08/807/8/2023屆高考英語(yǔ)寒假安魂提分卷（十一）第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFootball:DesigningtheBeautifulGameWhetheryouareacrazyfanorsidelinesupporter,visitorstothisexhibitionwillenjoydiscoveringtheremarkabledesignstoriesbehindtheworld’sbeautifulgame.WhattoexpectTheexhibitionexploresthestorybehindfootball,showinghowdesignhasbeenusedtopushthegametonewlimits.Takeajourneythroughover500objects,filmsandinterviewsinsportingperformance,equipmentdevelopmentandstadiumdesign,andinvolveyourselfinthestoriesofclubsandgamelegends(傳奇人物)includingMessi,Pelé,GeorgeBestandDiegoMaradona.HeldbytheDesignMuseumandtheNationalFootballMuseuminManchester,theshowrevealsthemasterplanningoftheworld’smostsignificantfootballstadiums,thedesigninnovationusedintoday’sequipment,howthegraphicdesignofteambadges(徽章)andpostersshapesaclub’sidentityandhowgrassroots’effortsarepushingthesport’scommercialization.Ticketinformation※Onlinebookingisadvisedbutticketswillalsobeavailableinthebookingoffice.Lastentrytotheexhibitionis90minutesbeforethemuseumcloses.※Adultticketsarechargedfrom￡16andstudentticketsfrom￡12.Meanwhile,youcansave25%onfamilyandgrouptickets.※Presentyourexhibitionentryticketfor10%offfoodanddrinkatLondonGradeCoffeeonthegroundfloor.1.Whatcanvisitorsdoattheexhibition?A.Designateambadge. B.Interviewmasterdesigners.C.Putonfootballequipment. D.Learnaboutfamousfootballplayers.2.Howmuchshouldacouplewiththeir11-year-oldsonpayatleastforadmission?A.￡33. B.￡36. C.￡44. D.￡48.3.Whatwillvisitorsenjoywiththeticket?A.Aspecialdiscountongoodsatacafe. B.Analbumofsignificantfootballstadiums.C.AfreevisittotheNationalFootballMuseum. D.Aninvitationtoaclub’ssportingperformance.BAcrowdcheeredKunleAdeyanjuasheturnedoffhismotorbikeengineaftercompletingatiring41-daytrip.The44-year-oldleftLondononApril19andarrivedinNigeria’scommercialcenterLagosonSundayaftertravellingmorethan8,000milesacross13countries.HestartedtheimpressivejourneytoraisefundsforRotaryInternationaltodealwithpolio(小兒麻痹癥)inhisnativeNigeria.AccompaniedbyadozenbikersforthelaststretchofthejourneyfromtheRepublicofBenin,AdeyanjuwaswelcomedbysupportersinIkeja,incentralLagos.Adeyanju,called“LionHeart”byfans,wonpopularityamongthepublicbypostingdailypictureswithcommentsabouthisjourneyonsocialmedia.Ateverystopalongtheway,hewasgreetedbyenthusiasticsupporters.Hedidfacesomechallenges,liketheoneinMaliwhereoneofhiswheelsbroke.“Iwasstandinginthemiddleofthenight,aloneinabush,notknowingwhattodo,withoutspeakingthelanguage,”hesaid,explaininghehadtowalktothenearestvillage.“Fortunately,thelocalshelpedme.”Notallofthechallengeshefacedweresolvedsmoothly.“Mauritania,acountryinnorthwestAfrica,was‘terrible’,”hesaid,afterhegotrobbedofhundredsofeuros.“Theworstexperience,”headded.TheformerShellemployeeself-fundedhistripwith$20,400insavings,hopingtoraiseupto$48millionforRotaryInternational.“IhavebeensufferingfromalackofsleeplatelybecauseIsleptonlythreetofourhourspernight.ButIfeelproudbecauseIfinishedthischallenge,”Adeyanjusaidjustafterhearrived,wipingthesweatoffhisface.AdeyanjuaddedthatheisnowplanningtohaveapossiblecyclingtriptoGhanaorabikeridetoIsraeltohelpraisemorefunds.Andhehasanotherdream:toclimbMountQomolangma.4.WhydidAdeyanjugoonthe41-daytrip?A.Tochallengehimself. B.Tohelpfightpolio.C.Toconnectwithmorepeople. D.ToadvertiseRotaryInternational.5.HowdidAdeyanjubecomepopularduringthejourney?A.Byusingthetitle“LionHeart”. B.Bycommentingonotherbikers’journeys.C.Bysharinghisexperiencesonline. D.Byshowinghisdeeploveforhishometown.6.WhatmadeAdeyanju’sexperienceinMauritaniaunpleasant?A.Hisgettinglostinthebush. B.Hismeetingwithcrime.C.Hisfailingtounderstandthelocals. D.Hismotorbike’sbreakingdown.7.WhichwordscanbestdescribeAdeyanju?A.Caringanddetermined. B.Reliableandenthusiastic.C.Generousandsensitive. D.Adventurousandconfident.CWehumansoftennavigate(導(dǎo)航)usingroadsignsandGPS.Butwhataboutelephants?ConnieAllen,abehavioralecologistattheUniversityU.K.xeterintheU.K.,said“theelephantsnavigateoverlongdistancesusingtheirunbelievablememories”,whichmakesothersconsiderthatanelephantwillneverforget.Butit’salsobeensuggestedhereandtherethatmaybeolfactionisextremelyimportantfortheselong-distancemovements.AllenandhercolleaguescheckedthatideabytestingAfricanelephants’abilitytoidentifyaveryspecialsmell:thesmellofpee(尿).Yousee,anelephantpeesalot—some12to15gallonsaday—andthatpeecancontainaseriesofchemicalsignals.Butfirst,theyneededsomepee.SotheyheadedforaspotalongBotswana’sBotetiRiverandwaited.Theywaitedforelephantstopeeand,within20minutes,wentandcollectedthesefreshpeesamples.Thentheysetupcamerasonsevenpathswhichtheelephantsusuallywalkedalong.Afterobservingtheelephants’naturalbehavioronthepaths,theynoticedthatthemajorityoftheelephantscheckedsmellsalongthepaths—especiallyelephantstravellingalone,whichisanindication,theresearcherssaid,thatsmellsmayserveassignpostsalongthepaths.Next,theyplacedthosepeesamplesalongthepaths.Andtheyfoundthatforatleasttwodays,passingelephantstrainedtheirtrunksonthesamples,especiallysamplesfrommatureadults,whichisanotherindicationthatsmellsmightbeaneffectivenavigationalsignal.TheirfindingsappearedinthejournalAnimalBehavior.Basedontheseresults,theyhopeconservationistsmightbeabletouseelephantpeeasadecoy(誘餌).Ifwecantrickelephantsintothinkingotherelephantsaregoingthisway,maybewecanredirectthemawayfromwheretheyarecomingintoconflictwithhumansatthemoment.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“olfaction”inparagraph1mean?A.Theroadsidesignpost. B.Thesenseofsmell.C.Thelong-termmemory. D.Thesenseofdirection.9.Howdidresearchersgettheirconclusions?A.Bydoingfieldresearch. B.Byanalyzingcausesandeffects.C.Bymakingcomparisons. D.Bydoinglaboratoryexperiments.10.Whatmightbeapotentialbenefitofthefindingsaccordingtothetext?A.Helpingelephantstofindothercompanions. B.Inspiringnewresearchdirectionsinelephants.C.Raisingpublicawarenessofelephantprotection. D.Makingelephantsandhumanscoexistpeacefully.11.Whichcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.Africanelephantsshowpersonality-basedmovements B.ElephantsarebornwithexcellentabilitytonavigateC.Africanelephantsmayusepeeasaroadsign D.ElephantshaveagoodmemoryforroadsDFelixRuppertandAlexanderBadri-SprowitzattheMaxPlanckInstituteforIntelligentSystemsinStuttgart,Germany,designedahalf-meter-highrobotcalledMortiandgaveittheabilitytoteachitselfhowtowalk,ratherthantoperformapre-programmedstep.Thefour-leggedrobottookonlyanhourtolearnhowtowalksteadily,roughlythesameamountoftimeasnewbornhorsesneed.Andit’sthefirsttimethatamachinelearningtechniquehasbeensosuccessfullyappliedtofour-leggedrobots.Mortiiscontrolledbyanartificialintelligence(AI)algorithm(算法)thatdoesn’thavemuchinformationabouttherobot’slegs,suchastheexactshapeofeachelement.“TheAI,workinglikethecentralnervoussystem,giveswalkinginstructionsforMortitofollow.Itthenadjuststhembasedonreadingsfromfootsensorsthatsignalwhentherobotfallsandlosescontactwiththeground.Initially,Mortifallsdown,butafteraboutanhourtheAIfindsthebestwaytomakeitwalk,”saidRuppert.BecausetheAIlearnsratherthancalculatingdetailsofeachleg’smovementinadvance,whichcanusealotofenergy,Mortiwalksusing42percentlessenergythanwhenitfirststartsattheendofanhour-longlearningprocess.Morti’sprocesscopiesthewaybabyanimalslearntomove,astheyalsofindthemostefficientwaytousetheirmusclesbytryingandinitiallytripping.DhireeshaKudithipudiatTheUniversityofTexasatSanAntoniosaidthatAIrobotscanoftenlearnaspecifictaskverywellbutcan’treadjustwhentheenvironmentchangesandthatMorti’sdesign,whichreliesoncontinuallyadjustingtherobot’smovements,mayperformbetterinthatregard.RuppertsaidheandtheteamareworkingonaddingmoresensorsandrangeofmotiontoMortitomakeitamoreanimal-likerobot.12.WhatisspecialaboutMorti?A.Itispre-programmedtowalk. B.Itcanlearntowalkbyitself.C.Itisthefirstfour-leggedrobot. D.Itcanhelpteachthenewborns.13.WhichaspectofMortiisstressedinparagraph2?A.Itsbodystructure. B.Itsdesignconcept.C.Itslearningprocess. D.Itsworkingconditions.14.HowdoestheAI’slearningabilitybenefitMorti?A.BypredictingMorti’slegmovements. B.BytrainingMorti’smusclestothebest.C.ByloweringMorti’senergyconsumption. D.BystrengtheningMorti’sbondwithothers.15.WhatisDhireeshaKudithipudi’sattitudetowardMorti?A.Doubtful. B.Concerned. C.Subjective. D.Favorable.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。You’llprobablybefamiliarwiththeNorthAmericanspellingoftheword“airplane”.However,ifyou’veeverbeenonaninternationalflightleavingtheUnitedStatesandgoingtoanotherEnglish-speakingcountryliketheUnitedKingdom,you’veprobablynoticedthatthereareafewdifferencesbetweentheAmericanandBritishspellingsofwordswiththesamemeaning.16.TheAmericanEnglishspellingis“airplane”whiletheBritishEnglishspellingis“aeroplane”.So,whydoesthishappen?Let’slookattherootofthephenomenon.17.“BritishEnglishhasageneraltendencytofavorspellingsandwordsthatremindpeopleofFrench,butAmericanEnglish,whenithasdeviated(背離)fromwhatBritishEnglishdoes,oftenchangesintothedirectionofseeminglessFrench,”saysLynneMurphy,authorofTheProdigalTongue:TheLove-HateRelationshipBetweenBritish&AmericanEnglish.18.“Aeroplane”isnoexception.“We’recomfortablewith‘a(chǎn)ero’inscientificterms,butasplanesbecamemorecommonthingstotalkabout,the‘a(chǎn)ero’seemedtoofancy,”explainsMurphy.“InScientificAmericanin1906,therewasalreadyaclaimthat‘19’.Tenyearslater,‘a(chǎn)irplane’wasadoptedbytheNationalAdvisoryCommitteeforAeronauticsastheirterm.ItwasconsideredintheUnitedKingdom,butthatsuggestiondidn’tgoanywhere.”There’sagoodreasonwhywordsthatmeanthesamethingarespelleddifferently,andwhythatwillcontinuetohappen.“20,andpeoplearegenerallyproudofit,sotheycontinuetospelldifferently,”saysMurphy.A.EverycountryhasdifferentcultureB.Yourspellingtellspeoplewhereyou’refromC.Theword“airplane”happenstobeanexampleD.AirplaneisamuchbetterwordthanaeroplaneE.AmericanEnglishandBritishEnglishhavesimilarhistoricaloriginsF.There’salotofhistorythatgoesbeyondwordsanddivesdeepintopolitics,government,andscienceG.AlotofwordsintheEnglishlanguageareborrowedfromotherlanguages,likeLatin,Greek,andFrench第二部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。AftermyhusbandRandydied,decidingwhattodowithhisgardenwasonthelistofnecessarytasks.Yearsbefore,Randyhad21dozensofdaffodils(水仙)inouryard.Forhim,theyservedassignalsofhope,showingthatlightand22wouldsoonreplacethedarkandcold.Lookingatthem,IthoughtabouthowRandyhad23chosenplantssowe’dappreciatethemeverymonth.ThenI24theweeds.Ineededtogettowork.TheworkwasquietandcomfortingandIbecame25thatithelpedmefeelclosetoRandy.Asspringturnedtosummer,mylistofurgentgardentasksgot26.Itmademefeelgood—thissenseof27.Gradually,Ifelttheseedsofhealing(治愈)beganto28myheart.MythoughtsofRandy29lessonthesadnessofmylifewithouthim.InoticedI30more.Whenneighborswerefullof31forthebeautyofouryard,saying“Randywouldbesoproud”,I’d32withasmile,“Yes,Ibelievehewould.”Lookingoverthegarden,Ifelt33thatmyeffortsthistimehelped34whathecreated.Whensummerbecamefall,Iturnedmy35to“puttingthegardentobed”.Whileafallandwintergarden36seemsunproductive,Iknowit37plentyoflife.Thelushgreenness(郁郁蔥蔥)ofspringandsummermaybe38,butdeepinthesoilanddowntotherootsofeverylivingthing39theseedsofwhatisreadyto40again.21.A.spotted B.raised C.purchased D.removed22.A.warmth B.beauty C.happiness D.energy23.A.freely B.randomly C.carefully D.willingly24.A.checked B.pulled C.remembered D.noticed25.A.determined B.aware C.proud D.satisfied26.A.clearer B.shorter C.neater D.fuller27.A.purpose B.responsibility C.achievement D.security28.A.havecontrolof B.makeroomfor C.keeppacewith D.takerootin29.A.focused B.counted C.acted D.based30.A.progressed B.worked C.considered D.laughed31.A.enthusiasm B.anxiety C.praise D.plan32.A.reply B.stress C.explain D.report33.A.touched B.doubtful C.pleased D.grateful34.A.receive B.promote C.strengthen D.preserve35.A.interest B.heart C.attention D.back36.A.probably B.occasionally C.constantly D.partly37.A.changes B.presents C.expects D.holds38.A.obvious B.gone C.alive D.great39.A.rest B.spread C.stand D.survive40.A.accumulate B.flower C.appear D.mature第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。WorldTaiChi&QigongDayfallingonthelastSaturdayofAprilisanannualeventorganized41.(promote)TaiChiandQigongacrosstheworld.42.itstartedin1999,themovementhaswitnessedpeopleinover80countriestakingpartinitscelebrations.ThefirstformofTaiChiasapracticaltradition43.(document)inNorthernChinainthe17thcentury,44.themostwidelyrecognizedformwasthe“Yangstyle”spreadbyYangLuchaninthe19thcentury.Inthe20thcentury,TaiChi’svariousmethodswerestandardized,helpingitgain45.(wide)recognition.TheeventthatinspiredWorldTaiChi&QigongDaytookplaceinKansasCity,Missouriin1998,wherethelocalTaiChiclub