2025年新高一英語暑假提升精品講義（人教版2019）專題16Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld核心單詞、短語、亮句精講+名校新真題精練內(nèi)容導(dǎo)航考點(diǎn)聚焦：核心考點(diǎn)，有的放矢重點(diǎn)速記：知識點(diǎn)和重難點(diǎn)梳理，查漏補(bǔ)缺牛刀小試：知識點(diǎn)和關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練，能力提升高頻考點(diǎn)：模擬新題+提升專練，全面突破考點(diǎn)（一）Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld核心單詞考點(diǎn)梳理考點(diǎn)（二）Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld重點(diǎn)詞匯轉(zhuǎn)化總結(jié)考點(diǎn)（三）Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld重點(diǎn)詞組搭配匯總考點(diǎn)（四）Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld語法解析考點(diǎn)梳理考點(diǎn)（五）Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld書面表達(dá)精講考點(diǎn)（六）Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld牛刀小試考點(diǎn)（七）Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld鞏固提升考點(diǎn)（八）Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld模擬精練考點(diǎn)（一） Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld核心單詞考點(diǎn)梳理（一）核心單詞詞語積累。1.billionnum.數(shù)詞billionn.10億billionsof幾十億，數(shù)以十億計(jì)millionn.百萬millionsof數(shù)百萬hundredsof成百上千hundredsofthousandsof數(shù)十萬的

dozen一打，十二個(gè)hundred一百

thousand一千.trillion萬億2.native①n.本地人；土特產(chǎn)；當(dāng)?shù)鼐用駊l.nativesanativeof........的人anativeofBeijing②adj.本國的，本土的，出生地的benativeto原產(chǎn)于；源于nativespeaker說母語的人nationn.國家，民族，國民nationaladj.國家的，民族的nationalityn.國籍a(chǎn)ttituden.態(tài)度，看法to...udeto.........的態(tài)度看法take/havea/an.....attitudeto...對...采取.....的態(tài)度4.referv.提到,談到,查閱,參考referreferredreferredreferringreferafriend介紹朋友，引見朋友referto談到，提及；查閱，參考；指的是;把...稱作...refer...to.....把....提交給...referto...as...把...當(dāng)成...;稱...為...referencen.指稱關(guān)系,參考referencebooks參考書5.despiteprep.即使，盡管despite=inspiteof盡管，即使即使；盡管despiteprep.常接n/vingevenif/though,although/thoughconj.接從句despite≠evenif/though、though、althoughbase1)n.底部,根據(jù)，基礎(chǔ)，總部，基地2)vt.以...為據(jù)點(diǎn),以...為基礎(chǔ)baseAon/uponB把··建立在··的基礎(chǔ)上bebasedon/upon以···為基礎(chǔ)/依據(jù)拓展：basedadj.以···為基礎(chǔ)的；以···為重要部分(或特征)的basicadj.基本的；基礎(chǔ)的basicallyadv.基本地，大體上，從根本上說basisn.根據(jù)，基礎(chǔ)(pl:bases)onthebasisof…以…為基礎(chǔ)onaregularbasis定期地，經(jīng)常地7.dateback(to.)追溯(到……)只用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)datebackto=datefrom追溯到……(2)outofdate過時(shí)的，陳舊的8.varietyn.(植物語言等的)變體，異體，多樣化n.種類，品種avarietyof=varietiesof各種各樣的variousadj.不同的，各種各樣的varyv.變化，改變，相異，不同varywith...隨著...變化varyfrom···to···從···到···不等；在···到···之間變動varyfrompersontoperson因人而異9.major①n.主修課程，主修學(xué)生②adj.主要的，重要的，大的，嚴(yán)重的mainadj.主要的amajorcause主要原因③vi.主修，專門研究majorin···主修···;以···為專業(yè)majorityn.多數(shù)，大多數(shù)minorityn.少數(shù)，小部分themajority/minorityof......的多/少數(shù)10.meansn.方式，方法，途徑(單復(fù)數(shù)同形)ameans一種方法，途徑manymeans許多方法bymeansof…借助，依靠；通過/憑借…手段/方式bythismeans用這種方法byallmeans沒問題，當(dāng)然可以；務(wù)必bynomeans決不，一點(diǎn)也不meanadj.吝嗇的，刻薄的，壞的vt.(meant)意思是，意味著；打算meaningn.意義meaningfuladj.有意義的meaninglessadj.無意義的11.regard(1)n.尊重，關(guān)注haveregardforsb=showrespectforsb尊重某人/重視某事as/with/inregardtosth關(guān)于，至于inthis/thatregard就這/那點(diǎn)而言haveahigh/noregardfor高度重視/無視···復(fù)數(shù)“regards”意為“問候，致意”●Bestregards/Withkindregards表示良好祝愿，多用于書信中(2)vt.把···視為，看待regard···as···=consider···as···把···看作···認(rèn)為···是regardingprep.關(guān)于，至于12.appreciatevt.欣賞，重視，感激，領(lǐng)會vi.增值注：appreciate后不可接人appreciate+n/pron.代/ving欣賞··;感激···appreciatemusic/worksofart/yourability/yourhelpappreciate(sb)doingsth感激(某人)做某事Iwouldappreciateitif···如果···我將不勝感激appreciate+事：Iappreciateyourhelp.thank+人：Thankyouforyourhelp.注：appreciate后不接todo作賓語，也不能直接跟從句，需先接形式賓語it，再接從句，構(gòu)成Iwouldappreciateitif...句型。appreciationn.欣賞，鑒賞；感激；理解showappreciationto向……表示感激inappreciationof/for...感謝……13.strugglen./vi.斗爭，奮斗，搏斗strugglefor/todosth努力爭取/努力做某事strugglewith/againstsb/sth與···做斗爭struggletoone’sfeet掙扎著站起來14.begv.懇求，乞求，哀求,乞討begbeggedbeggedbeggingbegsbforsth=begsthfromsb(向某人)乞求...；懇求...begsbtodosth懇求(某人)做某事beggarn.乞丐，叫花子15.equal1)n.同等的人；相等物bewithoutequal=havenoequal無與倫比,無敵2)adj.相同的；同樣的；平等的beequalto等于;與...相等;勝任…to為介詞beequalin在……方面相等3)v.等于，比得上AequalsB(insth)A在某方面比得上Bequalityn.平等，相等equallyadv.平等地16.demand1)n.要求；需求(be)in(great)demand非常需要；急需a/thedemandfor對···的需求meet/satisfyone’sdemands滿足……需要ondemand一經(jīng)要求2)vt.強(qiáng)烈要求,需要vi.查問demand(ofsb)todosth要求(某人)做某事demandsthof/fromsb向某人要某物demandthat...(should)dosth要求……做某事(從句用虛擬語氣)demandingadj.(工作)要求高的，費(fèi)力的(人)苛求的，要求極嚴(yán)的賓語從句中需用虛擬語氣的動詞一堅(jiān)持insist二命令order;mand三要求demand;require;request四建議suggest;advise;propose;remend17.descriptionn.描寫(文字)，形容beyonddescription難以形容，無法描述give/provideadescriptionof···描述···;對···進(jìn)行描述/描寫describevt.描述，描寫describe···as···把···描述為···18.relatevt.聯(lián)系，講述relateto...和……相關(guān)；涉及；談到relatesthtosb向某人敘述/講述某事relatedadj.相關(guān)的；有(親屬)關(guān)系的berelatedto和……有關(guān)；和……有聯(lián)系relationn.關(guān)系relationshipn.關(guān)系,relativeadj.相關(guān)的,相對的n.親戚;親屬19.charactern.文字;符號;角色;品質(zhì);性格(1)aleadingcharacter主角incharacter符合某人的性格outofcharacter不符合某人的性格(2)characteristicadj.表現(xiàn)特點(diǎn)的n.特征，特性becharacteristicofsb.是某人的特點(diǎn)20.nomatter+疑問詞無論...;不管...21.pointofview觀點(diǎn)；看法●搭配：fromone’spointofview依照某人的觀點(diǎn)，在某人看來have/getagoodviewof好好欣賞/觀看inone’sview按照某人的觀點(diǎn)，在某人看來eintoview進(jìn)入視野beof+抽象名詞...如:value，use，importance，help，signi?cance，bene?t等。名詞前可用no，some，any，little，much，great等詞修飾。23.the+比較級，the+比較級“the+比較級(+主語+謂語),the+比較級(+主語+謂語)”意為”越…，就越…”1.referencen．指稱關(guān)系；參考→refervi.提到；參考；查閱vt.查詢；叫……求助于2．basedadj.以(某事)為基礎(chǔ)的；以……為重要部分(或特征的)→basevt.以……為基礎(chǔ)n．底部；根據(jù)→basisn．基礎(chǔ)→basicadj.基礎(chǔ)的3．varietyn．(植物、語言等的)變體；異體；多樣化→varyv．變化；不同→variousadj.各種各樣的4．majoradj.主要的；重要的；大的n．主修課程；主修學(xué)生vi.主修；專門研究→majorityn．大多數(shù)5．a(chǎn)ppreciatevt.欣賞；重視；感激；領(lǐng)會vi.增值→appreciationn．感激；欣賞→appreciativeadj.感激的6．globaladj.全球的；全世界的→globen．地球；地球儀7．begvt.懇求；祈求；哀求→beggarn．乞丐8．equaln．同等的人；相等物adj.相同的；同樣的→equallyadv.平等地→equalityn．平等9．demandn．要求；需求vt.強(qiáng)烈要求；需要vi.查問→demandingadj.要求高的10．descriptionn．描寫(文字)；形容→describevt.描述11．relatevt.聯(lián)系；講述→relatedadj.相關(guān)的→relationn．關(guān)系→relationshipn．關(guān)系一、點(diǎn)詞組搭配總結(jié)1、動詞短語一、點(diǎn)詞組搭配總結(jié)berelatedto與……相關(guān)strugglefor為……奮斗datebackto追溯到bebasedon以……為基礎(chǔ)connect...with...把……與……連接adaptto適應(yīng)appreciatesth.欣賞/感激某事o...把……統(tǒng)一為……2、名詞短語writingsystem書寫系統(tǒng)nativespeaker母語使用者Chinesecalligraphy中國書法ancientcivilisation古代文明foreignlanguage外語culturalworldview文化世界觀officiallanguage官方語言3、形容詞+介詞搭配beknownfor因……聞名bedividedinto被分成……beofgreatimportance非常重要begratefulfor對……感激beamazedby對……感到驚訝限制性定語從句中關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句關(guān)系副詞的用法(1)when的用法when指時(shí)間,在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語。它的先行詞通常為time,day,morning,night,week,year等表示時(shí)間的名詞。Therewasatimewhenadeepbluesky,thesongofthebirds,moonlightand flowerscouldneverhavekeptmespellbound.曾有一段時(shí)間,湛藍(lán)的天空、鳥兒 的歌唱、月光抑或是花朵都不能令我著迷。(2)where的用法where指地點(diǎn),在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。它的先行詞通常為place，spot,street,house,room,city，town，country等表示地點(diǎn)的名詞或point(地步),case(情況),situation(情形),position(位置),stage(階段)等表示抽象地點(diǎn)的名詞。Themovieissetinasmalltownwheretheonlymovietheatreispreparingto closedown.這部電影以一座小鎮(zhèn)為背景,這座小鎮(zhèn)唯一的電影院即將倒閉。TheywenttotheRoyalTheatre,wheretheysawaninterestingplay.他們?nèi)チ嘶?家劇院,在那里看了一場有趣的戲劇。(3)why的用法why指原因或理由,它的先行詞只有reason,why在限制性定語從句中作原因狀語。Ihaveearoundtoexplainthereasonwhy(=forwhich)Iwasabsentfrom themeeting.我來是為了解釋我當(dāng)時(shí)沒有到會的原因的。提示：選擇關(guān)系代詞就意味著定語從句一定缺少成分，否則則選擇關(guān)系副詞。（4）theway作先行詞首先要確定關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作什么成分。（1）如果關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作主語或賓語,則用關(guān)系代詞that或which。Theway(that/which)hethoughtoftosolvetheproblemwasnotpractical.他所想到的解決這個(gè)問題的方法不切實(shí)際。（2）如果關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作狀語,則用關(guān)系詞inwhich,that或省略。Thisistheway(that/inwhich)helearnsEnglish.這就是他學(xué)習(xí)英語的方法。2.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句 （1）在介詞+關(guān)系代詞的用法中,關(guān)系代詞只能用whom(指人)和which(指事物)。Itwasin1952andMandelawastheblacklawyertowhomIwentforadvice.那是在1952年,曼德拉當(dāng)時(shí)是一位黑人律師,我向他尋求建議。 I'llneverforgetthedayonwhich(=when)Ifirstmetyou.我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記初次見你的那一天。（2）關(guān)系代詞前介詞的選用①依據(jù)定語從句中動詞的習(xí)慣搭配來確定。Closefriendsarethosetowhomyoufeelsoclosethatitishardtoimaginelifewithoutthem.密友就是那些你感到如此親近的人,以至于你無法想象沒有他們的生活Charityisthecausetowhichheisdevoted.慈善是他摯愛的事業(yè)。②依據(jù)與先行詞的搭配來確定。Thisisthefarmonwhichheworks.這就是他工作的農(nóng)場。(onthefarm)③根據(jù)所表達(dá)的意思來確定。Thecolourlessgaswithoutwhichwecannotliveiscalledoxygen.這種無色的氣體就是氧氣,離開了它我們不能生存。有些“動詞(+名詞)+介詞”的固定搭配,如lookfor,lookafter,callon,takecareof等,不能把介詞提到關(guān)系代詞前。Myyoungestbrother,afterwhomIhavetolook,isverynaughty.(x)Myyoungestbrother,whomIhavetolookafter,isverynaughty.(√)Ⅳ.限制性定語從句關(guān)系副詞使用練習(xí)1).用關(guān)系副詞填空1.Therewasatime_______mylittlebrothergotcrazyaboutplayingputergames.2.Wearelivinginanage_______manythingsaredoneonputer.3.Doyouknowthereason_______hegotangry?4.Thepany_______Iamworkingemploysmorethan7,100people.5.Nowadayspeoplearemoreconcernedabouttheenvironment_______theylive.6.Doyoustillrememberthoseoccasions_______wewalkedandtalkedinthepark?Today,we'lldiscussanumberofcases_______beginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.2).用介詞+關(guān)系代詞填空。1.Guncontrolisasubject_______Americanshavearguedforalongtime.2.Wemustworkevenharderduringtheingwinterholidayandneverforgetthatwearepartoftheschool_______thenameisGuangmingSeniorHighSchool.3.Inourclassthereare46students,_______halfwearglasses.4.Thepen_______heiswritingismine.5.Heboughtabookyesterday,thewriter_______isateacher.6.Idon'tthinkthenumberofthepeople_______thishappensisverylarge.7.Inthestreet,therewasn'tasingleperson_______shecouldturnforhelp.8.Theway_______MissLiuteachesEnglishisquitedifferentfromMissZhao's.答案：1).用關(guān)系副詞填空1、when2、when3、why4、where5、where6、when7、where2).用介詞+關(guān)系代詞填空1、aboutwhich2、ofwhich3、ofwhom4、withwhich5、ofwhom6、towhom7、towhom8、inwhich語言學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷/建議類寫作1.寫作結(jié)構(gòu)（以英語學(xué)習(xí)博客為例）寫作結(jié)構(gòu)：開頭：引出問題（如學(xué)習(xí)困難）。主體：具體問題描述（如聽力、詞匯、語法）。解決方法及原因（如聽廣播、記筆記、用APP）。個(gè)人體驗(yàn)或效果。結(jié)尾：總結(jié)感悟或呼吁行動。。常用句型問題描述：ThebiggestproblemIhaveis...Iusedtostrugglewith...,butnow...提出建議：Ausefulmethodisto...Ithelpsto...because...個(gè)人體會：Whatworksformeis...EversinceIstarted...,Ihave...參考范文MyExperiencewithEnglishVocabularyLearningEnglishvocabularyhasalwaysbeenachallengeforme.Iusedtoforgetwordseasily,andevenifImemorisedthem,Ididn’tknowhowtousethemcorrectly.AhelpfulmethodIfoundiscreatingwordbanks.Igroupwordsbytopic(e.g.,food,culture)andwritedowntheirdefinitions,examples,andevendrawings.Forexample,whenlearning"calligraphy,"Inoteditsmeaningandpractisedwritingtheword.Anothertipisusingflashcardswithpictures,whichhelpsmeconnectwordswithimages.Sincestartingthismethod,myvocabularyhasimprovedgreatly.Icannowrememberwordslongerandusetheminsentences.Thekeyistomakelearningfunandrelevanttodailylife!主題范文：分享活動類AchievementExpoofChinaAerospaceToday’striptotheCityMuseumisreallyamemorableexperienceandthiswillbeengravedinmymindforever.Allsenior3studentsvisitedanexhibitionthemedon“AchievementsofChinaAerospace”.First,weattendedinformativelecturesandwatchedextremelyexcitingvideosaboutlaunchingrockets,whichallowedustogetdeeperinsightsintoChinaAerospace.Thencamethehighlight,experiencingthrillingandfunnyspacewalksinalmostzerogravity.AmazedbytheoutstandingachievementsandtouchedbythespiritofChinaAerospaceexperts,I’llapplymyselftostudysothatIcanmakecontributionstoourcountrylikethemoneday.求助信DearMissWang，MynameisLiHua.I'mwritingalettertoyoutoaskforsomeadviceonEnglishlearning.IhavemetwithmanydifficultiesinlearningEnglishsinceIenteredseniorhighschool.Firstofall,Ifindourtextbookfullofnewwordswhichareverydifficultformetoremember.Besides,thetextsaretoolongformetorecite.What'smore,Ihavegreatdifficultyinwritingandalwaysmakemanymistakesingrammar.Lastbutnotleast,mylisteningandspeakingabilityisweak,makingmedobadlyinlisteningandspeakingexams.Idon’tknowwhattodonow.WouldyouliketointroducemesomeadvicesothatIcanlearnEnglishmoreeasily?Iwouldgreatlyappreciateyourtimelyhelp.Yours,LiHua建議信DearLiuWen，I’mgladtoreadyourblogaskingformyadviceonhowtoimproveEnglishlisteningskills.Hereareafewsuggestions.Firstofall，Ithinkweshouldmemorizeasmanywordsaspossible，especiallytheirpronunciation.Onlythencanwerealizewhatexactlythewordiswhenwelistentotheaudio.Thenweshoulddopracticeasmuchaswecan.Forexample，wecouldlistentotheEnglishvideos，songsaswellaswatchingEnglishmovies.Inthisway，wecanpracticeourlisteningskillsandimproveit.What’smore，wecanalsodosomelisteningexercises.Askourselvessomequestionsaboutthepassagewehear，sowecangetabetterunderstandingofthepassageandgetmoreinformationfromthepassage.Ihopeyouwillfindthesesuggestionshelpful.Yours，LiHuaUnit5重點(diǎn)詞匯用法一、英譯漢1.invest6billionyuantostartapany___________2．beeawell-developedwritingsystem___________3．becauseofbrokenbone__________________4．datefromtheTangDynasty__________________5．understandthelocaldialect__________________6．befondofpaintingandcalligraphy______________7．a(chǎn)nexpertonforeignaffairs__________________8．a(chǎn)specificpurpose__________________9．berudetostickone'tongueoutatpeople___________10．beverybusythissemester__________________11．thepriceofpetrol__________________12．takethesubway__________________13．a(chǎn)pairofpants__________________二、補(bǔ)全短語1.theattitude________對……的態(tài)度2.refer________指的是；查閱3.neither...________...既不……也不……4.notonly...________also...不但……而且……5.beknown________因……而聞名6.lead________導(dǎo)致7.beconnected________與……有關(guān)聯(lián)8.ups________downs浮沉；興衰9.depend________依靠……取決于……10.joke________sb.和某人開玩笑11.major________主修；專攻三、漢譯英1.__________________主要因素之一2．__________________閱讀經(jīng)典作品3．__________________在古代4．__________________作為一種藝術(shù)形式5__________________中國書法6．__________________欣賞中國的文化和歷史7．_____________導(dǎo)致多種方言和漢字的形成8．__________________消除我們之間的距離四、重點(diǎn)詞匯用法1refer______________過去式referto____________；__________；___________________________查閱書/詞典______________稱……為……2.varyvary_________...________...從……到……變化/不等vary______________隨著……變化vary______________在……方面不同____________________________各種各樣的3.base1)base...______________...把……建立在……基礎(chǔ)之上2)______________adj.基本的；基礎(chǔ)的______________n.基礎(chǔ)；根據(jù)____________________________定期4.regardv._____________________________把……看作……；認(rèn)為……是……n.______________havehighregardfor...____________________________giveone'sregardstosb.__________________________________________________關(guān)于5.appreciate______________;______________1)appreciate______________重視/感激……__________________________假如……，我將不勝感激appreciatetheimportance/significance/valueof..._______2)convey/expressone'sappreciation______________6.struggle1)struggle______________為……而斗爭/奮斗struggle______________與某人/某事做斗爭struggle______________努力做某事______________掙扎著站起來2)itisastruggle(forsb.)todosth.______________________7.equal______________________能勝任；比得上；等于______________________A(在……方面)比得上B_________________＝__________________同樣重要____________________________無與倫比8.demand1)______________要求(某人)做某事demandthat______________要求……做某事2)ademand______________...對……的需(要)求______________one'sdemands滿足某人的需求/要求____________________________需求大；受歡迎means1）n.__________________________________________一種……工具/方式____________________________用這種方法________________________用……方法；借助……__________________決不；一點(diǎn)也不(置于句首，主謂部分倒裝)v.__________________________________________意味著____________________________打算做datev.追溯到_____________=______________N.Todate___________________________outofdate___________________________uptodate___________________________make/set/fixadatefor___________________________五、詞性轉(zhuǎn)換1.n.指稱關(guān)系;參考→vi.提到;參考;查閱vt.查詢;叫……求助于2.adj.以(某事)為基礎(chǔ)的;以……為重要部分(或特征的)→vt.以……為基礎(chǔ)n.底部;根據(jù)→n.基礎(chǔ)→adj.基礎(chǔ)的adv.基礎(chǔ)地；3.n.(植物、語言等的)變體;異體;多樣化→v.變化;不同→adj.各種各樣的4.adj.主要的;重要的;大的n.主修課程;主修學(xué)生vi.主修;專門研究→n.大多數(shù)5.vt.欣賞;重視;感激;領(lǐng)會vi.增值→n.感激;欣賞→adj.感激的6.adj.全球的;全世界的→n.地球;地球儀7.vt.懇求;祈求;哀求→過去式n.乞丐8.n.同等的人;相等物adj.相同的;同樣的→adv.平等地→n.平等9.n.要求;需求vt.強(qiáng)烈要求;需要vi.查問→adj.要求高的10.n.描寫(文字);形容→vt.描述11.vt.聯(lián)系;講述→adj.相關(guān)的→n.關(guān)系答案：Unit5重點(diǎn)詞匯用法1.invest6billionyuantostartapany投資60億元?jiǎng)?chuàng)辦公司2．beeawell-developedwritingsystem成為一個(gè)完善的書寫體系3．becauseofbrokenbone因?yàn)楣钦哿?．datefromtheTangDynasty追溯至唐朝5．understandthelocaldialect懂當(dāng)?shù)胤窖?．befondofpaintingandcalligraphy喜歡畫畫和書法7．a(chǎn)nexpertonforeignaffairs外事專家8．a(chǎn)specificpurpose一個(gè)特定的用途9．berudetostickone'tongueoutatpeople向別人吐舌頭是非常不禮貌的10．beverybusythissemester這學(xué)期很忙11．thepriceofpetrol汽油價(jià)格12．takethesubway乘地鐵13．a(chǎn)pairofpants一條短褲1.theattitude__to/towards__對……的態(tài)度2.refer_to___指的是；查閱3.neither...__nor___...既不……也不……4.notonly...___but__also...不但……而且……5.beknown_for___因……而聞名6.lead_to___導(dǎo)致7.beconnected__with__與……有關(guān)聯(lián)8.ups__and__downs浮沉；興衰9.depend_on__依靠……取決于……10.joke__on_sb.和某人開玩笑11.major__in___主修；專攻1.oneofthemainfactors主要因素之一2．readtheclassicworks閱讀經(jīng)典作品3．inancienttimes在古代4．a(chǎn)sanartform作為一種藝術(shù)形式5．Chinesecalligraphy中國書法6．a(chǎn)ppreciateChina'scultureandhistory欣賞中國的文化和歷史7．leadtomanyvarietiesofdialectsandcharacters導(dǎo)致多種方言和漢字的形成8．bridgethegapbetweenus消除我們之間的距離四、重點(diǎn)詞匯用法1refer___referred___過去式referto___指的是____；_提到_____；____查閱___refertoabook/dictionary_查閱書/詞典referto...as...__稱……為……2.varyvaryfrom...to...從……到……變化/不等varywith隨著……變化varyin在……方面不同avarietyof/varietiesof_各種各樣的3.base1)base...on/upon...把……建立在……基礎(chǔ)之上2)basic_adj.基本的；基礎(chǔ)的basis_n.基礎(chǔ)；根據(jù)onaregularbasis_定期4.regardv.把……視為；看待regard...as...把……看作……；認(rèn)為……是……n.尊重；關(guān)注_havehighregardfor...敬重/敬佩……_giveone'sregardstosb.代某人問候某人with/inregardto_關(guān)于5.appreciate欣賞；感激__1)appreciaten./pron./v.-ing_重視/感激……Iwouldappreciateitif...假如……，我將不勝感激appreciatetheimportance/significance/valueof...意識到……的重要性/意義/價(jià)值2)convey/expressone'sappreciation表達(dá)感激6.struggle1)strugglefor_為……而斗爭/奮斗strugglewith/against_與某人/某事做斗爭struggletodosth._努力做某事struggletoone'sfeet_掙扎著站起來2)itisastruggle(forsb.)todosth.(對于某人而言)做某事真是難事7.equalbeequalto(doing)sth.能勝任；比得上；等于AequalsB(in...)A(在……方面)比得上Bbeofequalimportance＝beequallyimportant同樣重要withoutequal/havenoequal_無與倫比8.demand1)demand(ofsb.)todosth.要求(某人)做某事demandthat(should)dosth要求……做某事2)ademandfor...對……的需(要)求meet/satisfyone'sdemands滿足某人的需求/要求means1）n.方式；途徑ameansof..._一種……工具/方式bythismeans_用這種方法bymeansof...__用……方法；借助……bynomeans決不；一點(diǎn)也不(置于句首，主謂部分倒裝)v.意味著；打算meandoing意味著meantodo打算做datev.追溯到datebackto=datefrom_N.todate迄今為止_outofdate過時(shí)的；陳舊的_uptodate最新的_make/set/fixadatefor約定……日期_五、詞性轉(zhuǎn)換1.referencen．指稱關(guān)系；參考→refervi.提到；參考；查閱vt.查詢；叫……求助于2．basedadj.以(某事)為基礎(chǔ)的；以……為重要部分(或特征的)→basevt.以……為基礎(chǔ)n．底部；根據(jù)→basisn．基礎(chǔ)→basicadj.基礎(chǔ)的3．varietyn．(植物、語言等的)變體；異體；多樣化→varyv．變化；不同→variousadj.各種各樣的4．majoradj.主要的；重要的；大的n．主修課程；主修學(xué)生vi.主修；專門研究→majorityn．大多數(shù)5．a(chǎn)ppreciatevt.欣賞；重視；感激；領(lǐng)會vi.增值→appreciationn．感激；欣賞→appreciativeadj.感激的6．globaladj.全球的；全世界的→globen．地球；地球儀7．begvt.懇求；祈求；哀求→beggarn．乞丐8．equaln．同等的人；相等物adj.相同的；同樣的→equallyadv.平等地→equalityn．平等9．demandn．要求；需求vt.強(qiáng)烈要求；需要vi.查問→demandingadj.要求高的10．descriptionn．描寫(文字)；形容→describevt.描述11．relatevt.聯(lián)系；講述→relatedadj.相關(guān)的→relationn．關(guān)系→relationshipn．關(guān)系Ⅰ．單句語法填空Thegirlneverrefersanythingunpleasanttohermotherwhentheyaretalking.ThefireineasternAustraliahaskilledmanyanimals(native)tothecountry.Everypossiblemeans(use)topreventthecrash,buttheputerstilldoesn’twork.Itisimportanttotakeapositiveattitudelifewhenyouareintrouble.Hetookcoursesatalocalcollege,wherehemajoredmusic.Iwouldappreciateifyoucouldgivemesomeadviceonhowtodealwithmypresentsituation.Hi,Mom,whichiswidelyregardedthetopdarkhorse,hastakenmorethan5.3billionattheboxofficeinChina.China’svictoryinpovertyreductionhasofferedhopeandprovidedavaluableframeof(refer)fortheworld,especiallythedevelopingcountries.paniesfrom(variety)countriesarecloselylinkedinthisglobalworld.Iwouldliketoexpressmy(appreciate)toyouforkeepingmepanywhenIwasinabadmood.Withmostcountriesandregionsstruck,the(globe)battleagainstCOVID19hasarrivedatanimportantstage.Peoplewhousedhorsestopullheavyloadswouldhavechosen(keep)strongeranimals.Thisaffectsthebirds’nervous(system)andabilitytoproducebabybirds.RobertKoppsaidthatthe20thcenturysearisewasbigwhen(pare)tothepast3,000years.Chinese(speak)bythelargestnumberofpeopleintheworld.Allpossiblemeanshave(try)tofindawaytosettletheproblem.Inancienttimes,thewood(carve)intotheshapeofaflower.Bytheendoflastyear,we(deal)withmorethanathousandcaseslikethis.SometimesIenjoy(play)thepiano,butsometimesIfinditisreallyboring.Thiskindofbinationoftheoryandpracticeisvery(meaning).Ⅱ.語法填空Doyouwanttolearnaforeignlanguage?Chooseoneofthemost1.（use）languagessuggestedbelowtolearn.Inmostcountriesallovertheworld，Englishisthemostwidelyusedsecondlanguage.Whetherapersonistravelingtoaforeigncountryormunicating2.peoplefromother3.（country）forbusinesspurposes，Englishisonelanguagewhichwilleinhandyateverystep.Spanishisthelanguageofbusinessinabouttwentycountries.TherearemanyjobsintheUnitedStatesaswellasinmanyothercountries，whichspeciallyaskforpeople4.knowhowtospeakandwriteSpanish.TheChineseeconomyisbooming!Inthefuture，China5.（bee）richandpowerful，whichmakes6.theperfecttimetolearnMandarinChinese，alanguage7.（speak）bymillionsofpeople.French8.（recognize）asoneof