1、外研版小學英語語法總復習知識點歸納一、時態(tài)1.一般現(xiàn)在時(1)表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作或事情，通常用 Usually通常，often常常，every每: sometimes 有時，always總是,” 等詞。(2)基本結構：主語 I / You / We / They /He / She / It肯定句：主語+動詞原形或動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式否定句：主語+ don ' t +動詞原形或者doesn' t +動原一般疑問句(Yes/No) Do ？ Yes, I do. No,I don' t.Does(動詞原形)？ Yes,he/she does. No,he/she does

2、n ' t.特殊疑問句 What do？ How does she(動詞原形)？(3)動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式(同名詞單數(shù)變成復數(shù)方法相同)1 . 一般情況 +s 如:walk-walks2 .輔音字母+y結尾 去y +ies fly-flies3 .結尾是 s, x, sh, ch +es watch-watches4 .結尾是 0 +es do-does, go-goes5 .特殊 have-has2 .現(xiàn)在進行時(1)表示正在發(fā)生的動作，通常用“ now現(xiàn)在，look看，linsen聽”.(2)基本形式：be +動詞-ingeg: I am(not) doing my homewor

3、k.You/We/They are(not) reading. He/She/It is(not) eating.What are you doing?Is he reading?(3)動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式(動詞+ing)一般情況 +ing walk walking結尾是不發(fā)音的 e -e + ing come coming 重讀閉音節(jié) 雙寫最后一個字母+ing swim-swimming run-running3 . 一般過去時(1)表示過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情，通常用last上一個； just now剛才，many years ago 許多年前，yesterday 昨天” 等詞。(2) be 動詞

4、的過去式:am/iswasare-were(3)過去式基本結構肯定句：主語+動詞過去式I went shopping last night.否定句：主語+ didn ' t +動詞原形I didn ' t go shopping last night.一般疑問句(Yes/No)Did +動詞原形？Did you go shopping last night?特殊疑問句(wh-) What did +動詞原形？What did you do last night?(4)動詞過去式的變化：規(guī)則動詞的變化：(1)一般動詞 +ed planted,watered,climbed(2)以

5、不發(fā)音的e結尾+d liked tied(3)輔音字母加 y 結尾-y+ iedstudy -studied, cry- cried(4)重讀閉音節(jié)單詞,末尾只有一個輔音字雙寫最后一個字母+edaplan - planned不規(guī)則動詞的變化：原形 過去式am /is wasdodideatateteach taughtgive gavesing sangcut cutlet letsee sawcome cametell toldcarry carried4.一般將來時stop - stopped原形過去式are werefind foundfeel felttake tookhave had

6、drive drovebegin beganring rangrun randraw drewlearn learntstudy studied一般將來時表示將來打算做的事或將要發(fā)生的事情Sunday等時間狀語連用。結構:be going to +動詞原形或 will +動詞原形例如：I' m going to visit my grandpa next week.原形過去式go wentbuy boughtdrink drankread readput putmeet metmake madewrite wroteride rodesit satget got常常與 tomorrow

7、, next、人稱代詞主格 Iweyouhesheitthey賓格 me usyouhimheritthem形容詞性物主代詞myouryour hisher its their名詞性物主代詞mineoursyours hishers its theris（注:介詞，動詞后面跟賓格。后面沒有名詞時用名詞性物主代詞。）三、可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)形式1 .一般名詞：+ s book - books2 .輔音字母力口 y 結尾：-y+ iesstorystories3 .以 s, x, sh, ch , 結尾:+ es glass glasses; a watch-watches以。結尾:1）有生命的 +es

8、potato-potatoes2）無生命的 +sphoto-photoes4 .以 f 或 fe 結尾：-f 或 fe 變?yōu)?ves knife knives; shelf-shelves5 .特殊的名詞復數(shù)：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice, child-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, 四、不可數(shù)名詞（沒有復數(shù)形式）bread, rice, water, j

9、uice , milk, tea, coffee五、縮略形式I' m = I am you' re = you are she' s = she is he' s = he is hasn' t = he has（got） it' s = it iswho' s =who is can=can not isn' t=is not didn ' t=did notweren' t=were notwasn' t=was not let ' s=let usI' ll=I will六、a. an

10、 .the的用法1 .單詞的第一讀音是輔音讀音：a book, a peach , a U”單詞的第一個讀音是元音讀音 :an egg, an hour, an F”2 .the要注意的：球類前面不加the , play football樂器前面要加the, play the piano序數(shù)詞前面要加the, the second七、介詞1 .表示方位:on, in ,in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at, behind. , under2 .表示時間：(1)at :幾點前面用at如:at six o' clock,沒有day的

11、節(jié)日前用at如:at Christmas, 固定詞組 at the weekends , at night(2)on:用于星期，日期，某一天的上午、下午、晚上(指具體的某一天時)on Sunday在星期天 on Sunday morning 在星期天的上午 on March 8 在3月8日；帶有Day的節(jié)日前用on如：on National Day(3)in:早晨，中午，晚上前用 in:in the morning , in the afternoon , in the evening , 月份前用 in , 如in December ;季節(jié)前用 in , 如 winter;年份前用 in,

12、如 in 1999八、基數(shù)詞變成序數(shù)詞的方法1.直接在基數(shù)詞詞尾加上 th。如:seventh第七，tenth第十，thirteenth 第十三， 2.以y結尾的基數(shù)詞，變y為i,再加上etho如:twentieth第二十。3 .不規(guī)則的。如：first 第一，second 第二，third 第三，fifth 第五，eighth 第 八，ninth 第九，twelfth 第十二。4 .有兩個或以上單詞組成的基數(shù)詞只改最后一個單詞如twenty-first第二H一。九、some /any的用法1 .肯定句中用 some:I have some toys in my bedroom.2 .問旬和否

13、定旬中用 any:Do you have any brothers or sisters?He hasn' t got any pencils in his pencil-case.3 .詢問想要什么時用 some:Would you like some juice?Can I have some stamps?十、 there be結構1 .肯定句（有）:There is +單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞There are + 復數(shù)注:遵循就近原則，看靠there be最近的2 .一般疑問句（有嗎,）:Is there ？ Yes, there is./ No, there isn ' t

14、.Are there ? Yes, there are. /No, there aren ' t.3 .否定句（沒有）：There isn' t There aren' t.4 .there be句型與have（has）的區(qū)別:there be表示在某地有某物（或人）;have（has） 表示某人擁有某物。H一、祈使句Sit down please.Don ' t open the door, please.Let' s go to the park.（注:祈使句中動詞用原形）十二、（情態(tài)）動詞can, may, must, should, will后面

15、直接用動詞原形。1. I / He / She / They can sing.May I come in?I must go now.2. You should be quiet in the library. 3. You ' ll be good friends.十四、特殊疑問句1 .What什么（問什么事,什么物或什么工作等）What are you doing, I ' m reading.What did you do yesterday? I played basketball.What are you going to do? I ' m going t

16、o do homework.What is that?It' s a book.What does he/she do? She' s a nurse.What time is it? It' s seven.2 . What colour 問顏色What colour is your coat? It ' s red.3 .when什么時候When do you get up? I get up at six thirty.When is your birthday? It ' s on the 21st of December.4 .Which 哪一

17、個Which is your watch, the yellow one or the white one?The yellow is mine.5 .Who 誰Who is the man with a big nose? He ' s my uncle.6 .Whose 誰的Whose bag is it? It' s his bag.7 .Where 哪里Where is my pen? It ' s under the book.8 .Why為什么Why do you like summer? Because 9 .How many 多少How many boo

18、ks are there in the school bag?There are four books in the school bag.10 . How old 幾歲How old is the young man? He ' s nineteen.11 .How much 多少錢How much is the toy bear? It ' s eleven yuan .12 .How 怎么樣(How long/ big/tall ?)How do you go to school everyday? I go to school by car.How long is the river? It ' s 10 miles long.十五.已經(jīng)學過的動詞sayhelpknowlostlivereadruntakelistentalkseedrawju