流行病學(xué)專業(yè)英語詞匯A安慰劑Placebo安慰劑效應(yīng)placeboeffectsB把握度studypower半試驗(yàn)semi-trial保護(hù)率protectiverate,PR報(bào)告偏倚reportingbias暴露exposure暴露標(biāo)志exposuremarker暴露懷疑偏倚exposuresuspicionbias爆發(fā)調(diào)查outbreaksurvey被動(dòng)監(jiān)測passivesurveillance比例研究proportionalstudy比值比OddsRatio,OR必需病因necessaryfactorofcause標(biāo)點(diǎn)地圖spotmap標(biāo)化比例死亡比standardizedproportionalmortalityratio,SPMR標(biāo)化比值比standardizedoddsratio,SOR標(biāo)化死亡比standardizedmortalityratio,SMR標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化standardization標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化率比standardizedrateratio,SRR“冰山”現(xiàn)象ice-bergphenomenon丙型肝炎hepatitisC，HC并聯(lián)試驗(yàn)paralleltest病毒性肝炎viralhepatitis病例報(bào)告casereport病例-病例研究case-casestudy病例調(diào)查casesurvey病例對(duì)照研究case-controlstudy病例交叉設(shè)計(jì)case-crossoverdesign病例交叉研究case-crossoverstudy病例-系列研究case-seriesstudy病死率fatalityrate病因causationofdisease病因的異質(zhì)性etiologicalheterogeneity病因分值etiologicfraction，EF病因鏈chainsofcausation病因網(wǎng)webofcausation不合格ineligibility不依從noncomplianceC測量偏倚measurementbias長期變異secularchange,trendvariation超額死亡率excessmortality超額危險(xiǎn)度excessrisk巢式病例對(duì)照研究nestedcase-controlstudy成本效果分析cost-effectivenessanalysis成本效益分析cost-benefitanalysis成本效用分析cost-utility成組匹配categorymatching抽樣調(diào)查samplingsurvey抽樣框架samplingframe抽樣誤差samplingerror出生隊(duì)列birthcohort出生隊(duì)列分析法birthcohortanalysis初級(jí)衛(wèi)生保健primaryhealthcare,PHC傳播概率transmissionprobability傳播機(jī)制mechanismoftransmission傳播途徑pathoftransmission傳播途徑transmissionroute傳播因素transmittingfactor傳染病communicablediseases傳染過程infectiousprocess傳染性infectiousness串聯(lián)試驗(yàn)serialtest粗死亡率crudedeathrate改成crudemortalityrate較好粗一致性crudeagreement促成病因contributoryfactorofcause錯(cuò)分偏倚misclassificationbias錯(cuò)誤分類misclassificationD大骨節(jié)病Kashin-Beckdisease大流行pandemic代表性representativeness單倍型haplotype單純隨機(jī)抽樣simplerandomsampling單盲singleblind單項(xiàng)篩檢singlescreening等位基因allele等位基因頻率genefrequency地方病endemicdiseases地方病學(xué)Endemiology地方性endemicity地方性氟中毒endemicfluorosis地方性砷中毒endemicarsenism點(diǎn)突變pointmutation點(diǎn)源流行pointsourceepidemic碘缺乏病iodinedeficiencydisease調(diào)查隨訪研究surveyfollow-upstudy調(diào)整一致性adjustedagreement丁型肝炎hepatitisD，HD動(dòng)態(tài)人群dynamicpopulation毒力virulence短期波動(dòng)irregularvariation,rapidfluctuation隊(duì)列cohort隊(duì)列研究cohortstudy對(duì)象報(bào)告偏倚reportbias多歸因程序的方法Multipleimputationprocedure多國心血管病趨勢和決定因素監(jiān)測MultinationalMonitoringofTrendsandDeterminantsinardiovascularDiseases,MONICA多級(jí)抽樣multistagesampling多群組比較研究multi-groupcomparisonstudy多態(tài)性polymorphism多項(xiàng)篩檢multiplescreeningE惡性腫瘤流行病學(xué)cancerEpidemiology二代侵襲率,續(xù)發(fā)率secondaryattackrate，SAR二級(jí)預(yù)防secondarypreventionF發(fā)病率incidencerate,morbidity發(fā)病密度incidencedensity發(fā)病密度incidencedensity發(fā)生率研究incidencestudy飛沫droplet飛沫核dropletnuclei非即時(shí)性non-concurrent非均衡性錯(cuò)分differentialmisclassification非連續(xù)性狀Discretetraits肺炎與流感死亡率pneumoniaandinfluenzadeaths,即P&Ideaths分層stratification分層抽樣stratifiedsampling分層隨機(jī)分組stratifiedrandomization分類變量categoricalvariable分離分析segregationanalysis分子流行病學(xué)MolecularEpidemiology封閉性抗體blockingantibodies氟斑牙dentalfluorosis氟骨癥skeletalfluorosis負(fù)混雜negativeconfounding復(fù)等位基因位點(diǎn)multiplealles復(fù)雜性狀complextraitG概念框架conceptualframework干預(yù)隨訪研究interventionfollow-upstudy感染儲(chǔ)主reservoirofinfection感染來源sourceofinfection感染力infectivity感染譜spectrumofinfection感染梯度gradientofinfection感染性腹瀉infectiousdiarrhea感染性腹瀉病infectiousdiarrhealdisease感染癥infectionsorinfectiousdiseases高危人群策略highriskstrategy個(gè)案case個(gè)案調(diào)查casestudy個(gè)案調(diào)查individualsurvey個(gè)體匹配individualmatching工程干預(yù)engineeringintervention共變法methodofconcomitantvariation共顯性codominance構(gòu)成比proportion固定隊(duì)列fixedcohort故意傷害intentionalinjuries關(guān)聯(lián)的合理性plausibilityofassociation關(guān)聯(lián)的可重復(fù)性consistencyofassociation關(guān)聯(lián)的強(qiáng)度strengthofassociation關(guān)聯(lián)的時(shí)間性temporalityofassociation關(guān)聯(lián)的特異性specificityofassociation關(guān)聯(lián)的一致性coherenceofassociation觀察偏倚observationalbias觀察性研究observationalstudy觀察一致率observationagreement廣義遺傳度broadheritability歸因危險(xiǎn)度attributablerisk歸因危險(xiǎn)度百分比attributableriskpercent,ARP,或AR%ICTV國際病毒分類委員會(huì)InternationalCommitteeonTaxonomyofVirusesICTV國際冠心病預(yù)防工作組TheInternationalTaskForceforPreventionofCoronaryHeartDisease國際疾病分類第十版InternationalClassificationofDiseases，ICD-10國家結(jié)核病防治項(xiàng)目NationalTuberculosisProgram，NTP國家衛(wèi)生統(tǒng)計(jì)中心theNationalCenterforHealthStatistics,NCHSH合作率cooperationrate核心家系Nuclearfamilies橫斷面研究crosssectionalanalysis橫斷面研究cross-sectionalstudy患病率prevalencerate回顧性研究retrospectivestudies回憶偏倚recallbias混合型流行mixedepidemic混合研究mixedstudy混雜confounding混雜偏倚confoundingbias混雜因素confounder,confoundingfactor活躍病區(qū)activeendemicarea獲得性免疫缺陷綜合癥acquiredimmunodeficiencysyndrome,AIDS霍桑效應(yīng)HowthorneeffectJ機(jī)遇chance基本繁殖率basicreproductionrate基本繁殖數(shù)basicreproductivenumber,R0基本人群basepopulationorpopulationatrisk基線信息baselineinformation基因gene基因毒性genotoxic基因型Genotyping基因型頻率genotypefrequency及時(shí)性timeliness疾病爆發(fā)diseaseoutbreak疾病標(biāo)志Markersofdisease疾病的分布distributionofdisease疾病的自然史naturalhistoryofdisease疾病監(jiān)測surveillanceofdisease疾病鏈thediseasechain劑量反應(yīng)關(guān)系dose—responserelationship季節(jié)性seasonalvariation,seasonality繼發(fā)關(guān)聯(lián)secondaryassociation家庭簇研究familyclusterstudy家庭聚集性Familialaggregation家庭聚集性研究familialaggregationstudy家庭相似性Familyresemblance家系研究pedigreestudy甲型肝炎hepatitisA，HA假陽性率falsepositiverate假陰性率falsenegativerate間接傳播indirecttransmission間接關(guān)聯(lián)indirectassociation間接接觸indirectcontact檢出癥侯偏倚detectionsignalbias簡單隨機(jī)分組simplerandomization簡明損傷定級(jí)法abbreviatedinjuryscale，AIS健康促進(jìn)healthpromotion健康工作者效應(yīng)healthyworkereffect健康監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)healthinformationsystem,HIS健康生命損失年yearsoflifelivedwithdisability,YLLD教育干預(yù)educationalintervention結(jié)局outcome結(jié)局變量outcomevariable截?cái)帱c(diǎn)cutoff金標(biāo)準(zhǔn)goldstandard經(jīng)濟(jì)干預(yù)economicintervention經(jīng)節(jié)肢動(dòng)物媒介vector-borne經(jīng)空氣air-borne經(jīng)食物food-borne經(jīng)飲水drinkingwater-borne經(jīng)載體vehicle-borne精確性precision聚合酶鏈?zhǔn)椒磻?yīng)polymerasechainreaction，PCR均衡性錯(cuò)分non-differentialmisclassification均數(shù)回歸趨勢regressiontothemeanK抗原漂移antigenicdrift抗原轉(zhuǎn)變antigenicshift克山病Keshandisease空間、時(shí)間集研究space-timeclusterstudy擴(kuò)大免疫計(jì)劃expandedprogramonimmunization,EPIL來源同一identitybydescent,IBD類試驗(yàn)，準(zhǔn)試驗(yàn)quasi-trial，quasi-experiment類推法methodofanalogy累積發(fā)病率cumulativeincidence罹患率attackrate禮貌偏倚politenessbias理論流行病學(xué)theoreticalepidemiology歷史性historical連鎖linkage連鎖不平衡linkagedisequilibrium連鎖分析Linkageanalysis連鎖平衡linkageequilibrium聯(lián)合無應(yīng)答偏倚combinednonrespondentbias聯(lián)系率contactrate臨床試驗(yàn)clinicaltrial靈敏度sensitivity領(lǐng)先時(shí)間偏倚l(wèi)eadtimebias流感病毒influenzavirus流行epidemic流行病模型epidemicmodel流行病學(xué)epidemiology流行病學(xué)監(jiān)測epidemiologicalsurveillance流行病學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)epidemiologicalexperiment流行過程epidemicprocess流行曲線epidemiccurve流行性出血熱epidemichemorrhagicfever,EHF流行性感冒Influenza流行性腎病nephropathiaepidemica,NE率rate率比rateratio率差ratedifference,RD輪狀模式wheelmodeM蔓延流行propagatedorprogressiveepidemic盲法blindnessNCEP美國國家膽固醇教育規(guī)劃NationalCholesterolEducationProgramNCEP描述流行病學(xué)descriptiveepidemiology描述性研究descriptivestudy目標(biāo)人群targetpopulationN內(nèi)暴露劑量InternalDose內(nèi)部有效性internalvalidity內(nèi)劑量internaldose內(nèi)劑量的測定internaldosemeters納入/排除偏倚inclusion/exclusionbias奈曼偏倚NeymanbiasP排除exclusions排除法methodofexclusion排除偏倚exclusivebias配對(duì)pairmatching“皮鞋”流行病學(xué)shoeleatherepidemiology匹配matching匹配變量matchingvariable匹配過頭overmatching匹配因素matchingfactors偏倚bias頻數(shù)匹配frequencymatching普查censusQ前瞻性prospective8前瞻性研究pro