年8月高等教育自學考試全國統(tǒng)一命題考試英語(二)試題課程代碼：00015一、閱讀判斷題(第1～10題，每題1分，共10分)下面的短文后列出了10個句子，請根據短文的內容對每個句子作出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，選擇A：如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，選擇C。在答題卡相應位置上將答案選項涂黑。BicycleCommutingImaynotbeamoviestar,best-sellingauthor,ormillionairewhenIgrowup,butonethingIwillbeknownfor,atleastlocally,iscommutingbybicycle:It'ssadtoseehowfewpeopledo--eventhoughmanycould.Lotsofpeopleeagerlycampaignforthereductionofgreenhousegases,butbydrivingcars,they'restillcontributingtotheproblem.Youmightbepicturingmeasanextremeenvironmentalist(環(huán)保主義者),butI'mnotoneofthoseteenagerswhowearshirtsthatsay"Helpsavetheworld:Recycle."Actually,myinterestinexercise,health,andfitnessledmetocycling.Cyclingcanhelpyouloseweight,improveyourhealth,andpreventmanydiseases.Cyclingalsocarriesarelativelylowchanceofinjury.Whilebeinggoodforyourbody,bicyclecommutingisalsoagreatwaytocutgreenhousegases.Manyenvironmentalistsrecycle,planttrees,anddrivehybridcars(混合動力汽車),butbicyclecommutingcouldbeevenmoreeffectivethanallofthosecombined.Youcouldcutdowntheamountofgreenhousegasesjustbycommutingbybicycleafewtimesaweek.Bicyclecommutingsavesmoneytoo.Whenyoubuyyourbicycleandthethingsthatusuallygowithit,youmightbeshockedbythecost.Butifyouthinkabouttheincreasinglyhighgasprices,youwillknowforsurethatyoucansaveasignificantamounteachyearbynotdrivingacar.Youmightthinkthatyoudon'thavetimeforbicyclecommuting.Actually,youprobablydo.YoucouldcutbackonyourTVtimeandpickupthisactivity.Ithelpsyoucarefortheenvironment,savemoney,andmostimportantlygetfit.1.Iwillwriteabest-sellingbookoncycling.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven2.Manylocalpeoplecommutebybicycle.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven3.Iamdevotedtoenvironmentalprotection.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven4.Istartedcyclingtoimprovemyhealth.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven5.Peoplearelesslikelytogetinjuredwhilecycling.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven6.Peopledrivetoworkforconvenience.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven7.Bicyclecommutingcouldbemoreeffectiveinreducinggreenhousegases.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven8.Peopleareinagoodmoodwhilecycling.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven9.Gaspriceskeepgoingup.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven10.Bikesareinexpensivetomostpeople.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven二、閱讀選擇題：（第11-15題，每題2分，共10分）閱讀下面短文，請從短文后所給各題的4個選項(A、B、C、D)中選出1個最佳選項，并在答題卡相應位置上將該項涂黑。Spilt(打翻的)MilkIrecentlyheardastoryaboutafamousscientistwhohadmadeseveralveryimportantmedicalachievements.Hewasaskedwhyhewassomuchmorecreativethantheaverageperson.Herespondedthatitallcamefromanexperiencewhenhewasabouttwo.Hehadbeentryingtoremoveabottleofmilkfromtherefrigeratorwhenhelosthisgrip(緊握)anditfell,spilling(打翻)themilkalloverthefloor.Whenhismothercameintothekitchen,insteadofyellingathim,orpunishinghim,shesaid,"Robert,whatawonderfulmessyouhavemade!Well,thedamagehasalreadybeendone.Wouldyouliketoplayinthemilkforafewminutesbeforewecleanitup?"Indeed,hedid.Afterafewminutes,hismothersaid,"Robert,wheneveryoumakeamesslikethis,eventuallyyouhavetocleanitup.So,howwouldyouliketodothat?Wecoulduseasponge(海綿)oratowel.Whichdoyouprefer?"Hechosethespongeandtogethertheycleanedupthespiltmilk.Hismotherthensaid,"Youknow,whatwehavehereisafailedexperimentinhowtoeffectivelycarryabigmilkbottlewithtwotinyhands.Let'sgooutinthebackyardandfillthebottlewithwaterandseeifyoucandiscoverawaytocarryitwithoutdroppingit."Thelittleboylearnedthatifhegraspedthebottleatthetopnearthelipwithbothhands,hecouldcarryitwithoutdroppingit.Thescientistremarkedthatitwasthenthatheknewhedidn'tneedtobeafraidtomakemistakes.Instead,mistakeswerejustopportunitiesforlearningsomethingnew,whichis,afterall,whatscientificexperimentsareallabout.Eveniftheexperiment"doesn'twork,"weusuallylearnsomethingvaluablefromit.11.Thisstoryisaboutascientistwho（）A.wassmarterthantheaveragepersonB.achievedgreatsuccessinthemedicalfieldC.wasextraordinarywhenhewasyoungD.becamewell-knownafteraninterview12.Hegotthemilkspiltalloverthekitchenfloorbecausehe（）A.slippedandfellB.wasweakC.droppedthebottleD.wasnaughty13.Afterseeingthespiltmilk,hismother（）A.encouragedhimtoplayinthemilkB.forcedhimtocleanthekitchenC.shoutedathimD.cleanedthefloorherself14.Themotherandthesonwentoutinthebackyardto（）A.findawaytocarrythebottleB.searchforanewbottleC.fillthebottlewithmilkD.cleanthebottle15.Accordingtothetext,mistakesgiveuschancesto（）A.dosomeexperimentsB.teachachildalessonC.knowthetruthD.learnsomethingnew三、概括段落大意和補全句子：（第16-25題，每題1分，共10分）閱讀下面短文，請完成短文后的2項測試任務：(1)從第16—20題后所紿的6個選項中為第①～⑤段每段選擇1個正確的小標題；(2)從第21～25題后所給的6個選項中選擇5個正確選項，分別完成每個句子。在答題卡相應位置上將答案選項涂黑。Volunteers①Volunteersarepeoplewhoworkwithoutbeingpaid.Theydotheworkbecausetheywantto.WeneedvolunteersbecausetherearemanythingsthatneedtobedoneinsocietywhichtheGovernmentcan'taffordtopayfor.②Volunteersaremotivatedbyadesiretohelpothersandtomaketheworldabetterplace.StatisticssuggestthatmorethanonemillionpeopledovoluntaryworkinNewZealand.Somevolunteersdothekindofworkthattheyareparticularlyinterestedin,butperhapshaven'thadthechancetododuringtheirworkinglives.Othersmakeuseoftheirprofessionalskillsandexperience.③Volunteerscontributetosocietyinanumberofways.Forexample,somegivetheirtimetohelppreservethenaturalenvironment.Whiletherearegovermnent-runprojectstomaintainnationalparksandforests,theprojectswouldnotsucceedwithoutvolunteers.Someenvironmentalorganizationsrelysolelyonvoluntarylabor.④"MealsonWheels"isavoluntaryorganizationrunbytheRedCross.Itdeliversmealstoelderlypeoplewhoareunabletocookforthemselves.Everyyearvolunteerdriversdeliveramillionmeals.Thisenableselderlypeopletoremainintheirownhouses.⑤VolunteerServiceAbroadwasstartedin1962.Itsendsvolunteerstopoorcountries.Tobeavolunteeryoushouldbebetweentheagesof25and77,ofgoodhealthandhaveaskillorabilitythatisrequestedbythecountry.Volunteersspendtwoyearshelpingthelocalpeopleimprovetheirlives.Twoyearsisalongtime,butwhentheyretum,manyvolunteerssay:"Itwasthebesttwoyearsofmylife."16.Paragraph①:17.Paragraph②:18.Paragraph③:19.Paragraph④:20.Paragraph⑤:A.WhypeoplewanttobevolunteersB.AnorganizationsendingvolunteersabroadC.AnorganizationdeliveringmealstotheelderlyD.DefinitionofvolunteersE.HowvolunteersareorganizedF.HowvolunteerscontributetosocietyTask221.Peopledovoluntaryworkbecausetheywantto22.Somevolunteershelpothersby23.Someorganizationsrelyonvolunteerstohelp24.Theelderlycanhavetheirmealsdeliveredwithout25.ManyvolunteersreturningfrompoorcountriesA.usingtheirprofessionalskillsB.findtheirexperiencerewardingC.preservethenaturalenvironmentD.helpothersE.leavingtheirhomesF.cookingfortheelderly四、填句補文（第26-30題，每題2分，共10分）下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個句子，其中5個取自短文，請根據短文內容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復文章原貌，并在答題卡相應位置上將答案選項涂黑。HowtoTalktoaDoctorIt'soneofthesaddestsituationsinmodemmedicine:Theaveragedoctor'sappointmentlasts15minutesorless.26Thatdoesn'tleavemuchtimeforchattingabouttheweatheroryourmood.Whatyoudon'trealize--butwhatIseeveryclearlyasadoctor--isthatwhatthepatientsaysismoreimportantthanever.27Theycanalsomakeitmuchharderformetofigureoutwhat'swrongwithyou.Medicalschoolsteachaspecificwaytoconductanofficevisit.Partoneisthecomplaint.28Parttwoisthephysicalexam.Andpartthreeiswhenthedoctorgivesyouadiagnosisandprescribestestsoratreatment.Chancesare,youfocusonpartthree,butthepatientswhoreceivethebestcarearethosewhomasterpartone.Thekeyistodescribeindetailwhatyou'vebeenfeeling--notjust"bad,"butwhatkindofbad,forhowlong,andafterwhatkindofactivity.29EventhoughI'vebeenadoctorformanyyears,ItendtobealittlenervouswhenI'mtheonesittingontheexamtable.IfIhaven'tprepared,IlosetrackofthedetailsIintendedtoshare.30Whenthedoctorasksyouquestions,youcanbemorespecific,andthediagnosisandtreatmentwillbemoreaccurate.Andtheremaybeafewminutesleftoverforalittlepleasantconversation!A.Itisalsocalledthedescriptionofyourproblem.B.SoItakeafewminutestowritedownsomecrucialdetails.C.Infact,yourdescriptionscanhelpmegiveyougreatcare.D.Nowonderyoufeelrushed.E.Ofcourse,that'seasiersaidthandone.F.Itiswisetoseeadoctorwithyourfriend.五、填詞補文（第31-40題，每題1.5分，共15分）下面的短文有10處空白，短文后列出12個詞，其中10個取自短文，請根據短文內容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復文章原貌，并在答題卡相應位置上將答案選項涂黑。PlantingaGardenPlantingagardenisalotlikehavingafamily.Bothrequireagreatdealofwork,31astheygrowandastheseasons32.Assummerdayslengthen,yourplantsbecome33onyou,muchlikeyourchildrendependonyouforfoodanddrink.Like,a34childaskingfordrinkofwater,yourplantsdothesame.Theirbentbodyissuesademandmuchthewayyourchildrequestsmilkorjuice.Gettingenoughwater,theywouldthrivesoon.Youmightalsofindyouhaveto35thespacearoundyourplants,muchlikeyoupickuptoysandclothesthathavebeenthrowninyourkid'sroom.Similarly,rosesneedtobepruned(修剪),andweedsneedtobepulled.Tokeepchildrenhealthy,parentsprotecttheirchildrenagainstdiseasewith36,andgardenersdothesamewithinsectrepellent(驅蟲劑).Tonourish(滋養(yǎng))them,parents37childrenvitamins,andgardenersusefertilizer,asbothpromotehealthygrowth.Aschildrengrowup,theyneedlesscare.However,here'swherethesimilarityends.Whileplantsdieorbecome38duringwinter,children39maintainanimportantroleinthefamily,andparentswillfindtheir40doesnotcometoanend.A.strongE.medicineI.changeB.giveF.especiallyJ.inactiveC.responsibilityG.helpK.dependentD.thirstyH.cleanL.still六、完形補文（第41-50題，每題1.5分，共15分）下面的短文有10處空白，每處空白后的括號內有一個詞，請根據短文內容將其正確的形式填入文中，以恢復文章原貌，并將答案寫在答題卡相應的位置上。WhatMakesUsDifferentThereasonEarthdiffer