1、ORACLE的控制文件是數(shù)據(jù)庫的非常重要的文件，它保存著數(shù)據(jù)庫的連接實例(instanee)和database的一個橋梁，它定義了當(dāng)前數(shù)據(jù)庫物理信息的狀態(tài)。因此控制文件對于一個數(shù)據(jù)庫來說是非常重要的，在某些時候我們需要重新創(chuàng)建控制文件：1。當(dāng)控制文件丟失的時候，并且沒有最近的文件Copy備份(一般在建庫完成后的生成一個創(chuàng)建ControlFile的的腳本)。2。需要修改數(shù)據(jù)庫初始物理信息，如Log文件數(shù)量，數(shù)據(jù)文件的數(shù)量等，這些信息是在建庫的時候?qū)懺贑ontrolFIle里的，如果需要修改，可以通過重建ControlFile來調(diào)整。以下是一種較好的重建控制文件的方法:在重建Contrl前，建議備

2、份數(shù)據(jù)庫中的數(shù)據(jù)，以防不測。sqlplus/nologSQLeonneet/assysdbalSQLalterdatabasebackupcontrolfiletotrace;備份創(chuàng)建控制文件的腳本到TRC文件在$ORACLE_HOME/admin/SID/udump下可找到最新生成的TRACE文件，如ora_23456.trc，此文件就包含了當(dāng)前控制文件的參數(shù)及生成語法。提取ora_23456.trc中有關(guān)控制文件生成的語句另存為recreatctl.sql。recreatctl.sql的內(nèi)容為：STARTUPNOMOUNTCREATECONTROLFILEREUSEDATABASEORCL

3、NORESETLOGSNOARCHIVELOGMAXLOGFILES32MAXLOGMEMBERS2MAXDATAFILES50MAXINSTANCES8MAXLOGHISTORY800LOGFILEGROUP1/dev/vg00/roraredoa1SIZE10M,GROUP2/dev/vg00/roraredoa2SIZE10M,GROUP3/dev/vg00/roraredoa3SIZE10MDATAFILE/dev/vg00/rorclsys,/dev/vg00/rorclrbs,/dev/vg00/rorcltemp,/dev/vg00/rorcltools,/dev/vg00/ro

4、rcluser5如果需要修改，可按自己的需要編輯creatctl.sql中的參數(shù)，如maxdatafiles、maxinstances等。sqlplus/nologSQLconnect/assysdbaSQLshutdownimmediateSQLrecreatctl.sqlSQLalterdatabaseopen;重新建控制文件完畢?？刂莆募τ跀?shù)據(jù)庫來說是非常重要的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)，在進行數(shù)據(jù)恢復(fù)時通常是必不可少的.Oracle提供兩種方式備份控制文件：生成可以重建控制文件的腳本備份二進制的控制文件我們看一下如何獲得可以重建控制文件的腳本.Oracle提供如下命令:實際操作:trace文件內(nèi)容:#

5、ThefollowingarecurrentSystem-scopeREDOLogArchivalrelated#parametersandcanbeincludedinthedatabaseinitializationfile.#LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST=#LOG_ARCHIVE_DUPLEX_DEST=#LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT=%t_%s.dbf#REMOTE_ARCHIVE_ENABLE=TRUE#LOG_ARCHIVE_START=TRUE#LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=2#STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=MANUAL#STA

6、NDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST=?/dbs/arch#FAL_CLIENT=#FAL_SERVER=#LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1=LOCATION=/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive#LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1=OPTIONALREOPEN=300NODELAY#LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1=ARCHNOAFFIRMSYNC#LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1=REGISTERNOALTERNATENODEPENDENCY#LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1=NOMAX_FAILURENOQUOTA_SIZENOQUOTA

7、_USED#LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE#BelowaretwosetsofSQLstatements,eachofwhichcreatesanew#controlfileandusesittoopenthedatabase.Thefirstsetopens#thedatabasewiththeNORESETLOGSoptionandshouldbeusedonlyif#thecurrentversionsofallonlinelogsareavailable.Thesecond#setopensthedatabasewiththeRESETLOGSoptio

8、nandshouldbeused#ifonlinelogsareunavailable.#Theappropriatesetofstatementscanbecopiedfromthetraceinto#ascriptfile,editedasnecessary,andexecutedwhenthereisa#needtore-createthecontrolfile.#Set#1.NORESETLOGScase#Thefollowingcommandswillcreateanewcontrolfileanduseit#toopenthedatabase.#Datausedbytherecov

9、erymanagerwillbelost.Additionallogsmay#berequiredformediarecoveryofofflinedatafiles.Usethis#onlyifthecurrentversionofallonlinelogsareavailable.STARTUPNOMOUNTCREATECONTROLFILEREUSEDATABASEPRIMARYNORESETLOGSARCHIVELOG-SETSTANDBYTOMAXIMIZEPERFORMANCEMAXLOGFILES5MAXLOGMEMBERS3MAXDATAFILES100MAXINSTANCES

10、1MAXLOGHISTORY226LOGFILEGROUP1/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/redo01.logSIZE10M,GROUP2/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/redo02.logSIZE10M,GROUP3/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/redo03.logSIZE10M-STANDBYLOGFILEDATAFILE/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/system01.dbf,/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/undotbs01.dbf,/opt/oracle/ora

11、data/primary/users01.dbfCHARACTERSETZHS16GBK7#Recoveryisrequiredifanyofthedatafilesarerestoredbackups,#orifthelastshutdownwasnotnormalorimmediate.RECOVERDATABASE#Alllogsneedarchivingandalogswitchisneeded.ALTERSYSTEMARCHIVELOGALL;#Databasecannowbeopenednormally.ALTERDATABASEOPEN;#Commandstoaddtempfil

12、estotemporarytablespaces.#Onlinetempfileshavecompletespaceinformation.#Othertempfilesmayrequireadjustment.ALTERTABLESPACETEMPADDTEMPFILE/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/temp01.dbfSIZE41943040REUSEAUTOEXTENDONNEXT655360MAXSIZE32767M;#Endoftempfileadditions.#Set#2.RESETLOGScase#Thefollowingcommandswillcrea

13、teanewcontrolfileanduseit#toopenthedatabase.#Thecontentsofonlinelogswillbelostandallbackupswill#beinvalidated.Usethisonlyifonlinelogsaredamaged.STARTUPNOMOUNTCREATECONTROLFILEREUSEDATABASEPRIMARYRESETLOGSARCHIVELOG-SETSTANDBYTOMAXIMIZEPERFORMANCEMAXLOGFILES5MAXLOGMEMBERS3MAXDATAFILES100MAXINSTANCES1

14、MAXLOGHISTORY226LOGFILE910編輯這個trace文件，我們就可以獲得創(chuàng)建控制文件的腳本.根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)庫不同狀況，你可以選擇是使用RESETLOGS/NORESETLOGS來重建控制文件.我們獲得以下腳本:oraclestandbytools$catcreatectlf.sqlSTARTUPNOMOUNTCREATECONTROLFILEREUSEDATABASEPRIMARYNORESETLOGSARCHIVELOG-SETSTANDBYTOMAXIMIZEPERFORMANCEMAXLOGFILES5MAXLOGMEMBERS3MAXDATAFILES100MAXINSTA

15、NCES1MAXLOGHISTORY226LOGFILEGROUP1/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/redo01.logSIZE10M,GROUP2/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/redo02.logSIZE10M,GROUP3/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/redo03.logSIZE10M-STANDBYLOGFILE910DATAFILE/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/system01.dbf,/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/undotbs01.dbf,/opt/ora

16、cle/oradata/primary/users01.dbfCHARACTERSETZHS16GBK;RECOVERDATABASEALTERSYSTEMARCHIVELOGALL;ALTERDATABASEOPEN;ALTERTABLESPACETEMPADDTEMPFILE/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/temp01.dbfSIZE41943040REUSEAUTOEXTENDONNEXT655360MAXSIZE32767M;運行這個腳本即可重建控制文件:oraclestandbytools$sqlplus/assysdbaSQL*Plus:Release9.2

17、.0.4.0-ProductiononSatOct1609:20:242004Copyright(c)1982,2002,OracleCorporation.Allrightsreserved.Connectedtoanidleinstance.SQLsetechoonSQLcreatectlfSQLSTARTUPNOMOUNTORACLEinstancestarted.TotalSystemGlobalArea135337420bytesFixedSizeVariableSizeDatabaseBuffersRedoBuffers452044bytes109051904bytes251658

18、24bytes667648bytes910SQLCREATECONTROLFILEREUSEDATABASEPRIMARYNORESETLOGSARCHIVELOGSETSTANDBYTOMAXIMIZEPERFORMANCEMAXLOGFILES5MAXLOGMEMBERS3MAXDATAFILES100MAXINSTANCES1MAXLOGHISTORY226LOGFILEGROUP1/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/redo01.logSIZE10M,GROUP2/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/redo02.logSIZE10M,GROUP3/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/redo03.logSIZ