高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省濱州市2024-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AJoinusfromJune7toAugust31forourall-newSummerReadingProgram—CuriousCreatures.Thisprogram,forages17yearsandyounger,inspirestheenthusiasmforlearning.GetawelcomekitThekitincludesanactivitylog,aRedRobin“BurgersforBooks”coupon,andmoresurprises!TogetaWelcomeKit,you’llfirstneedtosignupforthechallengeonouronlineplatform,Beanstack.Registerinadvanceorsignupwhenyouvisitalibrary.Welcomekitsareavailablewhilesupplieslast.TrackyourprogressonlineUseBeanstacktotrackyouractivitiesandearnbadges.Unlockbonuscontents,includingcoloringpagesandbookmarksyoucandownloadorprint.CompleteyouractivitylogtowinaprizeCompleteyourlogtowinafinisherprize.Youcanpickuponeofthefinisherprizes(SeattleStormticketcertificate,StadiumBag,WaterBottle,ToteBag)startingJuly1.ThelastdaytopickupprizesisAugust31.WelcomekitsandfinisherprizesaresponsoredbytheKingCountyLibrarySystemFoundation.EarnaprizedrawingentryCompleteyouractivitylogtoearnaprizedrawingentry.YoucouldwinaKoboClaraColoureReader,aSasquatchplushtoy,oraCuriousCreaturesYetitumbler.IfyoucompleteyouractivitiesonlinewithBeanstack,you’llbeenteredautomatically.IfyouregisterwithBeanstackbutuseapaperlogtotrackyouractivities,pleasereturnthecompletedpaperlogtolibrarystaff.WecanmarkyourBeanstackaccountascompleteandyou’llbeenteredintotheprizedrawing.MustberegisteredinBeanstacktobeeligibletowin.1.WhatisthemainpurposeofCuriousCreatures?A.Toprovidereadingskills. B.Tofuelthepassionforlearning.C.Torecommendsomebooks. D.Tostimulateteenagers’curiosity.2.Whatcanbelearnedabouttheprogram?A.ThefinisherprizescanbepickedupinJulyandAugust.B.Welcomekitswillbegiventoanyonewhohasregistered.C.Coloringpagesandbookmarksareofferedbythelibrary.D.WelcomekitsandfinisherprizesarefundedbyBeanstack.3.Whatshouldparticipantsusingpaperlogsdotoentertheprizedrawing?A.MarktheirBeanstackaccounts. B.RegisteronBeanstackinadvance.C.Tracktheiractivitiesandearnbadges. D.Finishthelogsandgivethemtolibrarians.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)面向17歲及以下兒童的全新夏季閱讀項(xiàng)目——“好奇生物”?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“JoinusfromJune7toAugust31forourall-newSummerReadingProgram—CuriousCreatures.Thisprogram,forages17yearsandyounger,inspirestheenthusiasmforlearning.(6月7日至8月31日，歡迎參加我們?nèi)碌南募鹃喿x項(xiàng)目——好奇生物。這個(gè)項(xiàng)目面向17歲及以下的孩子，激發(fā)他們對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)的熱情。)”可知，“好奇生物”這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的主要目的是激發(fā)孩子們對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)的熱情。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Earnaprizedrawingentry部分中“Completeyourlogtowinaprize.Youcanpickuponeofthefinisherprizes(SeattleStormticketcertificate,StadiumBag,WaterBottle,ToteBag)startingJuly1.ThelastdaytopickupprizesisAugust31.(完成日志即可贏得獎(jiǎng)品。從7月1日起，您可以領(lǐng)取其中一項(xiàng)完成獎(jiǎng)(西雅圖風(fēng)暴門票、體育場包、水瓶、手提包)。領(lǐng)取獎(jiǎng)品的最后一天是8月31日。)”可知，關(guān)于這個(gè)項(xiàng)目，我們知道完成獎(jiǎng)可以在7月和8月領(lǐng)取。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“IfyouregisterwithBeanstackbutuseapaperlogtotrackyouractivities,pleasereturnthecompletedpaperlogtolibrarystaff.WecanmarkyourBeanstackaccountascompleteandyou’llbeenteredintotheprizedrawing.(如果您在Beanstack上注冊但使用紙質(zhì)日志記錄活動(dòng)，請(qǐng)將完成的紙質(zhì)日志交給圖書館工作人員。我們可以將您的Beanstack帳戶標(biāo)記為已完成，您將被納入抽獎(jiǎng)。)”可知，使用紙質(zhì)日志的參與者要進(jìn)入抽獎(jiǎng)環(huán)節(jié)，需要將完成的日志交給圖書館工作人員。故選D。BOneeveningin1951,astronomerWilliamMorganwaswalkinghomefromYerkesObservatoryinWisconsinwhenhelookedupatthenightskyandhad“acreativeinsightburst”.Itsolvedoneofthegreatestmysteriesofastronomy.An“aha!Moment”,suchasMorgan’sgreatinsight,isanewideathatarrivessuddenly,oftenburstingintoanongoingstreamofthought.Itmaypopupwhilesomeoneisactivelytryingtosolveaproblem.Individualstendtohavemoreanalytical(分析型的)orinsightfulthinking;wearen’tlimitedtooneortheother.It’suptothemood.ImagineyouareinAfrica25,000yearsago.Youseealionacoupleofmetersawayandareseizedwithfear.Yourthinkingimmediatelybecomesverycarefulandanalyticalbecauseifyoumakeonemistake,youarefinished.Canthelionseemeorhearme?IfIrun,isthelioncloseenoughtocatchup?Youmanagetoescape.Thateveningyouarebackinthecave,sittingbythefireandsharingfoodwithyourpeople.Youareenjoyingsafety.Inyourprotectedshelter,youcanhavecreativethoughtsanddosomethingimaginative.So25,000yearslater,wefindtheinnovativestonetoolsandbreathtakingcavepaintingsthatinspiredfuturegenerations.Anobviouswaytoincreaseinsightfulnessisthereforetorelaxwhenyouaren’tanxiousorrushed.Anotherwayisexpansioninspace:Whenyouareinalargeroomorthegreatoutdoorsunderastarrysky,asMorganwas—yourattentionexpandsinthelargespace.Youwillconsiderthewholeratherthantheparts,thusenhancinginsightfulthinking.Modernsociety’sunrelentingdemandforproductivityandspeedoftenrejectsinsight.Evenso,rememberthevalueandpowerofinsightsandtheconditionsthatsparkthem.AsMorganshows,whenitcomestoan“aha!Moment”,theskyisthelimit.4.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicinthefirstparagraph?A.Bysharingasecrettosuccess. B.Byraisinganewidea.C.Bydescribinganastronomer. D.Bytellingatruestory.5.Whydoestheauthorreferto“Africa25,000yearsago”?A.Tostresstheimportanceofinsightfulthinking.B.Toillustratethenecessityofanalyticalthinking.C.Toprovethepowerofcreativityandimagination.D.Toshowtheinfluenceofmoodonthinkingstyles.6.Whichofthefollowingsituationsmighthelpboostaninsight?A.Studyinghardforamathexam. B.Takingphotosonavastgrassland.C.Workingonthecomputerinanoffice. D.Promotingproductsinasupermarket.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unrelenting”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Basic. B.Typical. C.Endless. D.Unreasonable.【答案】4.D5.D6.B7.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹“頓悟時(shí)刻”的特點(diǎn)、影響因素及提升洞察力的方法。【4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Oneeveningin1951,astronomerWilliamMorganwaswalkinghomefromYerkesObservatoryinWisconsinwhenhelookedupatthenightskyandhad‘a(chǎn)creativeinsightburst’.Itsolvedoneofthegreatestmysteriesofastronomy.(1951年的一個(gè)晚上，天文學(xué)家威廉·摩根從威斯康辛州的葉凱士天文臺(tái)走回家時(shí)，他抬頭仰望夜空，突然有了“創(chuàng)造性的洞察力”。它解決了天文學(xué)上最大的謎團(tuán)之一。)”可知，作者在第一段中通過講述一個(gè)真實(shí)的天文學(xué)家WilliamMorgan的故事來引出話題，即“aha!Moment”(頓悟時(shí)刻)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Individualstendtohavemoreanalytical(分析型的)orinsightfulthinking;wearen’tlimitedtooneortheother.It’suptothemood.(個(gè)體往往有更多的分析性思維或洞察力思維；我們不限于其中一種。這取決于心情。)”及后文舉的非洲25000年前的例子可知，作者提到“25000年前的非洲”是為了說明心情對(duì)思維方式的影響。故選D項(xiàng)。【6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Anotherwayisexpansioninspace:Whenyouareinalargeroomorthegreatoutdoorsunderastarrysky,asMorganwas—yourattentionexpandsinthelargespace.Youwillconsiderthewholeratherthantheparts,thusenhancinginsightfulthinking.(另一種方法是空間上的擴(kuò)展：當(dāng)你在一個(gè)大房間里，或者在星空下的戶外，就像摩根一樣——你的注意力在大空間中擴(kuò)展。你會(huì)考慮整體而不是部分，從而增強(qiáng)洞察力思維。)”可知，空間上的擴(kuò)展會(huì)讓你考慮整體而不是部分，從而增強(qiáng)洞察力。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后文“demandforproductivityandspeed(對(duì)效率和速度的需求)”及“oftenrejectsinsight(常常否定洞察力)”可知，現(xiàn)代社會(huì)尤其強(qiáng)調(diào)生產(chǎn)力和速度即對(duì)生產(chǎn)力和速度的要求沒有盡頭，由此往往會(huì)排斥洞察力。因此劃線詞的意思是“無盡的”。故選C項(xiàng)。CAlittlebrown-and-whitebirdfliesacrosstheEastAfricangrassland.Hersharpeyesscanthetallgrass.Shelandsinthetreesandlistens.What’sthatbuzzingsound?Beeshavebuiltahive(蜂房)inabigbranch.Thebirdlovestoeatbeeswax(蜂蠟),butshe’stoosmalltochallengeawholecloudofbees.Luckilythislittlebirdhasasecrettoolforgettingthatdeliciousmealwithoutgettingattacked:humans!Infact,birdsofherspecieshavebeenguidingtribes(部落)inEastAfricatohoneyforthousandsofyears.Thebirdfliesbackabovethetallgrass,lookingforhumans.Whenshefindsthem,shechattersloudlytoattracttheirattention.Humansknowthatthiscallmeansthebirdisreadytoleadthemtohoney.Theygrabtheirtoolsandrunafterher.Whentheyreachthehive,thebirdsingsanewsongtosay,“Hereitis!”Atthebaseofthetree,thehumansbuildafire.Theyusesmoketocalmthebeesandbreakthehiveopenwithanaxe.Gatheringhoneycombsfrominside,theycarefullyfillbucketswithdelicioushoney.Whenthebucketsarefull,theyleavethewaxcombsonthegroundforthebird.Manytribesletthebirdeatasmuchhoneycombasthebirdlikesafterahunt.Butsome,liketheHadzainTanzaniae,onlyletthebirdeatacouplemouthfuls.Theybelievethatthiswillkeepthebirdhungryandreadytofindmorehivesforthem.Asmorepeoplemovetocities,fewerpeopleknowhowtogoonahoneyhunt.Thebirds’territoryisbecomingsmaller.Buttherearestilltribeswholovethesesmartlittlebirds.Theyknowthatbyworkingtogether,life’salittlesweeterforeveryone.8.Whichcanbestdescribethelittlebirdaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Hard-working. B.Strong-minded. C.Intelligent. D.Powerful.9.Whatroledoesthebirdplayduringtheprocessofhumans’honeyhunt?A.Ahoneyguide. B.Ahoneygatherer.C.Ahelpertocalmbees. D.Anattackeragainstbees.10.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheHadzainparagraph3?A.Theycareaboutthebird’sneedmorethanothertribes.B.Theydonotappreciatethebird’sroleinfindinghoney.C.Theyaremorepurposefulintheirpartnershipwiththebird.D.Theyaregeneroustomakethebirdeatasmuchasitdesires.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.A“Sweet”Deal B.AHuman-assistedToolC.AHuntingJourney D.ABirdKindtoHumans【答案】8.C9.A10.C11.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹東非一種小鳥與人類合作尋找蜂蜜的獨(dú)特關(guān)系及雙方的互動(dòng)模式?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Thebirdlovestoeatbeeswax(蜂蠟),butshe’stoosmalltochallengeawholecloudofbees.Luckilythislittlebirdhasasecrettoolforgettingthatdeliciousmealwithoutgettingattacked:humans!(這種鳥喜歡吃蜂蠟，但它太小了，無法挑戰(zhàn)一大群蜜蜂。幸運(yùn)的是，這只小鳥有一個(gè)秘密工具，可以讓它不被攻擊就能吃到美味的食物：人類！)”可知，這種小鳥能利用人類獲取自己無法得到的蜂蠟，體現(xiàn)了它的聰明。故選C項(xiàng)。【9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Infact,birdsofherspecieshavebeenguidingtribes(部落)inEastAfricatohoneyforthousandsofyears.(事實(shí)上，數(shù)千年來，這種鳥一直在引導(dǎo)東非的部落尋找蜂蜜。)”以及下文描述小鳥如何吸引人類注意、帶領(lǐng)人類找到蜂巢等內(nèi)容可知，小鳥在人類尋找蜂蜜的過程中扮演著“向?qū)А钡慕巧９蔬xA項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Butsome,liketheHadzainTanzania,onlyletthebirdeatacouplemouthfuls.Theybelievethatthiswillkeepthebirdhungryandreadytofindmorehivesforthem.(但有些部落，比如坦桑尼亞的哈扎人，只讓這種鳥吃幾口。他們認(rèn)為這樣可以讓鳥保持饑餓，隨時(shí)為他們找到更多的蜂巢。)”可知，哈扎人控制鳥的食量是為了讓鳥繼續(xù)為他們尋找蜂蜜，在與鳥的合作中更具目的性。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文尤其是第一段“Thebirdlovestoeatbeeswax(蜂蠟),butshe’stoosmalltochallengeawholecloudofbees.Luckilythislittlebirdhasasecrettoolforgettingthatdeliciousmealwithoutgettingattacked:humans!(這種鳥喜歡吃蜂蠟，但它太小了，無法挑戰(zhàn)一大群蜜蜂。幸運(yùn)的是，這只小鳥有一個(gè)秘密工具，可以讓它不被攻擊就能吃到美味的食物：人類！)”可知，文章主要講述了東非的小鳥與人類合作尋找蜂蜜，人類獲得蜂蜜，小鳥得到蜂蠟，這是一種“甜蜜的”交易。因此，“A“Sweet”Deal”（一筆“甜蜜”的交易）最適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。DAlandmarkstudyinvolvingChineseteenagersrevealsthatintenseheatwavessignificantlyincreasedepressionandanxietysymptoms.PublishedintheJournalofAffectiveDisorders,theresearchdemonstratesthatforeveryunitriseinheatwaveintensity—depressionriskincreasesby13%andanxiety12%.Obviously,thesepsychologicalimpactsaffectvulnerablegroupstodifferentextent.Rural(農(nóng)村的)studentsfacetwicethementalhealthburdenscomparedtourban(城市的)peers,likelyduetolimitedcoolingresourcesandoutdoorexposure.Equallystrikingisthegenderdifference;heat-exposedboysshow22%higheranxietyrisk,whilegirlsexhibitnosignificanteffect.Thisfindingisoppositetothegeneraltrendinmentalhealthresearch,wheregirlsareoftenfoundtobemorelikelytoreportsymptomslikeanxietyanddepression.Theteamidentifiedtheserisksthroughstandardizedscreenings.Roughly19%ofparticipantsmetdepressioncriteriaand16%anxietycriteriaafterstrictdatacleaning.Heatexposurewasratedusingthreedifferentdefinitionsofheatwaves.ThemajoronewastheExcessHeatFactor,whichconsidersbothshort-termtemperatureincreaseandlong-termtrends,allowingforamoredetailedunderstandingofheatwaveintensityandtheadaptationtotheclimate.Theothertwofocusedonthefrequencyofdayswithmaximumorminimumtemperatures.Toaddresstheseproblems,professorYizhenYu,leadresearcherfromHuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnology,presentssolutions:addingcoolingfacilitiesinruralschools,redesigningsportsprogramsforboysduringheatwaves,anddevelopingbreathableuniforms.However,limitationsexist—self-reportedsymptomsandinabilitytotrackindividualcopingbehaviors(應(yīng)對(duì)行為)requirelong-termfollow-up.“Mygoalistoexplorehowvariousclimaticfactors—notjustheatwaves,butalsootherclimateextremes—affectthementalhealthandbehavioraldevelopmentofteenagersinChinaandbeyond,”Yuexplained,“Climatechangeisn’tjustanenvironmentalcrisis;it’samentalhealthcrisisunfoldingamongouryouth.Protectingthemdemandsactionacrosseducation,healthcare,andclimatepolicysectors.”12.Whyarethenumbersmentionedinparagraph1?A.Topresentanissue. B.Tointroduceatopic.C.Tosupportafinding. D.Tomakeacomparison.13.Whoaremostinfluencedbyheatwavesaccordingtothenewresearch?A.Urbanboys. B.Ruralboys. C.Urbangirls. D.Ruralgirls.14.Whatcontributestoabetterunderstandingofheatwaveintensity?A.Thestandardizedscreenings. B.TheExcessHeatFactor.C.Focusingonextremetemperatures. D.Predictingthetrendofclimatechange.15.Whatdothelasttwoparagraphsimply?A.Boysshouldavoidsportsprogramsduringheatwaves.B.ProfessorYumanagestotrackindividualcopingbehaviors.C.Climatefactorsleadtobehavioraldevelopmentofteenagers.D.Jointeffortsareneededtosolveheatwave-relatedproblems.【答案】12.C13.B14.B15.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。這項(xiàng)研究揭示了中國青少年在極端高溫天氣下，抑郁和焦慮癥狀顯著增加的現(xiàn)象。研究建議通過改善農(nóng)村學(xué)校設(shè)施、調(diào)整體育活動(dòng)和校服設(shè)計(jì)等措施來緩解這一問題?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。第一段提到“AlandmarkstudyinvolvingChineseteenagersrevealsthatintenseheatwavessignificantlyincreasedepressionandanxietysymptoms.PublishedintheJournalofAffectiveDisorders,theresearchdemonstratesthatforeveryunitriseinheatwaveintensity—depressionriskincreasesby13%andanxiety12%.(一項(xiàng)涉及中國青少年的里程碑式研究表明，強(qiáng)烈的熱浪會(huì)顯著增加抑郁和焦慮癥狀。這項(xiàng)發(fā)表在《情感障礙雜志》上的研究表明，熱浪強(qiáng)度每增加一個(gè)單位，抑郁風(fēng)險(xiǎn)就會(huì)增加13%，焦慮風(fēng)險(xiǎn)就會(huì)增加12%。)”可知，強(qiáng)烈的熱浪會(huì)增加抑郁和焦慮的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，由此這里提到的數(shù)字是為了支持研究發(fā)現(xiàn)的。故選C?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Rural(農(nóng)村的)studentsfacetwicethementalhealthburdenscomparedtourban(城市的)peers,likelyduetolimitedcoolingresourcesandoutdoorexposure.Equallystrikingisthegenderdifference;heat-exposedboysshow22%higheranxietyrisk,whilegirlsexhibitnosignificanteffect.(與城市同齡人相比，農(nóng)村學(xué)生面臨兩倍的心理健康負(fù)擔(dān)，這可能是由于冷卻資源有限和戶外暴露所致。同樣引人注目的是性別差異；暴露于熱浪中的男孩焦慮風(fēng)險(xiǎn)高出22%，而女孩則沒有顯著影響。)”可知，農(nóng)村男孩受到熱浪的影響最大，他們的焦慮風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加了22%。故選B。【14題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“ThemajoronewastheExcessHeatFactor,whichconsidersbothshort-termtemperatureincreaseandlong-termtrends,allowingforamoredetailedunderstandingofheatwaveintensityandtheadaptationtotheclimate.(其中最主要的是過量熱因子，它考慮了短期溫度升高和長期趨勢，從而能夠更詳細(xì)地了解熱浪強(qiáng)度和氣候適應(yīng)情況。)”可知，過量熱因子有助于我們更好地理解熱浪的強(qiáng)度。故選B?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“However,limitationsexist—self-reportedsymptomsandinabilitytotrackindividualcopingbehaviors(應(yīng)對(duì)行為)requirelong-termfollow-up.(然而，也存在一些局限性——自我報(bào)告的癥狀以及無法追蹤個(gè)體的應(yīng)對(duì)行為，這就需要進(jìn)行長期的跟蹤觀察。)”以及最后一段中“Yuexplained,“Climatechangeisn’tjustanenvironmentalcrisis;it’samentalhealthcrisisunfoldingamongouryouth.Protectingthemdemandsactionacrosseducation,healthcare,andclimatepolicysectors.”(于先生解釋道：“氣候變化不僅是一場環(huán)境危機(jī)，更是一場正在我們年輕人當(dāng)中蔓延的心理健康危機(jī)。保護(hù)他們需要在教育、醫(yī)療以及氣候政策等領(lǐng)域采取行動(dòng)?！?”可知，最后兩段暗示了解決與熱浪相關(guān)的問題需要多部門，多個(gè)領(lǐng)域的共同努力。因此，選項(xiàng)D“Jointeffortsareneededtosolveheatwave-relatedproblems.(需要共同努力來解決與熱浪相關(guān)的問題)”符合題意。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Inmodernlife,mentalinternalfriction(精神內(nèi)耗)isundoubtedlyanimportantfactoraffectingourefficiencyandhappiness.However,throughactivestrategiesandself-adjustment,wecanreducethisinternalfrictionandimproveourfocusandproductivity.____16____Thecausesofinternalfrictionareoftenhiddeninthinkingpatternsandemotionalreactions.First,weneedtorealizethatself-doubtisoneimportantfactorcausingmentalfatigue.Whenwedoubtourabilities,wecontinuetoengageinnegativeself-evaluation,whichonlydeepensthecycleofpressure.Second,excessivecomparison,causedbyexistingsocialmedia,isalsoareasonthatcannotbeignored.____17____.Ifwedon’tdealwithpastunhappinessortraumas(創(chuàng)傷)properly,theymaytriggerintensediscomfortdeepinsideus.ManagetimeandenergyEffectivetimemanagementisimportanttointernalfrictionreduction.Wecanachieveitbysettingcleargoalsandavoidingbeingdistractedbytrivialmatters(瑣事).____18____.Apartfromtimemanagement,weneedtolearnhowtoprotectourenergy.Thisincludesidentifyingthosepeopleorthingsthatmaydrain(消耗)ourenergy.Additionally,self-reflectionisapartthatcannotbeignored.____19____.ImprovementaltoughnessMentaltoughnessenablesustoremaincalm,analyzeproblemsrationally,andfindsolutionsfacedwithdifficulties.Wecanincreaseourmentaltoughnessbysettingcleargoals,acceptingfailureandviewingitasawaytosuccessaswellasaskingforadvicefromothers.____20____.Forexample,takingafewminuteseachdaytopracticedeepbreathingexercisesordoingsomestretchingbetweenclassescanhelprelievestress.A.IdentifytherootB.Stopself-doubtandcomparisonC.SettingcleargoalsisessentialfortheteamD.TrysomesimplebuteffectivewaystoadjustsmalldetailsE.Wecanalsousetoolsliketo-doliststomanageourschedulesF.Besides,unresolvedemotionalissuesmayalsoresultininternalfrictionG.Wecanreviewourprogressandchallengestolearnfromthemfrequently【答案】16.A17.F18.E19.G20.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了如何減少精神內(nèi)耗、提高效率和幸福感?！?6題詳析】上文提到“However,throughactivestrategiesandself-adjustment,wecanreducethisinternalfrictionandimproveourfocusandproductivity.(然而，通過積極的策略和自我調(diào)節(jié)，我們可以減少精神內(nèi)耗，提高我們的專注力和生產(chǎn)力。)”說明了我們可以通過某些方法來減少精神內(nèi)耗。同時(shí)根據(jù)后文“Thecausesofinternalfrictionareoftenhiddeninthinkingpatternsandemotionalreactions.

(精神內(nèi)耗產(chǎn)生的原因往往隱藏在思維模式和情緒反應(yīng)之中。)”可知，精神內(nèi)耗的根源往往是隱藏的；同時(shí)本段論述了精神內(nèi)耗的多方面根源即自我懷疑、過渡比較以及未解決的情緒問題，由此A選項(xiàng)“Identifytheroot(找出根源)”作為本段小標(biāo)題，指出了要減少精神內(nèi)耗首先需要識(shí)別其根源，概括本段段旨。故選A?！?7題詳析】上文提到“Second,excessivecomparison,causedbyexistingsocialmedia,isalsoareasonthatcannotbeignored.(第二，由現(xiàn)有社交媒體引起的過度比較也是一個(gè)不容忽視的原因。)”說明了過度比較是精神內(nèi)耗的一個(gè)原因。F選項(xiàng)“Besides,unresolvedemotionalissuesmayalsoresultininternalfriction(此外，未解決的情緒問題也可能導(dǎo)致精神內(nèi)耗)”中的“Besides”表示除了上文提到的過度比較外，還有其他原因，即未解決的情緒問題，這與上文的邏輯相符，且為下文“Ifwedon’tdealwithpastunhappinessortraumas(創(chuàng)傷)properly,theymaytriggerintensediscomfortdeepinsideus.(如果我們不能妥善處理過去的不快樂或創(chuàng)傷，它們可能會(huì)在我們內(nèi)心深處引發(fā)強(qiáng)烈的不適。)”做了鋪墊。故選F?！?8題詳析】上文提到“Wecanachieveitbysettingcleargoalsandavoidingbeingdistractedbytrivialmatters(瑣事).(我們可以通過設(shè)定明確的目標(biāo)和避免被瑣事分散注意力來實(shí)現(xiàn)它。)”說明了有效時(shí)間管理的一個(gè)方法。E選項(xiàng)“Wecanalsousetoolsliketo-doliststomanageourschedules(我們還可以使用待辦事項(xiàng)列表等工具來管理我們的日程)”中的“also”表示除了上文提到的方法外，還有其他方法，即使用待辦事項(xiàng)列表等工具來管理日程，這與上文的邏輯相符，且進(jìn)一步豐富了有效時(shí)間管理的方法。故選E?！?9題詳析】上文提到“Additionally,self-reflectionisapartthatcannotbeignored.(此外，自我反思是一個(gè)不可忽視的部分。)”說明了自我反思的重要性。G選項(xiàng)“Wecanreviewourprogressandchallengestolearnfromthemfrequently(我們可以經(jīng)?；仡櫸覀兊倪M(jìn)步和挑戰(zhàn)，從中學(xué)習(xí))”中的“reviewourprogressandchallenges”與上文的“self-reflection”相呼應(yīng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)了自我反思包括回顧自己的進(jìn)步和挑戰(zhàn)，并從中學(xué)習(xí)，這與上文的邏輯相符。故選G?！?0題詳析】上文提到“Wecanincreaseourmentaltoughnessbysettingcleargoals,acceptingfailureandviewingitasawaytosuccessaswellasaskingforadvicefromothers.(我們可以通過設(shè)定明確的目標(biāo)、接受失敗并將其視為成功的一種方式以及向他人尋求建議來增加我們的心理韌性。)”說明了增加心理韌性的方法。D選項(xiàng)“Trysomesimplebuteffectivewaystoadjustsmalldetails(嘗試一些簡單而有效的方法來調(diào)整細(xì)節(jié))”提出了除了上文提到的方法外，還可以通過嘗試一些簡單有效的方法來調(diào)整細(xì)節(jié)來增加心理韌性，這與上文的邏輯相連，且為下文具體闡述這些方法做了鋪墊。例如，“takingafewminuteseachdaytopracticedeepbreathingexercisesordoingsomestretchingbetweenclassescanhelprelievestress.(每天花幾分鐘時(shí)間練習(xí)深呼吸或課間做一些拉伸運(yùn)動(dòng)可以幫助緩解壓力。)”就是調(diào)整細(xì)節(jié)的一種簡單而有效的方法。故選D。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共三節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Whatdoesittaketohavecourage(勇氣)toactinthefaceofdanger?Whileboogieboarding(趴板沖浪)inthe____21____onafamilyvacation,Travis,18,noticedamotherandchild____22____indeepwater.Asatrainedlifeguard,hejumpedinto____23____.Hesawthemomandkidgoingunderwaterandgettingpulledoutwiththestrong____24____,soheyelled,“Areyouallright?”Thewomanshoutedno,soheswamtowardthemwithhis____25____.He’dbeeninthewaterforafewhoursandwasalittletired,buthisadrenaline(腎上腺素)wasgoingsohard.He____26____tohimself,“Itisindeedfrightening.ButIhadlittletime.Ijusthadtogo.”Hegavethemomhisboardandswamashardashecouldtotheboy,whohadgoneunderafewtimes.Hegotbeneathhimandhadhim____27____.Acoupleoftimesthewaves____28____overtheirheadsastheymadetheirwaytoshore,whichwaspretty____29____.Toeveryone’sdelight,he____30____it.Afterthe____31____,hesaid,“Idon’tthinkI’mahero.IthinkIwasputintherightplaceattherighttime.Thistaughtmethatlifeisvaluableandcanbe____32____atanypoint.Andatthatverymoment,Irealizedhowpowerfulandunpredictable____33____canbe.”Inourdailylife,whenwe____34____momentsofpanic,wecandrawstrengthfromTravisandmoveforward____35____.21.A.countryside B.stream C.pond D.ocean22.A.interacting B.playing C.exploring D.struggling23.A.conclusion B.sight C.action D.air24.A.winds B.waves C.support D.power25.A.board B.rope C.arms D.glasses26.A.sang B.came C.shouted D.thought27.A.float B.sink C.disappear D.swim28.A.flew B.ran C.broke D.stopped29.A.annoying B.exciting C.scary D.smooth30.A.held B.made C.saved D.got31.A.rescue B.attempt C.failure D.disaster32.A.wornaway B.putaway C.thrownaway D.takenaway33.A.belief B.nature C.behavior D.future34.A.encounter B.remember C.imagine D.overcome35.A.toughly B.bravely C.independently D.calmly【答案】21.D22.D23.C24.B25.A26.D27.A28.C29.C30.B31.A32.D33.B34.A35.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了18歲的特拉維斯在海邊度假時(shí)，勇敢救起一對(duì)遇險(xiǎn)母子的故事。【21題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：18歲的特拉維斯在家庭度假時(shí)在海洋里趴板沖浪，他注意到一位母親和孩子在深水里掙扎。A.countryside鄉(xiāng)村；B.stream小溪；C.pond池塘；D.ocean海洋。根據(jù)前文“Whileboogieboarding(趴板沖浪)”可知，沖浪應(yīng)該在海洋里。故選D?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：18歲的特拉維斯在家庭度假時(shí)在海洋里趴板沖浪，他注意到一位母親和孩子在深水里掙扎。A.interacting互動(dòng)；B.playing玩；C.exploring探索；D.struggling掙扎。根據(jù)后文“indeepwater”可知，在深水里，母親和孩子應(yīng)該是在掙扎。故選D?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一名訓(xùn)練有素的救生員，他跳入水中。A.conclusion結(jié)論；B.sight視力；C.action行動(dòng)；D.air空氣。根據(jù)前文“Asatrainedlifeguard”可知，作為救生員，看到有人溺水，他跳入水中采取行動(dòng)。jumpintoaction“采取行動(dòng)”，固定短語。故選C。【24題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他看到媽媽和孩子在水下，被強(qiáng)烈的海浪卷走，于是他喊道：“你們沒事吧？”A.winds風(fēng)；B.waves海浪；C.support支持；D.power力量。根據(jù)前文“Hesawthemomandkidgoingunderwater”可知，媽媽和孩子在水下，應(yīng)該是被海浪卷走了。故選B?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那位女士大聲說“不好（有危險(xiǎn)）”，于是他帶著自己的沖浪板向他們游了過去。A.board沖浪板；B.rope繩子；C.arms胳膊；D.glasses眼鏡。根據(jù)后文“Hegavethemomhisboard”可知，特拉維斯把自己的沖浪板給了媽媽，所以此處是他帶著沖浪板向他們游去。故選A。【26題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他心里想：“這真的很可怕。但我沒有多少時(shí)間了。我必須得去了?！盇.sang唱；B.came來；C.shouted喊；D.thought想。根據(jù)后文“Itisindeedfrightening.ButIhadlittletime.Ijusthadtogo.”可知，這是特拉維斯心里想的。故選D?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他潛到男孩下面，讓他浮起來。A.float漂?。籅.sink下沉；C.disappear消失；D.swim游泳。根據(jù)前文“Hegotbeneathhim”可知，特拉維斯?jié)摰侥泻⑾旅?，目的是讓男孩浮起來。故選A?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他們向岸邊游去時(shí)，海浪幾次漫過他們的頭頂，這相當(dāng)可怕。A.flew飛；B.ran跑；C.broke打破；D.stopped停止。根據(jù)后文“overtheirheads”可知，海浪應(yīng)該是漫過他們的頭頂。breakover“漫過，沖過”，固定短語。故選C?！?9題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他們向岸邊游去時(shí)，海浪幾次漫過他們的頭頂，這相當(dāng)可怕。A.annoying煩人的；B.exciting令人興奮的；C.scary可怕的；D.smooth順利的。根據(jù)前文“Acoupleoftimesthewavesovertheirheads”可知，海浪幾次漫過他們的頭頂，這是相當(dāng)可怕的。故選C?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：令大家高興的是，他成功了。A.held握??；B.made制作，成功；C.saved拯救；D.got得到。根據(jù)前文“Toeveryone’sdelight”可知，特拉維斯成功地把男孩救到了岸邊。makeit“成功做到”，固定短語。故選B?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：救援結(jié)束后，他說：“我不認(rèn)為自己是英雄。我認(rèn)為我在正確的時(shí)間被安排在了正確的地點(diǎn)。這讓我明白，生命是寶貴的，隨時(shí)都可能被奪走。就在那一刻，我意識(shí)到自然是多么強(qiáng)大和不可預(yù)測?！盇.rescue救援；B.attempt嘗試；C.failure失敗；D.disaster災(zāi)難。根據(jù)前文“Toeveryone’sdelight,he

it.”可知，特拉維斯成功地把男孩救到了岸邊，所以此處指救援結(jié)束后。故選A。【32題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意同上。A.wornaway磨損；B.putaway收起來；C.thrownaway扔掉；D.takenaway奪走。根據(jù)前文“l(fā)ifeisvaluable”以及“Andatthatverymoment,Irealizedhowpowerfulandunpredictable”可知，人在大自然勉強(qiáng)是脆弱的，可能隨時(shí)被奪走。故選D?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.belief信仰；B.nature自然；C.behavior行為；D.future未來。根據(jù)前文“Acoupleoftimesthewavesovertheirheadsastheymadetheirwaytoshore”可知，特拉維斯在海洋里救人，海浪等屬于自然現(xiàn)象，所以此處指自然的力量是強(qiáng)大和不可預(yù)測的。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在我們的日常生活中，當(dāng)我們遇到恐慌的時(shí)刻，我們可以從特拉維斯身上汲取力量，勇敢地前進(jìn)。A.encounter遭遇，遇到；B.remember記得；C.imagine想象；D.overcome克服。根據(jù)后文“momentsofpanic”可知，此處指遇到恐慌的時(shí)刻。故選A。【35題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.toughly堅(jiān)韌地；B.bravely勇敢地；C.independently獨(dú)立地；D.calmly冷靜地。根據(jù)前文“wecandrawstrengthfromTravis”可知，特拉維斯的行為是勇敢的，此處指從他身上學(xué)習(xí)，勇敢面對(duì)困難。故選B。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)句意、漢語提示或首字母填空，每空不超過3個(gè)單詞。注意：請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上寫全單詞或詞組。Andnow,howcanIlookbackupontheimpressionleftuponmebythatwalkunderthewaters?Wordsarenotenough____36____(relate)suchwonders.CaptainNemowalkedinfront,oneofhismenfollowingsomestepsbehind.ConseilandIremainedneareachother,asifanexchangeofwordshadbeenpossiblethroughourmetalcases.Inolongerfeltthe____37____(weigh)ofmyclothes,orofmyshoes,ofmyairsupply,ormythickhelmet,insidewhichmyhead____38____(shake)likeanutinitsshell.Thelight,whichlitthesoilthirtyfeetbelowthesurfaceoftheocean,____39____(astonish)mebyitspower.Thesolarraysshonethroughthewaterymasseasily,andconsumedallcolour,andIclearlydistinguishedobjectsata____40____(距離)orahundredandfiftyyards.Beyondthatthecolours____41____(dark)intofineshadesofdeepblue,and____42____(gradual)disappeared.Trulythiswaterwhich____43____(surround)mewasbutanotherairheavierthantheEarth’satmosphere,butalmostasclear.Abovemewasthecalmsurfaceofthesea.Wewerewalkingonfine,evensand,notwrinkledasonaflatshore,whichkeepstheimpressionofthewaves.Thisdazzlingcarpet,reallyareflector,droveawaytheraysofthesunwithwonderfulintensitywhicha____44____(解釋；是……的原因)thevibrationwhichpassedthrougheveryatomofliquid.ShallIbebelievedwhenIsaythat,atthe_____45_____(deep)ofthirtyfeet,Icouldseeasifitwasinbroaddaylight?【答案】36.torelate37.weight38.shook39.astonished40.distance41.darkened42.gradually43.surrounded44.accountedfor45.depth【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。本文簡單介紹了作者在海底漫步時(shí)所見的奇妙景象