9BU32023年牛津譯林版初中英語單元知識點一遍過

（江蘇專用）

過單詞短語

1.ordervt.命令，點菜

ordersb.todoslh.命令某人做某事

n.命令receiveanordertodosth.收到做某事的命令

n.訂單（可數(shù)）

....n.順序keep....inorder使...保持井然有序

短語：inordertodo為了做某事inorder+that從句為了...

2.smoothlyadv.平整地，順利地

變形：smoothersmooth

3.ingeneral總得來說，大體上=generallyspeaking

一般放在開頭：Ingeneral,youhavemademuchprogress.

4.satisfyvt.使?jié)M意，滿足

短語：satisfyone'sneeds滿足...的需求sth.satisfysb.某物使某人滿意

變形：satisfiedadj.感到滿意的besatisfiedwith對...感到滿意的

satisfyingadj.令人滿意的

5.properlyadv.正確地，適當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

變形：properadj.恰當(dāng)?shù)?，合適的improperadj.不恰當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

6.piecevt,完成adj.完全的，徹底的

變形：inplete不完全的pletelyadv.完全地，徹底地

7.messn.亂七八糟

beinamess處于混亂之中makeamess制造混亂

8.layvt.放置（注意常考被動）laylaidlaid

辨析：lie（躺）laylainlie（說謊）liedlied

短語：laysth.+sp.把某物放置在某地sth.belaid+sp.某物被放置在某地

9.papern.文件，證明（可數(shù)）

10.spreadn.擴(kuò)散

vi.&vt.（消息，病毒）擴(kuò)散（一般不用被動）

鋪開，肯攵開（有被動）spreadspreadspread

Thecoinwasspreadeverywhere.

11.unsureadj.不確定的

beunsureof+名詞短語

12.forgetfuladj.健忘的

13.customern.顧客passengern.乘客

14.pul....through給某人接通電話(注意被動)

IwillpulyouthroughtoObama.

15.firstofall首先

aboveall首要的是

afterall畢竟

inall總計

16.uptostandard達(dá)到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

worktohighstandards根據(jù)高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)工作

二.句型

知識點1.1amplainingaboutyoutotherobotshop.(P36)

l)plain是不及物動詞，意為“投訴，抱怨”

plain_about_sb/sth抱怨某事

plain_to_sb…向某人抱怨...

2)plaint名詞

常用短語：plaintletter投訴信

haveaplaintagainst...對...有怨言

【例題精講】

我們經(jīng)常向別人抱怨我們的作業(yè)。Wearealwaysplainingtoothersaboutourhomework.

知識點2.However,robotsmighthaveproblems.(P37)

haveproblems有問題

拓展：___haveproblemsdoingsth___做某事有困難(注意單復(fù)數(shù))

problem的常用搭配：noproblem“沒問題”

知識點3.Cnnldrnhntshelpyonandmeinanyway?(P37)

inanyway在任何方面

與way有關(guān)的其他短語：

1._____________從某種意義上說2._____________在某些方面

3.______________擋路4._______________用這種方式

5.______________去的路上6._______________順便說一下

【答案】

inawayinsomewaysinthewayinthiswayonone'swaytobytheway

知識點4.1wouldliketohaveone.(P37)

代詞it,one,that辨析：

(1)it和that都替代“the+單數(shù)名詞1可數(shù)或不可數(shù)廣，都是特指，都可替代可數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞，但it指前面提

到的“同一”事物；而that是指前面提到的“同類”事物。

如：MyfatherboughtmeapenandIlikeitverymuch.

我父親給我買了一支鋼筆，我非常喜歡它。(il替代ihepen,指前面提到的父親給我買的那支鋼筆)

(2)one替代“a+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”，表示泛指；其復(fù)數(shù)形式ones替代泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。特指的iheone相當(dāng)于

(hat,替代“the+單數(shù)名詞

如:ThepopulationofScotlandwaseighttimesaslargeasthatofCornwall.蘇格蘭的人口是康沃爾人口的八

l)sometimes的意思是“有時”,是副詞。例如：

Sometimesheesbybikeandsometimesbybus.他有時騎車來，有時乘公共汽車來。

2)sometime也是副詞，意思是“在某個時候“。可用于一般過去時與將來時。例如：

YoucanhandinyourhomeworksometimebeforeFriday.你可以在周五前某個時候交作業(yè)。

3)sometime是名詞短語,它的意思是“一段時間”。例如：

IIIbeawayforsometime.我將離開一段時間。

4)somelimes也是一個名詞短語，lime在這里用作可數(shù)名詞，意思是“次數(shù)

sometimes的意、思是“幾次”。例如：

IhavebeentotheGreatWallsometimes.我去過長城幾次。

知識點lO.Mr.Jiangdidn'tknowwhattodowithit.

dowith處理(dealwith)

whattodowith=howtodealwith

Idon'tknowwhattodowithmymath.

Grammar

1.1considertherobotagreathelpinmydailylife.我認(rèn)為這個機器人在我的日常生活中有役大的幫助。

(P42)

consider：(1)“考慮”：+名詞,代詞,動名詞/從句

considerdoingsth.考慮做某事

例句：WouldyouconsiderworkingintheU.S.A?你考慮在美國工作嗎？

(2)“認(rèn)為”：

consider...as...把..看做

例句:Hewasconsideredasawiseman.他被認(rèn)為是個智者。

2.Myrobotwillremindyoutotakethemattherighttime.我的機器人會提醒你在恰當(dāng)?shù)臅r間吃藥。(P43)

remind：及物動詞”提醒:使想起”

rerr.indsb.todosth:提醒某人做某事

例句：Pleaseremindhertoreturnthebook.請?zhí)嵝阉€書。

reir.indsb.ofsth.使某人想起某物

例句：Thatremindsmeofanoldfriend.那使我想起了我的?個老朋友。

Integratedskills&Studyskills&Task&Selfassessment

regret:vi&vt后悔；遺憾(regretted,regretted,regretting)(P48)

用作及物動詞時，后接名詞，代詞，動名詞或that/wh從句作賓語

例句1：Iregretsellingthehouse.我后悔賣了房子。

例句2：Iregrettosay(hatwecannotstayhere.我很抱歉，我們不能呆在這兒。

注意區(qū)分：

lregretdoingsth:“后悔做了某事(已做)”

例句：Iregrettakinghisadviceatthattime.我后悔當(dāng)初接受了他的意見

<

regrettodosth:“對要做的事遺憾(未做)”

<例句：Iregrettosayyoufailedintheexam.我遺憾的說你考試不及格。

1.etotherobotshowon14MarchandreceiveacopyofRobotMagazineforfree!(P45)

3月14日那天來機器人展覽會，就能免費獲得一本《機器人》雜志。

copy：

可數(shù)名詞，acopyof:一份...

例句：Hewasreadingacopyofthedailynewspaper.他正在看?份日報。

動詞：復(fù)制，抄寫，模仿

一例句：Iwantyoutocopycarefullyfromthismodel.我要你按這個模型仔細(xì)仿造一個。

2.Wouldyoulikeustohaveitchecked?你想要我們請人把它檢查一下嗎？(P46)

(1)haveitdone:“叫人(請人)做某事”=asksb.todosth.

例句：Ihadmyhaircutyesterday.昨天我讓人給我理發(fā)了。

(2)havesbdosth=letsbdosth.=makesbdosth:“讓(使)某人做某事”

例句：Don'tforgettohavehimc.別忘了讓他來。

3.Itisapitythattherobotnevergoestoseeafilmwithhim.真遺憾機器人從不跟他一起去看電影。(P47)

take/havepityon:同情、憐憫...

例句：Theoldladyoftentakespityonsmallanimals.那位老太太常常憐憫小動物。

Y

Itisapity...../whatapity:真遺憾....

一例句：【Iisapilythathefailedintheexams.真遺憾他沒通過考試。

4.Thequalityofthisrobotisnotuptostandardeither.這個機器人的質(zhì)量也不達(dá)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。(P48)

廠either:用于否定句，且在句末。

also：用于肯定句，通常位于be動詞，助動詞或情態(tài)動詞之后，行為動詞之前。

too：用于肯定句，比also更通俗，可以和also,aswell互換，在句末。

aswell:口語用的較多，=tco,可互換，在句末。

過語法

一、賓語從句改為簡單句的方法

1.賓語從句可改為動詞不定式

當(dāng)句子的謂語動詞是hope,decide,wish,choose,agree,promise(答應(yīng)，許諾)等，其后由that引導(dǎo)賓語從句,

并且從句的主語與主句的主語相同時,賓語從句可簡化為動詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。如:

(1).1hopethatIwillgotocollegeoneday.

轉(zhuǎn)換為：Ihopetogotocollegeoneday.

我希望有一天能上大學(xué)。

(2).Theyagreedthattheywouldhelpmewithmymaths.

轉(zhuǎn)換為：Theyagreed【ohelpmewilhmyma〔hs

他們同意幫助我(學(xué)習(xí))數(shù)學(xué)。.

2.當(dāng)句子的謂語動詞是know,learn,remember,forget,tell等詞，后面接由疑問代詞what,或接由

how,where,when,why等疑問副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，并且主句的主語與從句的主語一致時，可將賓語從句轉(zhuǎn)

化為“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)o

如：(1).Katedidn'tknowwhatsheshoulddo.

轉(zhuǎn)換為：Katedid'tknowwhattodo.

凱特不知道該做什么。

(2).IhaveforgottenhowIcanusethisword.

轉(zhuǎn)換為：Ihaveforgottenhowtous」thisword.

我忘了怎么樣用這個詞。

3.當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是ask,show,⑹1.leach等，后跟雙賓語，并且從句的主語和間接賓語一致時，賓語從句

可轉(zhuǎn)化為“疑問詞+不定式“。如：(I).CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothepark?

轉(zhuǎn)換為：Couldyoutellmehowtogc」to〔hepark?

你能告訴我怎樣去公園嗎？

(2).PleasetellmewhereIcanfindhim.

轉(zhuǎn)換為：Pleasetellmewheretofindhim.

請告訴我在哪里能找到他。

注意：疑問詞why不能和動詞不定式連用。

4.賓語從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為“it+形容詞作賓補+不定式短語”結(jié)構(gòu)。

如:(i).Ithinkthatitisimpossibletofinishtheworktoday.(that可省略)

轉(zhuǎn)換為：Ithinki【impossiblet。finishiheworkloday.

我認(rèn)為今天是不可能完成這項工作的。

(2).IfoundthatitisimportanttolearnEnglish.(that可省略)

轉(zhuǎn)換為：IfounditimportanttolearnEnglish.

我發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)習(xí)英語很重要。

5.講賓語從句轉(zhuǎn)化為“名詞或動名詞短語”。

如:(1).IwilltakebackwhatIsaid.

轉(zhuǎn)換為：Iwilltakebackmywords.

我將收回我所說的話。

(2).CanyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?

轉(zhuǎn)換為：Canyoute11methewaytothestation?

二、狀語從句改為簡單句的方法

1、用“too…to…”結(jié)構(gòu)可以將含有so…that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果語從句(否定)的復(fù)合句轉(zhuǎn)成簡單句。如:

1)Theboyissoyoungthathecan'tlookafterhimself.

—?Theboyistooyoungtolookafterhimself.

2.)ThequestionissodifficultthatIcan'tanswerit.

—>Thequestionistoodifficultfbrmstoanswer.

2、用“…enough+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)可以將含有so…that…引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句（肯定）的復(fù):合句轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楹唵尉洹?/p>

例如：

1)Thegirlissotallthatshecanreachtheapplesonthetree.—>Thcgirlistallenoughtoreachtheapplesonthe

tree.

2)Thishallissolargethatitcanhold2000people.—Thishallislargeenoughtohold2000people.

3)Thetablewassolightthatthelittleboycancarryit.—>Thetablewaslightenoughfbrthelittleboytocarry.

3、用“inorder+不定式'域"s。as+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)可以將含有sothat引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句的復(fù)合句轉(zhuǎn)換為簡單

句。如：

1)Shedecidedtobuyacameraonlinesothatshecouldreceiveitsoon.—>Shedecidedtobuyacameraonlinein

ordertoreceiveitsoon.

—>Shcdecidedtobuyacameraonlinesoastoreceiveitsoon.

2)Iwentovermypositionagainandagainsothat1couldn'tmakeanymistakes.

—>1wentovermypositionagainandagaininordernottomakeanymistakes.

—*1wentovermypositionagainandagainsoasnottomakeanymistakes.

4、由because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句可以改為becauseof構(gòu)成的介詞短語

Hecan'tebecauseheisill.他因病不能來。

—?Hccan'tebecauseofhisillness.他因病不能來。

5、由when、after,before引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句可以用合適的動名詞或介詞短語來代替。

Turnoffthelightbeforeyouleave.離開前請關(guān)燈。

—>Turnoffthelightbeforeleaving.離開前請關(guān)燈。

Hewenthomeafterhefinishedhiswork.他做完T作后就回家了。

—>Hewenthomeafterfinishinghiswork.他做完工作后就回家了。

重難點訓(xùn)練

一、根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子

1.無論發(fā)生什么事，我們都不會放棄

Wcwill.

2.我們學(xué)習(xí)漢語，也學(xué)習(xí)英語

Welearn.

3.機器人能給我們的生活帶來變化嗎？

Canrobots?

4.我后悔沒有把事實真相告訴他,

Iregret.

5.清告訴我如何從那家商店訂購機器人。

Pleasetellmetheshop.

【答案】

1.nevergiveup;whateverhappens

2.EnglishaswellasChinese

3.bringanychangestoourlives

4.nottelling/havingtoldhimthetruth

5.howIcanorderarobotfrom或者h(yuǎn)owtoorderarobotfrom

二、單詞拼寫

1.Stampsareusedfor（寄信）theletter.

2.（不管什么）youdo,don'tmissthischance.

3.1think（探索）undertheseamustbeverydangerous.

4.Allthe（私人的）thingsshouldbekeptinthelockerbeforeenteringthisroom.

5.Thiskindofputervirus（傳播）quicklyandsoonalloftheputerswentwrong.

6.Themanwasbadlyhurtbecausehecouldn'toperatethemachine(適當(dāng)?shù)?.

7.Mymotherwasveryangrywhenshesawherroomina(雜亂).

8.Theputerhascaught(，病毒)anditdoesn'tworknow.

9.Ifyourradiodoesn'twork.,you'dbetterchangenew(電池).

10.Hisrobotcanstandonfoursmall(輪子).

【答案】posting.Whatever,exploring,private,spread,properly,mess,virus,batteries,wheels

三、用所給動詞的正確形式填空

I.Mr.Jiang'sbusinesssuitneeded(iron)bythehomerobot.

2.DaniePsrobothasstoppedworking(plcte).

3.Someofthecustomersarenot(satisfy)withtheserviceofthishotelatall.

4.Doctorsarcstill(sure)whetherthevirusisthecauseofthedisease.

5.Mr.Jianghasn'thadhishomerobot(repair)yet.

6.1oftenfeellonelybecauseIdon'tknowwho(talk)to.

7.AppleCorporation's(produce)areverypopularallovertheworld.

8.TherobotmadeDaniel(get)angryandhedecidedtoreturnittotherobotshop.

9.Mygrandmotheris92andhasbeevery(forget)andconfused.

10.Allthepackagesshould(lay)onthismachineforsecuritycheck.

【答案】tobeironed/ironing,pletely,satisfied,unsure,repaired,totalk,products,get,forgetful,belaid

四、單項填空

()1.Heisapersonwholikestoplainhisworkothers.

A.to;onB.to;aboutC.about;toD.about;on

()2.Todaymyfatherisfeelingtogotowork.

A.enoughgoodB.wellenoughC.goodenoughD.enoughwell

()3.WhenMr.Jianghomework,hisflatwouldbeascleanasnew.

A.returnsback;fromB.returnsto;atC.returned;fromD.returnedto;at

()4.Mr.Jiangdidn'tknowtodowithhisrobotandIdon'tknowtodealwithmypet.

A.how;howB.what;howC.what;whatD.how;what

)5.Withthehelpofmyrobot,1cansleeplongereverymorning.

Soyourrobothasmadeadifferencetoyourlife.

A.abitofB.alittleC.alotofD.more

)6.1boughtarobothavemorefreetime.

A.sothatB.thereforeC.inordertoD.asaresult

)7.Sofar,everythinghasbeengoingonthatwedon'tneedtoworry.

A.toopletelyB.soplelelyC.toosmoothlyD.sosmoothly

)8.So,canyoutellmeheretoday?(2014黃岡)

Well,IwaswalkingdownCentreStreetwhenaUFOlanded.

A.whatdidyouseeB.whatyousaw

C.whendidyouseeitD.whenyousaw

)9.Lucy,Idon'tlikemathatall.Whataboutyou?

Oh,Idon'tlikeit.

A.tooB.neitherC.eitherD.also

)10.Therobotismadeallthehousework.

A.doB.todoC.doingD.tobedone

【答案】CBCBBCDBCB

五、閱讀理解

Robotsareabouttoinvade(侵入)ourlives.Fromperforminghousework,toentertainingandeducatingour

children,tolookingaftertheelderly,scientistssaywewillsoonbewelingtheircreationsintoourhomesand

workplaces.

Researchersbelieveweareon(hecuspofarobotrevolution(hatwillmirror(hequickgrowthoflheputer

revolutionfromthe1980s.Theyaredevelopingnewlawsforrobotbehaviour,anddesigningnewwaysforhumans

androbotstointeract(互動).

"1thinkrobotswillchangewhowcarc,justaseyeglassesandfirechangedwhowcwerebefore,'saysRodney

Brookes,formerdirectoroftheMITputerScienceandArtificialIntelligenceLaboratory.

Someideas,sometechnologiesmaysoundlikesciencefiction,buttheyarefastbeingsciencefact,mercially

availablerobotsarealreadybeginningtoperformeverydaytaskslikecleaningourfloors.Thelatesttypesfrom

Japanarcabletohelptheelderlytogetoutofbedorgetupafterafall.Theycanalsoremindthemwhentotake

medication,orevenhelpwashtheirhair.

"Currentrobotsarenothumanlike.Forexampletheyarethingslikeautomatic（自動的）bedsand

wheelchairs,"sayscelebratedProfHiroshiIshiguroatOsakaUniversity,Japan.Hebelievesthetimeisingwhen

robotsstartlookinglesslikemachines,andmorelikeus."Inthenearfuturewearegoingtousemorehumanlike

robots,Ireallythinkso,"saysProfIshiguro.

ProfMajaMataricattheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniaagrees."I'mveryexcitedaboutthefactthattoday

wehavemachinesthatareputtogetherwithpeopleinadailylifesetting,"shesays.

"Robotscouldbeusedineducation,learning,andhealthcare,wheresocialsupportisimportant,"saysDr.

CynthiaBreazeal.directorofthePersonalRobotsGroupattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.

54.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthistext?

A.TheChangesofFutureWorldD.TheFunctionsofFutureRobots

C.ReadyfortheRobotRevolutionD.HappyAboutScientificDevelopment?

55.Theunderlinedphrase"onthecuspof,"inParagraph2canbereplacedby.

A.endingB.facingC.makingD.changing

56.Whichofthefollowingproverbscanbestexpresstheideaof（hefourthparagraph?

A.Greathopesmakegreatmen.B.Ifwecandrcamit,wccandoit.

C.Whilethereislife,thereishope.D.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.

57.Whobelievesthatrobotswillbringgreatchangestoourlives?

A.RodneyBrookes.B.HiroshiIshiguro.C.MajaMataric.D.CynthiaBreazeal.

【答案】54.C55.B56.B57.A

Itwastheworstdayofmyprofessionallife.Mypublishershutdown,andwehadnoideaifanotherpublisher

wouldtakeovermynovel.Inaddition,mysecondnovelhadn'tsoldaswellasthefirstone.ItseemedthatIwas

watchingmycareergoingdownwards.Itwassoterrifying.

Ilowever,asIsharedmyfearswithmymother,shesaidsomethingIwouldneverforget:"Iwouldloveyouif

youwereagarbageman.^^Shewasn'tlookingdownupongarbagemen.Shewasjustsayingthatwhatevermyjob

was,shelovedme.Itwasjustherhonestfeelingatthatmoment,butthosesimplewordsarestilltheonesIuseto

fightsomanyofmyfearstoday.

Tothisday,whenIsitdowntowriteeveryday,Isaythosewordstomyself,'Tdloveyouifyouwerea

garbageman."Icanstillfeeltheselllessnessofmymother'slove.

Afewyearsago,mymotherpassedawaybecauseofbreastcancer.Itwasshewhosetmeonthepathof

wriringaseriesofchildren'sbookstogivestrengthtomyownchildren.ThefirsttwoareI'mAmeliaEarhartand

I'mAbrahamLincoln.Insixmonths,wellpublishI'mRosaParks.Forme,thisisn'tjustabookseries.It'smy

dreamformyowndaughter,formysons,andforallofuswhoneedtoseethepowerandpotentialineach

ofus.

Thisserieswasbornalsobecause1wastiredofmydaughterthinkingthatrealityTVstarswereheroes.Itell

mykidsallthetime:That'sfame（名氣）.Fameisdifferentfrombeingahero.Iwantedmykidstoseerealheroes

whoarenodifferentthanthcmsclvc。Forthisreason,eachbooktellsthestoryoftheherowhenhc/shewasakid.

Weseethemaschildren.Soit'sno:justAmeliaEarhanandAbrahamLincolnbeingfamous;it'sthembeingjust

likeus.

Lookaround.Weliveinaworldthatdesiresheroes.Oursolutioniswhatmymothertaughtmewithherwords:

thepowerofanordinaryperson.Icanproudlyrepeatmymother'swordstomykids.They'llunderstandhowIlove

（hem.

42.Theauthorfeltterrifiedbecause.

A.hewasexperiencingadifficulttimeinhiscareer

B.hismotherpassedawaybecauseofbreastcancer

C.hehadnoideahowtosellhissecondnovel

D.hewasgivenajobasagarbageman

43.Whatwastheauthor'sunderstandingofhismum'swords?

A.Mumwantedhimtobeagarbageman.

B.Mumlovedhimnomatterwhathedid.

C.Mumwaslookingdownongarbagemen.

D.Mumdidn'twanthimtocontinuewritingnovels.

44Whatdoes“themselves“inthefifthparagraphreferto?

A.Realheroes.B.Children'sbooks.C.Theauthor'skids.D.RealityTVstars.

45.Theauthoristryingtoteachhischildrento.

A.respectrealheroesB.behavethemselves

C.beordinarypeopleD.realizeiheirownpotential

【答案】ABCD

六、完型填空

Simonwasamiddleagedleatherbusinessman.Healwaysfailedinhiscareer,whichmadehimadepressed（沮

喪的）man.Soheoften16thathehadbeencheatedbyothers.Onedayhetoldhiswifehewasso

disappointedwiththecitythathehadtoleave.

Sohisfamilymovedtoanothercity.Itwastheeveningofaweekend.WhenSimonandhiswifewerebusily

17uptheirnewhome,thelightsuddenlywentout.Theyhadtostopwork.Simonwasregretfultohave

forgottentobringalongcandlesandhadtowait18inalowmood.Justthenheheardslight,hesitant19

onhisdoorthatsoundedclearinthe20night.

“Who'sit?"hewondered,since