2022北京初二（下）期末英語匯編

閱讀單選CD篇

一、閱讀單選

（2022春?北京東城?八年級統(tǒng)考期末）Laughingisoneofthebestthingsyoucandotocheeryourselfup.

SoIactivelymakeahabittolaughregularly-andIthinkyoushould,too.

Laughterisgoodforyourhealth.Ifsalsogoodforpersonaldevelopment.Laughtercanimprovesleep,

increasecreativethinking,andprovideanenvironmentthatincreaseslearningaswell.

Youmightthinkthatallthissoundsencouraging,butyoujustdon'thavemanychancestolaughinyourown

life.Thegoodnewsisthatyoudon'thavetowaitforlaughtertoappearinyourlife.Hereareafewsuggestionsto

getyoustarted.

Findchancestolaughallthroughtheday.

Thinkoffunnythingsatsomemomentsduringtheday.Insteadofthinkingaboutyourproblems,thinkofa

funnyexperience,afunnyjoke,orsomethingfunnythatyousawinamovieorTVshow.Replayitinyourmindas

youdohousework,waitinline,orotheractivitiesthatleaveyourmindfree.

Exaggerate（夸張）yourlaughter.

Whensomeonesayssomethingfunny,don?tjustsmile——laughoutloud.Everyonearoundyouwilllaugh

moreandthatwillgetyoulaughingmorealso.Whafsmore,thepersonwhosharesthefunnythingwillfeelso

happy.

IfyouarewatchingafunnyshowonTVanditmakesyoulaugh,don'tjustgiveasmallhalf-heartedlaugh.

Givealoudlaughter!It'sjustyouandtheTV.

Turnyourcomplaints（抱怨）intofunnystories.

Insteadofcomplainingaboutlife'sdifficulties,makeupafunnystoryaboutthem,andtellthemtoyour

friends.

You'lllaughtwice.Onceasyoufind"thefunny^^inwhathashappenedtoyou,andagainwhenyouactually

tellittoyourfriends.Andyourstorywillmakeyourfriendslaugh.Soyourbadexperiencehasasilverlining一it

isputtingalotmorelaughterintotheworld.

Laughandtheworldlaughswithyou.

Notonlydoeslaughterimproveyourhealth,butyoucanalsouselaughtertohelpothers.Don'tkeepallthe

laughtertoyourself.Leteveryonehavethebenefitsoflaughter.Youcanuselaughtertomakeeveryonearoundyou

feelmorecheerfulandhopeful,andperhapsimproveyourexperiencewiththem.

1.WhafsParagraph2mainlyabout?

A.Theartoflaughter.B.Theadvantagesoflaughter.

C.Thewaystomakepeoplelaughmore.D.Thereasonswhylaughterisgoodforhealth.

2.Theexpression“asilverlining^^inParagraph8probablymeans.

A.somethingdisappointingB.somethingtrue

C.somethingterribleD.somethinggood

3.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Sharingyourlaughterwithfriendsismeaningful.

B.Dosomefunnythingsbeforethinkingofproblems.

C.Ifsstrangetolaughoutloudwhenapersonisalone.

D.Peoplealwaysmakeupfunnystoriesabouttheircomplaints.

（2022春?北京東城?八年級統(tǒng)考期末）Welearnmanythingsatschool,butmostofusdon'tlearnhowto

makethemostofthetimewehave.However,reachingaschool-lifebalance（平衡）isoneofthemostimportant

thingsforstudentslikeyoutounderstand.

Asmanyofyouhurriedlydoyourbesttoearn（獲得）asmanyvolunteerhoursorworkexperienceaspossible,

dosportsandotheractivitiesoutsidetheclassroom,it'shardnottoletthosethingsimpact（影響）yourgrades.

LetmeintroduceyoutoawayIcall“Value-BasedTimeBlocking”.Themostimportantthingistodiscover

whatyourcore（核valuesareandmakesurethatyourtimetableshowsthat.Thekeyisn'ttospendmostofyour

timeonwhatyoupersonallyvalueasmostimportant——instead,thinkhowmuchtimeyouneedtospendineach

areaofyourlifetokeepaschool-lifebalance.

Here'sanexample:lefssaythatyouneedvolunteerexperienceinafield.Trynottostartthevolunteerwork

tooquicklywithoutthinkingaboutwhetheryouenjoytheexperienceornot,thinkabouthowoftenandforhow

longyouwanttobevolunteering.Youmayrealizethatvolunteeringafewhoursonceaweekisenoughforyouto

gettheexperienceyouneed,andafewhours'workwillnotimpactyourgrades.Togetstarted,writedownasmany

ofyourpersonalvaluesontoapieceofpaperasyoucan.Onceyouhaveatleast20,underlineyourtop5.Next,

thinkaboutallthethingsyouwouldliketofinish.Incomparingwhatyou'dliketodoandyourtop5values,

scratchout（戈ll掉）anythingthatdoesn'tgowithmostofthesevalues.Finally,thinkabouthowmuchtimeyouwant

tospendoneachtaskasitconnectstoyourvalues.

Howweuseourtimeisachoice.Youdon'thavetodoallthethings,especiallynotallatonce.Youcanchoose

todoonlyafewthings.Ifyoumakethedecisiontotryyourbestandtoenjoythetimeyouspendonthem,youcan

stillgetcompetitivegradesandhaveasatisfyinglifeoutsidetheclassroom,butithastobeachoice.

4.Accordingto“Value-BasedTimeBlocking”,studentsshould.

A.dotheactivitiesthattheywouldliketodo

B.decidehowmuchtimetospendineachareaoflife

C.discoverinwhatareatheyspendmostoftheirtime

D.spendmostoftheirtimeonwhattheypersonallyvaluemost

5.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Studentsarenotclearaboutwhattheircorevaluesare.

B.Studentsneedtofindtheconnectionbetweenschoolandlife.

C.Studentsshouldspendtimeonwhatconnectswiththeirvalues.

D.Studentsneedlittlevolunteerexperiencewhentheyareatschool.

6.Whafsthewriter'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?

A.Tosuggestawayoffindingaschool-lifebalance.

B.Totelltheimportanceofreachingaschool-lifebalance.

C.Toexplainwhystudentsenjoylifeoutsidetheclassroom.

D.Toshowhowactivitiesoutsidetheclassroomimpactgrades.

（2022春匕京西城年級統(tǒng)考期末）AlthoughwemaynothavetheabilitytopainttheMonaLisa,create

musiclikeMozart,orwritenovelslikeHemingway,everyoneisbornwithaspecialability-creativity（倉U造力）.

Somepeoplecanfindandlearntoshowitearly,whileothersmightdiscoveritlaterinlife.Weareallcreative,and

weneedtocreateasmuchasweneedtoeat,breatheandsleep.Creativityhasdifferentmeaningsfordifferent

people,butunluckilyalotofthingsmaystiflethedevelopmentofit.Andtheimportanceofcreativityisnotvalued

asmuchasitshouldbe.However,ithasapowerfuleffect（影響）onone'soverallabilitytogettruehappinessand

successinlife.Ifwestifleourcreativityorloweritsimportance,wemaycreateblockages（阻礙）inotherpartsof

life.Thiscanstopusfromimprovingthingslikehealth,workandpersonalrelationships.

Nomatterhowbusyoneis,itisveryimportanttoleavesometimetodevelopcreativity.Tryingoutdifferent

hobbiesisagreatwaytodiscoverone'screativitybecauseitcanbeveryenjoyable.Somepeoplefindonehobby

andfalldeeplyinlovewithit.Somepeopleprefertotrydifferenthobbiesforshorttime,orchangethemupeach

seasontostayinterestedandkeeptryingdifferentthings.

Onegreatthingaboutahobbyisthattherearenosetrules.Eachpersongetstodecidehowoftentheywantto

doitandwhethertheywanttokeepitforalongtimeormoveontosomethingelseaftertryingitforafewweeks

ormonths.

Anothercoolthingabouthobbiesisthatonecanenjoythemquietlywhenspendingsomefreetimealone,oras

awaytofitinacommunity（集體）.Bookclubs,artorcookingclasses,gardeningclubs——nearlyeverytypeof

hobbyoffersachancetomeetwithotherpeoplewiththesameinterestandbuildrelationships.Thiscouldbe

helpfulonbothapersonalandaprofessional（專業(yè)的）level.Hobbiescanbeagreatwaytocreateacommunity

amongco-workers.Sometimesifco-workersarenotgettingalong,havingthemtakepartinaseeminglynon-work-

relatedhobbycanbegreatforcreatingcommonground.

Usually,thesimpleactofdevelopinghobbiescanprovideachanceforapersontofindandshowhisorher

creativity,whichwillproducegreatactivechanges.Whenpeopleexperiencesomethingassimpleandgreatas

creatingsomethingbeautifulthroughhobbies,theybegintolookattheworld-anddailyenvironments一ina

fresh,newway.

7.Fromthepassage,wecanknow.

A.weareallbornwithcreativityB.creativitycomesfromhappiness

C.peopleusuallyvaluecreativityverymuchD.creativitymeansthesamethingtoeveryone

8.Theunderlinedword“stifle-inParagraph1probablymeans"

A.improveB.produceC.stopD.lose

9.WhafsParagraph2mainlyabout?

A.Therearenosetrulestodevelopcreativity.

B.Tryingdifferenthobbieshaslotsofadvantages.

C.Ifsenjoyabletotrydifferenthobbiesatdifferenttime.

D.Wecandevelopcreativitybytryingdifferenthobbies.

10.Thewriterprobablyagreesthat.

A.takingupsimplehobbieswon'tchangepeople'slives

B.creativitycanhelppeopletolookattheworldactively

C.ifsbettertohavealong-timehobbythanfindanewone

D.enjoyingahobbyalonecanhelpfitinacommunitywell

（2022春匕京海淀年級統(tǒng)考期末）Educationdoesn'tonlytakeplaceintheclassroom——itcanhappen

anywhere.Museumsareoneoftheplacesstudentsvisitforgoodreason.Withtheirrealartifacts（工藝品）and

exhibitions（展覽）,museumsprovideaniceenvironmenttoenrichstudents9learningindifferentkindsoffields.

AccordingtotheInternationalCouncilofMuseums,therewereabout55,000museumsworldwidein2017.

Manyofthemarefree,soschoolsneedn'tworryaboutthecosts.

Animportantroleofmuseumsineducationistheexperiencetheyprovide.AccordingtoArtNews.comin

2015,therewerethreemost-visitedexhibitionsinNewYork'sMetropolitanMuseumofArt一'"Treasuresof

Tutankhamen","MonaLisa"and"TheVaticanCollections^^.Whatalltheseexhibitionshaveincommonistheir

historicalimportanceandtheone-of-a-kindexperiencethatthevisitorshave.Toreadorhearabouttheartifactsis

notthesameasseeingtheminperson,whichcanbealife-changingexperience.uMonaLisa“istheworkofart

withgreatvalue.Standingface-to-facewithsuchafamousworkwithone'sowneyescanbringstudentsanew

understandingofthework,anexperiencethattheycan'tgetanywhereelse.

Intheclassroom,educatorscanteachstudentsthroughtalks,videos,orreadings.Museumtripscannotonly

excitestudents,butalsoserveasasupplement（補充）forthingsdiscussedinclass.Inmuseums,studentscan

connectwhattheyseewiththeirclassexperiences.Therefore,studentscanhaveacompleteunderstandingofthe

thingmoreeasily.

Asmuseumshavemuchtodowithhistoryorartifactsofthepast,ithasbeenadifficulttaskforthemtokeep

upwiththetechnologiesoftoday.Thecompetitorofamuseumisshortvideosorcomputergames,insteadofother

museums.Museumshavechosentobringtechnologiesintoexhibitions.Forexample,Wi-Fiallowsthegueststo

getthemuseumapp,whichservestobettertheexhibits.Althoughtechnologyisgettingastrongerholdonthe

world,thereisstillthewantforarealmuseumexperienceineducation,especiallywithourstudents.

11.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Studentscanlearnmanythingsinmuseums.

B.Museumtripswillcostschoolsalotofmoney.

C.Museumtripsareusuallyboringforthestudents.

D.Studentsmainlylearnthroughreadinginmuseums.

12.Thewritermentions“MonaLisa“inParagraph3toshowthat.

A.it'saworld-famousartworkofgreatvalue

B.it'saspecialexperiencetoseeartifactsinperson

C.museumshelpeducatorsteachbetteroutsideschool

D.museumsprovidestudentswithachancetolearnhistory

13.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Howcanmuseumshelpeducators?B.Whydomuseumsneedtechnologies?

C.Howshouldstudentslearninmuseums?D.Whydostudentsstillneedtovisitmuseums?

（2022春?北京海淀?八年級統(tǒng)考期末）Weallhavetrouble,andoftenmakemistakes.However,manyofus

findithardtoadmit（承認）themtoothers.Somostofuswouldkeeptheproblemstoourselves.Webelievethat

ourtroubleandmistakesshowourweakness,andweareafraidtoletothersseeusasnotgoodenough.

Thegoodnewsisthatourworriesaboutthenegativeevaluations（負面評價）fromothersmaynotseemas

seriousasweimagine.Aresearchsuggestedthatwesawouractofshowingweaknessmorenegativelythanothers

did,andresearcherscalledthisthe'"beautifulmesseffect（效應）Inotherwords,wemaynotbesuchamessas

wethink.

Thiseffectcanstopusfromsharingourtruefeelingsandneeds,whichcanactuallyhavemanyadvantages.

Forexample,studiesshowthatsharingpersonalinformationaboutoneselfmayhelpbuildclosenessandtrust,

whilesayingsorrysincerelycouldrepairafracturedrelationship.

Therefore,researcherswantedtoknowhowwecouldgetoverthe"'beautifulmesseffect”.Theirnew

experimentssuggestthatbeingself-compassionate（自我同情）canbeveryhelpfulwhenwewanttofindbeauty

inthemessofourownweakness.

Inthestudy,researchersinvited340universitystudentstotakepartinfourexperiments.Inoneofthem,

studentswereaskedtoimaginethemselvesoranotherpersonadmittingtotheirbossthatthey'dmadeahuge

mistakeonaproject.Then,studentsneededtoevaluatethisact:Didtheyseeitasanactofshowingone'scourage

orweakness?Finally,researchersevaluatedhowself-compassionatethestudentswere.

Thestudyshowedthatstudentswithlowself-compassionevaluatedtheirownactmorenegativelythanwhen

theyimaginedothersadmittingthesamemistake.Highlyself-compassionatestudents,ontheotherhand,werenot

muchinfluencedbythe'"beautifulmesseffect”.Inotherwords,sei仔compassionhelpsusevaluateouractof

showingweaknessmorefairly,stoppingusfrombeingtoohardonourselves.

Luckily,ourlevelofself-compassionisnotfixedandcanberaisedifwewantto.Withakindandcaring

attitudetowardsourselves,wecanbecomemorecomfortablewithshowingourweakness.Thispractice,inturn,

canimproveourrelationships.

14.Whydopeoplekeeptheirproblemstothemselvesaccordingtothepassage?

A.Tomakeasfewmistakesaspossible.B.Toprotecttheirpersonalinformation.

C.Tobuildnicerelationshipswithothers.D.Tostayawayfromnegativeevaluations.

15.Theword“fractured“inParagraph3probablymeans”

A.beautifulB.possibleC.healthyD.broken

16.Thewriterprobablyagreesthat.

A.wehavemoreadvantagesthanwethink

B.othersdon'tthinkweareamessaswedo

C.ifseasytoshareourweaknesswithothers

D.wecan'tgetoverthe'"beautifulmesseffect”

17.Whatisthewriter'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?

A.Todiscusssomewaystogetoverweakness.

B.Toencouragepeopletobeself-compassionate.

C.Toinvitepeopletosharetheirworrieseveryday.

D.Tointroducetherisksofthe"'beautifulmesseffect”.

（2022春?北京朝陽?八年級統(tǒng)考期末）Whenyouareonline,youcanbeanyoneoranything.Youcancreate

apictureofapersonorananimalthatrepresentsyourselfonacomputerscreen.Thesedigitalidentities（身份）area

keypartofhowpeopleusetheInternettocommunicateandexpressthemselves.Peoplecallthemavatars.

Thefirstsimple2Davatarsappearedinrole-playingcomputergamesinthe1980s.Yet,veryfewpeopleknew

thatfutureavatarswouldhavesuchwidekindsofformsanduses.Sincethelate1990s,peoplehavestartedusing

theminonlinecommunicationlikeWeChatandQQ.

Whenpeoplestartedcreatingtheirownavatars,theyfoundthattheyweregoingtohavethechancetocreate

newidentitiesthatdidnotlookoractliketheirrealselvesatall.Theycoulddresstheiravatarsinstrangeclothes,

ortheycouldtrybeingsomeoneoftheothersex,andcallthemselves"Tony"butnot“Betty”!WhenInternetusers

foundthatnotonlytheirfriends,butalsomanyotherpeoplewouldseetheiravatars,theystartedhavingmorethan

oneavatar:agood-lookingoneforwork;afriendlyoneformeetingpeople;andasillyoneforhavingfun.Avatars

letyouexpressyourselfandtheygiveyoulotsofspaceforcreativity.

Ofcourse,theavataryouchooseshowsyourpersonality.IfyourQQavatarisapictureofacutecat,your

messageis“Ilikerelaxingandhavingfim”.Famouscartooncharacterssay“Iamareallyfunnyperson”.Besides,

mostpeoplecreateavatarsthathavesimilarities（相彳以點）tothemselvesandthatlookmoreorlesslikethemandact

likethem.

Nowadays,althoughavatarsareeverywhere,theuseofavatarshasalsocausedafewdifferentopinions.Some

usersworrythattheyarespendingsomuchtimeinvirtual（虛擬的）worldsthattheyarebecomingafraidofmeeting

peopleintherealworld.Theuseofseveralavatarscanalsobearisk,aspeoplecanuseavatarstodosomethingbad

toothersonline.However,otherusersseeavatarsinamorepositive（積極的）way.Theylookforwardtoatime

whentheiravatarwillactlikearealpersonandtravelaroundbigger,moreexcitingvirtualworlds.

18.Theword"avatars“inParagraph1probablymeans”

A.somecomputergamesinthe1980sB.yourdigitalidentitiesontheInternet

C.yourownimageandpersonalityinreallifeD.onlinecommunicationlikeQQandWeChat

19.Accordingtothepassage,peoplehaveusedavatarsto.

A.travelaroundtheworldB.showtheirownpersonality

C.makefriendsintherealworldD.communicateeverywhereallthetime

20.Whafsthemainideaofthelastparagraph?

A.Thesuggestionsonusingavatars.B.Thepossiblefutureofavatars.

C.Someproblemscausedbyavatars.D.Differentopinionsaboutavatars.

（2022春?北京朝陽?八年級統(tǒng)考期末）Thinkofasmallthing一apieceofchalk,forexample.Areyou

rememberingitsname,itsshape,oritscolor?Areyourememberingthesounditmakeswhentheteacherwriteson

theblackboard?

Scientistssaythatmemory（記憶）includesdifferentpartsofthebrain,suchaslanguageandtheabilityof

sense.Theybelievethatyoubegintocreateamemorywhenyounoticesomethingwithyoursenses.Then,the

sensesystemsendsmessagestodifferentbraincells終田胞）,whichjointogethertoformconnections.Anew

connectiongoesintoyourshort-termmemory.Itstaysthereforabout30seconds,andthenitiseitherlostorstored

inyourlong-termmemory.

Havingagoodmemorymeansmakinglotsofconnectionsandkeepingtheminyourlong-termmemory.Todo

this,youneedtoputyourbraininexcellentcondition.Eatplentyofbrainfoodsuchasfishoil,fruitandvegetables.

Laughteralsomakesyourbrainmoreactive.Also,don'tforgettoexercise.Sodosomesportsorjustmovearound

alotinthehouse.Finally,getplentyofsleep.Thiswillmakeyourmemoriesgrowstronger.Whenyouwantto

remembernewinformation,youmustpayspecialattention.Useyoursenses-sight,smell,hearingandtouch一and

keeprepeating（重復）theinformation.Inordertodowellinyourteststhisyear,youneedtoturnofftheTV,

silenceyourmobile,andgooveryourworkregularly（有規(guī)律地）.Inthisway,youmakesuretouseyourfull

sensesonyourtestonly.Toremembersomethingspecial,itisagoodideatouseyourimaginationtocreatevisual

（視覺的）connections.Forexample,youneedtotakeapencil,aneraserandyourIDcardtoyournexttest.People

prefertopicturethethreethingsintoananimal,imaginingtheIDcardasthebodyoftheanimal,thepencilasits

longneck,andtheeraserasitshead.Itmaysoundcrazy,butifsfunandithelpsyourememberwhatyouneedto

keepinyourmind!

21.InParagraph1,thewritertalksaboutapieceofchalkto.

A.leadtothetopicofthearticleB.showtheimportanceofchalk

C.letreadersrememberthewordD.makereadersknowhisfavorite

22.Afterbraincellsformanewconnection,.

A.itisstoredinthesensesystemB.itsendsmessagestodifferentcells

C.itgoesintotheshort-termmemoryD.itputsthebraininexcellentcondition

23.Thethirdparagraphismainlyabouthowto.

A.dowellintestsB.gooveryourwork

C.makeyourmemoriesstrongerD.helpyourbodyingoodcondition

24.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Memoryhasnothingtodowiththeabilityofsense.

B.Peoplecanuseimaginationtorememberspecialthings.

C.Peoplejustneedrepeatingtoremembernewinformation.

D.Ourbrainisdifficulttopicturedifferentthingstoimprovememory.

（2022春?北京通州?八年級統(tǒng)考期末）ImagineyouarestudyingEnglish.Butthenyoufeeltheneedto

checkyourphone.Perhapsyoulookonsocialmedia.Youreturntoyourstudies,onlytolookagainatyourphonea

shorttimelater.Whenyourepeated（重復）itmanytimes,itcouldreduce（降彳氐）yourabilitytolearnnewmaterial

andyoucouldn'tfocus（集中）onyourlearningmaterial.Itiswhatyoumightcallabadhabit-acustomor

repeatedactionthathasabadinfluenceonyourstudy.Today,wewillexplorehowyoucanbreakbadhabits,such

asrepeatedlycheckingyourphone.

JamesClear,inhisbookAtomicHabits,describesfourstepsbywhichhabitsaremade.Thesesleepsarecue（暗

示）,craving（渴望）,response（回復）,andreward（獎勵）.

Acueisasignal.Ittellsyourbraintodosomething:tobeginabehavior.Itisacausethattellsyourbraintogo

intothismodeandmaketheactionstart.Acravingisadesireforsomething.Theresponseisthehabitthatyou

perfbrm.Theresponsegivesyouareward."Rewardsaretheendgoalofeveryhabit,“Clearwrites.

Inourcellphoneexample,thecueisseeingthecellphone.Thecravingisthedesiretocheckyourphone.The

responseischeckingyourphone.Therewardmightbeseeingsomethinginterestingonsocialmedia,forexample.

JamesClearnotesthattobreakbadhabits,youneedtothinkabouteachstepinthehabit-makingprocess.To

breakahabit,hewrites,youshouldthinkaboutmakingthebadhabitinvisible,unattractive,difficultand

unsatisfying.Tomakeyourphone如visible,youcouldhideitaway.Tomakeitunattractive,youcouldthinkabout

whyitisagoodideatostopcheckingthephone.Tomakephoneusedifficult,youcanincreasethespacebetween

youandyourphone.Tomakeyourphoneunsatisfying,youcouldaskafamilymembertowatchyouandpointout

whenyoucheckyourphone.Youcouldpromisetopaythatperson$2everytimeyoulookatthephonewhileyou

arestudying.

Today,wediscussedideasforreducingyourcellphoneuse.Butyoucanusetheseideastobreakother

behaviors.Theimportantthingtorememberisthatpeoplecanchangetheirhabits.Habitchangestaketime.But

withpatience,planning,andrepetition（重復）youcandoit.

25.Thewriterusescheckingphonesasanexampletoshowthat.

A.whatisthebestwaytousecellphones

B.whycellphonesarepopularinourlife

C.whenweshouldcheckourcellphones

D.howbadhabitsinfluenceourstudy

26.Theword"invisible“inParagraph5means.

A.impossibletosee

B.hardtoread

C.easytounderstand

D.difficulttostop

27.Thewriterwantstotellus.

A.wecanbreakourbadhabitsifwereallywanttomakeachange

B.wecanchangebadhabitsbyimprovingtheenvironmentaroundus

C.familyisthemainreasonforchangingourbadhabits

D?stoppingusingcellphonesiseasy,butotherhabitsaredifficulttochange

（2022春匕京通州年級統(tǒng)考期末）Haveyoueverseenacarwithoutadriver?Itsoundscrazy,butthese

computer-drivendriverlesscarswillsoonbefillingroadsnearyou.CompanieslikeGoogleandTeslaaretesting

thesecars,andthetechnologyisthere-theyjustneedtoseeifthey5revalueformoneyandrunfinalteststocheck

theycanrunalongsidehuman-drivencarsontheroad.

Sohowdotheywork?Thecarshavesensors（傳感器）allaroundwhichcandetectothercarsintheroad.

Sensorsonthewheelsalsohelpwhenparking,sothecarknowshowfaritisfromothercars.Roadsignsareread

bycameras,andsatellitenavigationsystems（衛(wèi)星導航系統(tǒng)）areusedsothecarknowshowtogetyouwhereyou

needtogo.Allyouhavetodoistypeintheaddress!Finally,acentralcomputersystemtakesinalltheinformation

itreceivesfromthesensorsandcamerasandworksoutthebestroute.

Soundlikegreatideas?Sittingback,lookingoutofthewindowsandevenwatchingafilmorreadingabook

whiledrivingwouldbepossiblewiththisnewtechnology.Youwouldn'tworryaboutrememberingdirectionsto

whereyou'regoing.Theywouldalsodrivemoresafelythanpeople-theydon'tgetdistracted（分心、）bymusicor

friends,theywouldobeythespeedlimitandtheyhavequickerreactions（反應）whentheyareindangersituation.

However,therearemanydrawbacks（缺點）ofdriverlesscars.Computerswouldhavedifficultiesmakingethical

（道德的）decisions:ifachildrunsintotheroad,willthecomputerchoosetohitthechildormakeaturnanditmay

killthecar'spassengers?Moreover,peoplewilllosethefirnofdriving.Therearemorethingspeoplehavetothink

about-shouldchildren,ordrunkpeople,beallowedinadriverlesscarbythemselves?Orwouldthereneedtobe

anadultwithadrivinglicenseinthecaratalltimes?

Althoughdriverlesscarsmeanthatnooneneedsadrivinglicense,savingmoneyforeveryone,manypeople

wouldbeputoutofajobbythisinvention.Bus,taxi,andtraindriversmaylosetheirjobs.

I'mnotsureI'dwantadriverlesscar~~butifsonlyamatteroftimebeforethey511becomemoreaffordableand

commonplaceonourroads.

28.Thesecondparagraphisabout.

A.whydriverlesscarsarepopular

B.howdriverlesscarsworkontheroad

C.whenpeoplecanusedriverlesscars

D?whichservicesthedriverlesscarscanprovide

29.Thewriterthinksthatdriverlesscarscan.

A.besaferandreactquickerthanhumandrivers

B.knowdirectionsbecausetheycanlookupthemapswhiledriving

C.typeintheaddresswiththehelpofsensorsandcameras

D.makeethicaldecisionwiththehelpofcomputers

30.Whatisthewriter'sopiniononthedriverlesscars?

A.Driverlesscarsarenowpopularontheroad.

B.Thewritercouldn'thavethecarbecauseitistooexpensive.

C.Thewritersuggestseveryoneshouldhavethiskindofcar.

D.Theyhaveabrightfuturealthoughtheyhavesomedrawbacks.

31.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Driverlesscars:anaffordableinvention

B.Dri