計(jì)算機(jī)專業(yè)英語(yǔ) 一 Vocabulary 詞匯 一 TranslatethefollowingwordsandexpressionsintoChinese 寫出下列詞組的漢語(yǔ) 1 database2 flat filedatabase3 relationaldatabase4 datastructure5 builtin6 coding7 machinelanguage8 propertywindow 1 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)2 平面文件數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)3 關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)4 數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)5 內(nèi)嵌的 固有的6 寫代碼 編碼7 機(jī)器語(yǔ)言8 屬性窗口 9 softwarecrisis10 objectmodel11 blackboxtesting12 whiteboxtesting13 bug14 softwaremaintenance15 RequirementsAnalysis Specification 9 軟件危機(jī)10 對(duì)象模型11 黑盒測(cè)試12 白盒測(cè)試13 錯(cuò)誤14 軟件維護(hù)15 需求分析和說(shuō)明 一 Vocabulary 詞匯 二 FillintheblankswiththecorrespondingEnglishabbreviations 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)寫出相應(yīng)的英語(yǔ)縮寫 1 結(jié)構(gòu)化查詢語(yǔ)言2 關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理系統(tǒng)3 集成開發(fā)環(huán)境4 多文檔界面5 單文檔界面6 面向?qū)ο蠓治? 面向?qū)ο笤O(shè)計(jì)8 面向?qū)ο蟪绦?1 SQL2 RDBMS3 IDE4 MDL5 SDI6 OOA7 OOD8 OOP 一 Vocabulary 詞匯 三 TranslatethefollowingwordsintoEnglish 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)寫出相應(yīng)的英語(yǔ) 1 客戶機(jī) 服務(wù)器2 二維的3 點(diǎn)擊鼠標(biāo)右鍵4 調(diào)試程序5 高級(jí)語(yǔ)言6 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)版7 代碼窗口8 軟件生命周期9 軟件測(cè)試10 數(shù)據(jù)流圖 client server rightclick high levellanguage codewindow twodimensional debugtheprogram standardedition softwarelifecycle data flowdiagram softwaretesting 二 Tellwhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue T orfalse F 判斷正誤 F 1 Client serverdatabasesystemisnolongerinusenow 2 F1at filestyleofdatabaseissuitableforlargeamountsofdata 3 SQLServercanallowmanyuserstovisitthedatabaseatthesametime 4 Maintenanceofprogramsisnotasimportantasthedevelopment 5 High levellanguageispopular becauseitisdirectlyexecutableincomputerwithoutcompiling T F F F 6 Therearevariouslanguagesforhumans whereas 然而 thereisonlyoneprogramminglanguageforcomputer 7 ThewindowsthataredisplayedwhenyoustartVBareknownastheVisualBasicIntegratedDevelopmentEnvironment IDE 8 softwareengineeringcoversnotonlythetechnicalaspectsofbuildingsoftwaresystems butalsomanagementissues 9 OODisthestageofcreationandOOPisanimplementationstage 10 Whiteboxtestingrequiresthetestertohaveknowledgeoftheinternalstructure T F T T T 三 Matchthefollowingwordsandexpressionsintheleftcolumnwiththosesimilarinmeaningintherightcolumn 連線題 一 1 DBMSa 結(jié)構(gòu)化查詢語(yǔ)言2 relationaldatabaseb 維護(hù)3 SQL StructuredQueryLanguage c 高級(jí)語(yǔ)言4 compiletheprogramd 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理系統(tǒng)5 high levellanguagee 多文檔界面6 MDI Multi DocumentInterface f 關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)7 Maintenanceg 編譯程序8 Object orientedDesign OOD h 軟件測(cè)試9 softwaretestingi 黑盒測(cè)試10 blackboxtestingj 面向?qū)ο笤O(shè)計(jì) 1 d2 f3 a4 g5 c6 e7 b8 j9 h10 i 二 1 machinelanguagea 調(diào)試2 assemblylanguageb 功能測(cè)試3 debuggingc 窗體4 functionaltestingd 匯編語(yǔ)言5 whiteboxtestinge 機(jī)器語(yǔ)言6 formf 白盒測(cè)試7 projectwindowg 表記錄8 fieldh 結(jié)構(gòu)化程序設(shè)計(jì)9 structuredprogrammingi 工程窗口10 tablerecordj 字段 1 e2 d3 a4 b5 f6 c7 i8 j9 h10 g 四 Fillintheblankswithsuitablewordsorexpressionsfromthelistgivenbelow andchangetheformwherenecessary 從下面方框中選擇合適的詞或表達(dá) 以其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?systemgroupdimensionalnamedesigncataloglocationright LikemanyotherRDBMSs SQLServerusestwotablestostoredata Thesetablesarecalledordictionaries hisasecuresystemandallowyoutoassigntoindividualusers Bydefault ituseatodistinguishamongdifferentSQLSevers Tocreateanewdatabase youneedtospecifya Andyoumayalsochangetheofthedatabaseduringthisprocess Anewdatabasecomeswithover10tables Tocreateanewtable youcanuseatablewindow dimensional catalogs rights group name location system design Aprogramminglanguage designedtothecommunicationbetweenhumanandcomputers isafordescribingcomputationinreadableform Thereare3levelsofprogramminglanguages theyare whichcanberundirectlybycomputer and Therearedifferenthigh levelprogramminglanguages Fortunately mustofthemhavemanykindsofincommonandvaryonlyinthewaythatthesemustbe Therefore firstthingtobedecidedaboutataskistochoosewhichprogramminglanguageisbestsuitedforthejob high levellanguageassemblylanguagewrittenmachinelanguagefacilitatenotationconstruct facilitate notation machinelanguage assemblylanguage high levellanguage constructs written Softwaretesting whichisdefinedastheexecutionofaprogramtofindits isavitalpartofthesoftwarelifecycle Therearedifferenttypesoftesting mainly theyareorfunctionaltesting whichtestswhethertheistheexpectedresultwiththeinput andwhichisperformedtoproblemswiththestructureofaprogram Debuggingistheprocessofanalyzingandlocatingbugswhensoftwaredoesnotbehaveasexpected Softwaretestingisamuchmoremeansofidentifyingsoftware Therefore debuggingsupportstestingotherthanreplacingtesting blackboxtestinginternalbugthoroughrevealoutputfaultsvalidwhiteboxtesting faults blackboxtesting valid output whiteboxtesting reveal internal thorough bugs 五 Translation 翻譯 一 TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese 將下列句子翻譯成漢語(yǔ) 1 Adatabasesystemisasoftwaresystemwhichcanmanageadatabasestoredincomputerfiles 2 Relationaldatabasesalsohavefunctions builtin thathelpthemtoget sortandeditthedatainmanydifferentways 譯 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)系統(tǒng)是一類軟件系統(tǒng) 可以管理用計(jì)算機(jī)文件形式存放的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) 譯 關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)還具有 內(nèi)置 的功能幫助其用多種方式獲取 排序和編輯數(shù)據(jù) 3 SQLServerisdesignedtoallowthousandsofuserstoaccessthedatabaseatthesametimeandisatrueclient serverdatabasesystem 4 Duringthelastfewyears ithasbeenrealizedthatmaintenanceofprogramsismoreexpensivethandevelopment SOreadingofprogramsbyhumansisasimportantaswritingthem 5 Programminglanguagesaredesignedtofacilitatethecommunicationbetweenhumanandcomputers 譯 SQLServer被設(shè)計(jì)為充許數(shù)千用戶同時(shí)訪問(wèn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) 并且是真正的客戶機(jī) 服務(wù)器數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)系統(tǒng) 譯 在最近的幾年中 人們已經(jīng)意識(shí)到程序的維護(hù)比程序的開發(fā)更昂貴 因此程序的閱讀和書寫一樣重要 譯 程序設(shè)計(jì)語(yǔ)言用于使人類和計(jì)算機(jī)之間的交流更容易 6 Fortunatelymostprogramminglanguageshavemanykindsofconstructsincommonandvaryonlyinthewaythatthesemustbewritten 7 Someapplications suchasWord allowforseveralwindowsinaspecialmodecalledMDIinwhichyoucanopenmultipledocumentswithinthesameapplication 8 Fordevelopingasoftwareproduct thedevelopmentprocessisdividedinto5stages RequirementsAnalysis Specification Design Coding Testing andMaintenance 譯 幸運(yùn)的是大多數(shù)的程序語(yǔ)言有很多種相同架構(gòu) 只是在書寫的方式上有所不同 譯 一些應(yīng)用程序 如Word 允許一些表單窗口使用MDI模式 使你能夠在一個(gè)軟件中打開多個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)文檔 譯 開發(fā)一個(gè)軟件產(chǎn)品 開發(fā)過(guò)程分為5步 需求分析和說(shuō)明 設(shè)計(jì) 編碼 測(cè)試和維護(hù) 9 Object orientationmayincreaseproductivitybecauseOOAandOOD ifdonecorrectly resultinproductsthatarecleaner moreunderstandable andeasiertoimplementandtest 10 Functionaltestingtestswhethertheoutputistheexpectedresultwiththevalidinput 譯 面向?qū)ο蠓椒梢蕴岣呱a(chǎn)效率是因?yàn)槊嫦驅(qū)ο蠓治龊驮O(shè)計(jì) 如果正確執(zhí)行了面向?qū)ο蠓椒?可以產(chǎn)生出更清晰 更易理解 更容易實(shí)現(xiàn)和測(cè)試的軟件 譯 功能測(cè)試是檢查使用有效的輸入是否能得到所期望的輸出 二 TranslatethefollowingparagraphsintoChinese 將下列各段翻譯成漢語(yǔ) 1 SQLServerisaRDBMS RelationalDatabaseManagementSystem madebyMicrosoft Thismeansthatthedataisstoredintwodimensionaltables RDBMSsa11havetablescalledcatalogsordictionariesthatcontaininformationabouttheparticulardatabases SQLServerisdesignedtoallowthousandsofuserstoaccessthedatabaseatthesametimeandisatrueclient serverdatabasesystem ItismuchmoresecurethanAccess Rightscanbeassignedtoindividualusersandadministrators Forexampleyoucansetuponeuserthatcanonlyinsertdatainthedatabasebutcannotdeleteany 譯 SQLServer是Microsoft開發(fā)的關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理系統(tǒng) 這意味著數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)在二維的表中 關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)管理系統(tǒng)都具有被稱為目錄或字典的表 其中包含待定數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的信息 SQLServer被設(shè)計(jì)為允許數(shù)千用戶同時(shí)訪問(wèn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) 并且是真正的客戶機(jī) 服務(wù)器數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)系統(tǒng) 比Access更加安全 可以為個(gè)別用戶和管理員分配權(quán)限 例如您可以設(shè)置某個(gè)用戶只能在數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中插入數(shù)據(jù) 而不能刪除任何數(shù)據(jù) 2 Ahigh levellanguageisanartificiallanguagewithwhichwecanwritevariousinstruction Thisispossiblenotbecausecomputerprocessorsarenowsotechnologicallyadvancedthattheycan understand theselanguages Youshouldtranslatefromprogramminglanguagesintomachinelanguagewhichcanbeunderstoodbythecomputerprocessors Compilerscanaccomplishthistask Thisdoesmeanthatahigh levellanguageprogramisnotdirectlyexecutable itmustbecompiledtoproduceprocessorprogram whichisexecutable 譯 高級(jí)語(yǔ)言是一種人造語(yǔ)言 使用它我們可以寫不同的指令 這成為可能不是因?yàn)橛?jì)算機(jī)處理器的技術(shù)如今是如此先進(jìn)以至于它們可以理解這些語(yǔ)言 你需要將這些語(yǔ)言翻譯成計(jì)算機(jī)處理器能夠理解的機(jī)器語(yǔ)言 編譯器能夠完成這項(xiàng)工作 這就意味著高級(jí)語(yǔ)言程序不是直接可執(zhí)行的 它必