1、五年級上冊英語語法知識點一、注意名詞單復(fù)數(shù)：1、可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)用于： How many 后面； some/any/many/a lot of/ two, three后面； these/those后面all the后面； between后面跟一種物體時，這個物體用復(fù)數(shù) like 后面are前面的人稱和名詞用復(fù)數(shù)：we/they/the children2、名詞復(fù)數(shù)的變化規(guī)則：1）一般直接+s： bears， students，2） 以 s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾，力口 es： bus-buses box-boxes,3）以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，把y變?yōu)閕,再加ies :library libra

2、ries hobby-hobbies story-stories4） 不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù):man-men， woman-women， policeman-policemen,foot-feet, Child-children3、不可數(shù)名詞：water, soup, milk, juice, tea, coffee, bread（ 面包），rice（米 飯 ）, hair 等等。二、注意一般現(xiàn)在時動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)；（注：所有否定句、疑問句中，動詞都用原形。）1、肯定句中哪些情況下用第三人稱單數(shù)：（俗稱：三單）1）人稱代詞he, she, it作主語時;2）單個人名、地名或稱呼作主語時；3）單數(shù)可數(shù)

3、名詞或"this / that / the+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞"作主語時；4）不可數(shù)名詞作主語時；5、當(dāng)數(shù)字或字母作主語時，等等2、動詞第三人稱單數(shù)變化規(guī)則如下：1） 一般情況下，動詞后面直接加s.如：works / plays/ reads2）以s. x. sh. ch或o結(jié)尾的動詞，在后面加es.例:teach-teaches, watch-watches, do-does, go-goes3）以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動詞，把y變?yōu)閕,再加es例：study- studies fly-flies carry-carries4）不規(guī)則動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)：have has; beis

4、三、人稱代詞、名詞所有格及序數(shù)詞單數(shù)一二三復(fù)數(shù)一二三土格IyouhesheItweyouthey賓格meyouhimherItusyouthem物主代詞my我的your你的his他的her她的Its它的our我們的your你們的their他們的1、主格用來作句中的主語，用于動詞前面。例：They are doctors.2、賓格用來作句中的賓語，放在動詞或介詞的后面。本冊書上出現(xiàn)的詞組：in front of her show her around push me teach you What' swrong with him? write him a letterHere'

5、a Christmas card for you. Let me.chat with them on the Internetgive it a cake3、形容詞性物主代詞+名詞形容詞性物主代詞，之所以叫它們形容詞是因為他們 必須放在名詞前面。4、名詞所有格 作形容詞性，表示所屬關(guān)系；在人名或稱呼后加，s以s結(jié)尾的，直接加如：mother-s parents'5、序數(shù)詞 first-second-third-fourth 1）序數(shù)詞一般要與 the連用；2）在某一 層樓用介詞on。四、選擇和用所給詞適當(dāng)形式填空1、哪些情況加動詞原形（注：有to時，to跟后面的動詞原形放在同一空格）1

6、） want to + 動詞原形2）would like to + 動詞原形3） it's time to+動詞原形4）情態(tài)動詞can+動詞原形5）助動詞（do, does , dont, doesn,t） +動詞原形6) let+動詞原形7)祈使句中動詞用原形(如Do yourhomework, please.)8)否定句在句首加 Don't (如 Don't do your homework, please)創(chuàng)詞原 形2、哪些情況加動詞ing1) like 2) go 3) be good at 4) be 5)后面跟名詞，如 swimming lesson動詞+i

7、ng變化規(guī)則如下：A、直接力口上 ing: draw-drawing play-playing read-readingB、以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加上ingskate-skating make-making dance-dancinghave-having come-coming write-writingC、以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的單詞要雙寫尾字母，再加上 ing從單詞的末尾開始往前數(shù)符合“輔音-元音-輔音”結(jié)構(gòu)的。(注：詞尾是w和y的除外，如：drawing, playing等除外);run-running sit-sittingput-putting chat-chattingget-gett

8、ing swim-swimming stop-stopping shop-shopping3. 形容詞加名詞(形名) 如：a beautiful girl4. 動詞加副詞（動副）如：swim well5. Some 和 any 用法:“somS 一般用于肯定句，“any”用于否定句和疑問句。但在一些表示委婉請求，想得到對方肯定回答時也用“ some'。（小技巧：末尾是句號，句 中是any,那這句型是否定句）6. There be結(jié)構(gòu)就近原則，be動詞的選擇取決于緊跟在后面的名詞數(shù) 量。如：There is a teacher and some students in the class

9、room.7. 樂器前加 the,球類前不加 the.如：play the piano, play football8. Who當(dāng)作特殊的第三人稱 單數(shù)（Who sings well?）9. 一般現(xiàn)在時構(gòu)成:1）主語+be（am,is,are）+其它。2）主語+行為動詞+其 它。關(guān)鍵詞：always, usually, often, sometimes, on Sundays, every（注：主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，動詞力口 s, e娥輔音+y時，把y變?yōu)閕再加eg 其他店' 候動詞用原形）10. 現(xiàn)在進行時關(guān)鍵詞：look, listen, now （注:be動詞（is am are）

10、動詞ing,兩 者缺一不可）11. and前后謂語動詞一致。指當(dāng)句子中有兩個或兩個以上的謂語動詞共用同一個主語時，一般謂語動詞的時態(tài)保持一致。She oftengoesfishing and takes photos. Let's go and have some chicken.12. 相同意思不同用法的辨析：13. ；there is/are 和 have/hasthere is/are 表示在某地有某物（或某人）；表示存在；there be就近原 則；have/has表示某人有某物；表示所屬關(guān)系；前面必須有主語。2） 也；too-either-alsotoo用于肯定句和疑問句句末

11、；either用于否定句句末；also用于句中。3）者B; both-allboth用于兩者都；all用于三者及以上都。4）好；good-wellgood+名詞；動詞+well 。5）和；with-andwith是介詞，意思是“和一起”，后面跟名詞或代詞的賓格。and是連詞，意思是“和"，用and連接兩個單數(shù)名詞或代詞作主語時, 謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。五、句型轉(zhuǎn)換同義句:1. It's time for sth= It ' time to do sth該是時間了（注：for 后面跟名詞；to后面跟動詞原形）It s time for dinner.=It s time to

12、 have dinner.2. What time is it?=What s the time? 幾點呢？3. There is（are） no （s）=There isn't / aren f any 沒有 4. have no- = don' have （any）沒有They have no legs or arms. =They don t have any legs or arms.5. has no = doesn have （any） 沒有6. I like picnics. = I like having picnics.注：like 后面跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)或動名詞（動

13、詞+ing） 7. show sth （K物）to sb（某人）=show sb （M物）sth（某人）向展示東西8. give sth（某物）to sb（某人尸give sb保物）sth（某人）給人 東西9. What a lovely ant!= How lovely the ant is! 多么可愛的螞蟻啊10. That is Jan usmbrella.= That umbrella is Jan s. 那是杰的傘11. Whats wrong with him? = What s the matter with him? 他怎么了？否定句1、有 be 動詞（am, is ,ae ,

14、 be 后直接加 not （am not/ is not=isn力 are not=aren t）;2、有 can, can 后直接力口 not （can not=cadt）;3、只有動詞，在動詞原形前加 don't三單動詞前加doesn't,動詞變回原 牘。He does his homework.（改成否定句） He doesdt do his homework.一般疑問句：用Yes或No回答的句子1、有be動詞，be動詞提前；2、有 can或 would, can或 would 提前；3、只有動詞，句首加Do/ Does,動詞用原形;注意：I ' m變 Are y

15、ou ; some變 any; my 變 your; and 變 or .特殊疑問句：有特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句There be句型提問：1、對數(shù)量提問：1） How many +名詞復(fù)數(shù)+ are there +介詞短語？（注：對there be后面可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量提問時，無論主語是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，者B用復(fù)數(shù)形式提問）例:There ar24classrooms in our school? / Themlyioneclassroom in our school?（ 劃線部分提wHow many classrooms are there in our school?（注： 上面兩句提問， 都是這

16、句子）2） How much +不可數(shù)名詞+ is there +介詞短語？例：There is some milk in the glass.（對劃線部分提問）How much milk is there in the glass?2、對主語提問there be針對主語提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：What' +介詞短語？（注：對there be后面的主語提問時，無論主語是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，都用What's 提問）例：There aresix books on the desk. / There isa book on the desk.阿戈U線部 分提問）What' s

17、 on the desk?注：上面兩句提問，都是這句子）感嘆句的結(jié)構(gòu)：感嘆句常用 how或what來引導(dǎo)（1） what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句，最終修飾的是名詞（2） how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句，最終修飾的是形容詞/副詞What a lovely ant!= How lovely the ant is! 多么可愛的螞蟻??！對劃線提問，疑問詞：What問什么；What colour問顏色；What time問具體時間（如幾點鐘）； when問范圍廣的時間；where問在哪里；How old問年齡；how many問 數(shù)量（可數(shù)名詞）；how much 1）問數(shù)量（不可數(shù)名詞）， 2）問價錢；how about 問

18、怎樣；who 問誰（人） ； whose 問誰的東西（問主人）；同音詞：B be bee,C see sea,R are, Ttea, Uyou, Y why,I-eye,too-two-to,fourfor,here hear, theretheir, rightwrite,sunson,noknow,pairpear,it sits,buybybye,hihigh,wear where, aren taunt, who s whose,近義詞 （ 或同義詞） ：Many lots ofa lot of,desk table,like love,tall highnear beside, t

19、oo also, listen hear,look see,class lesson,glass cup,home house, beautiful pretty, usually often,hi hello,speak say talk, river lake, would like want, go home come home 反義詞 （ 或?qū)?yīng)詞） ：yes no, this that, these those, here there, go come, open close, bigsmall, fatthin, tall short, longshort, black white

20、,happy sad,hotcold, cool warm,soft hard, on under, in frontof behind,in out,boy girl,man woman,wrong right, down up,sitstand, eas尸 difficult, take off（脫下）put on（穿上） 完整形式：Im I am,were we are,you reyou are,hes he is,itsit is, theresthere is,isntis notwhoswhois,Letslet us, IdIwould, cant can not,dontdo

21、 not, doesn tdoesnot特殊的名詞復(fù)數(shù)： man men, woman women,policeman policemen,child children,foot feet,fish fish,people people, Chinese-Chinese三單動詞變化：特殊的：do -does； go-goes； have-has； teach teaches；watch-watches ；wash-washes;push-pushes ； brush-brushes;catch-catches； study - studies； fly-flies； 其余的直接加s.動詞變名詞

22、:A. 一般情況下在動詞后面直接加er。teach-teacher , workworker, play player, sing singer, find finderB.以e結(jié)尾的動詞直接加r。write writer,drive driver, come comer, dance dancerC. 符合重讀閉音節(jié)的動詞，先雙寫最后一個字母，再加er。run runner, begin beginner, swim swimmerD. 部分單詞在詞尾加or。visit visitor，act actorE. 本身既是動詞又是名詞。cook cook,doctor doctorCulture

23、 板塊 : U1, U2, U3, U5, U6, U7.1) . U1: Coffee is popular in Western countries. 咖啡在西方國家受歡迎。2) . U2: In the UK, this is the ground floor.floor.在英國，這是一樓。3) . U3: You can see pandas in China.the US.你在中國可以看到熊貓。You can see polar bears in Canada.Tea is popular in China.茶在中國受歡迎。In the US, this is the first在美

24、國，這是一樓。You can see bald eagles in你在美國能看到禿鷹。You can see kangaroos in13Australia.你在加拿大能看到北極熊。你在澳大利亞能看到袋鼠。4) . U5: In the US, we call a policeman a “cop” .In the UK, we call a firefighter a “fireman ".在美國，我們稱呼警察為cop。在英國，我們稱呼消防隊員為 fireman。5) . U6: We write Chinese addresses like this.我們這樣書寫中文地址。(國名

25、一地名一人名，由大到小)We write English addresses like this.我們這樣書寫英文地址。(人名一地名一國名，由小到大)6) . U7: Basketball is very popular in the US. Football is very popular in the UK.籃球在美國很受歡迎。足球在英國很受歡迎。Table tennis is very popular in China.乒乓球在中國很受歡迎?？磭鞂憞颐?U6)UKAustraliaChinaCanadaSound time:U1:U2:Sound timeMy uncle has

26、a 匚0ld1And my Lousin too!The doctor comes and 箏叫工 “Put on your root5, loij two!Alii e and I sing and danteH And drink some nice juke! Then we go to the cinema. And have nice ke cream?uikecotrrEJp doctorcinemadan:eite creamjuireni.eU3:U4:Sound timeSound time CiDo tou like wearing followYellow? Yellov

27、v? Yes!I have yellow shoes, a yelkn And a Ljellow dress?Rubber duck likes tho rain, Bvt he doesn't like sunntj weather. So when the summer sun comes ou, He carries an umbrella!busducksummersun.jmbrpl a%eQyesyoungU5:U6:Sound timeSound timeHigh, high in the 5kqi can see a butterfly. High, high in the skyt I wish 1 could fly FIn一 inter, v/uter turns v