2022高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練4閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案.ATheearliestusageofthewordselfiecanbetracedasfarbackasin2002.ItfirstappearedinKarlKruszelnicki's'DrKarlSelf-ServeScienceForum',anAustralianinternetforum(論壇)on13September,2002.Theconceptofuploadinggroupself-takenphotographstotheInternet,althoughwithadisposablecameraandnotasmartphone,datestoawebpagecreatedbyAustraliansinSeptember2001,includingphotostakeninthelate1990s.Theterm"selfie"wasdiscussedbyphotographerJimKrausein2005,althoughphotosintheselfiegenrewereearlierthanthewidespreaduseoftheterm.Intheearly2000s,beforeFacebookbecamethedominantonlinesocialnetwork,self-takenphotographswereparticularlycommononMySpace.Between2006and2009,the"MySpacepic"becameanindicationofbadtasteforusersofthenewerFacebooksocialnetwork.Withimprovementsindesign—especiallythefront-facingcameraoftheiPhone4(2010),mobilephotoappsledtotheregrowthofselfiesintheearly2010s.Initiallypopularwithyoungpeople,selfiesgainedwiderpopularityovertime.BytheendofTimemagazineconsideredselfieoneofthe"top10buzzwords"ofthatyear;althoughselfieshadexistedlongbefore,itwasin2012thattheterm"reallyhitthebigtime".Accordingtoa2013survey,two-thirdsofAustralianwomenaged18—35takeselfies一themostcommonpurposeforwhichispostingonFacebook.ApollconductedbysmartphoneandcameramakerSamsungfoundthatselfiesmakeup30%ofthephotostakenbypeopleaged18-24.InNovembertheword"selfie"wasannouncedasbeingthe"wordoftheyear"bytheOxfordEnglishDictionary,whichgavetheworditselfanAustralianorigin.SelfieshavealsobeentakenbeyondEarth.Selfiestakeninspaceincludethosebyastronauts,animagebyNASA'sCuriosityroverofitselfonMars,andimagescreatedbyanindirectmethod,whereaself-portraitphotographtakenonEarthisdisplayedonascreenonasatelliteandcapturedbyacamera.Selfiesintheearly2000sreferredtopicturestaken.byasmartphonebyadisposablecamerabyAustraliansinearliertimesWhatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Peopleknewtheterm“selfie”wellbefore2005.B.UsersofFacebookdon'tliketopostselfies.C.Socialnetworkshelpedselfiegainitspopularity.D.iPhone4startedthenewfashionoftakingselfies.3.Whenwastheterm“selfie”consideredtobemostpopular?2012.B.2013.C.2010.D.2009.4.Whatdoestheauthorwanttosayinthelastparagraph?Astronautsliketotakeselfiestoo.Itisnoteasytotakeselfiesinspace.C.Curiosity'sselfieonMarsisamiracle.D.Selfiesarepopularandwellenjoyed.B閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案.TheMEGADRONEbigenoughtocarryapassenger:Chinesefirmsaysself-flyingcraftcouldbeusedasasmarttaxi.Theall-electricvehiclehasfourarmswitheightpropellersattheendallowingittotravelupto60mph.Ehang（廣州億航公司）saysthe184isautonomous,soallthepassengerhastodoisentertheirfinaldestinationintoanapp.FAA（美國(guó)聯(lián)邦航空局）regulatorshavenotapprovedthedroneforhumanuseintheUS,butEhangishopefultheywilldosoon.Costisyettoberevealedandthecompanyclaimsacommercialversionofthecraftwillbeavailablethisyear.AChinesedronemakerhasrevealedagiantquadcopter—bigenoughtofitapassenger.EHangclaimstobebuildingtheworld'sfirst“AutonomousAerialVehicle”fortransportingpeople.UnveiledatCES（消費(fèi)電子展）inLasVegasandcalledthe184,theall-electricvehiclehasfourarmswithatotalofeightpropellersattheend.“YouknowhowitfeelstositinaFerrari（法拉利）？Thisis10timesbetter,"GeorgeYan,co-founderofEhangsaidinaninterviewwithDailyM.Thecompanysaysthe184isautonomous,soallthepassengerhastodoisenterintheirdestinationinthesmartphoneapp,sitback,andletthedronetakeover.There'snooptiontotakecontrolofthe184remotely.Thecockpit（駕駛艙）isempty,apartfromastandtoplaceasmartphoneortabletandacupholder.“Ithinkinallofusthereisthatlittlekidsays'Iwanttofly',”saidYan.“Idon'twanttogetapilotlicenseafterfiveor10hoursofflying,Iwanttodoitrightaway.We'remakingthatdreamhappen.”EHang'sindependentlydevelopedFail-SafeSystemensuresthatifanycomponentsmalfunction,orifthere'sdamagewhiletheAAVisin-flight（i.e.fromabird）,theaircraftwillimmediatelybegintakingthenecessaryprecautionstoensuresafety.The184'sFail-SafeSystemautomaticallyevaluatesthedamageanddetermineswhethertheAAVwillneedtolandtoensureitspassenger'ssafety.TheEHang184AAVflightcontrolsystemshavemultiplesetsofsensorsthatprovidethedroneaconstantstreamofreal-timedata.The184'scommunicationsystemwasalsodesignedwithasafetyguarantee:everysystemisencrypted,andeachAAVcomeswithanindependentkey.Intheeventofanemergency,passengerscanelecttohaltflightandsimplyhoverintheairwithjustoneclick.Thefullyready-to-fly184isamanneddronecapableofautomaticallycarryingapassengerthroughtheair,simplybyenteringadestinationintoitsaccompanyingsmartphoneapp.The184usesmultipleindependentflightcontrolsystemstoautomaticallynavigatepassengersfrompointAtopointB.TheEHang184hasbuiltinreinforcementsforallflightsystems,sothatintheunlikelyeventthatacomponentdoesfail,multiplebackupsarealreadyinplacetoseamlesslytakeover.Howmanyarmsandpropellersisthedroneequippedwith？Fourarmsandeightpropellers.EightarmsandFourpropellers.Fourarmsandfourpropellers.Eightarmsandeightpropellers.Fromthepassage,weknowtheEhang.willmanufacturethe184inbatchcommerciallythisfallisthefirstChinesefirmthatlaunchsuchautodroneshownatCESinCaliforniahasn'tgotapprovalfromFFAforhumanuseuntilnowensuresthe100%safetyoftheself-flyingintheunlikelyeventAccordingtothepassage,theattitudeofauthortowardthedroneisrelatively.satisfactorypessimisticneutralPracticalFromthecontext,Thebesttitlewillpossiblybe.Ehang184,10timesbetterthanFerrariOneofwonderfulaerialvehiclesThemegadronecapableofcarryingapassengerSuccessfuldronemakerCGooglemaybeleadingthewayindevelopingitsownself-drivingcar,butmoreandmoretechfirmsarejoiningtheracetomakeautonomousvehiclesmainstream.NowSamsunghassaiditissettingupateamtodevelopacarcomponentsbusinessfocusingonautonomousdrivingtechnologyandentertainmentsystems.AndfellowAsianfirm,Baidu,hasrevealedambitiousplanstobuildautonomousbusesthatcouldreplaceolderformsofpublictransport.LikeGoogle,thecompanydesirestouseitsmappingdatainautonomousvehicles.SeniorVicePresidentWangJing,toldTheWallStreetJournalthatthefirmisdevelopingself-drivingvehiclesthatwillactaspublicbuses.China'sstatenewsagency,XinhuahasreportedthatsearchengineBaiduhasalreadymadeaself-drivingcarwhich,intests,hitspeedsof62mph(100km/h).ThemodifiedBMW3SeriesGranTurismowastestedonexpresswaysnorthofBeijinganduselaserradars（激光雷達(dá)），sensors（傳感器）,andcamerasalongsidebespokedeep-leaningandmappingsoftware.Whilethefirmhasnotrevealedplanstobringthecarstomarket,thefirstautonomouspublictransportcouldbeontheroadsinjustthreeyears.BaidusaiditisindiscussionswithChineseandforeignautomakers.Futurevehicleswillbedesignedtooperateonfixedroutesorwithinspecificareas,makingthemmoresuitedtopublictransportwithsetroutes,ratherthanimpulsiveconsumerdrivers.MrWangsaid:“Wewillcooperatewithsomegovernmentstoprovidesharedvehicleslikeashuttleservice;itcouldbeacarorvan,butforpublicuse.”ChinesebusmakerZhengzhouYutongBusCoisalreadysaidtohavetestedaprototypeselfdrivingbusona20mile（33km）drivethroughcentralChinaandclaimsithassuccessfullychangedlanes,passedothervehiclesandrespondedtotrafficlights.Baiduhasrevealeditsplanstodevelopthatcouldbeonroadsinthreeyears.laserradarsB.self-drivingcarsC.autonomousbusesD.carWhatcanweinferfromthepassage?Baiduhasalreadymasteredself-drivingtechnology.Autonomouscarswillbefashionableinthefuture.Smartphoneshaveconnectionswithself-drivingcars.Googlehasmadethebestself-drivingcarssofar.IasimpulsiveconsumerdriversdotravelonfixedroadsorinspecificareasusesensorsalongwithmappingsoftwarehavetheappearanceofacarorvanWherecanwemostlikelyreadthispassage?FromanE-mailFromasciencefictionInatechnologyreportInacelebritymagazineDoyoueverthinkthatit'skindofcrazythatwecanorderpizzafromourcellphonesandyetnoonecanfigureouthowtostop（oratleastslow）theinevitablemarchtowardsdeath?Well,you'renotalone.Sciencehasbeentryingtofigureoutthiswholeagingthingforalongtimenow,andanewdevelopmentjustcouldbeoneofthosewatershed（分水嶺）momentsinhistory.AccordingtotheNewZealandHerald,anewanti-aging（抗衰老的）drugisgoingtobetestedonhumansubjectsstartingnextyear.Thepotentialresultofthiscouldmeanthatwe,humanbeings,couldextendourlifespansto120yearsofageandbeingoodhealthtotheveryend.Thedruginquestionisawidelyuseddiabetes（糖尿病）pillcalledMetformin（二甲雙胍）andcostsmerecentstomake.Metforminhelpstoincreaseoxygenflowonthecellularlevel,therebyslowingthenecessarycelldivisionsthatkeepourbodiesbothfunctioningcorrectlybutultimatelyleadtoaging.Belgianresearchershavetestedthedrugonroundworms,andhavehadpositiveresultssothenextstepistodoahumantrial.“Ihavebeendoingresearchintoagingfor25yearsandtheideathatwewouldbetalkingaboutaclinicaltrialinhumansforananti-agingdrugwouldhavebeenthoughtinconceivable,”saysagingexpertProfessorGordonLithgow.“Butthereiseveryreasontobelieveit'spossible.Thefutureistakingthebiology