駐馬店市2024-2025學(xué)年度高三第一學(xué)期期末統(tǒng)一考試

英語

注意事項：

1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改

動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在

本試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂

到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題L5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選

項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅

讀一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.

答案是C

1.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?

ABuyacamera.B.Takephotos.C.Callthewoman.

2.Wheredoesthemanefrom?

A.Canada.B.France.C.Australia.

3.Whydoesthewomanplantogotothetown?

A.Topayherbillsinthebank.

B.Tobuybooksinabookstore.

C.Togetsomemoneyfromthebank.

4.Whatisthewomanconcernedabout?

A.Herhealth.B.Hercharacter.C.Herfigure.

5.Whichsandwichdoesthemanprefer?

A.Ahamsandwich.

B.Aturkeysandwich.

C.Achickensandwich.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題L5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項

中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完

后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.WherewasBillyesterdayevening?

A.Inacinema.B.Athisuncle's.C.Athome.

7.WhomightBillgotothemoviewithtonight?

A.Jane.B.Ben.C.Hisuncle.

聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8.WhatisJack?

A.Adriver.B.Astudent.C.Ateacher.

9.Howdoestheman'swifegotoworkonrainydays?

A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Bysubway.

聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

10.WhatisMartagoodat?

A.Designingsomeproducts.B.Operatingapany.C.Buildingawebsite.

11.WhatisMarta?schallenge?

A.Meetingthedeadline.

B.GettingalongwithherITteacher.

C.Makingbusinessmentrusther.

12.Whafstheman'sattitudetothewoman?

A.Doubtful.B.Supportive.C.Uncertain.

聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftherestaurant?

A.Ifsgood.B.It'scheap.C.Ifsstrange.

14.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Friends.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Couples.

15.Whatisthewomanbusydoing?

A.Buyingbooksonline.

B.Buyingthingsforthestore.

C.DoingasurveyonInternetshopping.

16.Howwastheman'sexperienceofInternetshopping?

A.Valuable.B.Pleasant.C.Notgood.

聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.Whendoesthespeechprobablytakeplace?

A.Atthebeginningofaterm.

B.Inthemiddleofaterm.

C.Attheendofaterm.

18.HowlongdoestheadvisoryofficeopenonSaturday?

A.8hours.B.9hours.C.10hours.

19.WhatcanJimSmithhelpwith?

A.Moneymatters.

B.Informationaboutjobs.

C.Studyrelatedproblems.

20.Whoshouldstudentsturntoiftheyhavepersonalproblems?

A.RodneyReid.B.LauraLea.C.JarrodHoward.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

MonefsGardenatGiverny

DaysAndTime

MonefsGardenwelesvisitorseverydayincludingpublicholidaysfrom9:30amto6pmfromMarch29th

throughNovember1st.

AdmissionTickets

MonefsGardenticketsareforsaleforthe2025seasonatthefollowingrate:

Normalfare:€13.00.

Seniorsandstudents:€8.50.

Disabled:€7.50.

Childrenunder7:freeofcharge.

PrivateGuidedTours

?Duration:around1.5hours.

?PrivatetoursaregiveninEnglish,French,SpanishorGerman.

?Guidedtourfees:€220.00foryourparty+admissiontickets.

TheTwoGardens

TherearetwopartsinMonet'sGarden:aflowergardencalledClosNormandinfrontofthehouseanda

Japaneseinspiredwatergardenontheothersideoftheroad.

TheClosNormand:WhenMonetandhisfamilysettledinGivemyin1883,thepieceoflandstretchingdown

fromthehousetotheroadwasanorchard（果園）enclosedbyhighstonewalls.Monetturneditintoagardenfull

offlowersofdifferentcolors.

Thewatergarden:In1893,Monetboughtaneighbouringpieceoflandontheothersideoftherailway.He

hadthefirstsmallponddug;lateronthepondwasenlargedtoitspresentdaysize.Inthiswatergarden,youwill

findthefamousJapanesebridgecoveredwithwisteria.

500,000visitorsdiscoverMonefsGardeneachyearduringthesevenmonthsthatitisopen.Takingpicturesis

permittedinthegarden,butonlyfromthewalkways.Picnicsareforbidden.Dogsandotherpetsarenotadmitted.

1.Howmuchshould2teacherswith20preschoolerspayforaguidedtour?

A.€196.00.B.€220.00.C.€246.00.D.€416.00.

2.Whatarevisitorsinformedaboutthetwogardens?

A.Theyareseparatedbyapond.

B.Theywerefirstconstructedin1883.

C.ClosNormandusedtobeavegetablegarden.

D.ThewatergardenfeaturesaJapanesebridge.

3.WhatcanvisitorsdoinMonefsGarden?

A.Visititallyearround.B.Enjoymealsbythepond.

C.Takephotosfromthepaths.D.Bringpetsintothegarden.

【答案】l.C2.D3.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了莫奈花園的開放時間、門票價格、私人導(dǎo)游服務(wù)、花園簡介以及參

觀須知。

【1題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)uPrivateGuidedTours,,部分中的^Guidedtourfees:€220.00foryourparty+admission

tickets.（導(dǎo)游費：220歐元，為您的團隊加上門票。）”以及“AdmissionTickets”部分中的“Normalfare:

€13.00.（正常票價：13.00歐元。）”以及“Childrenunder7:freeofcharge.。歲以下兒童：免費。）”可知，

導(dǎo)游費220歐元，兩位老師需要支付門票費用為13x2=26歐元，學(xué)齡前兒童免費。則兩位老師和20名學(xué)

齡前兒童參加導(dǎo)游服務(wù)需要支付220+26=246歐元。故選C項。

【2題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thewatergarden部分中的“Inthiswatergarden,youwillfindthefamousJapanese

bridgecoveredwithwisteria.（在這個水花園里，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)著名的被紫藤覆蓋的日本橋。）”可知，游客被告

知水花園有一座日本橋，是著名的日本風(fēng)格的拱橋。故選D項。

【3題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中uTakingpicturesispermittedinthegarden,butonlyfromthewalkways.（在花

園里可以拍照，但只能在人行道上。）”可知，游客可以在莫奈花園的人行道上拍照。故選C項。

B

Forthreedecades,Camilleri,aCanadianfashiondesigner,hadmadeanameforherselfdressingAlisters.Her

beautiful,delicatestylesfromleather,toeveningwear,tocustomothershowedinthecoversofthehottest

magazines.

ButwhenTurnbull-awellknownjournalistandwheelchairusersinceaterribleaccidentlefther

quadriplegic（四肢癱瘓者）in1983一approachedhertodesignstylish,fortableclothestofitherbodythroughthe

seasons,Camillerirealizedherrealcallingwastohelpbringfashiontoapletelyunderservedmunity."Ihadnoidea

thatsomeoneinachairhadanydifferentclothingneedsthanyouorI,“saysthedesigner.ccTheworldwasmy

marketbecausenobodyhadeverdonethisbefbre.^^In2004Camilleriopenedaboutique（精品店）speciallyfor

peoplewhousewheelchairs.

''Everythingwedo,thestartingpointisfromaseatedframe.Sowhathappenswhenyou'resitting?What

happenstotheclothes?Wherearetheygettingtogether?^^Camilleriexplains.€aWeliterallyhadtorecreatethe

patternstoacmodateaseatedframe.9,

Hercustomcreationshavechangedlives.Winkelaarhasbeeninawheelchairsinceacaraccidenttwoweeks

beforehisfourthbirthday.UntilhemetCamilleri,helackedconfidenceinhisappearanceandwasafraidof

enteringtheclothingstoresbecausehehadtroublefindingtrousersthatfitproperly.Salahhasspasticcerebralpalsy

（痙攣性腦癱）.Shesaysclothingstoresarealwaysdauntingplacesfullofpiecesoutofreach.Salahsaysshe

carriesherselfdifferentlynowandsheismoreconfidentinherappearance.Beingabletohaveaccessto

fashionablefunctionalclothinggivesheralotofdignity.

“Camilleri'spiecesarenowpartofanexhibitattheRoyalOntarioMuseum,andhersuccessinanewrare

markethasnotgoneunnoticedinthemainstreamfashionworld.Sheisatrulybrillianttechnician.Sheputsfashion

andconfidencewithinreachofthedisabled,CanadiantelevisionpersonalityandfashioncriticJeanneBekersays.

4.WhatdrivesCamilleritoopenaboutique?

A.Seekingfame.B.Makingaprofit.

C.Providingservice.D.Meetingachallenge.

5.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword"daunting“inparagraph4?

A.Inspiring.B.Frightening.C.Striking.D.forting.

6.WhatmessagedoesBekerwanttoconveyinthelastparagraph?

A.Camilleriisahighlyoriginalthinker.

B.Camilleriisaproductivemarketadvisor.

C.Camilleriisacriticaltechnicianleader.

D.Camilleriisasuccessfulfashioninnovator.

7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeCamilleri?

A.Caringandvisionary.B.Ambitiousandhardworking.

C.Creativeandstubborn.D.Determinedandconventional.

【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述了加拿大時裝設(shè)計師卡米列里為四肢癱瘓者等行動不便者設(shè)計時尚舒

適的衣服，并開設(shè)精品店，改變了他們的生活，在主流時尚界也獲得了認可。

【4題詳解】

推理判斷題o根據(jù)第二段“ButwhenTurnbull一awellknownjournalistandwheelchairusersinceaterrible

accidentleftherquadriplegic（四肢癱瘓者）in1983一approachedhertodesignstylish,fortableclothestofither

bodythroughtheseasons,Camillerirealizedherrealcallingwastohelpbringfashiontoapletelyunderserved

munity.（但是，當(dāng)特恩布爾------位著名的記者，自1983年一場可怕的事故導(dǎo)致她四肢癱瘓后一直使用輪

椅一一找到她，讓她設(shè)計時尚、舒適的衣服，以適應(yīng)她一年四季的身體變化時，卡米列里意識到她真正的

使命是幫助把時尚帶給一個完全沒有得到充分服務(wù)的群體。）”可知，是特恩布爾讓卡米列里意識到了四肢

癱瘓者等行動不便者對服裝有特殊需求，并且這個市場是空白的，所以她決定為他們提供服務(wù)，開一家精

品店。故選C。

【5題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上文“Salahhasspasticcerebralpalsy（痙攣性腦癱）.（薩拉（Salah）患有痙攣性腦癱。）”和下

文uSalahsaysshecarriesherselfdifferentlynowandsheismoreconfidentinherappearance.Beingabletohave

accesstofashionablefunctionalclothinggivesheralotofdignity.（薩拉表示，現(xiàn)在的她舉止不同了，對自己的

外表也更有自信。能夠穿上既時尚又實用的衣服，讓她感受到了極大的尊嚴?！埃笨芍胺b店總是

Salah她感到畏懼，因為那里的衣服總是高高掛起，遙不可及。由此可知，daunting意為“令人畏懼的，令

人害怕的"o故選B。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Camilleri'spiecesarenowpartofanexhibitattheRoyalOntarioMuseum,andher

successinanewraremarkethasnotgoneunnoticedinthemainstreamfashionworld.Sheisatrulybrilliant

technician.Sheputsfashionandconfidencewithinreachofthedisabled.（卡米列里的作品現(xiàn)在是安大略皇家博

物館展覽的一部分，她在新的稀有市場上的成功在主流時尚界也并非沒有被注意到。她是一位真正才華橫

溢的技術(shù)人員。她讓殘疾人也能夠接觸到時尚和自信。）”可知，貝克爾想表達的是卡米列里在時尚界取得

了成功，是一位成功的時尚創(chuàng)新者。故選D。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“ButwhenTurnbull——awellknownjournalistandwheelchairusersinceaterrible

accidentleftherquadriplegic（四肢癱瘓者）in1983-approachedhertodesignstylish,fortableclothestofither

bodythroughtheseasons,Camillerirealizedherrealcallingwastohelpbringfashiontoapletelyunderserved

munity.（但當(dāng)特恩布爾Turnbull）——一位自1983年一場可怕的事故導(dǎo)致她四肢癱瘓后便一直使用輪椅的知

名記者——找到卡米萊里，希望她能為自己設(shè)計一些既時尚又舒適、能適應(yīng)四季變化的衣服時，卡米萊里

意識到自己真正的使命是幫助這個長期被忽視的群體接觸時尚。）"以及"In2004Camilleriopeneda

boutique（精品店）speciallyforpeoplewhousewheelchairs.（2004年，卡米萊里開了一家精品店，專門為使用

輪椅的人服務(wù)。）”可知，她為四肢癱瘓者等行動不便者設(shè)計時尚舒適的衣服，并開設(shè)精品店，改變了他們

的生活，由此可知，她是一個有愛心的人；根據(jù)第二段^Theworldwasmymarketbecausenobodyhadever

donethisbefore.（整個世界都是我的市場，因為從來沒有人做過這件事。）”可知，她看到了這個市場是空白

的，所以她決定開一家精品店，這說明她是一個有遠見的人。故選A。

C

AgroupofgiraffesmoveselegantlyacrossawideopenKenyanplain.Theirlongnecksstretchhigh,swinging

gentlywitheachgracefulstep.Thesunbathesthelandscapeinagoldencolour,castinglongshadowsoverthe

grass.Inthedistance,thesnowcappedMountKilimanjarorisesgrandlyagainstthesky.

Whathasledtogiraffes5extraordinaryshape?AccordingtoCharlesDarwin,theneckof1.8mbenefitsthem

byallowingthemtooutreachshorterneckedpetitorstofeedongreenleavesintalltrees;ithasbeeaclassic

exampleofevolutionary（進化）theory.ButtheresearchfromEastAfricashowedthattallgiraffesfrequentlyfeed

fromlowgrowingbushesandeatfasterandmoreregularlyatlowheights.ThisisasurpriseforDarwin'sfeeding

petitionidea.

Giraffesinvestalotinneckgrowth.Malescontinuetogrowtheirnecksintooldage(about28),wellpastthe

timefemalesstop(aroundtheageof8).Atlast,maleshavelongandstrongnecks,whichtheyusetoshowoff

beforefemalesaswellasfightagainstenemies.Itseemsthattheirnecksaremorenotablyusedasweaponsthanfor

feeding.

Istheneckaresultofevolution?Theanswershoulddatebacktotheirancestors.In2022,agroupofexperts

ledbyaChinesebiologistuncoveredoneofthesmallestknowngiraffefossils.Thisancientanimal,standingabout

1.2mtall,showedashortbutstrengthenedneckandahornedhead.Thatwastheearliestknownshapeofgiraffes

everfound.Theylivedsome16.9millionyearsago!

Today?sgiraffesaremuchlarger,withneckslongerandhornsdramaticallyreduced.Withtheneckstheycan

notonlyeathigherandlower,spotdangerearlier,butfightwithmorepower.Theseallcontributetotheirsurvival.

Darwinisright.Watchingthegiraffesgracefullywanderacrosstheplain,Iamonceagaininaweofthenatural

beautyshapedbythepowerofnaturalselection.

8.WhatisthepurposeofmentioningtheresearchfromEastAfrica?

A.Todoubtanestablishedtheory.B.Toofferanadditionalexample.

C.Toadvocateformonsense.D.Tosupportaquestionedbelief.

9.Whatdoestheauthoraimtostressaboutgiraffes5neckgrowinginparagraph3?

A.Theadvantageofthemales.B.Theimportanceforsurvival.

C.Therelationwiththeirages.D.Thedifferencebetweengenders.

10.Whatisnowtheauthor'sattitudetowardsDarwin'stheory?

A.Heiswellconvinced.B.Heisdisapproving.

CHeismoretolerant.D.Heisstillcautious.

11.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.AnExceptiontoDarwin9sTheory.

B.GiraffesandTheirNeckpetition.

C.TheProblemofGiraffeEvolution.

D.Nature'sPerfectDesignforGiraffes.

【答案】8.A9.B10.A11.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹長頸鹿頸部進化之謎，探討其頸部增長與生存策略、性別差異之間

的關(guān)系，以及達爾文進化論在此中的體現(xiàn)與挑戰(zhàn)。

【8題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段"AccordingtoCharlesDarwin,theneckof1.8mbenefitsthembyallowingthem

tooutreachshorterneckedpetitorstofeedongreenleavesintalltrees;ithasbeeaclassicexampleofevolutionary

（進化）theory.ButtheresearchfromEastAfricashowedthattallgiraffesfrequentlyfeedfromlowgrowingbushes

andeatfasterandmoreregularlyatlowheights.ThisisasurpriseforDarwin'sfeedingpetitionidea.（根據(jù)查爾

斯?達爾文的觀點，1.8米長的脖子讓長頸鹿在覓食高樹綠葉時比短脖子的競爭者更有優(yōu)勢；這已成為進化

論的一個經(jīng)典例證。但東非的研究顯示，高大的長頸鹿經(jīng)常從低矮灌木中覓食，而且在低處進食更快、更

頻繁。這對于達爾文的覓食競爭理論來說是一個意外。）”可知，東非的研究結(jié)果顯示，高大的長頸鹿經(jīng)常

從矮灌木上覓食，并且在低高度吃得更快、更頻繁，這與達爾文的進食競爭理論相矛盾。因此，提到東非

的研究是為了質(zhì)疑已建立的理論。故選A項。

【9題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段aGiraffesinvestalotinneckgrowth.Malescontinuetogrowtheirnecksinto

oldage（about28）,wellpastthetimefemalesstop（aroundtheageof8）.Atlast,maleshavelongandstrongnecks,

whichtheyusetoshowoffbeforefemalesaswellasfightagainstenemies.Itseemsthattheirnecksaremore

notablyusedasweaponsthanforfeeding.（長頸鹿在頸部生長上投入很多。雄性持續(xù)生長頸部直至老年（約28

歲），遠超雌性停止生長的時間（約8歲）。最后，雄性擁有長而強壯的頸部，它們用頸部在雌性面前展

示，并與敵人戰(zhàn)斗。似乎它們的頸部更多是用作武器，而非用來進食。）”可知，長頸鹿在脖子的生長上投

入了很多，雄性長頸鹿的脖子不僅長而且強壯，它們用脖子在雌性面前炫耀以及對抗敵人。這表明，長脖

子對長頸鹿的生存非常重要。因此，作者在第三段中強調(diào)了長脖子對長頸鹿生存的重要性。故選B項。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后——段"Withtheneckstheycannotonlyeathigherandlower,spotdangerearlier,but

fightwithmorepower.Theseallcontributetotheirsurvival.Darwinisright.Watchingthegiraffesgracefully

wanderacrosstheplain,Iamonceagaininaweofthenaturalbeautyshapedbythepowerofnaturalselection.（有

了長頸，它們不僅能吃到更高和更低處的食物，還能更早發(fā)現(xiàn)危險，并且更有力量戰(zhàn)斗。這些全都有助于

它們的生存。達爾文是對的?？粗L頸鹿優(yōu)雅地漫步在平原上，我再次對自然選擇塑造的自然之美感到敬

畏。）”可知，長脖子使長頸鹿能夠吃更高和更低的食物，更早發(fā)現(xiàn)危險，并且以更大的力量戰(zhàn)斗，這些都

有助于它們的生存。作者認為達爾文是對的，并對自然選擇塑造的自然之美感到敬畏。因此，作者對達爾

文理論的態(tài)度是完全信服的。故選A項。

[11題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“AgroupofgiraffesmoveselegantlyacrossawideopenKenyanplain.Theirlong

necksstretchhigh,swinginggentlywitheachgracefulstep.Thesunbathesthelandscapeinagoldencolour,

castinglongshadowsoverthegrass.Inthedistance,thesnowcappedMountKilimanjarorisesgrandlyagainstthe

sky.（一群長頸鹿優(yōu)雅地行進在開闊的肯尼亞平原上。它們的長脖子高高伸起，隨著每一步優(yōu)雅的步伐輕輕

擺動。陽光給這片風(fēng)景鍍上一層金色，在草地上投下長長的影子。遠處，戴著雪冠的乞力馬扎羅山在天空

下雄偉地聳立著。）”、S^AccordingtoCharlesDarwin,theneckof1.8mbenefitsthembyallowing

themtooutreachshorterneckedpetitorstofeedongreenleavesintalltrees;ithasbeeaclassicexampleof

evolutionary（進化）theory.ButtheresearchfromEastAfricashowedthattallgiraffesfrequentlyfeedfrom

lowgrowingbushesandeatfasterandmoreregularlyatlowheights.ThisisasurpriseforDarwin'sfeedingpetition

idea.（根據(jù)查爾斯?達爾文的觀點，1.8米長的脖子讓長頸鹿在覓食高樹綠葉時比短脖子的競爭者更有優(yōu)

勢；這已成為進化論的一個經(jīng)典例證。但東非的研究顯示，高大的長頸鹿經(jīng)常從低矮灌木中覓食，而且在

低處進食更快、更頻繁。這對于達爾文的覓食競爭理論來說是一個意外。）”以及最后一段“Withthenecks

theycannotonlyeathigherandlower,spotdangerearlier,butfightwithmorepower.Theseallcontributetotheir

survival.Darwinisright.Watchingthegiraffesgracefullywanderacrosstheplain,Iamonceagaininaweofthe

naturalbeautyshapedbythepowerofnaturalselection.（有了長頸，它們不僅能吃到更高和更低處的食物，還

能更早發(fā)現(xiàn)危險，并且更有力量戰(zhàn)斗。這些全都有助于它們的生存。達爾文是對的?？粗L頸鹿優(yōu)雅地漫

步在平原上，我再次對自然選擇塑造的自然之美感到敬畏。）”可知，本文主要介紹了長頸鹿的長脖子是如

何形成的，以及長脖子對長頸鹿生存的貢獻。文章提到了達爾文的進化理論，并通過東非的研究結(jié)果和長

頸鹿祖先的化石發(fā)現(xiàn)，進一步探討了長脖子的進化過程。所以D項Nature飛PerfectDesignforGiraffes（自然

對長頸鹿的完美設(shè)計）表達的含義與本文主旨相符，適合用作本文標(biāo)題。故選D項。

D

Humorplaysagreatroleinhelpingonedealwithstress,anger,fear,anxietyandotherdifficultemotions.

Sometimes,thatmeanspurposefullyshoringupdefensesagainsthardtimestoe.Othertimesitcanmeanlaughing

whenyouwanttocry,orcrackinganillogicaljokewhenitfeelsliketheskyisfallingandEarthisonfire.

Topsychologists,humorisanunconsciouscopingmechanism,akindofstrategicbehaviororthought.Notall

ofthesestrategiesarebeneficial:Drinkingorovereating,forexample,aremoredangerouscopingmechanisms,

whereashumortapscreativityintostress,whichcanenableaviewpointshiftandblockdistressingemotions.

Andofcourse,there5sthephysicalreactionofhumor:laughter.Withitesbetterbreathing,musclerelaxation

andahigherpaintolerance."'Thestressisthere;youjustdon'tfeelitasmuch,“sayspsychologistSultanoff.

Ofcourse,humorisn'tfoolproof:Makingthewrongjokeinthewrongwayisjustaslikelytoincreasestress

anddisconnection.Meanspiritedordisparaging（貶低的）humoractuallycausespeopletobefurtherapartand

increasesdivision.

“Humorcanariseduringstresswithoutcauseorefforttomakeit.Buthumorcanalsobeplayedconsciously,9,

Sultanoffsays,addingthathesometimestravelswithaclownnosetofindfuninlife'severydayroutine.Joyful

useofhumorbuildspsychologicalantibodies（抗體）,“hesays.

Buttakingupthepowerofhumordoesn'tmeanignoringthenegatives.Thepointisnottoneverfeeldifficult

emotions.4<Stressisthereforareason,andifstocallyourattentiontoaproblemthatneedstobesolved,

Sultanoffsays."Whenyouexperienceanegativeemotionlikesadnessorangerorfrustration,it'simportantto

recognizewhythafsthere.^^Turningtohumortoosoonmaypreventsomeonefromprocessingemotionsina

healthyway,increasingstressratherthandecreasingit."Byexpressinghumoryougiveyourselfabreak.Andwe

allneedalittlebreak/9Sultanoffsays.

12.Howishumorhelpfulasacopingmechanism?

A.Itpreventshardtimesing.B.Itmeansanemotionalrelease.

C.Itgeneratespositivemindsets.D.Itinspiresartisticcreativity.

13.Whydoestheauthortalkaboutlaughter?

A.Tocorrectamisunderstanding.B.Toillustrateaneffectofhumor.

C.Todistinguishhumorfromit.D.Towarnthedangerofstress.

14.Whichofthefollowingiscalleddisparaginghumorinparagraph4?

A.Makingyourfriendlookstupid.B.Tellingastoryinafunnyway.

C.Wearingclownclothesataparty.D.Laughingatyourownmistakes.

15.WhatdoesSultanoffthinkofadifficultemotion?

A.It'ssomethingweshouldavoid.B.It'sareminderofourproblems.

C.Itdrawsourattentiontohumor.D.Itgivesusabreakfromroutine.

【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章討論了幽默的作用，然后進一步從心理學(xué)家的角度來看幽默是在哪個層

面上發(fā)揮作用。

【12題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段**Drinkingorovereating,forexample,aremoredangerouscopingmechanisms,

whereashumortapscreativityintostress,whichcanenableaviewpointshiftandblockdistressingemotions.（例J

如，飲酒或暴飲暴食是更危險的應(yīng)對機制，而幽默則能夠?qū)?chuàng)造力融入壓力之中，這可能會帶來視角的轉(zhuǎn)

變，并阻斷痛苦的情緒）”可知，幽默可以改變看問題的視角，抑制令人痛苦的情緒。由此推知，幽默的作

用主要是樹立積極的心態(tài)。故選c項。

【13題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Withitesbetterbreathing,musclerelaxationandahigherpaintolerance.（隨之而來

的是更順暢的呼吸、肌肉放松以及更高的疼痛耐受性）”可推知，作者本段談到laughter的積極作用，是為

了進一步闡述幽默的積極作用。故選B項。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題o根據(jù)第四段“Ofcourse,humorisn'tfoolproof:Makingthewrongjokeinthewrongwayisjustas

likelytoincreasestressanddisconnection.Meanspiritedordisparaging（貶低的）humoractuallycausespeopleto

befurtherapartandincreasesdivision.（當(dāng)然，幽默并不是萬能的：在錯誤的時機講錯誤的笑話，同樣可能增

加壓力和疏離感。帶有惡意或貶損性的幽默實際上會導(dǎo)致人們之間的距離進一步拉大，并加劇分裂）”可推

知，讓你的朋友看起來很蠢是一種貶低性幽默。故選A項。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段uWhenyouexperienceanegativeemotionlikesadnessorangerorfrustration,ifs

importanttorecognizewhythafsthere.（當(dāng)你體驗至!j悲傷、憤怒或挫敗感等負面情緒時，重要的是要認識到

這些情緒產(chǎn)生的原因）”可推知，Sultanof認為，difficultemotions讓我們認識至IJ我們的問題，這就是

difficultemotions的價值。故選B項。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12?5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選

項。

Itisfartoomonthatpeoplearecaughtoffguardbyasnowstormorsomeotherattacksofwintryweather.

Snowstormscanleadanyonetolifethreateningsituations,especiallyifonegetsstuckoutsideforextendedperiods.

16

Ifyou'redrivingtoaplacewheresnowstormsmighthappen,havingtherightclothingiscrucial.TheRed

Crosssays,“Wearlayeredclothing,gloves,andahat.17"Evenifitdoesn'tlookthatcoldorthreatening

whenyoudepart,bringalongenoughwarmclothingincaseweatherchangesunexpectedly.

18Initshouldbeasurvivalblanket,roadsalt,ashovel,aflashlight,andacellphonecharger.Check

thetirepressureandgas,andbringalongenoughfoodandwater.

Iftheweatherbeessevere,moveyourcartotheclosestgasstationorhotel.19Ifyourcargetsstuck

inthesnowbutconditionsaresafeenough,usetheshovelinthekittodigthetireoutandthesalttomeltthesnow.

Ifthisdoesnotwork,callforemergencyservices.

20Never,neverwalkforhelpduringasnowstorm.Stayinthevehicle,runthemotorforabout10

minuteseachhourforheat.Conserveyourenergyandrationanyfoodorwateryouhave.Staycalm,andbelieve

thattherescuersareontheway.

A.Ifthere?snonenearby,justpullover.

B.Openthewindowacrackforfreshair.

C.Theywillpreventthelossofbodyheat.

D.Undernocircumstanceshouldyouleaveyourvehicle.

E.Makesureyouhaveafullystockedsafetykitinyourcar.

EThen,whatshouldwedoifunfortunatelystuckinasnowstorm?

G.So,whatprotectivemeasuresshallwetaketopreventthedanger?

【答案】16.G17.C18.E19.A20.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在暴風(fēng)雪中應(yīng)該采取的防護措施。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)上文aSnowstormscanleadanyonetolifethreateningsituations,especiallyifonegetsstuckoutsidefor

extendedperiods.（暴風(fēng)雪會讓任何人陷入危及生命境地，尤其是當(dāng)一個人長時間被困在外面時）”和下文

介紹了一些在暴風(fēng)雪中可以采取的防護措施可知，此處起到承上啟下的作用，需要提出一個問題，即我們

應(yīng)該怎么做來防止這種危險的發(fā)生。選項G“那么，我們應(yīng)該采取什么保護措施來防止危險呢?”符合語

境。故選G。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Wearlayeredclothing,gloves,andahat.（穿多層的衣服，戴上手套和帽子）"和下文"Evenifit

doesn'tlookthatcoldorthreateningwhenyoudepart,bringalongenoughwarmclothingincaseweatherchanges

unexpectedly.（即使你出發(fā)的時候看起來并不那么冷，也不那么嚇人，也要帶上足夠的保暖衣物，以防天氣

突然變化。）”可知，此處介紹穿多層衣服，戴手套和帽子的目的是為了防止身體熱量的散失。選項C“它

們可以防止身體熱量散失”符合語境。故選C。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)下文“Initshouldbeasurvivalblanket,roadsalt,ashovel,aflashlight,andacellphonecharger.Checkthe

tirepressureandgas,andbringalongenoughfoodandwater.（里面應(yīng)該有救生毯、路鹽、鏟子、手電筒和手機

充電器。檢查輪胎壓力和汽油，并帶上足夠的食物和水）”可知，本段主要介紹的是在車里準(zhǔn)備一個裝備齊

全的安全工具包。選項E“確保你的車里有一個裝備齊全的安全工具包”符合語境。故選E。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)上文"Iftheweatherbeessevere,moveyourcartotheclosestgasstationorhotel.（如果天氣變得惡劣，把

你的車開到最近的加油站或旅館）“和下文"Ifyourcargetsstuckinthesnowbutconditionsaresafeenough,

usetheshovelinthekittodigthetireoutandthesalttomeltthesnow.（如果你的車被困在雪里，但情況足夠安

全，就用工具包里的鏟子把輪胎挖出來，用鹽來融化雪）”可知，此處介紹的是如果附近沒有加油站或旅館

應(yīng)該怎么做。選項A“如果附近沒有，就靠邊停車”符合語境。故選A。

[20題詳解】

根據(jù)下文“Never,neverwalkforhelpduringasnowstorm.Stayinthevehicle,runthemotorforabout10minutes

eachhourforheat.Conserveyourenergyandrationanyfoodorwateryouhave.Staycalm,andbelievethatthe

rescuersareontheway.（在暴風(fēng)雪中，千萬不要步行去尋求幫助。待在車里，每小時開動發(fā)動機約10分鐘取

暖。保存你的體力，合理分配你有的食物和水。保持冷靜，相信救援人員正在路上）”可知，本段主要介紹

的是在暴風(fēng)雪中千萬不要離開自己的車。選項D"在任何情況下你都不應(yīng)該離開你的車”符合語境。故選

Do

第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

In2009,AthertonandherroommatesetoffonaroadtripfromAnnapolistoPittsburgh.Astheydrovetoward

theirdestination,theircar21.leavingthemhelplesswithoutenoughmoneytorepairit.Whaf