考研英語（二）閱讀理解專項訓(xùn)練試卷真題解析考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______模擬試卷第一部分閱讀理解閱讀下面的文章，完成第1至5題。Theriseofthedigitaleconomyhasbroughtaboutprofoundchangesinthewaywework,learn,andinteractwithoneanother.Whileofferingnumerousbenefits,suchasincreasedconvenienceandefficiency,ithasalsoraisedconcernsaboutthepotentialnegativeimpactonemployment,privacy,andsocialcohesion.Thisarticleexploressomeofthekeychallengesandopportunitiespresentedbythedigitalrevolutionandconsidershowwecanharnessitspowerforthebettermentofsociety.Oneofthemostsignificantchallengesistheimpactonthelabormarket.Automationandartificialintelligence(AI)areincreasinglycapableofperformingtasksthatweretraditionallydonebyhumans.Whilethiscanleadtothecreationofnewjobsinfieldslikeroboticsanddataanalysis,italsothreatenstodisplaceworkersinindustriessuchasmanufacturingandtransportation.Thisshiftrequiresaconcertedefforttoretrainandupskilltheworkforce,ensuringthatindividualsareequippedwiththeskillsneededtothriveinthedigitalage.Anotherconcernistheissueofprivacyandsecurity.Asmoreofourpersonalinformationisstoredandtransmittedonline,theriskofdatabreachesandidentitytheftincreases.Governmentsandcorporationsmustworktogethertodeveloprobustcybersecuritymeasuresandtoestablishclearguidelinesforthecollectionanduseofpersonaldata.Additionally,digitalliteracyprogramscanhelpindividualsbetterunderstandtherisksassociatedwithonlineactivitiesandhowtoprotectthemselves.Thedigitaleconomyalsopresentsopportunitiesforgreaterconnectivityandcollaboration.Onlineplatformsandsocialmediahavemadeiteasierthanevertoconnectwithpeoplefromaroundtheworld,fosteringcross-culturalunderstandingandcollaboration.Education,forinstance,hasbeentransformedbyonlinelearningplatforms,whichprovideaccesstohigh-qualityeducationalresourcesforstudentsinremoteorunderservedareas.Thisdemocratizationofknowledgehasthepotentialtobridgeeducationalgapsandcreateamoreequitablesociety.However,thedigitalrevolutionalsoexacerbatesexistingsocialinequalities.Accesstodigitaltechnologiesisnotuniformacrosssociety,andthosewhoareunabletoaccessthesetechnologiesareatriskofbeingleftbehind.Thisdigitaldividecanexacerbateexistingeconomicandsocialdisparities,creatingatwo-tieredsocietywherethedigitallyconnectedenjoygreateropportunitiesandadvantages.Addressingthisissuerequirestargetedpoliciesandinitiativestoensurethateveryonehasaccesstothedigitalinfrastructureandskillsneededtoparticipatefullyinthedigitaleconomy.Inconclusion,thedigitalrevolutionisreshapingourworldinprofoundways.Whileitoffersnumerousopportunitiesforinnovationandprogress,italsopresentssignificantchallengesthatmustbeaddressed.Byinvestingineducation,infrastructure,andcybersecurity,andbyfosteringacultureofdigitalinclusion,wecanharnessthepowerofthedigitaleconomytocreateamoreprosperousandequitablefutureforall.1.Whatisthemaintopicofthearticle?2.Accordingtothearticle,whatarethepotentialbenefitsofthedigitaleconomy?3.Theword"concerted"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:(A)solo(B)coordinated(C)complex(D)optional4.Whatdoesthearticlesuggestasasolutiontotheproblemofthedigitaldivide?5.Basedonthearticle,whatistheauthor'soverallattitudetowardsthedigitaleconomy?第二部分閱讀理解閱讀下面的文章，完成第6至10題。Inrecentyears,therehasbeenagrowinginterestinsustainableagriculture,drivenbyconcernsabouttheenvironmentalimpactofconventionalfarmingmethodsandtheneedtoensurefoodsecurityforagrowingglobalpopulation.Sustainableagriculturefocusesonpracticesthatminimizetheuseofsyntheticinputs,suchasfertilizersandpesticides,andinsteadrelyonnaturalprocessesandresources.Thisapproachhasthepotentialtocreateamoreresilientandsustainablefoodsystem.Oneofthekeyprinciplesofsustainableagricultureistheconservationofsoilhealth.Healthysoilisessentialforproductiveagriculture,asitprovidesnutrientsforplants,supportsadiverseecosystem,andhelpstomitigateclimatechangebysequesteringcarbon.Practicessuchascroprotation,covercropping,andreducedtillagecanimprovesoilstructure,increaseorganicmatter,andenhanceitsabilitytoretainwater.Thesepracticesalsohelptoreducetheneedforsyntheticfertilizers,whichcanhavenegativeenvironmentalimpactswhenoverused.Anotherimportantprincipleistheintegrationofbiodiversity.Sustainableagricultureseekstocreatediverseagriculturalecosystemsthatcansupportavarietyofplantsandanimals,includingbeneficialinsectsandmicrobes.Thisdiversitycanhelptocontrolpestsanddiseasesnaturally,reducetheneedforchemicalpesticides,andimproveoverallecosystemresilience.Forexample,plantinghedgerowsandmaintainingpatchesofnaturalhabitatonfarmlandcanprovidehabitatsforbeneficialspeciesandpromoteecologicalbalance.Watermanagementisalsocrucialforsustainableagriculture.Agricultureisamajorconsumeroffreshwaterresources,andconventionalfarmingmethodscanleadtowaterpollutionthroughtherunoffoffertilizersandpesticides.Sustainableagriculturepractices,suchasdripirrigationandrainwaterharvesting,canhelptoconservewaterandreducepollution.Additionally,usingdrought-resistantcropvarietiescanhelpfarmersadapttochangingclimateconditionsandreducetheirrelianceonwater-intensivefarmingpractices.Theeconomicviabilityofsustainableagricultureisanotherimportantconsideration.Whiletheinitialcostsoftransitioningtosustainablepracticescanbehigher,therearenumerouspotentialbenefitsinthelongrun.Theseincludereducedinputcosts,suchasfertilizersandpesticides,increasedsoilproductivity,andhighercropyieldsinsomecases.Additionally,sustainableagriculturecanimprovethequalityandvalueofagriculturalproducts,leadingtohigherpricesandgreaterconsumerdemand.However,achievingeconomicviabilityrequiressupportfromgovernmentpolicies,suchassubsidiesandincentives,tohelpfarmerscovertheinitialcostsoftransition.Inconclusion,sustainableagricultureoffersapromisingapproachtocreatingamoreenvironmentallysoundandfood-securefuture.Byfocusingonsoilhealth,biodiversity,watermanagement,andeconomicviability,sustainableagriculturecanhelptomitigatethenegativeimpactsofconventionalfarmingmethodsandcreateamoreresilientandsustainablefoodsystem.Astheglobalpopulationcontinuestogrowandclimatechangeposesincreasinglyseriouschallenges,thetransitiontosustainableagriculturewillbeessentialforensuringahealthyandsecurefoodsupplyforfuturegenerations.6.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthearticle?7.Accordingtothearticle,howdoessustainableagriculturebenefittheenvironment?8.Theword"mitigate"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:(A)worsen(B)address(C)enhance(D)ignore9.Whatistheauthorsuggestingabouttheeconomicaspectsofsustainableagriculture?10.Basedonthearticle,whatisthemostsignificantchallengefacingtheadoptionofsustainableagriculture?第三部分閱讀理解閱讀下面的文章，完成第11至15題。Theconceptof"glocalization"hasgainedincreasingtractioninrecentyearsasbusinessesandculturalorganizationsstrivetobalancethebenefitsofglobalizationwiththeneedtoremainrelevantandsensitivetolocalcontexts.Glocalization,aportmanteauof"globalization"and"localization,"referstotheadaptationofglobalproducts,services,ormessagestosuitthespecificneedsandpreferencesoflocalmarkets.Thisapproachrecognizesthatwhileglobalizationcanfostereconomicgrowthandculturalexchange,italsoriskscreatinghomogenizedculturesandoverlookinglocaldiversity.Oneofthekeyargumentsinfavorofglocalizationisthatitallowsbusinessestoexpandtheirreachwhilestillcateringtolocaltastesandtraditions.Forexample,aglobalfast-foodchainmightofferregion-specificmenuitems,suchasrice-baseddishesinAsiaorspicydishesinLatinAmerica,toappealtolocalcustomers.Similarly,atechnologycompanymightdesignitsproductstobecompatiblewithlocalinfrastructureortoaddressspecificculturalneeds.Bydoingso,companiescantapintonewmarketsandbuildstrongercustomerrelationships.Glocalizationalsohasimportantimplicationsforculturalexchangeandpreservation.Whileglobalizationcanleadtothespreadofdominantcultures,glocalizationcanhelptoensurethatlocalculturesarenotlostintheprocess.Byadaptingglobalproductsandmessagestolocalcontexts,glocalizationcanhelptopromoteculturaldiversityandfostercross-culturalunderstanding.Forinstance,aglobalfilmdistributioncompanymightreleaseaforeignfilmwithsubtitlesordubbingtomakeitaccessibletolocalaudiences,therebyintroducingthemtodifferentculturesandperspectives.However,glocalizationisnotwithoutitschallenges.Oneofthemaindifficultiesisdetermininghowmuchtoadaptglobalproductsormessagestolocalcontexts.Over-adaptationcanleadtoadilutionofthebrand'sglobalidentity,whileunder-adaptationcanresultinproductsthatfailtoresonatewithlocalcustomers.Findingtherightbalancerequiresadeepunderstandingoflocalculturesandconsumerpreferences,aswellastheabilitytomakeinformeddecisionsaboutwheretodrawthelinebetweenglobalandlocalinfluences.Anotherchallengeisthepotentialforglocalizationtoreinforceexistingpowerimbalances.Globalcorporationsoftenhavemoreresourcesandinfluencethanlocalbusinesses,andthiscanleadtoasituationwherelocalculturesareprimarilyadaptedtosuittheneedsofglobalbrandsratherthandevelopingorganically.Thiscancreateahierarchywhereglobalcultureisseenassuperiorandlocalcultureisseenasinferior.Toaddressthisissue,itisimportantforbusinessesandculturalorganizationstoengageingenuinecollaborationwithlocalcommunitiesandtoprioritizetheneedsandperspectivesoflocalstakeholders.Inconclusion,glocalizationisacomplexandmultifacetedphenomenonthatreflectstheincreasingrecognitionthatglobalizationdoesnotnecessarilymeanculturalhomogenization.Byadaptingglobalproducts,services,andmessagestolocalcontexts,businessesandculturalorganizationscanexpandtheirreach,promoteculturaldiversity,andfostercross-culturalunderstanding.However,findingtherightbalancebetweenglobalandlocalinfluencesandensuringthatlocalcommunitiesarenotmerelypassiverecipientsofglobalculturearecrucialchallengesthatmustbeaddressedtomakeglocalizationatrulybeneficialphenomenon.11.Whatisthemainideaofthearticle?12.Accordingtothearticle,whatarethebenefitsofglocalizationforbusinesses?13.Theword"traction"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:(A)resistance(B)popularity(C)decline(D)criticism14.Whatistheauthorsuggestingabouttherelationshipbetweenglobalizationandlocalculture?15.Basedonthearticle,whatisthemostimportantfactorforsuccessfulglocalization?第四部分閱讀理解閱讀下面的文章，完成第16至20題。Theriseofsocialmediahasfundamentallychangedthewaywecommunicate,shareinformation,andformrelationships.Whilesocialmediaplatformshavebroughtpeopletogetherandfacilitatedtherapidspreadofinformation,theyhavealsoraisedconcernsabouttheimpactonmentalhealth,privacy,andsocialinteractions.Thisarticleexaminessomeofthepotentialnegativeconsequencesofsocialmediauseandexploresstrategiesformitigatingtheserisks.Oneofthemostsignificantconcernsistheimpactonmentalhealth.Studieshaveshownthatexcessivesocialmediauseisassociatedwithincreasedlevelsofanxiety,depression,andloneliness.Thisispartlybecausesocialmediaoftenpromotesacultureofcomparison,whereusersareconstantlyexposedtoidealizedversionsofotherpeople'slives.Seeingothersseeminglyhappyandsuccessfulcanleadtofeelingsofinadequacyandlowself-esteem.Additionally,thepressuretopresentaperfectonlinepersonacanbestressfulandleadtoanxiety.Anotherissueisthepotentialforsocialmediatounderminereal-worldsocialinteractions.Whilesocialmediacanfacilitatecommunicationandconnection,itcannotfullyreplaceface-to-faceinteractions.Overrelianceonsocialmediacanleadtoadeclineinsocialskillsandareducedabilitytoformdeep,meaningfulrelationships.Furthermore,theconstantnotificationsanddistractionsfromsocialmediacaninterferewithconcentrationandproductivity,makingitdifficulttoengagefullyinofflineactivities.Privacyisalsoamajorconcernintheageofsocialmedia.Socialmediaplatformscollectvastamountsofpersonaldatafromusers,whichcanbeusedfortargetedadvertisingorevensoldtothirdparties.Thisraisesconcernsaboutthesecurityofpersonalinformationandthepotentialformisuse.Additionally,thepermanenceofonlinecontentmeansthatusersmaybeunabletocontrolthedistributionoruseoftheirinformationevenaftertheyhavedeletedit.Thiscanhaveseriousconsequencesforindividuals,particularlyregardingjobapplications,relationships,andreputationmanagement.Despitetheseconcerns,socialmediaisnotinherentlyharmful.Itcanbeapowerfultoolforconnection,informationsharing,andsocialactivism.Thekeyistousesocialmediaresponsiblyandinmoderation.Strategiesformitigatingthenegativeconsequencesofsocialmediauseincludesettinglimitsonscreentime,beingmindfulofthecontentconsumedandshared,andbeingcriticaloftheinformationencounteredonline.Additionally,socialmediaplatformscanplayaroleinpromotingdigitalliteracyandresponsibleonlinebehaviorbyprovidingresourcesandtoolstohelpusersprotecttheirprivacyandmentalhealth.Inconclusion,socialmediahashadaprofoundimpactonourlives,bringingbothbenefitsandchallenges.Whileitcanfacilitateconnectionandinformationsharing,italsoposesriskstomentalhealth,privacy,andreal-worldsocialinteractions.Byusingsocialmediaresponsiblyandbeingawareofitspotentialnegativeconsequences,wecanharnessitspowerforpositivepurposeswhilemitigatingitsrisks.16.Whatisthemaintopicofthearticle?17.Accordingtothearticle,whatisoneofthenegativeeffectsofsocialmediaonmentalhealth?18.Theword"mitigating"inthefourthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:(A)exacerbating(B)minimizing(C)enhancing(D)ignoring19.Whatdoesthearticlesuggestasawayforsocialmediaplatformstoaddressprivacyconcerns?20.Basedonthearticle,whatistheauthor'smainrecommendationforsocialmediausers?試卷答案第一部分閱讀理解1.Themaintopicofthearticleistheimpactofthedigitalrevolutiononvariousaspectsofsociety,includingwork,learning,andsocialinteractions,andthechallengesandopportunitiesitpresents.2.Accordingtothearticle,thepotentialbenefitsofthedigitaleconomyincludeincreasedconvenience,efficiency,greaterconnectivity,andcollaboration,aswellasaccesstonewmarketsandeducationalresources.3.Theword"concerted"isclosestinmeaningto"coordinated"(B).Thecontextdiscussestheneedforacoordinatedefforttoretrainandupskilltheworkforce.4.Thearticlesuggeststhataddressingthedigitaldividerequirestargetedpoliciesandinitiativestoensurethateveryonehasaccesstothedigitalinfrastructureandskillsneededtoparticipatefullyinthedigitaleconomy.5.Basedonthearticle,theauthor'soverallattitudetowardsthedigitaleconomyisoneofcautiousoptimism.Theauthoracknowledgesboththebenefitsandchallengesofthedigitalrevolutionandemphasizestheneedtoaddressthenegativeimpactswhileharnessingitspowerforthebettermentofsociety.第二部分閱讀理解6.Theprimarypurposeofthearticleistoinformreadersabouttheprinciplesandbenefitsofsustainableagricultureandtoargueforitsadoptionasamoreenvironmentallysoundandfood-secureapproach.7.Accordingtothearticle,sustainableagriculturebenefitstheenvironmentbyconservingsoilhealth,integratingbiodiversity,andimprovingwatermanagement.Thesepracticesreducetheneedforsyntheticinputs,minimizepollution,andenhanceecosystemresilience.8.Theword"mitigate"isclosestinmeaningto"address"(B).Thecontextdiscusseshowsustainableagriculturepracticescanhelptoaddressthenegativeimpactsofconventionalfarmingmethodsontheenvironment.9.Theauthorsuggeststhatwhiletheinitialcostsoftransitioningtosustainableagriculturecanbehigher,therearenumerouspotentiallong-termeconomicbenefits,suchasreducedinputcosts,increasedsoilproductivity,andhigherproductquality.However,achievingeconomicviabilityrequiressupportfromgovernmentpolicies.10.Basedonthearticle,themostsignificantchallengefacingtheadoptionofsustainableagricultureistheeconomicaspect,specificallytheinitialcostsoftransitionandtheneedforeconomicviability,whichrequiressupportfromgovernmentpoliciesandmarketdemand.第三部分閱讀理解11.Themainideaofthearticleisthatglocalizationisabalancingactbetweenglobalizationandlocalization,allowingbusinessesandculturalorganizationstoexpandtheirreachwhileremainingsensitivetolocalcontextsandfosteringculturaldiversity.12.Accordingtothearticle,thebenefitsofglocalizationforbusinessesincludeexpandingtheirreach,cateringtolocaltastesandtraditions,tappingintonewmarkets,andbuildingstrongercustomerrelationshipsby