第5講Underthesea詞匯篇

1.熟練掌握重點(diǎn)單詞及其用法；

2.能夠熟練運(yùn)用重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)和句型。

一.重點(diǎn)詞匯

1.annualadj.每年的；按年度計(jì)算的n.年刊；年鑒

［重點(diǎn)用法］

annuallyadv.年年地，每年地

［典例］

1)anannualincome.年收入

2)anannualreport年度報(bào)告

3)PremierWenJiabaonotedthatthetwomostimportantproblemswouldbeprevioustoanythingelsein

thegovernmentannualreport.溫家寶總理在政府年度報(bào)告中指出要優(yōu)先解決這兩大問(wèn)題。

2.witnessn.目擊者；證人；證據(jù)vt.當(dāng)場(chǎng)見(jiàn)到；目擊

［典例］

1)Heisthewitnesstotheaccident.事故的目擊者

2)Thisoldauditoriumhaswitnessedmanyceremonies.這個(gè)古老的禮堂內(nèi)舉行過(guò)許多次典禮。

3.accommodation住所

［重點(diǎn)用法］

accommodatev.向…提供，容納，調(diào)和；適應(yīng)

accommodationaddress臨時(shí)通訊處

accommodationallowance膳宿津貝占

［典例］

1)ThehighcostofaccommodationmakeslifedifficultforstudentsinLondon.

由于住宿費(fèi)用昂貴，倫敦的學(xué)生感到生活困難。

2)Theuniversityoffersexcellentaccommodationforsummervisitors.

這所大學(xué)為夏季來(lái)訪者提供了很好的住宿。

4.abandonvt.放棄；遺棄；拋棄n.放任，狂熱

［重點(diǎn)用法］

abandononeselftosth./doingsth.沉溺于

abandon...tosb.把...舍棄給...

withabandon放任地；放縱地；縱情地

［典例］

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1)Theyabandonedallhopeoffindinganeffectivewaytosolvetheproblem.

他們放棄了尋找有效方法解決問(wèn)題的所有希望。

2)Weshouldkeepoffthosewhoabandonthemselvestodrugs.我們要遠(yuǎn)離那些吸毒成癮的人。

3)Don!twastethefoodleft,andabandonittothedog.不要浪費(fèi)剩下的食物，把它舍棄給狗吃。

5.reflectvt.映射；反射vi.&vt.思、考

［重點(diǎn)用法］

reflectionn.反射；反映；思考；沉思

reflectiveadj.反射的；反映的；沉思的

reflectonv.思考，反省

［典例］

1)Herseverelookreflectedhowshereallyfelt.她那冷峻的神情反映出她心中的真正感受。

2)Mirrorsreflectlight.鏡子能反射光線。

3)Ireflectedonpossiblereasonsformyfailure.我仔細(xì)考慮導(dǎo)致我失敗的種種原因。

6.awareadj.意識(shí)到的；知道的

［重點(diǎn)用法］

unaware不察覺(jué)的，不知道的

awarenessn.知道，曉得

be/becomeawareofsth.意識(shí)至煤事

beawarethat-clause知道...；意識(shí)到....

makesb.awarethat-clause提醒某人注意...

makesb.awareof…讓某人注意至U.......

［典例］

1)Hewasn!tawareofthedanger.他沒(méi)有意識(shí)到危險(xiǎn)。

2)IssheawarethatPmcoming?她知道我要來(lái)嗎？

注意：aware后跟名詞性從句時(shí)，一般在從句前不能用of,但在what從句前必須用of。

7.scarevt.恐嚇vi.受驚嚇

［重點(diǎn)用法］

scaringadj.令人害怕的；嚇人的

scaredadj.受驚嚇的；感到害怕的

bescaredof...(=beafraidof)遇到…(某種事物或行為)而害怕

bescaredtodo.(=beafraidtodo)不敢做...

bescaredtodeath嚇?biāo)懒?/p>

［典例］

1)Youscaredmebycominginsoquietly.你這么悄悄地進(jìn)來(lái)嚇了我一跳。

2)Mostgirlsarescaredtolightthefirework.大多女孩不敢放煙花。

二.重點(diǎn)詞組

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1.sortout整理；挑出；解決（問(wèn)題/困難）

［短語(yǔ)歸納］

sortthrough查看并挑選出

putaway把……存放好

［典例］

1）Pvesortedoutthepapersthatcanbethrownaway.我已經(jīng)把那些可以扔掉的報(bào)紙整理出來(lái)了。

2）We*vegotafewlimeproblemstosortout.我們有幾個(gè)小問(wèn)題要解決。

3）Hewassortingthroughapileofpapersonhisdesk他在整理桌上的一堆文件。

2.helpout幫助……（擺脫困難或危難）；協(xié)助；使……脫離困境

［短語(yǔ)歸納］

helpsbwithsth幫助某人做某事

withthehelpof在…的幫助下，借助

helponeselfto請(qǐng)隨便自己動(dòng)手（夾菜吃、用...等）

can'thelpdoingsth禁不住

canthelpbutdosth只得；不得不

［典例］

1）Canyouhelpmeoutwiththemathsproblem?你能幫我解出這道數(shù)學(xué)題嗎？

2）Pleasehelpyourselftosomefish.隨便吃點(diǎn)魚(yú)。

3）Shecan、helplaughing.她忍不住大笑起來(lái)。

4）Ican'thelpbutwait.我只得等。

3.throwoneselfoutof躍出

［典例］

1）Themansuddenlythrewhimselfoutofthewaterandsaid'Tmhere”.那個(gè)人突然躍出水面說(shuō)“我在這

兒”。

［短語(yǔ)歸納］

throwoneselfat沖向

throwoneselfinto投身于；積極從事

throwaway扔掉

throwup嘔吐

throwsbintoprison把某人投入監(jiān)獄；

throwat對(duì)準(zhǔn)向...扔去（希望擊中）；

throwto向...（方向）扔去

4.upsidedown上下翻轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)來(lái)

［短語(yǔ)歸納］

insideout里面翻轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)來(lái)的

［典例］

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1）Thenaughtychildisalwaysturningeverythingintheroomupsidedown.

這淘氣的孩子老是把房問(wèn)的東西搞得亂七八糟。

2）Heworethesweatshirtinsideout.他當(dāng)時(shí)把運(yùn)動(dòng)衫反過(guò)來(lái)穿。

三.重點(diǎn)句子

1.Itwasatimewhenthekillerwhales,or"killers“astheywerethencalled,helpedthewhalerscatchthe

baleenwhalesthatwereontheirannualmigration.

那個(gè)時(shí)期，虎鯨（當(dāng)時(shí)被稱(chēng)為“殺手”）幫助捕鯨人在每年須鯨遷徙時(shí)捕捉須鯨。

［解釋?zhuān)軮twas/isatimewhen曾經(jīng)一度（那時(shí)）

［典例］

1）Itwasatimewhenmotorcarswererare.那是汽車(chē)很罕見(jiàn)的時(shí)代。

2）Itwasatimewhenshecouldnotbearthepainandwantedtokillherself.

她曾經(jīng)無(wú)法忍受病痛，想結(jié)束自己的生命。

2.IhadalreadyheardthatGeorgedidn'tlikebeingkeptwaiting,soeventhoughIdidn'thavetheright

clotheson,racedafterhim.

我早就聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)，喬治不喜歡等人，所以盡管我還沒(méi)穿上捕鯨該穿的衣服，還是跟在他背后跑了起來(lái)。

［解釋?zhuān)輊venthough=evenif即使，即便（引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句）

［典例］

1）Wewon'tgiveupevenifweshouldtentimes.即便我們失敗十次，我們也不會(huì)失敗。

2）Eventhoughyoumaylosethechanceofmeetingyourfriend,youcannotmissthemeetingthis

afternoon.

即使你可能會(huì)失去會(huì)見(jiàn)朋友的機(jī)會(huì)，（但是你）也不能錯(cuò)過(guò)下午的會(huì)議。

3.I'msittinginthewarmnightairwithacolddrinkiemyhandandreflectingontheday-adayofpure

magic!

我坐在溫暖的夜空下，手里拿著一瓶冷飲，回憶著當(dāng)天的事情一這可是奇妙至及的一天。

［解釋?zhuān)輜ith+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)在句中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)，表伴隨，原因等

［典例］

1）Theteachercameinwithathickbookinherhand.老師走了進(jìn)來(lái)，手里拿著一本厚厚的書(shū)。

2）Withalocalvillagerleadingtheway,wefoundhishouseeasily.

有當(dāng)?shù)卮迕駧?，我們很容易就找到了他家?/p>

3）Withalotofproblemstosolve,thenewly-electedpresidentfeltlikeacatonhotbricks.

由于有很多問(wèn)題急待解決，新當(dāng)選的總統(tǒng)急得像熱鍋上的螞蟻。

1.（2019安徽高考）IfyoucometovisitChina,youwillexperienceacultureofamazing（deep）and

variety.

答案：depth

解析：根據(jù)and可以得知，前面需要的是名詞，deep的名詞詞性是：d叩th。

2.（2019山東臨沂四中高二下）Thelikelyreactionsofthemarketneedtobebeforeweact.

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A.consideredonB.basedonC.reliedonD.reflectedon

答案:D

解析:A考慮，B基于……，C依賴(lài)，D反應(yīng)；根據(jù)句意應(yīng)為D。

3.(2019湖北襄陽(yáng)高二下)Whenhewasachild,heoftenlistenedtothestoriestoldbyhisgrandfather,who

livedthroughtheAnti-JapaneseWarandhadamemoryofit.

A.absurdB.vividC.parallelD.Elegant

答案:B

解析:A荒唐的，B形象的，C平行的，D優(yōu)雅的；根據(jù)句意應(yīng)為B。

4.Thefinalscoreofthebasketballmatchwas93-94.Wewereonlybeaten.

A.NearlyB.SlightlyC.NanowlyD.Lightly

答案:C

解析:A幾乎，B輕微，C勉強(qiáng)地，D輕微地；根據(jù)句意應(yīng)為C。

5.Nowadays,thereisaincreaseinchildren'screativity,fortheyaregreatlyencouragedtodeveloptheir

talents.

A.SharpB.SlightC.NaturalD.Modest

答案:A

解析:A急劇的，B輕微的，C自然的，D謙虛的；根據(jù)句意為A。

基礎(chǔ)演練

一.根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，用括號(hào)內(nèi)所提供詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

1)Thelakeisover20metersinsowewereallmovedbythemanwhodivedinto

thelaketosavethelittleboy.(deep)

2)Irememberthegirldressedincolorhedrewintheexhibition.(vivid)

3)Anyonewholaunchesawarisandisbypeoplewholovepeaceallaroundtheworld,

(aware)

4)Theofenergywillhelpusresearchthewaytosaveandtheenergy,(conserve)

5)Thoughthesoupis,I'velostmysenseofanditjustlikewater.(taste)

key:l)depth;deeply;deep2)vividly;vivid3)awesome;awed4)conservation;conserve

5)tasty;taste;tastes;tasteless

鞏固提高

二.課文詞匯等填空

根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容完成下面語(yǔ)法填空，注意單詞拼寫(xiě)和詞語(yǔ)用法：

1themorningof19thJanuaryIwentsnorkeling.2(see)suchextraordinarybeauty,I

thoughteverycellinmybodywokeupand3waslikediscoveringawholenewdimensionoflife.

Duringthetrip,Ifirstbecameawareofthevividcolors4(圍繞)meandthefantasticcorals,inand

around5allkindsofelegantfish6(be)swimmingamongthem.7therearestill

something8mademefeel9(害怕).Forexample,Ididn'twanttogetclosetotheeel,the

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giantclamandthegreyreefsharks,fortheymademescaredtodeath10amoment.

Key:1.On2.seeing3.it4.surrounding5.which6.were

7.But8.that9.frightened10.for

1.Pleasepostthisletterinthepostofficenearby,and,Iwillgettwoticketsinthetrainstation.

A.inmeantimeB.onthemeanwhileC.inmeanwhileD.inthemeantime

2.Don'tturntheroom,asIhavejusttidiedit.

A.upsidedownB.InsideC.OutsideD.insidedown

3.Mostparentsarenotthedangeroftheirbabies*eatingjelly,whichcausesmostunfortunate

incidentstohappen.

A.wellawaretoB.veryawareofC.awarethatD.wellawareof

4.1needtimetoonwhatyouoffered.

A.ConsiderB.ReflectC.ImagineD.suggest

5.Whenthewarbrokeout,peoplehadtotheirunnecessariesandputawaythevaluabletofleeaway

withthenecessities.

A.AbandonB.ReleaseC.DiscourageD.resign

6.Withtheirparentsobservingtheiractions,thesenaughtyboysdidn*tdaretomaketrouble.

A.SharplyB.EspeciallyC.NarrowlyD.generally

7.1wassodullthatseveraldayswentbybeforeIwasofwhatwashappening.

A.InformedB.AwareC.RemindedD.independent

8.MyfatherhasoftenmewhenPvebeenabitshortofmoney.

A.sent;outB.driven;offC.helped;outD.pulled;in

9.Isthereanyoneinyourclasswhothecaraccidentthathappenedinfrontofourschoolthis

morning?

A.WitnessedB.ObservedC.IntroducedD.predicted

10.BeforeIgiveyoumyfinaldecision,Ineedtimetoyoursuggestiononceagain.

A.pickoutB.tryoutC.testoutD.reflecton

11.Hisfatalmistakehasbecomethe,forwhichhisteamlostthechancetoreachthelast16inthe

WorldCup.

A.ExampleB.HandleC.FaceD.target

12.Pmnotsurprisedthathebecameawriter.Evenasachildhehadaimagination.

A.ClearB.CautiousC.FunnyD.vivid

13.Thepublicoftheenvironmentalproblemwillmakethegovernmenttakeitseriously.

A.AwarenessB.RevolutionC.ExistenceD.evidence

14.（2019福建高二下期中）Peopleliketakingphotosbecausephotosaretheofyouthandhistoryand

canremindusofmanyhappyscenes.

A.WitnessB.GuidanceC.EvidenceD.approval

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15.（2019湖1匕高二下期中）TheyarepreparingthemselvesforanewlifeinAmerica,buttheydon'twant

totheiroldlifeentirely.

A.AttemptB.AdoptC.AbandonD.abolish

Key:1-5DADBA6-10CBCAD11-15DDAAC

一.單詞拼寫(xiě)

1.Thesmallanimalswerestorunawaywhentheysawatigerwalkingtowardsthem.

2.Anyonewithanaincomeofunder5000yuanmaybeeligibletoapply.

3.Heahiswifeandwentawaywithalltheirmoney.

4.Hedoesn'tseemtobeaofthecoldnessoftheirattitudetowardshisappeal.

5.Wewtremendouschangesinthecity.

Key:scared;annual;abandoned;aware;witnessed

二.閱讀理解

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

詞數(shù)：310完成時(shí)間：7分鐘難度：***

In1983apresidentialcommitteewarnedthat,"Theeducationalfoundationsofoursocietyare

presentlythreateningourveryfutureasanation."Morethantwodecadeslater,thatreport,ANationatRisk,

isstillsuitableforthecurrentsituation.

America'sschoolsarefailingus.They'renotpreparingenoughyoungpeopletosucceedinthe21st

century.Standardizedtestscoresshowthatstudentachievementisquitelow.Butthosescoresdon'ttellthe

wholestoryofthisrisingcrisis.Considerthese:

*Nearly30percentofstudentsdon'tgraduatefromhighschool.

*40percentofcollegefreshmenneedremedialclasses（輔導(dǎo)班）becausetheyareunprepared.

*WhileU.S.grade-schoolersoutrank（等級(jí)高于）manyoftheirinternationalpeers,high-scholars

don'tdosowell.

Sadly,moreandmoreyoungadultsaren'treadyforcollegeorwork—orforlife.They'renotgettingthe

skillstocompeteintoday'srapidlydeveloping"knowledgeeconomy"evenasothercountriesgrowmore

competitive.Bystandingstill,we'refallingbehind.

So,agoodfirststepwouldbetoliftourexpectationsforwhateachchildiscapableoflearning.Asolid

secondstepwouldbetoadoptnationaleducationstandardsthatemphasizemainstudies—math,science,

Englishandhistory—andmeasureresultswithnationaltesting.Inanagewhenlearningatechnique

requiresasmuchintelligenceasunderstandingatextbook,allstudentsneedthesamebaseofknowledge,

whethertheywillgoofftocollegeornot.

Andathirdstepistogivevocational（職業(yè)的）training.Noteveryoneshouldbeonthecollegetrack—

andastrongvocationalteachingsystemmightjustlowerthe30%highschooldropout（輟學(xué)）rate.

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Nosinglesolution—higherstandards,charterschools（特許學(xué)校）,meritpay（記功付酬）forteachers-

canmagicallysolveoureducationalproblems.Whatweneedisasystematic,nationalplanthatcombines

thesmartestreformsandtakesbraverisks.

41.Accordingtotheauthor'sopinion,wecanconcludethat.

A.thereport,ANationatRisk,onlyreflectedthepreviouseducationalsituationinAmerica

B.theAmericaneducationalsystemwasconsideredtosecurethenation'sfutureduringthepasttwenty

years

C.the1983reportis,tosomedegree,toooldtodescribethepresenteducationalsituationwell

D.inviewofthepresenteducationalsituation,Americanbasiceducationdoesn*tfunctionwell

42.Theauthor*sattitudetowardAmerica'sschoolsisthatof.

A.unconcernB.dissatisfactionC.toleranceD.sympathy

43.Throughthepassage,theauthorwantstotellusthat.

A.theproblemsofthepresentAmerica'sschoolsareverydifferentfromthoseoftwodecadesago

B.ifthefinancialproblemsaresolved,theproblemsofAmerica'sschoolswilldisappear

C.varietiesofschoolsshouldbebuilttosolvetheproblemsofAmerica'sschools

D.properstrategiesandreformsareneededinthecourseofsolvingthe