高三一輪復習講義外研版Unit6

Spaceandbeyond選擇性必修第四冊03隨堂鞏固深度拓展02深度學習拓展能力自主學習夯實基礎(chǔ)01內(nèi)容索引04情境遷移寫作微練05單元測評自主學習夯實基礎(chǔ)Part1單元詞匯——分類自測閱讀詞匯——語境識意1.undertheshadowoffear

_______________2.seasonwithpepper

_____________3.apleasantexcursion

_______________________4.rekindlehopes _____________5.anglethetelescope

___________6.discoveradistantgalaxy

___________________7.studycosmicrays _____________8.avaguenotion

_______________9.themusclesofthelowerback ___________10.thespaceshuttle

_________11.abrand-newdisc

_______________在恐怖的陰影中用胡椒粉調(diào)味一次令人愉快的短途出行重新激起希望斜置望遠鏡發(fā)現(xiàn)一個遙遠的星系研究宇宙射線一個模糊的概念腰部的肌肉航天飛機一張嶄新的光盤拓展詞匯——變形拼寫第一組：動詞變形_______v．中止，暫?！鷂_________n．暫緩；懸浮2.______v．提交→__________n．提交；屈服3.________v．構(gòu)想，設想→___________adj.可想象的；可信的→___________adv.可以相信地；可想象地4.______v．點燃；激起→________v．重新激起，重新喚起suspendsuspensionsubmitsubmissionconceiveconceivableconceivablykindlerekindle5.________v．模仿；假裝→_________adj.模仿的，模擬的，仿真的→_________n．(用于人員訓練的)模擬裝置，模擬器→__________n．仿真，模擬simulate

simulatedsimulatorsimulation第二組：名詞、形容詞變形6._____n．敬畏；驚嘆→________adj.很好的，了不起的→_____adj.很壞的；極討厭的7._________n．例外→___________adj.異常的；特別的→_____________adj.平常的8._______adj.看得見的→__________n．能見度；明顯性→_________adj.看不見的→______n．視力；視野aweawesomeawfulexceptionexceptionalunexceptionalvisiblevisibilityinvisiblevision9.______n．概念；觀點；看法→________adj.猜測的；估計的10.______n．危險；危害→_________adj.危險的，不安全的11._______n．悲慘的事；悲劇→______adj.悲慘的；悲劇的→__________adv.悲慘地，不幸地12._____________adj.立即的；瞬間的→_______________adv.瞬間地notionnotionalhazardhazardoustragedytragictragicallyinstantaneousinstantaneously名詞后綴-ology表示“……學”。①biology生物學ecology生態(tài)學②sociology社會學psychology心理學③archaeology考古學④geology地質(zhì)學zoology動物學

掌握規(guī)律·詞匯拓展核心詞匯——單句應用1.(2024·新課標Ⅱ卷)“WewantedtodosomethingwherewedoacalltoartistsintheBayArea__________(submit)storiesforacontest，”Trostsays.2.(2024·全國甲卷)Theywerepartofa15-memberexploringpartythathadspentalmostfive________(awe)weeksinwitnessofthenaturalbeautiesthere.3.(2024·全國甲卷)Dogsareknownfortheirimpressive________(fetch)habit，butcatstakethisbehaviorupanotch.4.He______(angle)hischairsothathecouldsitandwatchher.5.Shehadonlyavague______(notional)ofwhatmighthappen.6.Tomakethetrainingrealistic，the__________(simulate)operatesinrealtime.tosubmitawesomefetchinganglednotionsimulation7.Thelittlegirlwas_________(scream)withjoywhenshesawherbirthdaycake.8.Allergiesmakeme__________(sneeze)alotduringthespringtimebecauseofthepollen.9.Itwasannouncedthatthemeeting______________(suspend)duetotechnicaldifficulties.10.Being___________wisdomdoesnotnecessarilymeanbeingsuccessful.Forinstance，withveryfew__________，mostmembersoftheMensasocietyforpeoplewithhighIQsremain_____________．(exception)11.Hostsofcharactersdied__________inmanyShakespeare's_________becauseofthose______incidents.(tragedy)screamingsneezewassuspendedexceptionalexceptionsunexceptionaltragicallytragediestragic12.Catshavesogoodnight______thatmanythingsare_______tothematnightwhichare_________forhumanwiththenakedeye.(vision)13.Althoughsomething_____happenedtomytripinthebeginning，Istillthinkitwasan________experience.(awe)visionvisibleinvisibleawfulawesomePart2短語句式——教材精選Ⅰ.選擇合適的短語并用其正確形式填空1．___________，studyingforexamsrequiresalotoftimeandeffortfromstudents.2．Sheisona__________theperfectrecipetoimpressherfriendsatdinner.3．Hedidn'twantto___________________theirhappiness.4．He_______________acookingclasstoimprovehisculinaryskillslastsummer.5．Theairplane_________smoothlyandheadedtowardsitsdestinationinthesky.becomposedof，beengagedin，takeoff，tunein，reachforthestars，questfor，castashadowon，becomeaccustomedto，setfooton，inreality，stayfit，bringsthtosb'sattention，one'sheartinone'smouth，signupforInrealityquestforcastashadowonsignedupfortookoff6．Teenagersshouldbebannedfromsmoking，becauseoncetheirbodiesbecomeaddictedtonicotine，theywill______________________it.7．Theexplorersfailedto_____________thelandofAntarcticaduetoextremeweather.8．Thecommittee________________doctors，scholarsandaveragepersons.9．Youcanstartnowto________toyourownphysical，socialandspiritualneeds.10．Aftergraduatingfromcollege，he________________foreigntrade.becomposedof，beengagedin，takeoff，tunein，reachforthestars，questfor，castashadowon，becomeaccustomedto，setfooton，inreality，stayfit，bringsthtosb'sattention，one'sheartinone'smouth，signupforbecomeaccustomedtosetfootoniscomposedoftuneinwasengagedinⅡ.根據(jù)所給漢語和要求完成下面的句子1．農(nóng)民給蔬菜澆了水，我們都上去看看木制水車是如何工作的。(獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu))_____________________________________，weallwentuptoseehowthewoodenwaterwheelworked.2．毫無疑問，中國正在世界上扮演著極其重要的角色。(thereisneveranydoubtthat...)__________________________Chinaisplayingavitalroleintheworld.ThefarmerhavingwateredthevegetablesThereisneveranydoubtthat返回深度學習拓展能力Part1核心詞匯——多維練透shadow

(教材義)n．壞影響，陰影；(補充義)n．陰暗處；影子1巧歸納(1)castashadowon

給……蒙上陰影(2)intheshadow

在陰暗處(3)in/undertheshadowof 在……近旁；被(某人的光彩)所掩蓋(4)shadowyadj. 幽暗的，陰暗的；模糊的①Icouldjustmakeoutatall，pale，________(shadow)figurewalkingthroughthebush.②Tomalwayslives_________theshadowofhisbrother，whichmakeshimdiscouraged.③[讀后續(xù)寫之人物神態(tài)描寫]

她就在那兒，比以前更蒼白、更瘦，在她長長的睫毛的陰影下，隱藏著一個安靜的悲傷世界。Theresheis，palerandthinnerthanbefore，withaworldofquietsorrow_______________________herlongeyelashes.④(2024·新課標Ⅰ卷應用文寫作)我畫的是寧靜的湖面，樹木舞動的影子，還有遠處的小橋和行人。Ipaintedthecalmnessofthelake，____________________________，andthesmallbridgeandpedestriansinthedistance.shadowyin/underlyingundertheshadowof

thedancingshadowsofthetreessubmit

(教材義)v．提交；(補充義)v．順從；屈服2巧歸納(1)submitsthto... 把某物呈遞給……(2)submitto

向……屈服submitoneselfto

服從；甘受①Shedecidedtoresignfromthepartyratherthansubmitherself___thenewrules.②Anyonewhowantstoparticipateshouldgetanapplication_________(submit)tomebeforethedeadline.③[讀后續(xù)寫之場景描寫]

認識到他們的不利地位，另一方不情愿地接受了他們的敵人提出的條件。Recognizingthedisadvantageoftheirposition，theotherparty________________________________proposedbytheirenemy.④(2024·九省聯(lián)考應用文寫作)Lastly，theessayshouldbenomorethan300wordsandmust_____________(submit)bynextFriday.tosubmittedunwillinglysubmittedtothetermsbesubmittedbecome

accustomed

to...習慣于……3巧歸納accustomedadj. 通常的，習慣于be/become/getaccustomedto(doing)sth 習慣于(做)某事be/become/getusedto(doing)sth 習慣于(做)某事①Whiletheyoungergenerationsprefertocommunicatevisually，forthoseaccustomedto________(work)withtraditionaltoolslikeemail，itmayfeellikealearningcurve.②[讀后續(xù)寫之人物心理狀態(tài)描寫]

已經(jīng)習慣在農(nóng)村生活了，史密斯先生發(fā)現(xiàn)暫停這種狀態(tài)去城市生活很難。___________________________________，Mr.Smithfoundithardtosuspendthislifeandliveinthecity.③(2023·新課標Ⅰ卷)Littlebylittle，thesedifferentkindsoflifegot____(use)tooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.workingAccustomedtolivinginthecountrysideused④[中國元素]

春節(jié)期間，中國家庭習慣于聚在一起吃團圓飯，許多人都習慣了這個象征著家庭團聚和新年伊始的傳統(tǒng)。DuringtheSpringFestival，itiscustomaryforChinesefamiliestogatherforreuniondinners，andmany___________________________thatsymbolizesfamilyunityandthestartofanewyear.areaccustomedtothistraditionPart2經(jīng)典句式——寫作遷移句型公式：獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)

巧歸納(1)獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作狀語，修飾謂語或整個句子，可置于句首、句中或句末，用逗號與主句隔開，表時間、原因、伴隨狀態(tài)等。(2)其結(jié)構(gòu)為“名詞或代詞＋非謂語動詞”，“名詞或代詞＋形容詞/副詞/介詞短語”。①[讀后續(xù)寫之情感動作描寫]Shehuggedthecaringchildrentightly，________________________(眼睛里充滿了淚水).②[讀后續(xù)寫之情節(jié)動作描寫]

______________________(孩子領(lǐng)著路)，theyhadnotroublefindingthehouse.③[讀后續(xù)寫之情感動作描寫]

聽到他們的計劃，男孩高興地跳了起來，幸福和感激的淚水涌上雙眼。Hearingtheirplan，theboyjumpedforjoy，______________________________________________．④[中國元素]

霧氣從河流上升起，山巒在背景中巍峨聳立，為這幅古代中國山水畫創(chuàng)造了一種寧靜的氛圍。_________________________，themountainsstoodmajesticallyinthebackground，creatingacalmatmosphereintheancientChineselandscapepainting.hereyesfloodedwithtearsThechildleadingthewaytearsofhappinessandgratitudewellingupinhiseyesThemistrisingfromtheriverPart3語境辨義——舉一反三Ⅰ.熟詞生義(寫出句中加黑詞匯的詞性及漢語意思)1．Thepaintingisexpectedtofetchatleast$20million. ____________2．Thereweretobefiveteamsofthreecrewingtheboat. ________________3．Thankstotheangleatwhichhestood,hecouldseethesunset. _______4．(2024·新課標Ⅰ卷)Johnsonbeganwritingaboutsportsasasecond-yearstudentattheUniversityofColorado,

coveringhighschoolvolleyballgamesforhishometownnewspaper. ________5．(2024·新課標Ⅱ卷)However，mostproduceatthestorewentthroughweeksoftravelandcoveredhundredsofmilesbeforereachingthetable.__________________v.售得，賣得v.(在……)當船員n.角度v.報道v.跨越(一段距離)6．(2024·新課標Ⅰ卷)Audio(音頻)andvideocanfeelmoreengagingthantext，andsouniversityteachersincreasinglyturntothesetechnologies—say,

assigninganonlinetalkinsteadofanarticlebythesameperson. __________7．(2024·新課標Ⅰ卷)IdreamedofenteringcycleracesuntilIflewtoSanDiegotovisitmysister. __________v.比方說v.報名參加Ⅱ.一詞多義(選出下列單詞在句中的正確釋義)1．shadow①Thesuncastlongshadowsinthelateafternoon. _____②Thetallbuildingshadowsthestreetbelow. _____③Thedetectiveshadowedthesuspecttogatherevidence. _____A．n.陰影，影子 B．n.模糊的輪廓，圖像C．v.使變暗，遮蔽 D．v.跟蹤，盯梢ACD返回2．suspend①Alampwassuspendedfromtheceiling. _____②Thecompanywasforcedtosuspendoperationsduetothepandemic. _____③Themeetinghasbeensuspendeduntilfurthernotice. _____A．v.暫停，中止 B．v.延緩，推遲C．v.懸掛，吊起 D．v.使暫停職CAB隨堂鞏固深度拓展Ⅰ.語篇語境綜合練(語境創(chuàng)新——詞匯再練)

Livinginspaceisan1.__________(awe)experience.Astronautsmustbecomeaccustomed2.___adifferentwayoflife.Thenotionoffloatinginspacesoundsexciting，butitisnotalwaysunexceptional.Thespaceshuttletakes3.____crewtospace，wheretheyoftenfacechallenges.

4．__________(tragic)，accidentscancastashadowonspacemissions.Once，amalfunctionledtoacrashthatleftfamilies5._________(scream)inhorror.Inmicrogravity，itemsremainsuspendedintheair，whichcanbequiteamusingyetrisky.awesometotheTragicallyscreaming

Seeingtheworldwiththenakedeyefromspaceis6.___________(stimulate)，offeringviewsthatarenotavailablefromEarth.Astronautsmustlearn7._________(angle)theirbodiestofetchitemsfloatingaround.8.___________(conceivable)，humansmightonedayliveonMars.

Trainingformissionsisnotstraightforward.Everydaytaskssuchasbrushingteeth，9.________(sneeze)，andmuscleexercisesarechallenging.Scientistsworkhardtocreatelifelikeenvironmentstohelpastronautsprepare.Spaceremainsa10.________(fetch)frontier，filledwithbothriskandwonder.stimulatingtoangleConceivablysneezingfetchingⅡ.真題難句拓展練(剖析長句——精準翻譯)1．(2023·浙江1月卷)I'velearnedafewthingsalongthewaythough，whichIhopeyou'llfindencouragingifyou'redoingyourbesttofigureouthowyoucanmakethechangeinanot-always-supportivehousehold.[剖析]本句是一個復合句。句子主干為主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)

________________________。which引導非限制性定語從句，指代前面整個句子；if引導狀語從句；how引導賓語從句。[翻譯]

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________I'velearnedafewthings然而，在這一過程中，我也學到了一些東西。如果你正盡最大努力想出如何在一個并不總是支持你的家庭中做出改變的話，我希望你能從中得到鼓舞。2．(2021·全國甲卷)Once，whentryingacertaintrickonthebeam(橫桿)，Ifellontothestones，damaginganerveinmyhand，andTobycameover，helpingmeup：Safe，man.Safe.[剖析]本句是and連接的并列句。and前面的分句主干為主謂結(jié)構(gòu)

__________________；whentrying相當于狀語從句的省略結(jié)構(gòu)；damaginganerveinmyhand為結(jié)果狀語。and后為簡單句；helpingmeup為伴隨狀語。[翻譯]

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ifellontothestones有一次，我嘗試在橫桿上做一個動作，結(jié)果摔倒在石頭上，傷到了手上的一根神經(jīng)；托比走過來把我扶起來：小心點，兄弟。小心點。返回情境遷移寫作微練Ⅰ.應用文寫作增分練——外太空(參觀南京紫金山天文臺)結(jié)合本單元話題，用單元詞匯、經(jīng)典句型完成下面的應用文寫作并背誦。[基礎(chǔ)語料]單元詞匯awesome，rekindle，instantaneously，scream，lifelike，galaxy，invisible，becomeaccustomedto經(jīng)典句型so...that...句型；asif句型；guided動詞-ed形式作狀語；that引導定語從句；allowing動詞-ing形式作狀語；on/upondoing結(jié)構(gòu)[情境呈現(xiàn)]你校組織同學們參觀了紫金山天文臺(PurpleHillsObservatory)，請你以AtriptoPurpleHillsObservatory寫一篇文章給學校英文報投稿，講述參觀經(jīng)歷并發(fā)表感想。[思路點撥]人稱以第一人稱為主時態(tài)以一般過去時為主內(nèi)容要點線索第一段引出主題(概括話題)→第二段介紹具體參觀內(nèi)容和細節(jié)→結(jié)尾表達感想[寫作輸出]AtriptoPurpleHillsObservatory

VisitingthePurpleHillsObservatoryinNanjingwasreallyanawesomeexperience.

(1)_____________________________(一進入天文臺；on/upondoing結(jié)構(gòu))，thelightsdimmed，andinstantaneously，abreathtakingdisplayofstarsfilledtheceiling.(2)____________________________________________________________________________(視覺效果是如此逼真，以至于我感覺好像被傳送到了銀河系本身；lifelike，galaxy；so...that...句型；asif句型).(3)__________________________________________________________________________(然后在一位熱心的天文學家的指導下，我們探索了宇宙的奧秘；guided動詞-ed形式作狀語).On/UponenteringtheobservatoryThevisualsweresolifelikethatitfeltasifIwastransportedintothegalaxyitselfThenguidedbyanenthusiasticastronomer，weexploredthemysteriesofthecosmosTheimagesofdistantgalaxies(4)_______________________(曾經(jīng)似乎是看不見的；invisible；that引導定語從句)weredisplayedonthegiantscreens，leavingusinastateofwonderandscreaminginamazement.

Seriously，thisjourneyrekindledmyfascinationforthecosmos，(5)___________________________________________________________(讓我習慣了宇宙的壯麗；becomeaccustomedto；allowing動詞-ing形式作狀語).thatonceseemedinvisibleallowingmetobecomeaccustomedtothemagnificenceoftheuniverse[變式表達]根據(jù)本文最后一句話的意思填空，保持意義基本一致。Truly，thistrip_______________mypassionforthecosmos，helpingme____________________________________．hasstimulatedgrowfamiliarwiththeuniverse'ssplendorⅡ.讀后續(xù)寫微點練——愛心人捐贈(景色描寫)[基礎(chǔ)語料]詞匯scenic

風景如畫的picturesque

風景如畫的breathtaking

壯觀的starrysky

滿天繁星stunning

極美的snow-cappedmountains

白雪皚皚的山峰rollinghills

連綿起伏的山丘naturalbeauty

自然風光landscapeview

風景sceneryspot

景點句式not...more表示最高級；強調(diào)謂語細節(jié)描寫1.The

moon

shines

brightlyinthenightsky.月亮在夜空中閃耀。2．The

panoramic

viewfromthetopofthemountainwas

breathtaking.山頂?shù)娜傲钊藝@為觀止。3．The

picturesque

countryside

reminded

her

of

a

classic

painting.這個如詩如畫的鄉(xiāng)村讓她想起了一幅經(jīng)典畫作。4．The

sunset

created

a

dramatic

display

of

colorsovertheocean.海洋上的日落呈現(xiàn)出戲劇性的色彩展示。5．The

stunning

waterfall

was

hidden

awayintheheartofthejungle.這個極美的瀑布隱藏在叢林深處。[情境呈現(xiàn)]家中物品多，需要處理→舉辦庭院拍賣→兒子Braxton想賣檸檬水攢錢買樂高→家庭準備拍賣和檸檬水站→拍賣開始，但Braxton的檸檬水未開張→一位女士購買玩具，慷慨給Braxton找零→家人感嘆女士的善舉→……[思路點撥]文體：記敘文人稱：第一、三人稱時態(tài)：一般過去時為主續(xù)寫思路：根據(jù)所給首句Severalminutespassedandthewomanreturned.可知，接下來要寫我們會思考女士返回的原因以及她的行為表現(xiàn)等。[寫作輸出]

Several

minutes

passed

and

the

woman

returned.“Isthereanythingwrong？”Ithoughttomyself.(1)______________________________________________________________________(我實際上認為她可能改變了主意，想要一杯檸檬水).(2)______________________________________(當然，我大錯特錯了；

not...more表示最高級).(3)___________________________________(她這次帶著一個信封).Shehandedittousandsaid，“ItisforBraxton.And(4)____________________________________(我真的希望它能幫助他實現(xiàn)他的愿望；

強調(diào)謂語).”Wethankedherandshewalkedaway.(5)______________________________________________________(她走后我們打開信封，發(fā)現(xiàn)里面有一張100美元的鈔票).IactuallythoughtshemighthavechangedhermindandwantedacupoflemonadeOfcourse，Icouldn'thavebeenmorewrongShewascarryinganenvelopethistimeIdohopethatitcanhelphimwithhiswishWeopenedtheenvelopeaftersheleftandfounda$100billinit返回[變式表達]用動詞-ing形式短語作狀語改寫最后一句。________________________________________________________________Havingopenedtheenvelopeaftersheleft，wefounda$100billinit.單元測評Ⅰ.閱讀理解(本題共8個小題；每小題2.5分，共20分)A(2025·武漢二調(diào))

Ifyouliveonthisplanet,there'sadecentchanceyou'veseentheclassicStar

Trek

Episode,

inwhichCaptainKirkandseveralmembersfindthemselvesinwhatappearstobeanotheruniverse.

Thesedays,itseemstheideaofthemultiverse—manyworlds—ishavingitsHollywoodmoment.Itsappealasastorytellingdeviceisobvious—charactersexploreamulti-worldwithvaryingdegreesofsimilaritytoourown,aswellasdifferentversionsofthemselves.Hence,ithasbeenfullyestablishedinmainstreampopculture.

WhileHollywoodcan'tseemtogetenoughofthemultiverse,itremainsdeeplycontroversialamongscientists.Advocatesonthetwosidesshownomercytowardeachotherintheirbooks,ontheirblogs.Butphysicistsdidn'tpulltheideaoutofthinair—rather,severaldistinctlinesofreasoningseemtopointtothemultiverse'sexistence.However,criticswarnthatmakingthemultiverselegalcouldmakeitharderforthepublictodistinguishspeculative(推測性的)theoriesfromestablishedfact,makingitmoredifficulttokeeppseudo-science(偽科學)atbay.Givingcredittosuchspeculationrisks“turningfundamentalphysicsintopseudo-science”．

Themultiversecontroversyisrootedintheideaoftestability.Ifwecan'tinteractwiththeseotheruniverses,ordetecttheminanyway,someexpertsinsistthatreducesthemtomerephilosophicalspeculation.ButCarroll,anadvocatefor“manyworlds”，

arguesthatmathematicsisthelanguagedescribingourphysicaltheories.SinceSchrdinger'sequation(方程),onwhichquantum(量子)mechanicrests,predictstheexistenceofmanyworlds,sobeit.

Couldamoreexpansiveviewoftheuniverseitselfbethenextbreakthrough?AsSiegfriedputsit:“Everytimeinthepastthatwe'vethought，‘We'vegotit;thisiswhatthewholeuniverseis’—thepeoplewho'vesaid，‘Maybethere'smorethanoneofthose’havealwaysturnedouttoberight.”

語篇解讀本文是一篇議論文。雖然近來好萊塢似乎對多元宇宙欲罷不能，但它在科學家看來仍然存在著很大的爭議。1．WhyisHollywoodsooccupiedwiththemultiverse?A．Itmakesforengagingplots.B．Itisamuch-talked-abouttopic.C．Itishelpfultopopularizescience.D．Itdominatesthemainstreampopculture.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Itsappealasastorytellingdeviceisobvious—charactersexploreamulti-worldwithvaryingdegreesofsimilaritytoourown,aswellasdifferentversionsofthemselves.”

可知，將多元宇宙作為一種講故事的手段，非常具有吸引力。由此可知，好萊塢執(zhí)著于多元宇宙，是因為它有引人入勝的情節(jié)。故選A。√2．WhatdoestheunderlinedphraseinParagraph3probablymean?A．Outofdate. B．Outofplace.C．Outofnowhere. D．Outofquestion.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線短語后面的

“rather,severaldistinctlinesofreasoningseemtopointtothemultiverse'sexistence”

可知，有推理路線證明多元宇宙是存在的，由此可推知，這是有道理的，物理學家提出這個觀點并不是無中生有/突然冒出來的。outofthinair意為

“憑空地，無中生有地”，C選項和畫線短語意思相近。故選C?！?．Accordingtotheopponents,thebasicstandardoffundamentalphysicsisthat

．A．itcanbedetectedsomehowB．itcanbereasonedlogicallyC．itcanbeinterpretedphilosophicallyD．itcanbepredictedbymathematicsequation√推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的

“However,criticswarnthatmakingthemultiverselegalcouldmakeit...Givingcredittosuchspeculationrisks‘turningfundamentalphysicsintopseudo-science’．”

可知，批評者認為讓多元宇宙合法化可能會使公眾難以區(qū)分推測性理論和既定事實，相信這種推測有可能導致基礎(chǔ)物理學變成偽科學。由此可推知，基礎(chǔ)物理學是以既定事實為基礎(chǔ)的，能以某種方式被發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選A。4．Whatmightbetheauthor'sattitudetowardthemultiverse?A．Doubtful. B．Dismissive.C．Unclear. D．Approving.√觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第四段中的

“SinceSchrdinger'sequation(方程),onwhichquantum(量子)mechanicrests,predictstheexistenceofmanyworlds,sobeit.”

和最后一段可知，作者認為既然有理論預測了許多世界的存在，那就順其自然吧，那些說

“那其中也許不止一個”

的人總是被證明是對的。由此可推知，作者對多元宇宙的概念持支持態(tài)度。故選D。B(2025·天域全國名校協(xié)作體聯(lián)考)

Withthefastdevelopmentofastronomy,astronomersareeagertofindahintofthefamiliar:planetsthatresembleEarth.Bypushingtechnologytothelimits,astronomersarerapidlyapproachingthedaywhentheycanfindanotherEarth.

Themostdirectapproachistotakeapictureofitwithatelescope.However,amoreeffectivewayistouse“theDopplertechnique”．Thisinvolvesanalyzingstarlightforevidencethatthestar'smovementisaffectedbythegravitationalpullofaplanet.Nowadays,astronomerscantellwhenaplanetispullingitsstarbyonlyonemeterasecond—abouthumanwalkingspeed.That'senoughtodetectagiantplanetinabigorbit,orasmallplanetifit'sclosetoitsstar.

Anotherapproachistowatchastarforaslightdipinitsbrightness.Thisoccurswhenanorbitingplanetpassesinfrontofthestarandblockspartofitslight.Atmost,atenthofallplanetarysystemsareorientedsothatthesemini-eclipses(日食)—calledtransits(凌日)—arevisiblefromEarth.So,astronomershavetomonitoralotofstarstocapturejustafewtransits.

ThedreamofastronomersistodiscoverarockyplanetroughlythesizeofEarthorbitinginahabitablezone,onethatisneithertoohotnortoocoldtosupportlife.Iftheysucceed,theywillhavefoundwhatbiologistsbelievecouldbeapromisingresidenceforlife.

Thebestplacestolookmaybedwarfstars.Smallerthanthesun,dwarfstarsareplentiful;sevenofthetenstarsnearesttoEartharedwarfstars.Theyalsoprovideasteadysupplyofsunlighttoanylife-bearingplanetswithintheirhabitablezone.Additionally,dwarfstarsaredim,sothehabitablezoneliescloserin.Iftheplanetisclosertothestar,it'seasierforastronomerstodetectatransitobservation.Aclose-inplanetalsohasastrongerpullonitsstar.ThatmakesiteasiertodetectwiththeDopplermethod.語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了天文學家尋找類地行星的方法和目標，科學家們使用望遠鏡、多普勒技術(shù)和監(jiān)測恒星光度變化等方法來尋找類地行星。5．AccordingtoParagraphtwo,astronomersanalyzestarlightwiththeaimoffinding

．A．wherewecandetectagiantorbitB．whyasmallplanetisclosetoitsstarsC．whetherthemotionofthestarsischangedD．howstrongthepowerofthegravitationalpullis細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中

“...istouse‘theDopplertechnique’．Thisinvolvesanalyzingstarlightforevidencethatthestar'smovementisaffectedbythegravitationalpullofaplanet.”

可知，科學家利用多普勒技術(shù)來分析星光，

想要找出恒星的運動是否會受到某個行星引力的影響。故選C?！?．Whydoastronomershavetomonitoralotofstarstocapturetransits?A．Transitslastaveryshortperiodoftime.B．Mostplanetarysystemsdon'thavetransits.C．Transitsonlyoccurforasmallnumberofstars.D．Nomorethan10%planetarysystemshavevisibletransitsfromEarth.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中

“Atmost...So,astronomershavetomonitoralotofstarstocapturejustafewtransits.”

可知，最多只有十分之一的行星系統(tǒng)是定向的，這樣從地球上就可以看到這些迷你日食，也就是所謂的凌日。由此可推知，天文學家必須監(jiān)測很多恒星才能捕捉到一些凌日現(xiàn)象，因為可從地球上觀測到凌日現(xiàn)象的行星系統(tǒng)不超過10%。故選D。√7．DwarfstarsmaybegoodplacestospotEarth-likeplanetsbecause

．A．dwarfstarsarelimitedinnumberB．theirplanetsareclosetotheEarthC．theclosenessofthehabitablezonetodwarfstarsaidsdetectionD．thebrightnessofdwarfstarstoEarthimprovestheirvisibility√推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中

“Additionally,dwarfstarsaredim...ThatmakesiteasiertodetectwiththeDopplermethod.”

可知，矮星亮度不高，故其離宜居住帶近。如果宜居住帶內(nèi)的行星離矮星更近的話，天文學家更容易觀察到其凌日現(xiàn)象，這樣就更容易發(fā)現(xiàn)類地行星的存在，同時離得近的行星對矮星的引力就更強，因此更容易通過多普勒方法被觀測到。故選C。8．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothediscoveryofEarth-likeplanets?A．Confident. B．Suspicious.C．Ambiguous. D．Unconcerned.√觀點態(tài)度題。文章第一段點題：隨著天文學的發(fā)展，科學家們迫切想要發(fā)現(xiàn)類地行星的蹤跡，通過不斷地推進前沿科技，科學家們離找到一顆類地行星的日子不遠了；再結(jié)合下文對兩大方法的詳細的正向的介紹可知，作者對找到類地行星很有信心。故選A。Ⅱ.完形填空(本題共15個小題；每小題1分，共15分)(2025·重慶二測)

In1970,AlanAyerswasparticipatinginaskydivingteamcompetitioninGainesville,Florida.Hewouldbe1outofaCessna172,asmallfour-seatpassengerplane.Inpreparation,thepassengerdoorandfrontpassengerseatwere2，

butthepassengersideseatbeltremained.

Ayers'teammatesskydivedfirst,

3himandthepilotastheonlytwopeopleremainingintheplane.ItwasAyers'

4．Butashesteppedoutintotheair,hisfootgot5inthepassengersideseatbelt.

“Iwascompletelyoutoftheplaneonmyback,

6atthebellyoftheCessna,withonlymyboot7tothepilot...Itriedtopullmyselfuptoreachthebuckle(鎖扣),butIjustcouldn't，”Ayersremembered.

Thousandsoffeetintheair,hangingfromtheplane,Ayerswasoutof8．“Andwhathappenednextwas9，”Ayerssaid.“The23-year-oldpilotunbuckledherseatbelt,crouched(蹲)downinthedooroftheairplane,withbothhandsofftheoperatinghandle,and10myankle.”

Ayersdroppedawayfromtheplane,openedhisparachute,andlanded11．Morethan50yearslater,sheoftencameintohis12，

“Tothisday,Icanseehertwo13handsreachingoutofthedoortounbucklethebelt，”Ayer