銜接點(diǎn)02名詞（小初考點(diǎn)差異及銜接）小學(xué)要求1.名詞的數(shù)2.名詞所有格初中要求可數(shù)名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)；不可數(shù)名詞；專有名詞；名詞所有格；5、名詞的句法作用；6、名詞詞義辧析?！拘W(xué)名詞考點(diǎn)聚焦】一．將下列單詞歸類。inkgirlherocoffeeporknewscitydeskcupsugarwaterzoomoneydeerhairmilkmonth可數(shù)名詞：不可數(shù)名詞：可數(shù)名詞:girlherocitydeskcupzoodeermonth不可數(shù)名詞:inkcoffeeporknewssugarwatermoneyhairmilkbeef二．寫出下列單詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。(1)class (2)mouse (3)house(4)child (5)leaf (6)foot(7)sheep (8)watch (9)potato(10)baby (11)man (12)photo(1)classes(2)mice(3)houses(4)children(5)leaves(6)feet(7)sheep(8)watches(9)potatoes(10)babies(11)men(12)photos三．用所給詞的正確形式填空。(1)Wecomefromdifferent(country).(2)These(visit)willcometoourschooltomorrow.(3)Therearemany(tree)inmyschool.(4)Beijingisoneofthemostbeautiful(city)inChina.(5)Ihavesome(beef)fordinner.(6)September10this(teacher)Day.(7)Therearelotsof(womanteacher)intheclassroom.(8)Mikehasmuch(homework)todotoday.(9)Jackisill.DoctorWangtellshimtotakesome(medicine).(10)Jane'sfatherisa(cook).Hecanmakelotsofdeliciousfood.(1)countries(2)visitors(3)trees(4)cities(5)beef(6)Teachers'(7)womenteachers(8)homework(9)medicine(10)cook四.看圖補(bǔ)全短文。Wow!Whatabig(1)!Therearesomanyanimals.Look!The(2)aredrinking(3)overthere.Underthe(4),thereisa(5).It'ssocute.It'seating(6).Some(7)areflyinginthe(8).Thereisa(9)andtwo(10),too.(1)zoo(2)elephants(3)water(4)tree(5)panda(6)bamboos(7)birds(8)sky(9)tiger(10)lions【初中名詞考點(diǎn)聚焦】考點(diǎn)清單考點(diǎn)一名詞辨析一、名詞的分類名詞即表示人、事物、地點(diǎn)或抽象概念名稱的詞,它分為專有名詞和普通名詞兩大類。具體情況見下表:類別意義例詞專有名詞表示人、地方、事物、機(jī)構(gòu)、組織等名稱的詞Lucy,China,theGreatWall,theGreatHallofthePeople普通名詞個(gè)體名詞表示個(gè)體的人或事物的詞dictionary,pencil,chair,window,table,book,bike,ball,dog集體名詞表示一群人或一類事物的詞family,police,class,group,team物質(zhì)名詞表示物質(zhì)或不具備確定形狀和大小個(gè)體的物質(zhì)的詞rice,water,porridge,air,wool,wheat,steel抽象名詞表示狀態(tài)、品質(zhì)、行為、感情等抽象概念的詞knowledge,danger,health,life,interest,love二．常用近義詞辨析1.family,house與home單詞意義例句family指“家,家庭”,可強(qiáng)調(diào)家庭中的全體成員,不指住房Myfamilyareveryfriendly.我的家人都很友好。househouse有“住宅,家”之意,強(qiáng)調(diào)房屋和居住點(diǎn)Theylivedinasmallhouse.他們住在一個(gè)小房子里。home作“家”講時(shí),指人們生活、居住的地方,強(qiáng)調(diào)居住的范圍和環(huán)境HelefthomeforBeijing.他離開家去北京了。2.job與work單詞意義例句job可數(shù)名詞,指一項(xiàng)具體的工作,多指“零工”或“短工”Sellingnewspapersishispart-timejob.賣報(bào)紙是他的兼職。work不可數(shù)名詞,指“工作,勞動(dòng)”Hehasbeenoutofwork.他失業(yè)了。3.problem與question單詞意義例句problem一般來說,problem總是與“困難”相聯(lián)系,它可以指社會(huì)問題、教學(xué)問題,這種“問題”是“有待解決的”,常與之搭配的動(dòng)詞是solveTheystillhavesomeseriousproblemstosolve.他們?nèi)杂幸恍﹪?yán)重的問題需要解決。question總是與“疑問,質(zhì)問,詢問”相聯(lián)系,這種“問題”是“有待回答的”,常與動(dòng)詞ask,answer等連用Heaskedmesomequestions.他問了我一些問題。4.voice,noise與sound單詞意義例句voice指人的嗓音Irecognizedhervoiceatonce.我立刻聽出了她的聲音。noise吵鬧聲,不悅耳、不和諧的嘈雜聲Don’tmakesomuchnoise.別這么大聲嚷嚷。sound指人所聽到的自然界的任何聲音Iheardastrangesoundfromtheemptyroom.我聽到空房間里傳來奇怪的聲音。5.cause,reason與excuse單詞意義例句cause造成一種事實(shí)或現(xiàn)象的“原因、起因”,后接介詞ofThepolicearelookingintothecauseoftheaccident.警方正在調(diào)查事故的原因。reason說明一種看法或行為的“理由”,后接介詞forYoumusttellhimthereasonforwantingtochangeyourjob.你必須告訴他你想換工作的原因。excuse(尤指不完全真實(shí)的)借口,托詞Lateagain!What’syourexcuseforitthistime?又遲到了!這次你的借口是什么?6.journey,trip與travel單詞意義例句journey適用范圍很廣,可指海、陸、空的旅行,常指距離較遠(yuǎn)的旅行,強(qiáng)調(diào)往返性It’salongjourneyfromheretoHongKong.從這兒到香港的旅程很遠(yuǎn)。trip指短時(shí)間、短距離的旅行,強(qiáng)調(diào)往返性,與journey可互換使用Howwasyourschooltriptothezoolastweekend?你們上周末去動(dòng)物園的學(xué)校旅行玩得怎么樣?travel泛指旅游,不側(cè)重往返性,可以是單程旅行Manypeoplearefondoftravel.很多人喜歡旅游。一．選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空1.TomregardsNanjingashissecondhome(family;house;home)becausehehasbeenhereforovertenyears.

2.LiLingwantstobeasinger.Shethinksit’saninterestingjob(work;job).

3.Tblemwasthathegavemenochancetoanswerhisquestion(question;problem).

4.Atthefootofthehill,youcouldhearnothingbutthesound(voice;noise;sound)oftherunningwater.

二.單項(xiàng)選擇1.—Wecanalwaysfindsomethinggoodinabadifwelookforit.

—It’ssotrue.Let’smakefulluseofwhatcomes.A.situation B.direction C.instruction D.competition答案A本題考查名詞詞義辨析。situation情況,處境;direction方向;instruction命令;competition比賽。根據(jù)語境,能和“somethinggood”對應(yīng)的只有“badsituation”,此處指在糟糕的處境中看到積極的一面。故選A。2.YuanLongpingwasaworld-famousscientist.Becauseofhisachievements,ricehasbeenincreasedgreatly.

A.population B.contribution C.production D.introduction答案C本題考查名詞辨析。population人口;contribution貢獻(xiàn);production生產(chǎn),產(chǎn)量;introduction引進(jìn),引言。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知,袁隆平是水稻專家,水稻產(chǎn)量因他的研究成果而大幅增加。故選C。3.ThelandingofChina’srover(登陸車)ZhurongonMarsshowsChinahasmadegreatinspaceexploration.

A.progress B.project C.product D.protection答案A句意:中國登陸車“祝融號(hào)”登陸火星表明了中國在太空探索中已經(jīng)取得了巨大的進(jìn)步。本題考查名詞辨析。progress進(jìn)步;project工程,方案,項(xiàng)目;product產(chǎn)品;protection保護(hù)。makeprogressin...指“在……方面取得進(jìn)步”,故選A。4.Mr.HuangwasborninNanjing,butSuqianhasbecomehissecond.

A.family B.house C.village D.hometown答案D句意:黃先生出生在南京,但宿遷已成為他的第二家鄉(xiāng)。本題考查名詞辨析。family家庭,家人;house房屋;village村莊;hometown家鄉(xiāng)。根據(jù)borninNanjing可知,hometown符合語境,故選D。5.Theboyhasbeenmissingforfivedaysandhisparentsareworriedabouthis.

A.attention B.safety C.action D.growth答案B句意:男孩已經(jīng)失蹤5天了,他的父母很擔(dān)心他的安全。本題考查名詞的詞義辨析。attention注意;safety安全;action行動(dòng),措施;growth成長。男孩已經(jīng)失蹤5天,父母擔(dān)心的肯定是他的安全。所以選B。三．詞匯運(yùn)用1.Sofar,Chinahasbuiltnearly600,000culturalcentersin.(村莊)

答案villagesvillage為可數(shù)名詞,空前沒有表單數(shù)意義的修飾詞和限定詞,所以用復(fù)數(shù)形式villages。2.Weneedtoincreaseour(知識(shí))ofthehistoryoftheCommunistPartyofChina.

答案knowledge句意:我們需要增長關(guān)于中國共產(chǎn)黨黨史的知識(shí)?！爸R(shí)”是knowledge,是不可數(shù)名詞,故填knowledge。3.Lulu’sbestfriendnevergivesupher(夢想)ofbeingateacher.

答案dream“夢想”是dream,根據(jù)ofbeingateacher可知,此空用名詞單數(shù)形式,故填dream。4.Mydaughter’ssweet(嗓音)alwaysmakesmerelaxed.

答案voice指人說話的嗓音用voice來表示。易錯(cuò)提醒sound泛指自然界的任何聲音,如人或動(dòng)物發(fā)出的聲音,物體碰撞的聲音等。noise意為“噪音”、“喧鬧聲”,常指不悅耳、不和諧的嘈雜聲。voice一般指人的聲音,說話、唱歌的聲音都可用voice表示。5.Ihavemademuchmore(進(jìn)步)inPhysicsthisterm.

答案progress“進(jìn)步”是progress,progress是不可數(shù)名詞,makeprogressin...指“在……方面取得進(jìn)步”?？键c(diǎn)二名詞的數(shù)和格一、名詞的數(shù)(一)可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式1.名詞按其所表示的事物的性質(zhì)分為可數(shù)名詞(CountableNouns)與不可數(shù)名詞(UncountableNouns),可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式,名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式構(gòu)成的部分規(guī)則如下:情況構(gòu)成方法讀音例詞一般情況加-s在清輔音后讀/s/在濁輔音和元音后讀/z/在t后讀/ts/在d后讀/dz/cake—cakesbag—bagsstudent—studentsbed—beds以-s,-x,-sh,-ch等結(jié)尾的詞加-es讀/?z/bus—busesbox—boxeswatch—watches以輔音字母加-y結(jié)尾的詞變y為i,再加-es讀/z/baby—babiescity—citiescountry—countrieslady—ladies以元音字母加-y結(jié)尾的詞加-s讀/z/toy—toysmonkey—monkeys以f(fe)結(jié)尾的詞變f(fe)為ves讀/vz/leaf—leaveswolf—wolveslife—lives以-ce,-se,-ze,-(d)ge等結(jié)尾的詞加-s讀/?z/face—facesorange—oranges不規(guī)則變化改變單數(shù)名詞中的元音字母讀音改變man—menwoman—womenfoot—feettooth—teeth單復(fù)數(shù)形式相同讀音不變fish—fishsheep—sheepdeer—deerChinese—ChineseJapanese—Japanese其他形式/ma?s/—/ma?s/mouse—mice2.某國人變復(fù)數(shù)(1)中國人Chinese→Chinese(2)英國人Englishman→Englishmen(3)阿拉伯人Arab→Arabs可用口訣記憶這一點(diǎn),即中日不變英法變,其余s加后面。3.以-o結(jié)尾的名詞,有些在詞尾加-es,它們是“黑人英雄愛吃西紅柿土豆”。Negro→Negroeshero→heroestomato→tomatoes potato→potatoes而其他一般在詞尾加-s。如:zoo→zoos radio→radios4.復(fù)合名詞前面的名詞是man或woman,變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),構(gòu)成復(fù)合名詞的兩個(gè)名詞全都要變成復(fù)數(shù)形式;如果是其他詞,變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),只需把后面的名詞變成復(fù)數(shù)形式。manteacher→menteachers boystudent→boystudents5.字母、數(shù)字、引語或縮略詞語的復(fù)數(shù)形式是在其后加-’s或-s。Therearetwofsintheword“office”.單詞office里有兩個(gè)f。ManyVIPsarecomingtoourcity.許多重要人物將到我們市來。6.有些以-f結(jié)尾的詞直接加-s變成復(fù)數(shù)。roof→roofs屋頂belief→beliefs信仰 proof→proofs證據(jù) chief→chiefs首領(lǐng)一．用所給單詞的正確形式填空1.Thedoctortoldmetoeatmorefish(fish)becauseit’sgoodforhealth.

2.Thoseyouadmireverymucharecalledheroes(hero).

3.Howmanywomendoctors(womandoctor)arethereinthehospital?

4.MostofthetouristsonthecoachareGermans(German),andonlytwoofthemareJapanese(Japanese).

(二)不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量表達(dá)1.概述:不可數(shù)名詞所表示的事物一般不能用數(shù)來計(jì)算,沒有詞形變化,這類詞主要為抽象名詞和物質(zhì)名詞。值得我們注意的是,英語名詞的可數(shù)與不可數(shù)是一個(gè)語法概念,與實(shí)際生活中某件事物的可數(shù)與不可數(shù)并不完全一致。2.表示方法:不可數(shù)名詞需要計(jì)量時(shí),用“數(shù)詞或冠詞+計(jì)量名詞+of+不可數(shù)名詞”這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)來表示,計(jì)量名詞可以是單數(shù)也可以是復(fù)數(shù),但of后的名詞只用原形。如:apieceofpaper一張紙adropofwater一滴水twocupsoftea兩杯茶(三)注意1.有些名詞既是可數(shù)名詞,又是不可數(shù)名詞,但意義有所不同。work(工作)—awork(一部著作)glass(玻璃)—aglass(一個(gè)玻璃杯)paper(紙)—apaper(一份報(bào)紙/文件/試卷)tea(茶)—atea(一杯茶)wood(木頭)—awood(一片樹林)room(空間)—aroom(一個(gè)房間)2.有些名詞雖以-s結(jié)尾,但它們不是復(fù)數(shù)。physics物理,maths數(shù)學(xué),politics政治,news新聞3.“數(shù)詞+名詞(+形容詞)”構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞,中間的名詞不能用復(fù)數(shù)形式,必須用單數(shù)形式。Sheisafive-year-oldgirl.她是一個(gè)五歲的女孩。(five-year-old不能說成five-years-old)afive-poundnote一張五英鎊的紙幣asix-foot-deephole一個(gè)六英尺深的洞atwo-inch-thickdictionary一本兩英寸厚的字典a100-meterrace一場百米賽跑二、名詞所有格1.名詞所有格表示名詞之間的所有關(guān)系。有兩種表示形式:一種是s所有格,另一種是of所有格。BeijingisChina’scapital.BeijingisthecapitalofChina.北京是中國的首都。2.用and連接兩個(gè)并列的單數(shù)名詞表示共有關(guān)系,這時(shí)只在最后一個(gè)名詞后加-’s。ThisisMaryandhersister’sbedroom.這是瑪麗和她姐姐的臥室。LilyandLucy’smotherisanurse.莉莉和露西的媽媽是位護(hù)士。用and連接兩個(gè)并列名詞,表示分別擁有各自的物品時(shí),兩個(gè)名詞都在詞尾加-’s表示所有關(guān)系。TheseareTom’sandMary’sbags.這些是湯姆和瑪麗的包。WeiHua’sandJohn’slicensesaremissing.魏華和約翰的許可證都丟了。3.以-s結(jié)尾的名詞,在s后加-’;不以-s結(jié)尾的詞在詞尾加-’s。教師節(jié)Teachers’Day兒童節(jié)Children’sDay4.of所有格常用來表示無生命的東西。thedooroftheroom房間的門5.雙重所有格有兩種形式:①of+名詞所有格;②of+名詞性物主代詞。Heisafriendofmybrother’s.他是我哥哥的一個(gè)朋友。Issheadaughterofyours?她是你的女兒嗎?注意雙重所有格和一般所有格的區(qū)別:aphotoofJohn’s(照片屬于John,但照片上的人不一定是John);aphotoofJohn(照片上的人是John本人)。6.表示店鋪、醫(yī)院、診所、住宅等名稱時(shí),常在名詞后加上-’s代表全稱。atthedoctor’s在診所7.一些具有名詞性質(zhì)的復(fù)合不定代詞,如someone,everybody等和else連用時(shí),-’s應(yīng)加在else后。somebodyelse’spencil別人的鉛筆8.表示時(shí)間、距離、國家、城市等無生命的東西的名詞,也可以在詞尾加-s或-來構(gòu)成所有格。(1)用于時(shí)間twoweeks’time兩個(gè)星期的時(shí)間(2)用于度量thirteentons’weight13噸的重量fivehundredmetres’distance五百米的距離(3)用于價(jià)值ahundredyuan’sorder一百元的訂貨單amillionpounds’note一百萬英鎊的鈔票(4)用于天體theearth’ssatellite地球衛(wèi)星(5)用于國家Belgium’scapital比利時(shí)的首都(6)用于城市Changchun’sagriculture長春的農(nóng)業(yè)一．用所給單詞的正確形式填空①I’vegotatoothache,soIneedtogotothedentist’s(dentist).

②It’snotfarfromhere.It’sonlyfiveminutes’(minute)walk.

③YesterdayImetafriendofmyfather’s(father).

④Mother’s(mother)DayisonthesecondSundayofMayeveryyear.

二.單項(xiàng)選擇1.Therearemanyteachersinthisprimaryschool.

A.woman B.woman’s C.women D.women’s答案C本題考查名詞的數(shù)。設(shè)空處指女老師,故不用名詞所有格。man和woman作定語時(shí),其本身的單復(fù)數(shù)形式要與被修飾詞的單復(fù)數(shù)一致,故本題選C。2.Weseesomerisingintotheairattheopeningofournewlibrary.

A.balloons B.balloon C.balloones答案A本題考查名詞的數(shù)。balloon為可數(shù)名詞,被some“一些”修飾時(shí)須變復(fù)數(shù),直接加“s”,故選A。3.Thepinkhairbandmustbelongto.

A.Linda’s B.Linda C.hers答案B本題考查名詞的格。belongtosb.屬于某人。故答案選擇B。易錯(cuò)警示belongtosb.中sb.為賓格形式,注意不要和所有格混淆。4.Mr.Liuisawiseman,andheoftengivesusafew.

A.suggestions B.advice C.hobbies D.knowledge答案A句意:劉先生是一個(gè)睿智的人,他經(jīng)常給我們一些建議。本題考查名詞的用法。suggestion建議,可數(shù)名詞;advice忠告,建議,不可數(shù)名詞;hobby愛好,可數(shù)名詞;knowledge知識(shí),不可數(shù)名詞。根據(jù)設(shè)空處前的afew可知,應(yīng)用可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,排除B、D兩項(xiàng)。再結(jié)合語境可知選A。5.OnApril24,XieWenjunracedtogoldinthe110-meterhurdlesattheAsianAthleticsChampionshipsinQatar.

A.man B.men C.men’s D.mens’答案C本題考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)及所有格。此處應(yīng)用名詞所有格作定語,修飾110-meterhurdles,men為復(fù)數(shù)形式,后加-’s構(gòu)成所有格形式。故選C項(xiàng)。三.詞匯運(yùn)用1.Thewallpaperwithcartoonpatternsisidealformyroom.(son)

答案son’s設(shè)空處與后面名詞是所屬關(guān)系,應(yīng)用名詞所有格形式。故答案為son’s。2.Overtheyears,GongBaoChickenhasbecomeoneofthemostpopular(dish)inChineserestaurantsthroughouttheworld.

答案dishes此處為“oneofthe+形容詞最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”結(jié)構(gòu),表示“最……的……之一”,所以這里填dish的復(fù)數(shù)形式dishes。3.(參觀者)mustshowtheirhealthQRcodesandchecktheirtemperaturebeforetheygointothemuseum.

答案Visitors/Tourists根據(jù)下文的their可知,此處應(yīng)填名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,同時(shí)注意首字母大寫。4.Scientistshavefoundthattalktoeachotherallthetime.Theirlanguageisakindofchemical.(plant)

答案plants句意:科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)植物一直在相互交流,他們的語言是一種化學(xué)物質(zhì)。根據(jù)下文的their可知,此空格處填plant的復(fù)數(shù)形式plants。5.Haveyoureadthereport?Those(英雄)storiesreallytouchedmedeeply.

答案heroes’根據(jù)設(shè)空處前后的Those和stories可知填hero的復(fù)數(shù)的所有格形式heroes’。6.Mother’scookingskillswillnotonlysatisfyour(胃)butalsoourspirit.

答案stomachs根據(jù)空格前的our可知,此處應(yīng)用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填stomachs。易錯(cuò)警示在英語中,以-ch結(jié)尾的名詞變成復(fù)數(shù),通常要加-es。如:watches,wishes,matches,beaches。但是stomach是例外,它的復(fù)數(shù)直接加-s,即stomachs。7.ThomasEdison,oneofthegreatest(invent)intheworld,createdover1,000things.

答案inventors此處為“oneof+the+形容詞的最高級(jí)+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”結(jié)構(gòu),且ThomasEdison是發(fā)明家,故填inventors。易錯(cuò)警示invent的名詞形式有兩種,invention(發(fā)明)和inventor(發(fā)明家)。在答題時(shí),要仔細(xì)審題,注意不同的含義。8.—Isthisyourumbrella?—No,it’sanother(visit).

答案visitor’s本題考查名詞的所有格。句中的it指“雨傘”,此處表示“游客的(雨傘)”,another表示“另一個(gè)”,接單數(shù)名詞,所以填visitor’s。一．名詞的構(gòu)詞法1.—TheGovernmenthastakenactiontostopwaterandair(pollute).

—Yes.Clearwatersandgreenhillsareasgoodasmountainsofgoldandsilver.答案pollution此空填名詞pollution作動(dòng)詞stop的賓語,指“阻止水污染和空氣污染”。2.Howmanyofyoueverdreamedofbecomingan(invent)?

答案inventor根據(jù)空前的an可知,應(yīng)填名詞inventor的單數(shù)形式,此處指“成為一名發(fā)明家”。知識(shí)拓展以-or結(jié)尾的、表示從事某種工作的人的名詞有inventor,actor,director,translator等。3.Thelittlegirldreamtofbecomingagoodballet(dance).

答案dancer句意:這個(gè)小女孩夢想成為一名好的芭蕾舞演員。故此處應(yīng)填名詞dancer。4.ChineseNewYearisamarkingtheendofwinterandthebeginningofspring.(celebrate)

答案celebrationcelebrate是動(dòng)詞,空后的現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語,由空前的冠詞a可知,本空應(yīng)用名詞的單數(shù)形式,故答案為celebration。5.Wearewhowearetodaybecauseofthe(choose)wemadeyesterday.

答案choice(s)becauseof后跟名詞,所以此處填choose的名詞形式choice(s)。6.Surprisingly,my12-year-olddaughterisworriedabouther(weigh).

答案weight句意:令人吃驚的是,我12歲的女兒在擔(dān)憂她的體重。形容詞性物主代詞her后面接名詞,故填weigh的名詞形式weight。知識(shí)拓展與weight有類似構(gòu)成的詞還有height(高度)。7.Myneighbourisafamous(sing)andsheoftendoescharitywork.

答案singer句意:我的鄰居是一位著名的歌手,她經(jīng)常做慈善工作。此題應(yīng)填sing的名詞形式singer。8.WuJingisawell-known(direct).Heispopularamongfilmlovers.

答案director句意:吳京是一個(gè)著名的導(dǎo)演。他很受電影愛好者歡迎。well-known是形容詞,空格處應(yīng)填direct的名詞形式,吳京是一個(gè)導(dǎo)演,所以填director。知識(shí)拓展以-or結(jié)尾表示人的職業(yè)、身份的詞有:director(導(dǎo)演);actor(演員);visitor(參觀者);inventor(發(fā)明家);survivor(幸存者)。9.Themothersaidgoodbyewithasmile,buthereyescouldnthideher(sad).

答案sadness空格前是形容詞性物主代詞,其后應(yīng)接名詞,所以填sadness。易錯(cuò)警示sad相關(guān)的詞形變化要注意sadness(n.),sadly(adv.)都是直接加后綴,但是比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)sadder,saddest都需要雙寫d再加er或est。10.—IreallyhatemyselfforwhatIsaidtoMomtheotherday.—Iknowthe(feel).It’sawful,isn’tit?

答案feeling句意:——因?yàn)閹滋烨拔覍寢屨f的話,我真的很討厭自己?！叶眠@種感覺。很糟糕,不是嗎?由the和It可知,此處填名詞feeling。二、詞匯運(yùn)用1.Fivesoldiershavedevotedthemselvestoprotectingourmotherlandandwewillrememberthese(hero)names.

答案heroes’此處用名詞所有格修飾names。根據(jù)Fivesoldiers和these可知,此處應(yīng)填hero的復(fù)數(shù)形式的所有格,所以填heroes’。2.Itissurprisingthattheraindidn’tmakemuch(different)tothegame.

答案differencemuch后跟不可數(shù)名詞,所以填difference。makemuchdifference產(chǎn)生很大的影響。知識(shí)拓展很多以-t結(jié)尾的形容詞變成名詞時(shí),將-t變成-ce。如:different→difference;important→importance;patient→patience;silent→silence。3.Thegirl’ssweetvoicecaughtseveralwell-known(音樂家)attention.

答案musicians’此處用名詞所有格修飾attention;several后接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填musicians’。4.—Whosehandbagsarethese?—Theyarethosemanagers’(wife).

答案wives’根據(jù)thosemanagers’可知,此處應(yīng)用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,主語They指handbags,所以此處應(yīng)填名詞復(fù)數(shù)的所有格形式,故填wives’。5.Isawsome(德國人)andEnglishmendancinginthestreetthedaybeforeyesterday.

答案Germanssome后的可數(shù)名詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。German的復(fù)數(shù)形式為Germans。知識(shí)拓展以man結(jié)尾的單詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù),通常變a為e,如postman→postmen,gentleman→gentlemen等;但是有些單詞例外,如human→humans,German→Germans,Roman→Romans。6.Allthe(lead)namesandnumbersareonthelist.Youcancallthemonebyone.

答案leaders’此處應(yīng)用名詞所有格修飾名詞names和numbers,根據(jù)句中的關(guān)鍵詞All、names、numbers和are可知,此處應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式的所有格,故填leaders’。ThesedaysavideofromtheBeijingWildlifeZoohasbeengoingviral（走紅).Itshowsadogplayingwithlionsandtigersfourtofivetimesitssize!Isthedogindanger?Ofcoursenot.1Animalsmakefriendswithmembersofadifferentspecies(物種）.Azookeepersaidthattheyraisedthedogtogetherwiththelionsandtigerswhentheywereveryyoung.2Ifyouthinkthisistooamazing,justrememberthatpeoplehavemadefriendswithanimalsforalongtime.3Maybeyouhaveapetyourself.Therearesomeotherstoriesofcross-speciesfriends.Atananimalcenter,acatnamedMarinaandapignamedLaurabecamefriendsaftertheycametothecenter.4Theygrewupinthewild(野外)withouttheirmothers'care.Theywereclosetoeachotherandplayedhappilytogetherwhentheyfirstmet.Whycandifferentspeciesbefriends?Inthewild,animalsarebusyhuntingfortheirfood.Theyhavetoworkhardtokeepthemselvessafeandprotecttheirfamilies.5Whentheyneedn'tdothesethings,animalswillnothavemuchtodo.So