AutomobileSpecialtyEnglishLesson1FundamentalsofAutomobile駱佼2023/2/31汽車專業(yè)英語(yǔ)Cars2023/2/3汽車專業(yè)英語(yǔ)2SedanCargo-busSUVJeepSemitrailerTruck/LorryPick-upFlatbedTruckMinivanTouringBus/CoachDumperWreckingTruckTheAutomobileCategorySedan/saloon：四門(mén)轎車Coupe:雙門(mén)小跑車Hatchback：艙門(mén)式后背汽車Convertible：敞篷汽車Roadster：雙人敞篷跑車Pick-up：小型貨車Cargo-bus（cargovan)：客貨兩用車Jeep：吉普車Van（lightcommercialvehicle）：廂式送貨車Minibus（minicoach)：小型客車Touringbus（coach）：旅游客車Semitrailer：半掛車Flatbedtruck：平板式貨車Dumper：自卸車Lorry(truck)：貨車Stationwagon:旅行車SportUtilityVehicle(SUV)：運(yùn)動(dòng)型多功能車RecreationalVehicle(RV)：

娛樂(lè)休閑車Limo：房車Wreckingtruck：救援吊車MPV（MultiplePurposeVehicle）：多用途車RefrigeratedVan：冷藏車GirderTruck:長(zhǎng)尺寸貨物運(yùn)輸車Self-loadingTruck：自裝卸式貨車SemitrailerVan:廂式半掛車TruckCrane：汽車吊車CarTransporter:運(yùn)載小轎車用半掛車FireVehicle:救火車TarSparkingTanker：柏油噴灑車RefuseCollection：垃圾收集車RecoveryVehicle：救援車WorkshopTruck：修理車GullyEmptier：污水車Bowser：加油車Tank-truck：液罐車LiquidGasVehicle：液化氣罐車CompactCar：緊湊型車HybridCar：混合動(dòng)力車Trailer：拖車Tractor：牽引車Cross-countryVehicle/Van：越野車MUV（MultipleUtilityVehicle）2023/2/3汽車專業(yè)英語(yǔ)32023/2/3汽車專業(yè)英語(yǔ)42010LamborghiniGallardo2023/2/3汽車專業(yè)英語(yǔ)52023/2/36汽車專業(yè)英語(yǔ)2023/2/37汽車專業(yè)英語(yǔ)Automobile:roadvehiclethatismotor-drivenandisusedfortransportingpeople.Trunk:placeforstowingbaggage.Taillight:rearlight.Backfender:siderearpartofthebodythatcoversthewheel.Quarterwindow:windowpanesituatedapproximatelyabovetherearwheel.Roofpost:verticalstructurethatsupportsthetopofthecar.Window:mountedpaneofglass.Doorhandle:partofthedoorusedtoopenit.Door:openingusedtoenterthepassengercompartment.Outsidemirror:externalmirrorusedforlookingbackwards.Doorpost:verticalstructuresthatencasethewindows.Hubcap:pieceofmetalcoveringthehubs.Wheel:roundobjectthatturnsaroundacentralaxelandallowsthecartoadvance.2023/2/38汽車專業(yè)英語(yǔ)Frontfender:sideforepartofthebodythatcoversthewheel.Shield:movableapparatusthatprotectsagainstbumps.Indicatorlight:amberlightthatisusedtosignalchangesinthecar'sdirection.Licenseplate:pieceofmetalthatcarriesanumberusedtoidentifytheautomobile.Bumper:apparatusatthefrontandrearofavehiclethatprotectsthebodyfromminorbumps.Headlight:frontlightofacar.Grill:plasticormetaldecorationovertheradiator.Hood:coveroftheenginecompartmentatthefrontofacar.Windshieldwiper:movabledevice,madepartlyofrubber,thatwipesthewindshieldandrearwindowofacar.Outsidemirror:externalmirrorusedforlookingbackwards.Windshield:thefrontwindowofacar.Sunroof:movablepartthatallowstheroofofacartobepartiallyopened.Roof:upperpartofacar,coveringthepassengercompartment.2023/2/3汽車專業(yè)英語(yǔ)9NewWordscategoryn.種類，類型Chassisn.底盤(pán)Cylindern.氣缸，柱體Ignitionn.點(diǎn)燃，點(diǎn)火Compressionn.壓縮Transmissionn.傳動(dòng)系Hoodn.罩Trunkdeck行李艙蓋Cargon.貨物Assemblyn.總成，裝配Suspensionn.懸架Clutchn.離合器Propellor/propellern.螺旋槳，推進(jìn)器Propellorshaft傳動(dòng)軸2023/2/3汽車專業(yè)英語(yǔ)10Differentialn.差速器Hydraulica.水力的，液力的，液壓的Flexiblea.易彎的，靈活的Flexiblejoint萬(wàn)向節(jié)Torque

n.轉(zhuǎn)矩，扭矩Torqueconvertor變矩器Multiplicationn.增加，放大Absorbvt.吸收，緩沖Shockn.沖擊Occupantn.占有者，乘員Steeringn.轉(zhuǎn)向，操縱Steeringwheel轉(zhuǎn)向盤(pán)Manoeuvren.,v.機(jī)動(dòng)，動(dòng)作，操縱Stationarya.不動(dòng)的，靜止的2023/2/3汽車專業(yè)英語(yǔ)11Liningn.襯里，襯片Drumn.鼓，圓筒Disc

n.圓盤(pán)Chargev.充電Alternatorn.交流發(fā)電機(jī)Incorporatev.結(jié)合，包括Regulatorn.調(diào)節(jié)器Hornn.喇叭Wipern.擦拭之物，刮水器Washern.洗滌器Speedometern.速度計(jì)，里程計(jì)Coolantn.冷卻劑Computerizevt.計(jì)算機(jī)化2023/2/3汽車專業(yè)英語(yǔ)12Notes:[1]Bothenginesarecalledheatengines:theburningfuelgeneratesheat

whichcausesthegasinsidethecylindertoincreaseitspressureandsupplypowertorotateashaftconnectedtothetransmission.(p.1,para.2)

兩種發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)均被稱為熱機(jī)，由燃燒的油產(chǎn)生熱，引起氣缸內(nèi)氣體的壓力升高，并輸出動(dòng)力使連接到傳動(dòng)系的軸旋轉(zhuǎn)。which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾heat。connectedto做定語(yǔ)修飾ashaft.[2]Theclutchortorqueconverterhasthetaskofdisconnectingandconnectingtheengine’spowerfromandtothedrivingwheelsofthevehicle.(p.2,para.4)

離合器或變矩器具有結(jié)合和切斷發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)與汽車驅(qū)動(dòng)輪間動(dòng)力的作用。2023/2/3汽車專業(yè)英語(yǔ)13Notes（cont’d)[3]Themainpurposeofthegearboxistoprovideaselectionofgearratiobetweentheengineanddrivingwheels,sothatthevehiclecanoperatesatisfactorilyunderalldrivingconditions.(p.2,para.5)

變速器的主要作用是在發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)與驅(qū)動(dòng)輪間具有一個(gè)可選擇的齒輪比，以便車輛在各種運(yùn)行工況下滿意地工作。

between…and…，在……與……之間；

sothat,“為了”，“以便”，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。[4]Therearaxleanddifferentialunittransmitstheengine’srotationalpowerthrough90°from

propshaftto

axleshafttoroadwheels.

后軸和差速器裝置把發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的旋轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)力，在傳動(dòng)軸與后軸之間轉(zhuǎn)向90°后傳遞給車輪。

transmit…to…:把……傳遞到…… from…to…：從……到……2023/2/3汽車專業(yè)英語(yǔ)14Notes（cont’d)[5]Thebasicjobofthesuspensionsystemistoabsorbtheshockscausedbyirregularroadsurfacesthatwouldotherwisebetransmittedtothevehicleanditsoccupants,thushelpingtokeepthevehicleonacontrolledandlevelcourse,regardlessofroadconditions.(p.3,para.2)

懸架系統(tǒng)的基本作用是吸收由不規(guī)則路面引起的振動(dòng)，從而有利于把車輛保持在一個(gè)受控的水平方向上，否則振動(dòng)將傳至車輛和車輛上的乘員。

that引導(dǎo)條件定語(yǔ)從句，wouldbe表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件，修飾theshocks；

thushelping為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)，表示結(jié)果；

keepone’scourse:保持……的方向。

2023/2/3汽車專業(yè)英語(yǔ)15Notes（cont’d)[6]Eachwheelhasabrakeassembly,o