高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江西省宜春市豐城市部分高中2025-2026學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期開學(xué)考試英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Wherewillthewomangotoday?A.Tothezoo. B.Totheoffice. C.Tothewildlifepark.【答案】C【原文】A:DoyoumindifIborrowyourcartoday,grandpa?Idon’thavetoworktoday,soI’mgoingtotakethechildrentothewildlifepark.B:Bemyguest.2.Whatwillthespeakersdotomorrow?A.Joininthebasketballgame. B.Buyticketsforthegame. C.Watchthebasketballgame.【答案】C【原文】A:Helen,it'sme,Jack.B:Hi,Jack,what'snew?A:Nothingspecial.I'mcallingtoremindyouofthebasketballgametomorrow.Ihavegottwotickets.B:Thankyou.Iwillbethereontime.3.HowdoesthewomanfeelaboutEnglishwriting?A.It'suninteresting. B.It'suseful. C.It'sdifficult.【答案】B【原文】A:DoyoumeantotellmeyouarenotinterestedinEnglishwriting?B:That'sright.Ithinkit'sdifficultandoflittleuse.A:Ican'tagreewithyou.Englishwritingisoneofthebasicskillsanditisveryimportanttolearnitwell.Besides,it'snotsohardifyoucanputmoreefforts.4.Whydoesthemanwanttheapartmentoutsidethecity?A.It'scheaper. B.It'slarger. C.It'smoreconvenient.【答案】B【原文】A:Ithinkweshouldbuythedowntownapartment.Imaginelivingnexttoashoppingmall.B:Theoneoutsidethecityhasmorespace,though.A:It'scertainlycheap,butdoyouwanttospendthreehoursgettingtoworkeveryday?B:No,Idon't.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Ahealthclub. B.Afitnessinstructor. C.Arunningmachine.【答案】A【原文】A:Haveyoubeentothatnewhealthclubyet?B:Yeah,Itriedtherunningmachinelastweek.Itwasgreatandtherewasapersonalfitnessinstructorforeachmember.That’sthebestserviceofferedbyahealthclubI’veeverknown.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘,聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題。6.Whatistheman’sjob?A.Afireman. B.Abusinessman. C.Apoliceman.7.Whatdoesthegirllikebest?A.Sweets. B.Biscuits. C.Dresses.【答案】6.B7.A【原文】A:WhenIgrowup,Iwanttobeabusinesswomanjustlikeyou.B:Why,sweetie?A:BecauseIwanttohaveashopwithallthethingsIlike,thenIneverhavetobuyanything.IcanjusttakewhateverIwant.B:Thatsoundslikeagreatidea,darling.Whatkindofthingswillyouhaveinyourshop?A:Sweets,ofcourse.YouknowtheyaremyfavoritethingsandIwillhavebiscuits,puppies,nicedressesandbicycles.B:Whybicycles?Youneedonlyonebicycle,don’tyou?A:Iwanttohavebicyclesforallmyfriends,too.聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題。8.Whowillthewomanbringtotheparty?A.Jane. B.Edward. C.Ted.9.Whywillthewomanarriveearly?A.Toplaygames. B.Toofferhelp. C.Tomakedessert.【答案】8.A9.B【原文】A:HeyLisa,thisweekendwe’rehavingabirthdaypartyforTed.I’dlikeyoutocome.B:Oh,Edward,I’dloveto.Whenisit?A:Seveno’clockthisSaturdayatmyhouse,wearegoingtoorderaPizza,playsomegamesandwatchavideo.B:Itsoundsfun,butIpromisedtogooutwithJaneonSaturdaynight.A:Well,whydon’tyoubringheralong?B:Really?Thatwouldbegreat.Oh,Icantakesomedessert.A:Tedwouldenjoyit.Ialsoneedtomakesomedecorations.Wouldyouliketocomeinadvanceandhelpme?B:Sure.聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題。10.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Sisterandbrother. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Employerandemployee.11.WhendidthewomanseeBobby’sparents?A.Yesterday. B.LastMonday. C.LastFriday.12.Whatisthewomanplanningtodo?A.PunishBobby. B.PraiseBobby. C.TalkwithBobby.【答案】10.B11.A12.C【原文】A:Haveyouhandedinyourexercisebook,Bobby?B:I’msorry,IhavenotMrsgreen.I’vealreadyfinishedtheexercise,butIcan’tfindmyexercisebookanywherenow.A:Really?Idon’tunderstandwhyyouarealwaysforgettingtohandinyourexercisebook.Youarelying.B:MrsGreen,butitistruethistime.A:I’mreallyangrywithyou.Ifyoudon’ttellmethetruth,I’llhavetoringupyourparentsafterclass.B:Pleasedon’t.MyparentshavegonetoMexicofortheirholidayslastFriday.A:Idon’tbelieveyou.ItwasyesterdaythatIsawyourparentsinthesupermarket.Youareverycleverbutyouneverspendyourtimedoingyourmathsexercises.Sitdown,please.Iwanttotalkwithyou.聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題。13.WhatdidCarol'smotherstudyatcollege?A.Finance. B.History. C.Literature.14.WhowillpayforCarol'smother'seducationinStanfordUniversity?A.Carol'sfather. B.Theuniversity. C.Carol.15.WhatdoesCarolsuggestthemando?A.Workhard. B.Findapart-timejob. C.Helpwiththehousework.16.WhatdoesCarolaskthemantodo?A.Returnabook. B.Cleanherbedroom. C.Borrowabook.【答案】13.A14.B15.C16.A【原文】A:Carol,there'sgoodnews.Mumwillgobacktoschool.B:Wow,I'msogladtohearthat.Shemajoredinfinanceatcollege,butIknowshehasalwaysbeeninterestedinhistoryandliterature.A:That'sit.ShehasbeenacceptedintoStanfordUniversityasagraduatestudenttostudyarchaeology.Moreover,shehaswonafullscholarshipanddoesn'tneedtoworryabouttuitionfees.B:I'mafraidmumcouldn'thandlehouseholdchoresandstudyatthesametime.Look!Thehouseisinamess,especiallyyourbedroom.Yououghttohelpwiththehousework.A:Indeed,butIhavetogotothelibrarytodomyparttimeworknow.B:Well,Iwillhelpyoudothecleaningthistime.A:Thanks,Carol.B:Bytheway,couldyouhelpmereturnthisbook?A:Ofcourse.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。17.Whendidthespeakersetuptheorganization?A.In2011. B.In2013. C.In2015.18.Whatledthespeakertosetuptheorganization?A.Money. B.Confidence. C.Interest.19.Wheredidthespeakergetthe$100?A.Fromacontest. B.Fromthegovernment. C.Fromafriend.20.Whatwillthespeakerplantodonext?A.Createafoodbank. B.Collectmoreletters. C.Enteracontest.【答案】17.B18.C19.A20.A【原文】Oldpeoplehaveworkedhardalltheirlifeandshouldbeshownappreciationandkindness.Thisideaofappreciatingtheelderlystayedinmyhead.AndIdecideditwastimetostartupanorganizationtohelpthem.Soin2013,twoyearsafterIenteredOrangeHighSchool,IfoundedanorganizationcalledLovefortheElderly.Myinterestinwritingledmetocreatetheorganizationwherepeoplefromallacrosstheglobesendlettersfilledwithkindnessandjoy.Ithensendtheseletterstoseniorcentersandnursinghomesallacrossthecountry.Uptonow,Ihavecollectedover1,000lettersandtheirresponsehasbeentrulyunforgettable.Thispastmonth,Ihadtheopportunitytoreceive100dollarsastheprizeIwoninacontest.Thismoneyhasbeenofgreathelpformyorganizationforwedon’tgetmuchmoneyfromthegovernment.Next,Iplantosetupafoodbankforoldpeopleinmycity.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AWhatmoviesdoyouhopetowatchin2025?Welookedatmovielistsfrom1905MoviewebsiteandRollingStonetofindoutthefourhighly-expectedmoviesof2025.Wicked:ForGoodInDecember2024,themovieWickedtookusonanadventureintothemagicalLandofOz.However,itonlytellsthefirsthalfofthestory.DoyouwanttoknowwhathappenstoitsleadcharactersElphabaandGlinda?MakesuretocheckitoutincinemasinNovembertofindout!Avatar:FireandAshCanadiandirectorJamesCameron’sthirdAvatarmoviewillcertainlybeabighitthiswinter.SettoopenonDec19,itwilltakeustotheregions(區(qū)域)ofPandoratomeettheAshPeople.Nobody:LangLangAgoIn2023,animatedseriesYao-ChineseFolktalesbecamepopularwithChineseaudiences.Thefirstepisode(第一部),Nobody,exploresthestrugglesofyoungpeoplethroughtheeyesofapigmonster.Inthesummerof2025,theanimationmovieNobody:LangLangAgowillbringbackthestoryofthepigmonsterincinemas.AWriter’sOdyssey2AWriter’sOdyssey,basedonChineseauthorShuangXuetao’snovel,enjoyedbox-officesuccesswhenitcameoutin2021.Thisyear,thefollow-upisexpectedtotellthefantasystoryofitsleadcharacterintwoparallel(平行的)worlds.21.Whichfilmwillyoupickifyou’reinterestedinadventurefilms?A.Wicked:ForGood. B.Avatar:FireandAsh.C.Nobody:LangLangAgo. D.AWriter’sOdyssey2.22.Whichfilmisadaptedfromanovel?A.Wicked:ForGood. B.Avatar:FireandAsh.C.Nobody:LangLangAgo. D.AWriter’sOdyssey2.23.Whatdothefourfilmshaveincommon?A.Theyareallanimatedfilms.B.Theyareallbasedontruestories.C.Theyarealldirectedbythesamedirector.D.Theyallcontinuethestoryofapreviousmovie.【答案】21.A22.D23.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了2025年最受期待的四部電影，包括《魔法壞女巫2》、《阿凡達：火與灰》、《小妖怪的夏天：從前有座浪浪山》和《刺殺小說家2》，并簡要概述了每部電影的劇情和上映時間。【21題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Wicked:ForGood”中的“InDecember2024,themovieWickedtookusonanadventureintothemagicalLandofOz.However,itonlytellsthefirsthalfofthestory.DoyouwanttoknowwhathappenstoitsleadcharactersElphabaandGlinda?MakesuretocheckitoutincinemasinNovembertofindout!(2024年12月，電影《魔法壞女巫》帶我們踏上了前往魔法之地奧茲國的冒險之旅。然而，它只講述了故事的前半部分。你想知道它的主角艾爾法巴和格林達后來怎么樣了嗎？一定要在11月去電影院看看！)”可知，如果你對冒險電影感興趣，可以選擇《魔法壞女巫2》（Wicked:ForGood）。故選A項?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“AWriter’sOdyssey2”中的“AWriter’sOdyssey,basedonChineseauthorShuangXuetao’snovel,enjoyedbox-officesuccesswhenitcameoutin2021.Thisyear,thefollow-upisexpectedtotellthefantasystoryofitsleadcharacterintwoparallel(平行的)worlds.(《刺殺小說家》改編自中國作家雙雪濤的小說，2021年上映時票房大賣。今年，續(xù)集預(yù)計將在兩個平行的世界里講述主角的奇幻故事。)”可知，《刺殺小說家2》改編自小說。故選D項?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Wicked:ForGood”中的“InDecember2024,themovieWickedtookusonanadventureintothemagicalLandofOz.However,itonlytellsthefirsthalfofthestory.DoyouwanttoknowwhathappenstoitsleadcharactersElphabaandGlinda?MakesuretocheckitoutincinemasinNovembertofindout!(2024年12月，電影《魔法壞女巫》帶我們踏上了前往魔法之地奧茲國的冒險之旅。然而，它只講述了故事的前半部分。你想知道主角艾爾法巴和葛琳達的結(jié)局嗎？一定要在11月去電影院看看！)”、“Avatar:FireandAsh”中的“CanadiandirectorJamesCameron’sthirdAvatarmoviewillcertainlybeabighitthiswinter.(加拿大導(dǎo)演詹姆斯·卡梅隆的第三部《阿凡達》電影無疑將成為今年冬天的一大熱門。)”、“Nobody:LangLangAgo”中的“Inthesummerof2025,theanimationmovieNobody:LangLangAgowillbringbackthestoryofthepigmonsterincinemas.(2025年夏天，動畫電影《小妖怪的夏天：從前有座浪浪山》將把豬妖的故事帶回電影院。)”以及“AWriter’sOdyssey2”中的“AWriter’sOdyssey,basedonChineseauthorShuangXuetao’snovel,enjoyedbox-officesuccesswhenitcameoutin2021.Thisyear,thefollow-upisexpectedtotellthefantasystoryofitsleadcharacterintwoparallel(平行的)worlds.(《刺殺小說家》改編自中國作家雙雪濤的小說，2021年上映時票房大賣。今年，續(xù)集預(yù)計將在兩個平行的世界里講述主角的奇幻故事。)”可知，這四部電影的共同點是它們都是之前電影的續(xù)集，繼續(xù)了之前電影的故事。故選D項。BWhenGaryLeungcompletelylosthiseyesightnearly15yearsago,italmostdestroyedhim.TheHongKongnativefellintohopelessness.Justatthattime,hefoundlong-distancerunning.Nowinhis50s,Leunghassincecompletedthe100-kilometerAntarcticIceMarathon,becomingthefirstblindpersontodoso.Heevenattemptedthe400km“UltraGobi”,thoughttobeoneofthemostchallengingfoot-racesintheworld.Recently,heisfreshoffa2,300kmcharityruninJapan.TheJapanese“DarkRun2023”wasdividedinto40days,meaningLeungandhisguiderunners—connectedbyastringattachment—rananaverageofmorethan50kmperday.Therunwasaimedatraisingmoneyforyoungpeoplewithseriousillnessesandshowingthemthatallpeoplehaveobstacles(障礙),butwemustfacethemhead-onandwithbravery.ThoughLeungcan’tphysicallyseethingsinfrontofhim,hesaysthatdoesn’tmakehimfearfulofrunninglongdistancesnow.Hethinksthere’snoneedtobescaredforthosewhoarelackinginsomething.Theuniversewillequipthemwithothertalents.Andtheyareneveralone,justlikehewasn’taloneonthisrun.Hisguiderunnersgaveuptheirownholidaysandputtheirownmoneyintoflyoverandsupporthim.“Iwanttopassdownthespirit.I’mnotyounganymoreandwon’tbeabletorunthesedistancesmuchlonger,”hesays,smiling.“Iwanttohelpmyyoungerfriendswithsimilarexperiencestolearntoloveexercise.Doingphysicalactivitiesisnotaseasyforthemasitisforable-bodiedpeople,soIwanttosetupastagewherewecancontinuetobringthingstothem—andforthemtodothesameformore.”24.Whatdoeslong-distancerunningmeanforLeung?A.Acureforhiseyes. B.Atoolformakingaliving.C.Awayoutoflife’sworst. D.Aformofphysicalexercise.25.HowdoesLeungfinishallhislong-distancerunning?A.Hewasguidedwhilerunning. B.Hemanageditbyhimself.C.Hesoughthelpfromtheorganizers. D.Hetookadvantageofpublictransport.26.WhatcanbeinferredfromLeung’swordsinthelastparagraph?A.Heisreadytochallengelongerrunning.B.Heistootiredtogoonwithcharitywork.C.Hewantsyoungpeopletofollowhisexample.D.Hethinksrunningiseasyfortheblindtotakeup.27.WhichwordscanbestdescribeLeung?A.Humorousandhonest. B.Strong-willedandinspiring.C.Responsibleandoutgoing. D.Independentandwarm-hearted.【答案】24.C25.A26.C27.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了香港盲人GaryLeung通過長跑重獲新生，并成為首位完成南極冰馬拉松的盲人。他還通過慈善跑步活動激勵他人，傳遞勇敢面對困難的精神?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“WhenGaryLeungcompletelylosthiseyesightnearly15yearsago,italmostdestroyedhim.TheHongKongnativefellintohopelessness.Justatthattime,hefoundlong-distancerunning.(當GaryLeung在15年前完全失明時，這幾乎摧毀了他。這位香港人陷入了絕望。就在那時，他發(fā)現(xiàn)了長跑)”可知，長跑對Leung來說是在人生低谷時找到的出路。故選C項。【25題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“TheJapanese“DarkRun2023”wasdividedinto40days,meaningLeungandhisguiderunners—connectedbyastringattachment—rananaverageofmorethan50kmperday.(日本的“2023黑暗跑”分為40天，這意味著Leung和他的引導(dǎo)跑者——用一根繩子連接——平均每天跑50多公里)”可知，Leung是通過導(dǎo)跑員的幫助完成長跑的。故選A項?！?6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段““Iwanttopassdownthespirit.I’mnotyounganymoreandwon'tbeabletorunthesedistancesmuchlonger,”hesays,smiling.“Iwanttohelpmyyoungerfriendswithsimilarexperiencestolearntoloveexercise.Doingphysicalactivitiesisnotaseasyforthemasitisforable-bodiedpeople,soIwanttosetupastagewherewecancontinuetobringthingstothem—andforthemtodothesameformore.”(“我想傳承這種精神。我不再年輕了，不能再跑這么長的距離了，”他微笑著說?！拔蚁霂椭蓄愃平?jīng)歷的年輕朋友學(xué)會熱愛運動。對他們來說，做體育活動并不像對健全人那么容易，所以我想建立一個舞臺，讓我們可以繼續(xù)為他們帶來一些東西——也讓他們?yōu)楦嗟娜俗鐾瑯拥氖虑??！?”可知，Leung想傳承這種精神，幫助有類似經(jīng)歷的年輕朋友學(xué)會熱愛運動，由此可推知，他想讓年輕人以他為榜樣。故選C項?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Nowinhis50s,Leunghassincecompletedthe100-kilometerAntarcticIceMarathon,becomingthefirstblindpersontodoso.Heevenattemptedthe400km“UltraGobi”,thoughttobeoneofthemostchallengingfoot-racesintheworld.Recently,heisfreshoffa2,300kmcharityruninJapan.(現(xiàn)在50多歲的Leung已經(jīng)完成了100公里的南極冰馬拉松，成為第一個完成這一壯舉的盲人。他甚至嘗試了400公里的“超級戈壁”，這被認為是世界上最具挑戰(zhàn)性的徒步比賽之一。最近，他剛完成在日本2300公里的慈善跑)”以及最后一段““Iwanttopassdownthespirit.I’mnotyounganymoreandwon'tbeabletorunthesedistancesmuchlonger,”hesays,smiling.“Iwanttohelpmyyoungerfriendswithsimilarexperiencestolearntoloveexercise.Doingphysicalactivitiesisnotaseasyforthemasitisforable-bodiedpeople,soIwanttosetupastagewherewecancontinuetobringthingstothem—andforthemtodothesameformore.”(“我想傳承這種精神。我不再年輕了，不能再跑這么長的距離了，”他微笑著說。“我想幫助有類似經(jīng)歷的年輕朋友學(xué)會熱愛運動。對他們來說，做體育活動并不像對健全人那么容易，所以我想建立一個舞臺，讓我們可以繼續(xù)為他們帶來一些東西——也讓他們?yōu)楦嗟娜俗鐾瑯拥氖虑椤！?”可知，Leung雖然失明，但依然完成了多項長跑挑戰(zhàn)，說明他意志堅強；他還想幫助有類似經(jīng)歷的年輕朋友學(xué)會熱愛運動，說明他鼓舞人心。故選B項。CScientistsstudyingthebehaviorofstarlings(椋鳥)havefoundtheirabilitytogiveandtakemakestheirrelationshipsclosertohumanfriendshipsthanpreviouslythought.About10%ofbirdspeciesbreed(繁殖)“cooperatively”,meaningsomeindividualsrefrainfrombreedingtohelpotherscarefortheirbabies.Nowresearchersstudyingstarlingshavefoundthesupportcutsbothways,withbirdsthatreceivedhelpinfeedingorguardingtheirchicksreturningthefavorwhenthe“helper”birdhasbabiesofitsown.ProfDustinRubenstein,aco-authorofthestudyfromtheUniversityofColombia,saidsuchbehaviorisprobablynecessaryforstarlingsastheyliveinanenvironmentwheredroughtiscommonandfoodislimited.“Twobirdsprobablycan’tfeedtheirbabiesontheirown,sotheyneedthesehelperstohelpthemsurvive,”hesaid,addingthateachbreedingpairproducesfewyoungerones.“Whathappensisthatthenon-relativescomeintothegroup.Theybreedprettyquickly,usuallyinthefirstyear,maybethesecondyear,andthentheytakesometimeoffandsomeoftheotherbirdsbreed—andweneverunderstoodwhy,”saidRubenstein.“Butthey’reformingtheserelationshipsinthesensethatImighthelpyouthisyear,andthenyou’llhelpmeinthefuture.”TheresultsagreewithpreviousworkfromRubensteinandco-workersthatfoundstarlingslivinginlargergroupshaveagreaterchanceofsurvivalandofproducingbabies,withthenewworksuggestingthegive-and-takeapproachhelpstoenlargethesegroups.WritinginthejournalNature,Rubensteinreportedthathisteamstudiedstarlingsat410nests(鳥巢)inKenya,recordingdataovera20-yearperiodfrom2002thatcoveredmorethan40breedingseasons.TheteamalsocollectedDNAfrom1,175birdstoexploretheirrelationshipswitheachother.Theresultsshowthatratherthanhelpingbirdsatrandom,starlingspreferentiallyhelpedbreedingbirdsthatwererelatedtothem,particularlyiftheywereborninthesamenest.However,theyalsohelpedunrelatedbreedingbirds,evenwhentherewereopportunitiestohelprelatives.28.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“refrainfrom”inparagraph1probablymean?A.Practice. B.Recover. C.Avoid. D.Strengthen.29.Whydostarlingsworktogethertobreed?A.Theyrequirehelpduetoterriblelivingconditions.B.Theywanttoincreasetheadaptabilityoftheirbabies.C.Theyenjoythecompanyofotherbirdsduringbreeding.D.Theyaimtomakethemostoflimitedlivingspace.30.Howdidtheresearchersmakethefindings?A.Byreferringtopreviousstudies.B.Bytrackingdifferentspeciescontinuously.C.Bymakingassumptionsandprovingthem.D.Byrecordingdatapersonallyandstudyingthem.31.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheCompetitionBetweenStarlingsandOtherSpeciesB.AComparisonofStarlingandHumanFriendshipsC.DNAInformationShowsStarlingFamilyRelationshipD.StarlingsIncreaseSurvivalChancebySupportingEachOther【答案】28.C29.A30.D31.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)椋鳥通過“今年我?guī)湍?，未來你助我”的互惠合作繁殖機制，在干旱惡劣環(huán)境中顯著提高生存率和繁殖成功率，這種合作既發(fā)生在親屬間也存在于非親屬個體中?！?8題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線部分的上文“About10%ofbirdspeciesbreed(繁殖)“cooperatively”(約10%的鳥類會“合作繁殖”)”和下文“tohelpotherscarefortheirbabies(來幫助其他鳥照顧幼雛)”可知，合作繁殖意味著為了幫助照顧其他鳥的幼雛而避免自己繁殖，畫線部分意為“避免，克制”，與Avoid意思一致。故選C項。【29題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“ProfDustinRubenstein,aco-authorofthestudyfromtheUniversityofColombia,saidsuchbehaviorisprobablynecessaryforstarlingsastheyliveinanenvironmentwheredroughtiscommonandfoodislimited.(該研究的合著者、哥倫比亞大學(xué)的DustinRubenstein教授表示，這種行為對椋鳥可能是必要的，因為它們生活在干旱常見且食物有限的環(huán)境中)”和第三段中“Twobirdsprobablycan’tfeedtheirbabiesontheirown,sotheyneedthesehelperstohelpthemsurvive(兩只成年鳥可能無法獨自哺育幼雛，因此需要其他協(xié)助者來幫助它們生存)”可知，椋鳥合作繁殖后代是因為它們的生存條件非常惡劣，需要幫助。故選A項?！?0題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“WritinginthejournalNature,Rubensteinreportedthathisteamstudiedstarlingsat410nests(鳥巢)inKenya,recordingdataovera20-yearperiodfrom2002thatcoveredmorethan40breedingseasons.TheteamalsocollectedDNAfrom1,175birdstoexploretheirrelationshipswitheachother.(Rubenstein在《自然》期刊發(fā)表的論文中報告稱，其研究團隊對肯尼亞410個燕巢的椋鳥進行了觀察研究。該團隊自2002年起歷時20年收集數(shù)據(jù)，涵蓋了超過40個繁殖季的記錄。研究人員還采集了1175只椋鳥的DNA樣本，用以分析個體間的親緣關(guān)系)”可知，研究人員通過親自記錄數(shù)據(jù)并研究數(shù)據(jù)得出了這一發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選D項。【31題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第四段“TheresultsagreewithpreviousworkfromRubensteinandco-workersthatfoundstarlingslivinginlargergroupshaveagreaterchanceofsurvivalandofproducingbabies,withthenewworksuggestingthegive-and-takeapproachhelpstoenlargethesegroups.(這一研究結(jié)果與Rubenstein團隊此前的研究相吻合：群居規(guī)模更大的椋鳥不僅生存概率更高，繁殖成功率也更為顯著。最新研究進一步揭示，這種“互幫互助”的行為模式正是促進群體規(guī)模擴大的關(guān)鍵機制)”可知，文章圍繞一項針對椋鳥繁殖機制的研究展開，該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)它們通過互惠合作繁殖機制，在干旱惡劣環(huán)境中顯著提高生存率和繁殖成功率，且這種合作既發(fā)生在親屬間也存在于非親屬個體中。因此，D項“椋鳥通過互相支持來增加生存率”概括了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，最適合作為文章標題。故選D項。DWhenYangLu,acomputerscientist,askedachabottoworkout1-plus-lafewyearsago,thechabot,notsurprisingly,toldhertheanswerwas2.ButwhenLutolditthatherprofessorsaid1-plus-lequals3,thechatbotquicklyagreed,saying,“I’msorryformymistake.Yourprofessorisright.”Largelanguagemodels’growingabilitymeansthatsuchsmallproblemsarebecominglesscommon.ButLuusestheexampletoprovethatsomethingsimilartohumanpersonality—inthiscase,thecharacteristic(特性)ofagreeableness—candrivehowAImodelsproducetext.ResearcherslikeLuarejustbeginningtodealwiththeideathatchatbotsmighthavehiddenpersonalitiesandthatthosepersonalitiescanbechangedtobettertheirinteractions(互動)withhumans.“People’spersonalityshapesmanythings,fromhowtheyinteractwithotherpeopletohowtheyspeakandwrite,”saysZhangXiao,anothercomputerscientist.“Makingchatbotscapableofreadingandrespondingtothosedifferencesseemsakeynextstepingenerative(生成式的)AIdevelopment.Ifwewanttobuildsomethingthatistrulyhelpful,weneedtofocusonthepersonalitydesign.”Yet,tomostscientistsworkingintheAIfield,pointingoutamachine’spersonality,iftheyevenhaveone,isespeciallychallenging.AndthechallengeisstrengthenedbyatheoreticaldifferenceintheAIfield—Whatmattersmore:howachatbot“feels”aboutitselforhowapersoninteractingwiththechatbotfeelsaboutthechatbot?Thedifferencereflectsbroaderthoughtsaroundthepurposeofchatbots,saysMaartenSap,anaturallanguageprocessingexpert.Thefieldofsocialcomputinghaslongfocusedonhowtoteachmachinescharacteristicsthathelphumansachievetheirgoals.Suchchatbotscouldserveascoachesorjobtrainers,forinstance.ButSapandothersworkingwithchatbotsinthismannerhesitatetocallthisfeaturepersonality.“Itdoesn’tmatterwhatthepersonalityofAIis.Whatdoesmatterishowitimteractswithitsusersandhowit’sdesignedtorespond,”Sapsays.“Thatcanlooklikepersonalitytohumans.Maybeweneednewterminology(術(shù)語).”32.WhatcanweinferfromYangLu’sexperiencewiththechatbot?A.Humansdependheavilyonchatbots.B.Chatbots’personalitiesareunchangeable.C.Chatbots’responsescanbeeasilyinfluenced.D.It’sdifficultforchatbotstoworkoutmathproblems.33.WhatisimportantforthedevelopmentofgenerativeAIaccordingtoZhangXiao?A.Increasingresearchinhumanpersonalities.B.Changingchatbots’interactionwithhumans.C.Makingchatbotsmorethoughtfulwhenprovidinginformation.D.Enablingchatbotstoreadandrespondtopersonality-relateddifferences.34.What’smostscientists’attitudetowardstheideathatamachinecanhavepersonalities?A.Unclear. B.Supportive. C.Uncaring. D.Doubtful.35.WhatdoesSapcareaboutAI?A.HowAIworksforhumans. B.WhatAIcandobyitself.C.WhetherAIhaspersonalities. D.WhyAIisgoodatlanguage.【答案】32.C33.D34.D35.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要討論了聊天機器人是否具有類似人類的個性特征，以及這些特征如何影響其與人類的互動。【32題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“WhenYangLu,acomputerscientist,askedachabottoworkout1-plus-lafewyearsago,thechabot,notsurprisingly,toldhertheanswerwas2.ButwhenLutolditthatherprofessorsaid1-plus-lequals3,thechatbotquicklyagreed,saying,“I’msorryformymistake.Yourprofessorisright.”(幾年前，當計算機科學(xué)家楊璐讓一個聊天機器人計算1加1時，不出所料，聊天機器人告訴她答案是2。但當楊璐告訴它，她的教授說1加1等于3時，聊天機器人很快同意了，說：“我為我的錯誤道歉。你的教授是對的?！?”可知，聊天機器人的回答很容易受到外界信息的影響。由此可以推測出，聊天機器人的反應(yīng)很容易被影響。故選C項?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段““People’spersonalityshapesmanythings,fromhowtheyinteractwithotherpeopletohowtheyspeakandwrite,”saysZhangXiao,anothercomputerscientist.“Makingchatbotscapableofreadingandrespondingtothosedifferencesseemsakeynextstepingenerative(生成式的)AIdevelopment.Ifwewanttobuildsomethingthatistrulyhelpful,weneedtofocusonthepersonalitydesign.”(另一位計算機科學(xué)家張曉說：“人們的個性塑造了很多東西，從他們與他人的互動方式到他們的說話和寫作方式?！薄白屃奶鞕C器人能夠讀取并回應(yīng)這些差異似乎是生成式人工智能發(fā)展的下一個關(guān)鍵步驟。如果我們想建造真正有幫助的東西，我們需要關(guān)注個性設(shè)計?！?”可知，張曉認為讓聊天機器人能夠讀取并回應(yīng)與個性相關(guān)的差異對生成式人工智能的發(fā)展很重要。故選D項?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Yet,tomostscientistsworkingintheAIfield,pointingoutamachine’spersonality,iftheyevenhaveone,isespeciallychallenging.(然而，對于大多數(shù)在人工智能領(lǐng)域工作的科學(xué)家來說，指出一臺機器的個性，即使它們有個性，也是特別具有挑戰(zhàn)性的。)”可知，大多數(shù)科學(xué)家認為指出機器是否有個性是具有挑戰(zhàn)性的，由此可推斷出大多數(shù)科學(xué)家對機器可以有個性的觀點是懷疑的。故選D項。【35題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“ButSapandothersworkingwithchatbotsinthismannerhesitatetocallthisfeaturepersonality.“Itdoesn’tmatterwhatthepersonalityofAIis.Whatdoesmatterishowitimteractswithitsusersandhowit’sdesignedtorespond,”Sapsays.(Sap說：“人工智能的個性是什么并不重要。重要的是它如何與用戶互動以及它被設(shè)計成如何回應(yīng)?！?”可知，Sap關(guān)心的是人工智能如何為人類服務(wù)。故選A項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Howtodealwithpost-vacationbluesDreamingatyourdeskaboutyourrecentvacation?Havingtroubleconcentrating?Feelingdepressedandwishingyouwereanywherebutatwork?Youarenotalone.ThisworryaboutthefirstdaybacktoworkisperfectlynormalaccordingtoDr.AngelosHalaris,aprofessorofpsychologyatLoyolaUniversityinIllinois.___36___A2017studyfoundadolescentdepression,anxietyandfeelingsabouteverydaytroublesappearedtobetiedtotheendandbeginningofschool-vacationcycles.Herearesomeeffectivewaystohelpyoudealwithpost-vacationblues.___37___Expertssayhavingsomethingtolookforwardtocaneasethebiteofthebacktoworkblues.Forinstance,ahalf-daybreaktothesuburbsofyourcity.Easebackintowork."Don'tjumpintothecoldwater,you'llhaveaheartattack.Easeyourwaybackintoyourroutine,"Halarissaid.Setsmallgoalstofeelasenseofaccomplishment._____38_____Ifyou'realwaysstuckatyourdesk,setatimerandtakeaquickwalkortrytofitinaworkout.Don'tliveinthepast.Knowthatsomethingyouenjoyedhascometoanend,butmakepeacewithitandknowitwillcomebackagain.___39___"Self-talkandbeingoptimisticareimportant,"Halarissaid.Lookatkittenpicturesonlineifyouneedalittlelift.Takeadvantageofthebreakinyourroutineandstartnewofficehabits.Somethingsmalllikegettinguptowalkawayfromyourdeskonceanhourhelps.Doconnect.Peoplewhoarebluetendtowardwithdrawal."Pushyourselftocommunicateevenifyoudon'tfeellike