專(zhuān)題04七選五

1.（2023上?北京昌平?高二統(tǒng)考期末）Ecoducts:TheSafeWaytoCrosstheRoad

Howdoesananimalcrossaroadsafely?Theshortansweris:itoftendoesn't!Everyyeararoundtheword,

thousandsofanimalsarekilledorinjuredbycars,trucks,andtrainsonourbusyroadsandrailwaysystems.

Francewasthefirstcountrytobuildwildlifecrossingstohelpanimalsgetacrossroadssafely.TheFrench

designedthesestructurestoprotectanimalsfromthebusytraffic.Sincethen,manyothercountrieshavealso

builtwildlifecrossings.1

Ecoducts,alsocalled〃greenbridges”,arestructuresthatengineersbuildoverbigroadsandhighways.2

Cars,vans,andtrucksgoundertheecoducts,throughatunnel,andtheanimalswalkovertheecoduct,abovethe

roadorhighway.

AtBanffNationalPark,inAlberta,Canada,parkemployeeshavelaboredhardtomakemorethan40ecoducts.

SomeoftheecoductsinBanffarebridgesthatcrossoverthehighway.3Othersarecalledunderpasses.

Thesearetunnelsthatgounderaroad.Mostecoductshavesoilandplantsonthemwhichprovideagood

environmentforwildlifeandencourageanimalstousethestructures.Someecoducts,includingmanyinCanada

andinFlorida,aremadeextremelybigsothatblackbears,deer,andtheFloridapantherwillusethem.

4Perhapsyou'redistrustfulaboutthisidea.Youshouldn'tbe,becauseanimalsdousethem!Atfirst

animalscanbealittleunsettledofthecrossings.Expertssaythatsomebearscantakeaslongasfiveyearstostart

usingthem.Whenanimalsrealizethattheecoductsaresafe,theyusethemalot!Sofar;sinceBanffNationalPark

begantomakenotesabouttheecoductsin1997,elevendifferentspeciesofmammalshaveusedtheoverpasses

andunderpassesmorethan200,000times!

Ecoductsareagreatwaytoprotectwildlifefromtraffic.5Butfornowevensnakescangetitselfacross

aroadsafelythankstoecoducts!

A.Wereendangeredanimalssavedfromdyingout?

B.Butdoanimalsreallyusetheseman-madebridges?

C.Thesearecalledoverpassesbecausetheygooveraroad.

D.Theyallowmanydifferenttypesofanimalstocrosssafelytotheotherside.

E.IntheNetherlandsthereareover600specialbridgesandtunnels,calledecoducts.

F.Countrieswillbebuildingmanymoreofthesestructuresaroundtheworldinthefuture.

G.Franceusedtobeknownforitsdangerouscarcrasheswithanimalsuntiltheroadswereupgraded.

【答案】LE2.D3.C4.B5.F

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主語(yǔ)介紹了一些國(guó)家為了使動(dòng)物安全穿過(guò)馬路而建造的生態(tài)導(dǎo)管。

1.上文“Sincethen,manyothercountrieshavealsobuiltwildlifecrossings.（從那時(shí)起，許多其他國(guó)家也建立了

野生動(dòng)物過(guò)境點(diǎn)。）〃指出為了使動(dòng)物安全過(guò)馬路，除了法國(guó)外，其他一些國(guó)家也建立了野生動(dòng)物過(guò)境點(diǎn)，下

文“Ecoducts,alsocalled“greenbridges”,arestructuresthatengineersbuildoverbigroadsandhighways（生態(tài)導(dǎo)

管，也被稱為“綠色橋梁〃，是工程師們?cè)诖笮凸泛透咚俟飞辖ㄔ斓慕Y(jié)構(gòu)）〃提到本文主題生態(tài)導(dǎo)管，由此

可知空處應(yīng)該承上啟下，指出一些國(guó)家建立了生態(tài)導(dǎo)管，E項(xiàng)"IntheNetherlandsthereareover600special

bridgesandtunnels,calledecoducts.（在荷蘭有超過(guò)600個(gè)特殊的橋梁和隧道，稱為生態(tài)導(dǎo)管。）”符合，故選E。

2.上文“Ecoducts,alsocalled"greenbridges”,arestructuresthatengineersbuildoverbigroadsandhighways（生

態(tài)導(dǎo)管，也被稱為〃綠色橋梁〃，是工程師們?cè)诖笮凸泛透咚俟飞辖ㄔ斓慕Y(jié)構(gòu)）〃提到生態(tài)導(dǎo)管是什么，空

處應(yīng)該承接上文，指出其作用，D項(xiàng)“Theyallowmanydifferenttypesofanimalstocrosssafelytotheother

side.（它們?cè)试S許多不同種類(lèi)的動(dòng)物安全地穿越到另一邊。）〃符合，〃They〃代指上文提到的Ecoducts,故選D。

3.上文“SomeoftheecoductsinBanffarebridgesthatcrossoverthehighway.（班夫的一些生態(tài)導(dǎo)管是跨越高速

公路的橋梁。）〃提到一些生態(tài)導(dǎo)管是跨越高速公路的橋梁，下文"Othersarecalledunderpasses」還有一些叫做

地下通道。）〃提到其他的叫地下通道，由此可知，空處應(yīng)該承接上文，指出跨越高速公路的橋梁被叫做什么，

C項(xiàng)“Thesearecalledoverpassesbecausetheygooveraroad.（這些被稱為立交橋，因?yàn)樗鼈兺ㄟ^(guò)一條公路。）”

符合，"These”代指上文提到是bridgesthatcrossoverthehighway,故選Co

4.下文“Perhapsyou'redistrustfulaboutthisidea.Youshouldn'tbe,becauseanimalsdousethem!（也許你不相信

這個(gè)主意。你不應(yīng)該擔(dān)憂，因?yàn)閯?dòng)物會(huì)用它們?。ㄌ岬侥悴槐?fù)?dān)心動(dòng)物不能安全穿過(guò)這些管道，因?yàn)樗鼈儠?huì)

用，由此可知，空處應(yīng)該引起下文，指出你對(duì)動(dòng)物能不能安全穿過(guò)這些橋梁有疑問(wèn)，B項(xiàng)"Butdoanimalsreally

usetheseman-madebridges?（但是動(dòng)物真的使用這些人造橋梁?jiǎn)幔浚ǚ?，和下文?gòu)成一問(wèn)一答，故選B。

5.上文“Ecoductsareagreatwaytoprotectwildlifefromtraffic.（生態(tài)導(dǎo)管是保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物免受交通傷害的好方

法。）〃指出生態(tài)導(dǎo)管是保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物免受交通傷害的好方法，所以我們要大力提倡，由此可知，空處應(yīng)該承

接上文，指出未來(lái)可能有更多國(guó)家建造這樣的構(gòu)造，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)"Countrieswillbebuildingmanymoreofthese

structuresaroundtheworldinthefuture.（未來(lái)，世界各國(guó)將建造更多這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)。）”符合,故選F。

2

2.（2023上?北京平谷?高二統(tǒng)考期末）SixTipsforFreshmen

Startingcollegecanbeastressfulexperience.Itintroducesalotofbigchangesinyourlife.Herearesixtips

forfreshmen.

1.6

Ofallthetipsforcollege,thisonemightbethemostpractical.Makesuretoconsiderwhatuseathomeona

dailyorweeklybasis,andtakealookatwhatacollegestudenthassuggestedyoubring!

2.Becomfortablebeingonyourown.

7Thetasksforwhichyouoncereliedonyourparentsarenowyourresponsibility,soitisimportant

thatyoucometoschoolknowingbasicskills,howtodolaundry,andhowtofollowaroutine.

3.Haveanideaofwhatyouwanttostudy.

Declaringyourmajorimmediatelyupongettingacceptedintocollegeisnotlifeordeath.8

Internships（實(shí)習(xí)期）arealsoagreatwaytodipyourtoesinthewaterandfindoutwhetherornotyouare

interestedinacertaincareer.

4.Putyourselfoutthere.

Forthosewhostruggletomakefriends,findingpeoplewhoyoushareinterestswithisalwaysagoodplaceto

start.Joiningalocalcluboractivitythatyouenjoycanhelpyoutomeetnewpeoplethatlikethesamethingsthat

youdo.

5.Practicegoodhabits.

Beingawayfromhomeandthestructureofmiddleschoolforthefirsttimecausesmanycollegefreshmento

formbadhabits.9Thesewillhelpensureyoustayingoodhealthandmakeyourcollegeexperience

muchsmoother.

6.10

Budgeting（預(yù)算）canbeaverysimplewaytounderstandandmonitoryourspendinghabits.Asimple

spreadsheetwithyourmonthlyexpensesandincomeisagreatwaytostartlistingyourspending.

A.Learntomanageyourfinances.

B.Makesuretotakeclassesthatinterestyou.

C.Makinggoodfriendisveryimportantincollege.

D.Knowwhatthingsyouneedforacollegedorm.

E.Establishahealthysystem,andeatabalanceddiet.

F.Youcoulddoaparttimejobtoearnmoremoney.

G.Inmostcases,collegeisthefirsttimethatyouwillbecompletelyonyourown.

【答案】6.D7.G8.B9.E10.A

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章講述了給大學(xué)新生的六條建議。

6.空處為段落小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)下文"Ofallthetipsforcollege,thisonemightbethemostpractical.Makesureto

considerwhatuseathomeonadailyorweeklybasis,andtakealookatwhatacollegestudenthassuggestedyou

bring!（在所有關(guān)于大學(xué)生活的建議中，這一條可能是最實(shí)用的。一定要考慮每天或每周在家用什么，看看一

個(gè)大學(xué)生建議你帶什么!）"可知，本段建議要弄清楚日常需要使用什么，需要帶什么到學(xué)校，因此推斷D項(xiàng)"知

道你在大學(xué)宿舍需要什么。"為本段標(biāo)題，故選D。

7.根據(jù)段落標(biāo)題"Becomfortablebeingonyourown（獨(dú)立是舒適的）"可知，本段建議要學(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立，下文“The

tasksforwhichyouoncereliedonyourparentsarenowyourresponsibility,soitisimportantthatyoucometo

schoolknowingbasicskills,howtodolaundry,andhowtofollowaroutine.（你曾經(jīng)依靠父母完成的任務(wù)現(xiàn)在是

你自己的責(zé)任，所以上學(xué)時(shí)，知道一些基本的技能，如何洗衣服，以及如何遵守常規(guī)是很重要的。）"講述不

能再依靠父母，一些事情要依靠自己，要學(xué)會(huì)一些基本生活技能，G項(xiàng)中的"onyourown”呼應(yīng)主題，因此推

斷G項(xiàng)"在大多數(shù)情況下，大學(xué)是你第一次完全依靠自己。"符合語(yǔ)境，引出下文的解釋。故選G。

8.根據(jù)段落標(biāo)題"Haveanideaofwhatyouwanttostudy」明確自己想學(xué)什么。）"可知，本段講述關(guān)于學(xué)什么

的建議，上文"Declaringyourmajorimmediatelyupongettingacceptedintocollegeisnotlifeordeath.（被大學(xué)錄

取后立即宣布專(zhuān)業(yè)并不是生死攸關(guān)的事。）"談到大學(xué)選專(zhuān)業(yè)并不是生死攸關(guān)的事情，下文"Internships（實(shí)習(xí)

期）arealsoagreatwaytodipyourtoesinthewaterandfindoutwhetherornotyouareinterestedinacertain

career.（實(shí)習(xí)也是試水的好方法，可以讓你知道自己是否對(duì)某個(gè)職業(yè)感興趣。）”講述了選專(zhuān)業(yè)的方法，前后文

都是關(guān)系選專(zhuān)業(yè)的話題，B項(xiàng)“一定要參加你感興趣的課程?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，與選專(zhuān)業(yè)有關(guān)。故選B?

9.上文"Beingawayfromhomeandthestructureofmiddleschoolforthefirsttimecausesmanycollegefreshmen

toformbadhabits.（第一次離開(kāi)家鄉(xiāng)和中學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)導(dǎo)致許多大學(xué)新生形成壞習(xí)慣。）"談到了第一次離家容易養(yǎng)成

壞習(xí)慣，下文“Thesewillhelpensureyoustayingoodhealthandmakeyourcollegeexperiencemuch

smoother.（這將有助于你保持身體健康，讓你的大學(xué)生活更加順利。）”中的these應(yīng)是指空處的內(nèi)容，這些可

以有助于你保持身體健康，因此推斷E項(xiàng)"建立健康的系統(tǒng)，均衡飲食。"符合語(yǔ)境，承接上文的壞習(xí)慣談到

好習(xí)慣，均衡飲食，健康體系有助于保持健康，承上啟下，故選E。

10.空處為段落標(biāo)題。根據(jù)下文“Budgeting（預(yù)算）canbeaverysimplewaytounderstandandmonitoryour

spendinghabits.Asimplespreadsheetwithyourmonthlyexpensesandincomeisagreatwaytostartlistingyour

spending.（預(yù)算是了解和監(jiān)控自己消費(fèi)習(xí)慣的一種非常簡(jiǎn)單的方法。用一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的電子表格列出你每月的支

出和收入是列出你的支出的好方法。）"可知，本段講述了有關(guān)制定預(yù)算的建議，因此推斷A項(xiàng)"學(xué)會(huì)管理你

的財(cái)務(wù)狀況。"為本段標(biāo)題。故選A。

3.（2023上,北京房山?高二統(tǒng)考期末）HowtoFindYourMuseThroughCreativePursuits

Haveyoueverheardthefamousquote“Geniusis1percentinspirationand99percentperspiration"?11

Someartists,writers,poets,musicians,andevenscientistslooktoamuseasthesourceoftheircreativityorgenius.

Thefollowingtipscanhelpyoutofindyourmuse.

Listentomusic.

Songs,andmusicingeneral,canhelpyourelax.12Music,specificallylyrics,canalsotransportyoutoa

specifictimeorplaceandprovideyouwithideastohelpsparkyourowncreativity.

Writewhatevercomestomindtogetyourcreativityflowing.

Youmaynothaveanyconcreteideas,butsimplywritingsomethingdowncanhelpgeneratecreative

thoughts.Consideritaformofbrainstorming.Rememberthatyoucanalwaysstartoverorreviseprevious

thoughtsbeforeyoufinishafinaldraft.Writing,inandofitself,canhelpyougeneratethoughts.13Itisbest

ifyoudothistypeofwritingbyhand,becauseitwillconnectyoumorefullytothewritingprocess.

14

Evenifyousticktoonetypewhenyouwrite,youcanborrowsmallerconcepts,thelatesttrend,personality

preferences,sceneryideas,andsomuchmorefromreadingdifferenttypesofbooks.Eachstorywasprobably

inspiredfromtheauthor'sownexplorationofotherbooksortalesandthingsthathappenedtooraroundhimin

hisdailylives.

Trydoodling（涂鴉）ordrawingtorelaxandstimulateyourcreativity.

15Instead,tryspontaneous（自發(fā)的）activities,suchasdoodlingorabstractdrawing,asawaytobe

creativewithoutthepressurethatcancomewithcreatingfinishedart.

A.Peoplefindinspirationinallsortsofcreativeactivities.

B.Readalotofdifferentstoriestofindcreativeinspiration.

C.Tryfreewritingorjournalingfor15minuteseveryday.

D.Inspirationissomethingthatcomeseasilyforsomepeople,butisastruggleforothers.

E.Thelyricsandthemelodiesyoulistentocanlightenthoughtsthatmightweighyoudown.

F.Havefunandencounteryourartisticsidewithoutworryingaboutfindinginnovativeideas.

G.Youcanexpressyourselfartisticallywithoutproducingaprofessionaldrawingeverytime.

【答案】11.D12.E13.C14.B15.G

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了如何通過(guò)創(chuàng)造性的追求找到你的靈感的方法。

11.結(jié)合前文“Haveyoueverheardthefamousquote“Geniusis1percentinspirationand99percent

perspiration"?"（你有沒(méi)有聽(tīng)過(guò)一句名言"天才是百分之一的靈感和百分之九十九的汗水。"？）可知，天才

的實(shí)現(xiàn)要有靈感和努力。后文"Someartists,writers,poets,musicians,andevenscientistslooktoamuseasthe

sourceoftheircreativityorgenius."（一些藝術(shù)家、作家、詩(shī)人、音樂(lè)家，甚至科學(xué)家都把靈感視為他們創(chuàng)造

力或天賦的源泉。）說(shuō)明一些著名人物把靈感視為他們的創(chuàng)造力或天賦的源泉。所以空處應(yīng)改承接前文，講

述靈感的獲得是因人而異的。選項(xiàng)D.”靈感對(duì)某些人來(lái)說(shuō)很容易獲得，但對(duì)另一些人來(lái)說(shuō)卻是一種掙扎。"

切題，故選D。

12.根據(jù)前文“Songs,andmusicingeneral,canhelpyourelax."（一般來(lái)說(shuō)，歌曲和音樂(lè)可以幫助你放松。）提

到了歌曲和音樂(lè)的幫助作用。下文“Music,specificallylyrics,canalsotransportyoutoaspecifictimeorplaceand

provideyouwithideastohelpsparkyourowncreativity/（音樂(lè)，尤其是歌詞，也可以把你帶到一個(gè)特定的時(shí)

間或地點(diǎn)，為你提供點(diǎn)子，幫助激發(fā)你自己的創(chuàng)造力。）特別提出音樂(lè)中歌詞同樣有著幫助作用。因而空處

應(yīng)承接前文,講述在音樂(lè)中其它部分一樣也有幫助。選項(xiàng)E."你聽(tīng)到的歌詞和旋律可以減輕讓你頹喪的思想」

說(shuō)明歌詞和旋律一樣有幫助意義，切題，故選E。

13.根據(jù)本段標(biāo)題"Writewhatevercomestomindtogetyourcreativityflowing."（想到什么就寫(xiě)什么，激發(fā)你

的創(chuàng)造力。）前文“Writing,inandofitself,canhelpyougeneratethoughts."（寫(xiě)作本身可以幫助你產(chǎn)生想法。）

提到了通過(guò)寫(xiě)作可以激發(fā)創(chuàng)造力和靈感。因而空處應(yīng)承接前文，講述要給自己時(shí)間來(lái)寫(xiě)作。選項(xiàng)C.“嘗試每

天15分鐘的自由寫(xiě)作或日記?！闭f(shuō)明了每天要有自由寫(xiě)作時(shí)間，切題，故選C。

14.根據(jù)下文"Evenifyousticktoonetypewhenyouwrite,youcanborrowsmallerconcepts,thelatesttrend,

personalitypreferences,sceneryideas,andsomuchmorefromreadingdifferenttypesofbooks.”（艮［I使你寫(xiě)作時(shí)

堅(jiān)持一種風(fēng)格，你也可以從不同類(lèi)型的書(shū)籍中借用更小的概念、最新的趨勢(shì)、個(gè)性喜好、風(fēng)景觀點(diǎn)等等。）

說(shuō)明通過(guò)閱讀也可以激發(fā)你的創(chuàng)造力和靈感。因而作為段落標(biāo)題句，應(yīng)給說(shuō)明通過(guò)閱讀可以來(lái)尋找靈感的。

選項(xiàng)B."閱讀許多不同的故事來(lái)尋找創(chuàng)造性的靈感?！鼻蓄}，故選B。

15.段落標(biāo)題"Trydoodling（涂鴉）ordrawingtorelaxandstimulateyourcreativity."（試著涂鴉或者畫(huà)畫(huà)來(lái)放松

和激發(fā)你的創(chuàng)造力。）可知，涂鴉或者畫(huà)畫(huà)可以實(shí)現(xiàn)放松，同時(shí)激發(fā)你的創(chuàng)造力。后文"Instead,tryspontaneous

（自發(fā)的）activities,suchasdoodlingorabstractdrawing,asawaytobecreativewithoutthepressurethatcan

comewithcreatingfinishedart."（相反,嘗試自發(fā)的活動(dòng)，如涂鴉或抽象繪畫(huà)，作為一種創(chuàng)造性的方式，沒(méi)

有創(chuàng)造成品藝術(shù)所帶來(lái)的壓力。）可知，涂鴉等自由的繪畫(huà)方式是一種創(chuàng)造性的方式，但不會(huì)帶來(lái)壓力。因

此空處應(yīng)講述相對(duì)涂鴉而言，你不必通過(guò)專(zhuān)業(yè)的畫(huà)來(lái)尋求自己的創(chuàng)造力。選項(xiàng)G.“你可以藝術(shù)地表達(dá)自己，

而不用每次都畫(huà)一幅專(zhuān)業(yè)的畫(huà)。”切題，故選G。

4.（2023上?北京通州?高二統(tǒng)考期末）Imagineachildstandingonadivingboardfourfeethighandasking

himselfthequestion:"ShouldIjump?"Thisiswhatmotivationorthelackofitcando.16Without

motivation,youcanneithersetagoalnorreachit.Likethechildonthedivingboard,youwillstayundecided.

Sohowshouldyoumotivateyourself?17First,youneedtoevaluateyourself,yourvalues,your

strengths,yourweaknesses,yourachievements,yourdesires,etc.Onlythenshouldyousetyourgoals.

Youalsoneedtojudgethequalityanddepthofyourmotivation.Thisisquiteimportant,becauseitisdirectly

relatedtoyourcommitment.Therearetimeswhenyourheartisnotinyourwork.18So,slowdownand

thinkwhatyoureallywanttodoatthatmoment.Clarity。青晰）ofthoughtscanhelpyoumoveforward.

Anotherwayofsettingrealisticgoalsistoanalyzeyourshortandlongtermobjectiveskeepinginmindyour

beliefs,valuesandstrengths.Rememberthatgoalsareflexible.19Theyalsoneedtobemeasurable.You

mustkeepthesepointsinmindwhilesettingyourgoals.

Yourpersonalcircumstancesareequallyimportant.Forexample,youmaywanttobeapilotbutcan't

becomeonebecauseyoureyesightisnotgoodenough.20Youshouldreassessyourgoals,andmotivate

yourselftosetafreshgoal.

Youwillsurelyneedtoovercomesomedifficulties,someplanned,butmostunplanned.Youcannotovercome

themwithoutenoughmotivation.Makesurethatyouplanforthesedifficultiesatthetimeofsettingyourgoals.

A.Theycanchangeaccordingtocircumstances.

B.Communicationhelpstounderstandeachother.

C.Thiscanaffectyourwork.

D.Motivationandgoalsettingarethetwosidesofsamecoin.

E.Sowhyshouldwetrytofindsupportingevidence?

F.Morethanthat,howshouldyoustaymotivatedtoachievethegoal?

G.However,thisshouldnotdiscourageyou.

【答案】16.D17.F18.C19.A20.G

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了動(dòng)機(jī)和目標(biāo)的關(guān)系以及如何激發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)并設(shè)定切實(shí)可行的目標(biāo)。

16.根據(jù)下文“Withoutmotivation,youcanneithersetagoalnorreachit."（沒(méi)有動(dòng)機(jī)，你就既不能設(shè)定目標(biāo)，

也無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)它。）所以空處應(yīng)該講述動(dòng)機(jī)和目標(biāo)的關(guān)系。D項(xiàng)〃動(dòng)機(jī)和目標(biāo)設(shè)定是同一枚硬幣的兩面?！ㄌ岬?/p>

了動(dòng)機(jī)和目標(biāo)是互補(bǔ)的，切題，故選D。

17.上文“Sohowshouldyoumotivateyourself?"（那你該怎么激勵(lì)自己呢？）以問(wèn)題形式提出你應(yīng)該如何激

勵(lì)自己，后文“First,youneedtoevaluateyourself,yourvalues,yourstrengths,yourweaknesses,your

achievements,yourdesires,etc."（首先，你需要評(píng)估你自己，你的價(jià)值觀，你的長(zhǎng)處，你的弱點(diǎn)，你的成就，

你的欲望，等等。）提出了激勵(lì)自己的方式，因而空處應(yīng)承接上文，繼續(xù)以問(wèn)題的形式提出如何保持動(dòng)機(jī)來(lái)

實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)〃更重要的是，你應(yīng)該如何保持動(dòng)機(jī)去實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)？〃，切題，故選F。

18.上文“Therearetimeswhenyourheartisnotinyourwork."（有時(shí)候你的心不在工作上。）,提到對(duì)待工作

你有心不在焉的時(shí)刻。下文說(shuō)“So,slowdownandthinkwhatyoureallywanttodoatthatmoment.〃（所以，減

慢速度，想一想那時(shí)候，你到底想干什么。），所以設(shè)空處應(yīng)承上啟下，講述你的心不在焉會(huì)影響工作，引

出下文相應(yīng)的應(yīng)對(duì)策略。C選項(xiàng)〃這會(huì)影響你的工作〃切題，故選C。

19.上文“Rememberthatgoalsareflexible."（記得，目標(biāo)是靈活的。）可知，目標(biāo)是靈活的。因而空處應(yīng)該承

接上文，講述目標(biāo)靈活的表現(xiàn)是如何的。A選項(xiàng)〃它們會(huì)根據(jù)環(huán)境的改變而改變?！ㄇ蓄}，故選A。

20.上文“Forexample,youmaywanttobeapilotbutcan'tbecomeonebecauseyoureyesightisnotgood

enough.〃（你可能想當(dāng)一名飛行員，但是不能成為一名飛行員，因?yàn)槟愕囊暳Σ粔蚝谩＃┱f(shuō)明了阻礙你實(shí)現(xiàn)

夢(mèng)想的原因是因?yàn)樽约旱囊暳?，即你的身體的缺陷。下文"Youshouldreassessyourgoals,andmotivateyourself

tosetafreshgoal."（你應(yīng)該重新評(píng)估你的目標(biāo)，并且設(shè)定一個(gè)新的目標(biāo)。），講述了我們要實(shí)時(shí)得做出改變，

設(shè)定自己的新的目標(biāo)。因而該空承上啟下，講述對(duì)于自己的缺陷不要?dú)怵H。G選項(xiàng)〃然而，這不應(yīng)該使你氣

餒?！ㄇ蓄}，故選G。

5.（2023上,北京石景山?高二統(tǒng)考期末）Doyouknowwhataresolutionis?21Mostofthetime,we

makepromisestootherpeople—/'Mom,IpromiseI'mgoingtotidymyroomwhenIgetbackfromschool".

However,promisesyoumaketoyourselfareresolutions,andthemostcommonkindisNewYear's

resolutions.Thestartoftheyearisoftenatimeformakingresolutions.Whenwemakeresolutionsatthe

beginningoftheyear,wehopethatwearegoingtoimproveourlives.22Thishelpsthemtoremember

theirresolutions.Otherstelltheirfamilyandfriendsabouttheirwishesandplans.

Therearedifferentkindsofresolutions.Someareaboutphysicalhealth.Forexample,somepeoplepromise

themselvestheyaregoingtostartanexerciseprogramoreatlessfastfood.23Theseareaboutmaking

yourselfabetterperson.Somepeoplemightsaytheyaregoingtotakeupahobbylikepaintingortakingphotos,

orlearntoplaytheguitar.Someresolutionshavetodowithbetterplanning,likemakingaweeklyplanfor

schoolwork.24

Althoughtherearedifferences,mostresolutionshaveonethingincommon.Peoplehardlyeverkeepthem!

Therearegoodreasonsforthis.Sometimestheresolutionsmaybetoodifficulttokeep.Sometimespeoplejust

forgetaboutthem.Forthisreason,somepeoplesaythebestresolutionistohavenoresolutions!25

A.It'sakindofpromise.

B.Howaboutyou—willyoumakeanynextyear?

C.Manyresolutionshavetodowithself-improvement.

D.Forexample,astudentmayhavetofindmoretimetostudy.

E.Doyouknowhowtosticktoyourresolutionaslongaspossible?

F.ANewYear'sresolutionisthegoalthatissetatthestartofanewyear.

G.Somepeoplewritedowntheirresolutionsandplansforthecomingyear.

【答案】21.A22.G23.C24.D25.B

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章介紹了新年的開(kāi)始則是做出自己不同的信念決心，每個(gè)人都有不同的新

年決心。

21.根據(jù)空前的"Doyouknowwhataresolutionis?（你知道什么是決心嗎？）”可知，后文是對(duì)“決心"進(jìn)行回答。

A選項(xiàng)〃tsakindofpromise.（它是一種承諾。）”與前文呼應(yīng)。故選A。

22.根據(jù)后文“Thishelpsthemtoremembertheirresolutions.（這有助于他們記住自己的決心。）〃可知此處表示

某種方式有助于記住自己的新年決心。G選項(xiàng)"Somepeoplewritedowntheirresolutionsandplansforthe

comingyear.（有些人寫(xiě)下他們來(lái)年的決心和計(jì)劃。）〃可知，很多人把新年決心和計(jì)劃寫(xiě)下來(lái)是可以有助于讓

他們記住自己的決心的。故選G。

23.根據(jù)后文“Theseareaboutmakingyourselfabetterperson」這些都是為了讓你成為一個(gè)更好的人。）〃可知，

每個(gè)人會(huì)做出不同的新年決心，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)的新年決心是不斷提升自己成為一個(gè)更好的人。C選項(xiàng)〃Many

resolutionshavetodowithself-improvement.（許多決心都與自我提升有關(guān)。）”中的self-improvement與下文的

abetterperson呼應(yīng)。故選C。

24.根據(jù)前文的"Someresolutionshavetodowithbetterplanning,likemakingaweeklyplanforschoolwork.（有

些決心與更好的計(jì)劃有關(guān)，比如為每周的學(xué)業(yè)制定計(jì)劃。）〃可知，后文應(yīng)該強(qiáng)調(diào)新年決心與學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃有關(guān)系。

D選項(xiàng)"Forexample,astudentmayhavetofindmoretimetostudy.（例如，一個(gè)學(xué)生可能不得不找到更多的時(shí)

間來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)。）〃與前文呼應(yīng)。故選D。

25.根據(jù)前文“Forthisreason,somepeoplesaythebestresolutionistohavenoresolutions!有人說(shuō)最好

的決心就是沒(méi)有決心!）〃可知，有人說(shuō)最好的決心就是沒(méi)有決心，下文應(yīng)該詢問(wèn)讀者的意見(jiàn)。B選項(xiàng)〃Howabout

you—willyoumakeanynextyear?（那你呢你明年會(huì)做嗎？）〃與前文承接，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。

6.（2023上北京海淀?高二統(tǒng)考期末）TheBenefitsofMakingFunofYourself

Beingabletolaughatyourselfisn'talwayseasy.However,makinglightofyourweaknessesandlifechallenges

canhaveanumberofbenefits.Whileitmightsoundsurprising,beingabletomakefunofyourselfcanbegoodfor

yourself-esteem（自尊）.26

Makingfunofyourselfisaformofself-criticalhumor,whichcaninvolvebeingtoomodest,orevenlaughing

atyourselfhumorously.27However;researchsuggeststheytendtobemoreself-confident.Whenthis

typeofhumorisusedtomaintainapositiveattitudeindifficultsituations,itcanhelpenhancewell-beingand

self-esteem.

28Makingfunofyourselfmayhelpmakeyoumorelikableandbuildstrongerrelationshipswith

others.Interestingly,researchsuggeststhatbothmenandwomenthinkthatbeingabletomakefunofyourselfis

anattractivetrait,despitedifferencesintheirwaysofusinghumor.

Laughterhasbeenshowntohaveanumberofstress-fightingbenefits.29Whenyouviewsituations

asthreats,stresslevelsincrease.Shiftingtoamindsetthatallowsyoutoseethesesituationsaschallengescan

transformthisintowhatisknownas"goodstress"thathelpsyoufeelmoreempowered.

Makingfunofyourselfcanhavesomebenefits,butit'simportantnottotakethingstoofar.Ifmakingfunof

yourselfstartsnegativelyimpactingyourmentalhealthorwell-being,it'stimetotakeastepback.30If

youembraceyourweaknessandimperfectionstoareasonabledegree,youwillfeelhappierandimproveyour

relationshipsandoverallwell-being.

A.Findabalancethatworksforyou.

B.Laughingatyourselfhelpsacceptyourself.

C.Peoplearemoredrawntootherswhocanlaughatthemselves.

D.Beingabletolaughatyourselfcanrelievestressbychangingyourview.

E.Makingfunofyourselfindifficultsituationscanreduceyourstressgreatly.

F.Peoplewithsuchasenseofhumoraresometimesregardedashavinglowself-esteem.

G.Itmightevenimproveyourrelationshipsandhelpyoufacechallengesmoreeffectively.

【答案】26.G27.F28.C29.D30.A

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹自嘲的一些好處，他有利于你的自尊，甚至可以改善你的人際關(guān)系，幫

助你更有效地面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)，本文講述的是如何合理地利用自嘲。

26.根據(jù)空前的"Whileitmightsoundsurprising,beingabletomakefunofyourselfcanbegoodforyour

self-esteem（自尊）.（雖然這聽(tīng)起來(lái)可能令人驚訝，但能夠自嘲對(duì)你的自尊有好處。）〃可知，該部分講的是自嘲

的好處，所以此空處應(yīng)選擇的是自嘲的好處，G選項(xiàng)"Itmightevenimproveyourrelationshipsandhelpyouface

challengesmoreeffectively.（它甚至可以改善你的人際關(guān)系，幫助你更有效地面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)。）〃中的even以及其內(nèi)

容講述的是自嘲的好處，符合語(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)。

27.根據(jù)空后“However,researchsuggeststheytendtobemoreself-confident.（然而，研究表明他們往往更自

信。）〃中的however可知，此空與下文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，下文講述的是自嘲可以使人更加的自信，所以此處空應(yīng)

該是與止匕內(nèi)容相反，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Peoplewithsuchasenseofhumoraresometimesregardedashavinglow

self-esteem.（有這種幽默感的人有時(shí)被認(rèn)為是自卑的。）〃的內(nèi)容講述的是自嘲的人被認(rèn)為是自尊心低的人，

符合題意。故選F項(xiàng)。

28.空后的"Makingfunofyourselfmayhelpmakeyoumorelikableandbuildstrongerrelationshipswith

others.（自嘲可能有助于讓你更討人喜歡，并與他人建立更牢固的關(guān)系。）〃講述的自嘲的人更討人喜歡，人們

更愿意與其建立牢固的關(guān)系，C選項(xiàng)“Peoplearemoredrawntootherswhocanlaughatthemselves.（人們更容

易被那些可以自嘲的人所吸引。）〃講述的是人們更喜歡自嘲的人，與下文內(nèi)容吻合。故選C項(xiàng)。

29.根據(jù)空前的段落主題句"Laughterhasbeenshowntohaveanumberofstress-fightingbenefits.（哄堂大笑已

被證明有許多對(duì)抗壓力的好處。）”可知，該段講述的是自嘲有抗壓好處，D項(xiàng)〃Beingabletolaughatyourselfcan

relievestressbychangingyourview.（能夠嘲笑自己可以通過(guò)改變自己的觀點(diǎn)來(lái)緩解壓力。）”講述的為嘲笑自己

能緩解壓力，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)。

30.結(jié)合空前的“Ifmakingfunofyourselfstartsnegativelyimpactingyourmentalhealthorwell-being,it'stimeto

takeastepback.（如果取笑自己開(kāi)始對(duì)您的心理健康或福祉產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響，那么是時(shí)候退后一步了。）〃可知，

如果自嘲影響自己健康，說(shuō)明有些過(guò)度了，而下文中的"Ifyouembraceyourweaknessandimperfectionstoa

reasonabledegree,youwillfeelhappierandimproveyourrelationshipsandoverallwell-being.（如果你在合理的

程度上接受你的弱點(diǎn)和不完美，你會(huì)感到更快樂(lè)，改善你的人際關(guān)系和整體幸福感。）〃說(shuō)的是合理的自嘲會(huì)

讓人感到快樂(lè)，由此可推斷，此空應(yīng)是找到一個(gè)自嘲的平衡點(diǎn)，既要自嘲，又不能過(guò)度，A選項(xiàng)〃Findabalance

thatworksforyou.（找到一個(gè)對(duì)你起作用的平衡點(diǎn)。）〃起到一個(gè)承上啟下的作用，符合題意。故選A項(xiàng)。

7.（2023上?北京東城高二統(tǒng)考期末）ThePowerinAcceptingYourErrors

Itpaystobekindtoyourself.Anewstudyshowsthatbeingcompassionate（同情的）withyourselfwhenyou

makemistakescanreducedepression.

Itisgenerallygoodtoholdyourselftohighstandardsandstrivetodoyourbest.Butsometimespeoplehave

unrealisticviewsofwhattheyshouldachieve.31Thenwhentheymakeamistake,theymaybetoo

unforgivingofthaterror.Itisanunhealthyformofperfectionism.Thisiswhenapersonviewsanythingimperfect

asunacceptable.32

However,self-compassioncanhelpprotectpeoplefromsuchnegativeimpacts,anewstudyfinds.33

"It'softeneasytosaykindandsupportivethingstoourfriendswhenthingsgowrongforthem/saysMadeleine

Ferrari.She'sapsychologistatAustralianCatholicUniversityinSydney.z/lfwecansaythesethingstoourselves,we

willstillreachourgoalsbutwillhavebettermentalhealth/shesays.

34Ferrari'steamwantedtoseeifself-compassionmightweakenthatlink.Theresearcherssurveyed

541teenagersand515adults.Theyaskedthesepeopletofilloutasetofthreequestionnairesandaskedthe

participantstoratetheirlevelsofperfectionism,depressionandself-compassion.

Inbothgroups,peoplewhowerekindertothemselveswerelesslikelytoexperiencesadnessanddepression,

theresearchersfound.35Andthatcouldbeespeciallytrueforperfectionists.

A.Theysetstandardsthataretoohigh.

B.Eventhemostintelligentandproductivepeoplemakemistakes.

C.Thisisagoodexampleofimprovingandchangingbasedonamistake.

D.Self-compassionistreatingyourselfthewayyouwouldtreatagoodfriend.

E.Suchfeelingscanincreasestressandleadtosymptoms（癥狀）ofdepression.

F.Solearningself-compassioncouldimprovetreatmentforthosewithdepression.

G.Previousresearchhasshownthatpeoplewhoareperfectionistsaremorelikelytobecomedepressed.

【答案】31.A32.E33.D34.G35.F

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明