2024年考研英語(yǔ)二真題答案以及解析

信任許多即將參與考研的小伙伴，對(duì)考研英語(yǔ)二題型匕鍛疑問(wèn)，不知道有哪些。為了便利大

家學(xué)習(xí)借鑒，下面我細(xì)心打算了2024年考研英語(yǔ)二真題答案以及解析內(nèi)容，歡迎運(yùn)用學(xué)習(xí)！

2024年考研英語(yǔ)二真題答案以及解析

SectionIUseofEnglish

Here,sacommonscenariothatanynumberofentrepreneursfacetoday:you're

theCEOofasmallbusinessandthoughyou'remakinganice1,youneedtofind

awaytotakeittothenextlevel,whatyouneedtodois2growthbyestablishinga

growthteam.Agrowthteamismadeupofmembersfromdifferentdepartmentswithin

yourcompany,anditharnessesthepowerofcollaborationtofocus3onfindingways

togrow.

Let'slookatareal-world4.Priortoformingagrowthteam,thesoftware

companyBitTorrenthad50employees.Workinginthe5departmentsofengineering,

marketingandproductdevelopment.Thisbroughtthemgoodresultsuntil2024,when

theirgrowthplateaued.The6wasthattoomanycustomerswereusingthebasic,free

versionoftheirproduct.And7improvementstothepremium,paidversion,fewpeople

weremakingtheupgrade.

Thingschanged,8,whenaninnovativeprojectmarketingmanagercameaboard,9

agrowthteamandsparkedthekindof10perspectivetheyneeded.Bylookingat

engineeringissuesfromamarketingpointofview,itbecameclearthatthe11of

upgradeswasn&*39;tduetoaqualityissue.Mostcustomersweresimplyunawareof

thepremiumversionandwhatitoffered.

Armedwiththis12,themarketingandengineeringteamsjoinedforcestoraise

awarenessbyprominently13thepremiumversiontousersofthefreeversion.14,

upgradesskyrocketed,andrevenueincreasedby92percent.

Butinorderforyourgrowth,teamtosucceed,itneedstoahaveastrongleader.It

needssomeonewhocan15theinterdisciplinaryteamandkeepthemoncoursefor

improvement.

Thisleaderwill16thetargetarea,setcleargoalsandestablishatimeframeforthe

17ofthesegoals.Thisgrowthleaderisalso18forkeepingtheteamfocusonmoving

forwardandsteerthemclearofdistractions.19attractive,newideascanbedistracting,

theteamleadermustrecognizewhentheseideasdon't20thecurrentgoalandneed

tobeputonthebackburner.

l.A.purchaseB.profitC.connectionD.bet

2.A.defineB.predictC.prioritizeD.appreciate

3.A.exclusivelyB.temporarilyC.potentiallyD.initially

4.A.experimentB.proposalC.debateD.example

S.A.identicalB.marginalC.provisionalD.traditional

6ArumorB.secretC.mythD.problem

7.A.despiteB.unlikeC.throughD.besides

8.A.moreoverB.howeverC.thereforeD.again

9.A.inspectedB.createdC.expandedD.reformed

lO.A.culturalB.objectiveC.freshD.personal

ll.A.endB.burdenC.lackD.decrease

12.A.policyB.suggestionC.purposeD.insight

13.A.contributingB.allocatingC.promotingD.transferring

14.A.AsaresultB.AtanyrateC.BythewayD.Inasense

15.A.uniteB.financeC.followD.choose

16.A.shareB.identifyC.divideD.broaden

17.A.announcementB.assessmentC.adjustmentD.accomplishment

18.A.famousB.responsibleC.availableD.respectable

19.A.BeforeB.OnceC.WhileD.Unless

20.A.serveB.limitC.summarizeD.alter

[1]B.profit原文提到"小公司的CEO也掙到了大錢"。makeaniceprofit意為"掙

得可觀的利潤(rùn)"，故選profit,

[2]C.prioritize原文提到"所須要做的是通過(guò)建立一個(gè)發(fā)展小組來(lái)優(yōu)先促進(jìn)增長(zhǎng)"。此

處強(qiáng)調(diào)“優(yōu)先性"，故選prioritize。

[3]A.exclusively原文提到"利用合作的力氣來(lái)專注于特地找尋增長(zhǎng)的方法”。

exclusively表示"獨(dú)占地，特地地"，符合題意。

[4]D.example原文提到"來(lái)看一個(gè)現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的例子"，此處通過(guò)舉例子來(lái)例證上文

的雙點(diǎn)，故選example.

[5]D.traditional原文提到"50名雇員在工程、市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷與產(chǎn)品研發(fā)等傳統(tǒng)部門工作"。

traditional表示"傳統(tǒng)的"，符合題意。

[6]D.problem原文提到"問(wèn)題是太多的顧客可以免費(fèi)運(yùn)用其產(chǎn)品的基礎(chǔ)免費(fèi)版本"。

上文指出最起先卓有成就，但后來(lái)陷入了瓶頸期，所以，此處應(yīng)連接具有產(chǎn)生什么樣的問(wèn)題。故

選

problemo

[7]A.despite原文提到"雖然對(duì)于付費(fèi)版本做出了肯定的改善，但是幾乎沒(méi)有人進(jìn)行升

級(jí)"。此處前后形成讓步-轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯，故選despite.

[8]B.however原文提到"但是自從一位創(chuàng)新的海外經(jīng)理人的到來(lái)使得事情發(fā)生了變

更"。此處考查上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，上文指出改善沒(méi)有得到公眾的買賬，而海外人才的引入?yún)s變

更了這一些，所以，此處應(yīng)填入轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯詞,故選however.

[9]B.created原文提到"這名經(jīng)理人創(chuàng)建了發(fā)展團(tuán)隊(duì)"。此處與首段establisha

形成語(yǔ)義復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選

growthteamcreated0

[10]C.fresh原文提到”引發(fā)了一個(gè)他們所須要白轆新視角"。創(chuàng)新人才的加入勢(shì)必會(huì)

給團(tuán)隊(duì)帶來(lái)簇新血液。此處與本段innovative形成語(yǔ)義復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選fresh。

[111C.lack原文提到"缺少升級(jí)的緣由并不是由質(zhì)量問(wèn)題多導(dǎo)致，而是大部分消費(fèi)者沒(méi)

有這方面的意識(shí)"。上文提到很少有消費(fèi)者進(jìn)行升級(jí)，所以產(chǎn)品缺少升級(jí)，故選lack。

[12]D.insight原文提到“具備這種洞察力，市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷和工程部門加入到了團(tuán)隊(duì)之中"。

此處與上文freshperspective形成語(yǔ)義復(fù)現(xiàn)，簇新的看法預(yù)示著對(duì)事情有了更獨(dú)到的見(jiàn)解，故

選

insighto

[13]C.promoting原文提到"將免費(fèi)版本升級(jí)成優(yōu)質(zhì)版本"。此處與后文upgrade形

成語(yǔ)義復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選promoting。

[14]A.Asaresult原文提到"因此，升級(jí)量激增”.此處考查句間的邏輯關(guān)系，由于版

本變得更加優(yōu)質(zhì)，所以選擇升級(jí)的人數(shù)數(shù)量在增加，因此應(yīng)填入因果邏輯詞，故選

asaresulto

[15]A.unite原文提到"須要一個(gè)人來(lái)聯(lián)合來(lái)自跨學(xué)科的組別"。上文leader一詞提示,

員工之間須要團(tuán)結(jié)才能勝利。unite意為“聯(lián)合"，符合題意。

[16]B.identify原文提到"領(lǐng)導(dǎo)須要確定目標(biāo)區(qū)域”。下文指出設(shè)立目標(biāo)，所以在設(shè)立

目標(biāo)之前應(yīng)確定目標(biāo)區(qū)域，故選identify。

[17]D.accomplishment原文提到"建立時(shí)間框架賴完成這些目標(biāo)"。上文提到設(shè)立目

標(biāo)，所以此處應(yīng)表示實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)，故選accomplishment。

[18]B.responsible原文提到"領(lǐng)導(dǎo)須要負(fù)責(zé)去帶領(lǐng)整個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)一起前進(jìn)"，be

responsiblefor意為"對(duì)......負(fù)責(zé)"，符合題意。

[19]C.while原文提到“雖然很有吸引力，但是新的想法會(huì)讓人分lY。此處體現(xiàn)句間

的讓步-轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯關(guān)系，故選while。

[20]A.serve原文混到"一些想法不能服務(wù)目前的目標(biāo)，并且須要短暫擱置"。即想法

和目標(biāo)無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)協(xié)調(diào)統(tǒng)一,所以須要暫停，故選serve.

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Text1

21.TheRHSthinksthatplasticgrass

A.isharmfultotheenvironment

B.isahottopicingardeningcircles

C.isoverpraisedintheannualshow

D.isruiningtheviev/ofWestLondon

[21]A.isharmfultotheenvironment解析:該題為細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題，問(wèn)RHS對(duì)于plastic

grass塑料草的看法。通過(guò)RHS和plasticgrass定位，鎖定句子"TheRoyalHorticultural

Society(RHS),whichrurstheannualshowinwestLondon,saysithasintroducedthe

banbecauseofthedamageplasticgrassdoestotheenvironmentandbiodiversity//

核心句意"由于塑料草對(duì)環(huán)境和生物多樣性造成的破壞，RHS出臺(tái)了這項(xiàng)禁令。"文章中

becauseofthedamageplasticgrassdoestotheenvironmentandbiodiversity.對(duì)應(yīng)A選

項(xiàng)isharmfultotheenvironment,,damage和harmful為同義改寫。

22.ThepetitionsmentionedinParagraph3revealedthecampaigners*

A.disappointmentwiththeRHS

B.resistancetofakegrassuse

C.angerovertheproposedtax

D.concernaboutrealgrasssupply

[22]B.resistancetofakegrassuse解析：該題為細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題，通過(guò)題干petitions（請(qǐng)

愿書）和campaigners（運(yùn)動(dòng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者）進(jìn)行定位。通過(guò)campaigners所在句子"TheRHS's

decisioncomesascampaignerstrytoraiseawarenessoftheproblemsfakegrass

causes."得知,campaigners試圖提高人們對(duì)假草造成的問(wèn)題的相識(shí)。下文petitions所在句

子，具體說(shuō)明提升對(duì)假草問(wèn)題的詳細(xì)方式：Itistryingtoencouragepeopletosigntwo

petitions,onecallingforabanonthesaleofplasticgrassandanothercallingforan

"ecologicaldamage"taxonsuchlawns.即“呼吁禁止銷售塑料草，和呼吁對(duì)此類草坪征

收"生態(tài)破壞"稅"。只有B選項(xiàng)resistancetofakegrassuse（對(duì)假草運(yùn)用的抵制），對(duì)定位

句進(jìn)行了同義改寫。

23.InParagraph4,supportersoffakegrasspointout

A.thenecessitytolowerthecostsoffakegrass

B.thedisadvantagesofgrowingrealgrass

C.thewaytotakecareofartificiallawns

D.thechallengesofinsecthabitatprotection

[23]B.thedisadvantagesofgrowingrealgrass解析：該題為細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題，問(wèn)假草支

持者的觀點(diǎn)看法。通過(guò)第4段內(nèi)容可概括出”自然草坪也會(huì)對(duì)環(huán)境造成影響，并且真正的草須

要大量的水、除草劑或其他處理。"只有B選項(xiàng)thedisadvantagesofgrowingrealgrass（種

植真草的缺點(diǎn)），是對(duì)文章的同義概括。

24.Whatwouldthegovernmentdowithregardtoartificialgrass?

A.Urgelegislationtorestrictitsuse

B.Takemeasurestoguaranteeitsquality

C.Reminditsuserstoobeyexistingrules.

D.Replaceitwithsustainablealternatives.

[24]C.Reminditsuserstoobeyexistingrules.解析:該題為細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題，問(wèn)"政府

會(huì)如何處理人造草?"通過(guò)government和artificialgrass定位，從文章中得知"政府沒(méi)有安

排禁止運(yùn)用人造草，并且人工草地的運(yùn)用必需遵守現(xiàn)有的法律和政策保障措施。文章中的

complywiththelegalandpolicy（遵遵守法律律和政策）與B選項(xiàng)Reminditsuserstoobey

existingrules.（提示用戶遵守現(xiàn)有規(guī)則。）是同義改寫。

25.Itcanbelearnedfromthetextthatfakegrass

A.isbeingimprovedcontinuously

B.hasseenamarketsharedecline

C.isbecomingincreasingaffordable

D.hasbeenacontroversialproduct

[25]D.hasbeenacontroversialproduct.解析：該題為主旨題，問(wèn)通過(guò)文章可以得出

什么關(guān)為用草的結(jié)論。本題考查對(duì)文章主旨和段落大意的把握。文章闡述了RHS,假草支持

者，和政府對(duì)于假草的不同看法，其中RHS禁止假草的運(yùn)用，而政府表明沒(méi)有禁止安排。各方

觀點(diǎn)明確并闡述了理由。因?yàn)槲恼率菄@fakegrass綻開爭(zhēng)議,因?yàn)榇鸢甘荄,是"有爭(zhēng)議性

的產(chǎn)品"。

Text2

26.WhatproblemareUSnationalparksfacedwith?

A.Declineofbusinessprofits.

B.Inadequatecommercialization.

C.Lackoftransportationservices.

D.Poorlymaintainedinfrastructure.

[26]DPoorlymaintainedinfrastructure.解析：該題為細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題，問(wèn)美國(guó)國(guó)家公園

面臨著什么問(wèn)題，依據(jù)problem,USnationalparks回至嫄文定位，文中提到："美國(guó)國(guó)家公

園正處于危機(jī)之中。他們總共有超過(guò)120億美元的維護(hù)費(fèi)麻只壓下來(lái)沒(méi)有撥款。"(U.S.national

parksareincrisis.Collecively,theyhaveamaintenancebacklogofmorethanbillion.)

所以美國(guó)國(guó)家公園面臨著維護(hù)缺錢的問(wèn)題，即撤出設(shè)施維護(hù)不良。

27.1ncreasedprivatizationofthecampgroundsmay.

A.spoilvisitorexperienceB.helppreservenature

C.bringoperationalpressureD.boostvisitstoparks

[27]A.spoilvisitorexperience解析：該題為細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題，問(wèn)增加露營(yíng)地的私有化可

能會(huì)如何，依據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞privatization,thecampgrounds回到原文定位，文中提到："增力口

私有化確定會(huì)減弱每年3億游客來(lái)公園的主要緣由之一:享受自然，從沉沒(méi)日常生活的商業(yè)鼓聲

中得至喘息。"(increasedprivatizationwouldcertainlyundercutoneofthemajor

reasonswhy300millionvisitorscometotheparkseachyear:toenjoynatureandgeta

respitefromthecommercialdrumbeatthatoverwhelmsdailylife.)所以增加露營(yíng)地的私有

化可能會(huì)讓游客仍舊受到商業(yè)的影響，不能更好地享受自然，即破壞游客體驗(yàn)。

28.AccordingtoParagraph5,mostrespondentsinthesurveywould

A.gotothenationalparksonaregularbasis.

B.advocateabiggerbudgetforthenationalparks.

C.agreetopayextraforthenationalparks.

D.supportthenationalparks,recentreforms.

[28]C.agreetopayextraforthenationalparks.解析：該題為細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題，問(wèn)調(diào)查

中的大多數(shù)受訪者會(huì)如何，依據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞respondents,thesurvey回到原文定位，文中提到：

"約81%的受訪者表示，他們情愿在將來(lái)10年繳納額外的稅款，以避開任何削減國(guó)家公園的開

支。"(Some81%ofrespondentssaidtheywouldbewillingtopayadditionaltaxesfor

thenext10yearstoavoidanycutstothenationalparks.)所以調(diào)查中的大多數(shù)受訪者會(huì)情

愿額外繳納稅款，即同意為國(guó)家公園支付額外的費(fèi)用。

29.Thenationalparksarevaluableinthatthey

A.leadthewayintourism.B.havehistoricalsignificance.

C.sponsorresearchonclimateD.provideanincomeforthelocals.

[29]B.havehistoricalsignificance.解析：該題為細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題，問(wèn)國(guó)家公園很有價(jià)值

因?yàn)樗鼈冊(cè)趺礃?，依?jù)關(guān)鍵詞thenationalparks,valuable回到原文中定位，文中提到，這

些公園還有助于讓美國(guó)的歷史充溢活力，與全國(guó)數(shù)千個(gè)地方司法機(jī)構(gòu)合作，愛(ài)護(hù)包括埃利斯島和

葛底斯堡在內(nèi)的歷史遺跡，并讓這些地方的故事變得生動(dòng)起來(lái)(Theparksalsohelpkeep

America,spastalive,workingwiththousandsoflocaljurisdictionsaroundthecountry

toprotecthistoricalsites—includingEllisIslandandGettysburg—andtobringthe

storiesoftheseplacestolife.)所以國(guó)家公園很有價(jià)值因?yàn)樗鼈冇兄谧屆绹?guó)的歷史充溢活力,

愛(ài)護(hù)歷史遺跡，即有歷史意義。

30.ltcanbeconcludedfromthetextthatthenationalparksystem

A.isabletocopewithstaffshortage.

B.isabletomeetvisitor*sdemands.

C.isinneedofanewpricepolicy.

D.isinneedofafundingincrease.

【30】D.isinneedofafundingincrease.解析:該題為細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題,問(wèn)國(guó)家公園體系

如何，依據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞thenationalparksystem回到原文中定位,文中提到："國(guó)會(huì)每年只給國(guó)

家公園系統(tǒng)撥款30億美元——這一數(shù)額自2024年以來(lái)始終沒(méi)有改變(以通貨膨脹調(diào)整后的美元

計(jì)算)，除了2024年作為奧巴馬刺激安排一部分的一次增加。與此同時(shí)，自1980年以來(lái)，每年

的游客數(shù)量增長(zhǎng)了50%以上，現(xiàn)在每年達(dá)到3.3億人次。"(Congressallocatesonlybillion

ayeartothenationalparksystem—anamountthathasbeenflatsince2024(in

inflation-adjusteddollars)withtheexceptionofaonetimeboostin2024aspartofthe

Obamastimuluspackage.Meanwhile,thenumberofannualvisitorshasincreasedby

morethan50%since1980,andnowstandsat330rrillionvisitorsperyear.)可以得知,

國(guó)家公園體系得到的撥款每年基本上保持不變，然而參觀公園的游客再增長(zhǎng)，所以國(guó)家公園體系

須要撥款資金的增加。

Text3

31.Sparrow*sstudyshowthatwiththeInternet,thehumanbrainwill____

A.analyzeinformationindetail

B.collectinformationefficiently

C.switchitsfocusofmemory

D.extenditsmemoryduration

[31]C.switchitsfocusofmemory解析：該題為細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題，問(wèn)Sparrow的探討表

明在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時(shí)代，人類大腦會(huì)怎樣。通過(guò)Sparrow定位，最終鎖定第一段最終一句，即對(duì)探討

結(jié)論的表"humanmemoryisnotdeterioratingbutadaptingtonewcommunications

technology,人類的記憶并沒(méi)有退化而是"適應(yīng)新的通信技術(shù)"。CD選項(xiàng)都提到了memory,

C是轉(zhuǎn)換大腦記憶焦點(diǎn)，D是延長(zhǎng)大腦記憶時(shí)間。文章中的“適應(yīng)新的通信技術(shù)"對(duì)應(yīng)C選項(xiàng)

"轉(zhuǎn)換焦點(diǎn)。，因此答案是C。

32.Theprocessof'cognitiveoffloading”

A.helpsusidentifyfalseinformation

B.keepsourmemor/fromfailing

C.enablesustoclassifytrivialfacts

D.lessensourmemoryburdens

[32]D.lessensourmemoryburdens解析：該題為細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題，通過(guò)cognitive

offloading定位。文章描述"互聯(lián)網(wǎng)正在成為我們記憶的外部硬盤，這一過(guò)程被稱為

"cognitiveoffloading"。傳統(tǒng)上,這一角色是由數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)、圖書館和其他人類完成的。例如，

你的父親可能恒久不會(huì)記得生日，因?yàn)槟愕哪赣H會(huì)記得。"即cognitiveoffloading可以幫助

儲(chǔ)存部分記憶，即對(duì)應(yīng)D選項(xiàng)"減輕我們的記憶負(fù)擔(dān)"。

33.WhichofthefollowingwouldSparrowssupportabouttheInternet?

A.Itmayreformourlearningapproach

B.Itmayimpactoursocietynegatively

C.Itmayenhanceouradaptabilitytotechnology

D.Itmayinterferewithourconceptualthinking

[33]A.Itmayreformourlearningapproach解析該題為細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題，通過(guò)Sparrows

進(jìn)行定位，本句話表明白Sparrows的觀點(diǎn)："thetrendwillchangeourapproachto

learningfromafocusonindividualfactsandmemorizationtoanemphasisonmore

conceptualthinking""或許，她建議，這一趨勢(shì)將變更我們的學(xué)習(xí)方式，從關(guān)注個(gè)人事實(shí)和

記憶轉(zhuǎn)變，變?yōu)殛P(guān)注更多的概念思維"。A選項(xiàng)Itmayreformourlearningapproach[它可

能會(huì)變更我們的學(xué)習(xí)方式）是對(duì)文章的同義改寫。

34.ItisindicatedinParagraph3thathowtheInternetaffectsourbrains

A.requiresfurtheracademicresearch

B.ismoststudiedinolderadults

C.isreflectedinourreadingspeed

D.dependsonourv/eb-surfinghabits

[34]A.requiresfurtheracademicresearch解析該題為推斷題。段首句明確表示“還

有其他專家表示，現(xiàn)在了解互聯(lián)網(wǎng)如何影響我們的大腦還為時(shí)過(guò)早。"。A選項(xiàng)"須要達(dá)一步

的學(xué)術(shù)探討”是對(duì)文章的同義改寫。

35.NeitherSparrowsnorStormwouldagreethat

A.ourrelianceontheInternetwillbecostly

B.theInternetisweakeningourmemory

C.memoryexerciseisamustforourbrains

D.ourabilitytofucusdeclineswithage

[35]B.theInternetisweakeningourmemory解析：該題為觀點(diǎn)對(duì)比，問(wèn)Sparrows

和Storm都不會(huì)同意什么。Sparrows認(rèn)為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)可以變更我們的學(xué)習(xí)方式,Storm在文章最

終一E殳表明觀點(diǎn)。Theremaybecostsassociatedwithourincreasedrelianceonthe

Internet,butI'dhavetoimaginethatoverallthebenefitsaregoingtooutweigh

thosecosts,"我們對(duì)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的依靠增加可能會(huì)帶來(lái)一些成本，但我不得不想象，總的來(lái)說(shuō)，收

益將超過(guò)這些成本。，因?yàn)镾torm也支持互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。即兩人都沒(méi)有認(rèn)為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)有害，對(duì)應(yīng)B選

項(xiàng)theInternetisweakeningourmemory,即都不會(huì)認(rèn)為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)正在減!尋我們的記憶。

Text4

36.AccordingtoParagraph1,childrengrowingintoadolescencetendto.

A.developoppositepersonalitytraits.

B.seetheworldinanunreasonableway.

C.havefondmemoriesoftheirpast.

D.showaffectionfortheirparents.

[36]A.developoppositepersonalitytraits.解析：該題為細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題，問(wèn)進(jìn)入青春期

的孩子往往會(huì)如何，依據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞children,adolescence回到原文中定位，文中提到：“在青

春期，無(wú)助和依靠成年人的孩子成為獨(dú)立的人，他們可以照看自己，相互幫助。與此同時(shí),曾經(jīng)

歡樂(lè)聽從的孩子變成了叛逆的冒險(xiǎn)家，往往到了自我毀滅的地步。(Inadolescence,helpless

anddependentchildrenwhohavereliedongrown-upsforjustabouteverything

becomeindependentpeoplewhocantakecareofthemselvesandhelpeachother.At

thesametime,oncecheerfulandcompliantchildrenbecomerebelliousteenage

risk-takers,oftentothepointofself-destruction.)所以進(jìn)入青春期的孩子往往發(fā)展出相反

的人格特征.

37.ltcanbelearnedformParagraph2thatCrone1sstudy

A.exploresteenagers*socialresponsibilities.

B.examinesteenagers,emotionalproblems.

C.providesanewinsightintoadolescence.

D.highlightsnegativeadolescentbehavior.

[37]C.providesanewinsightintoadolescence.解析:該題為細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題，問(wèn)Crone

的探討如何，依據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞Crone'sstudy回到原文中定位，文中提到：”這項(xiàng)探討是對(duì)青春期

思索的新浪潮的一部分。很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間以來(lái)，科學(xué)家和政策制定者都認(rèn)為青少年是一個(gè)須要解決

的問(wèn)題。這項(xiàng)新探討強(qiáng)調(diào)，青春期是一個(gè)充溢機(jī)遇和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的時(shí)期。"(Thestudyispartofanew

waveofthinkingaboutadolescence.Foralongtime,scientistsandpolicymakers

concentratedontheideathatteenagerswereaproblemthatneededtobesolved.The

newworkemphasizesthatadolescenceisatimeofopportunityaswellasrisk.)所以

Crone的探討和以往對(duì)于青春期的思索不一樣，即為青春期供應(yīng)了一個(gè)新的見(jiàn)解。

38.WhatdoesCrone*sstudyfindaboutprosocialbehavior?

A.Itresultsfromthewishtocooperate.

B.Itiscultivatedthrougheducation.

C.Itissubjecttofamilyinfluence.

D.Ittendstopeakinadolescence.

[38]D.Ittendstopeakinadolescence.解析：該題為細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題，問(wèn)關(guān)于親社會(huì)的行

為，Crone的探討發(fā)覺(jué)了什么，依據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞Crone'sstudy,prosocialbehavior回到原文中

定位，文中提到："好玩的是，這項(xiàng)新探討表明，親社會(huì)行為也存在同樣的模式。青少年匕件幼

的兒童或成年人更有可能報(bào)告他們做過(guò)無(wú)私地幫助摯友等事情「(thenewstudyshowsthat,

interestingly,thesamepatternholdsforprosocialbehavior.Teenagersweremorelikely

thanyoungerchildrenoradultstoreportthattheydidthingslikeunselfishlyhelpa

friend.)所以相比幼童和成人，青少年更簡(jiǎn)單做出親社會(huì)的行為，即親社會(huì)的行為往往在青春期

達(dá)到頂峰。

39.Itcanbelearnedfromthelasttwoparagraphsthatteenagers

A.overstresstheirinfluenceonothers.

B.carealotaboutsocialrecognition.

C.becomeanxiousabouttheirfuture.

D.endeavortoliveajoyfullife.

【39】B.carealotaboutsocialrecognition.解析:該題為推理題,問(wèn)青少年如何，文

中提到："青少年對(duì)社會(huì)嘉獎(jiǎng)特殊敏感一贏得競(jìng)賽，給新?lián)从蚜粝律羁逃∠螅屇莻€(gè)男孩留

意至你。"(Teenagersareparticularlysensitivetosocialrewards—winningthegame,

impressinganewfriend,gettingthatboytonoticeyou.)這%B是說(shuō)青少乎社會(huì)嘉獎(jiǎng),

即社會(huì)認(rèn)可。

4O.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Whyteenagersareself-contradictory.

B.Whyteenagersaresensitive.

C.Howteenagersdevelopprosociality.

D.Howteenagersbecomeindependent.

[40]A.Whyteenagersareself-contradictory.解析：該題為主旨題，第一段開頭提

到青少年是沖突的，中間部分通過(guò)試驗(yàn)探討發(fā)覺(jué)主要探討青少年自相沖突的表現(xiàn)，最終部分探討

了青少年自相沖突產(chǎn)生的緣由.所以這篇文章主要探討了青少年為什么是自相沖突的.

PartB

Directions:

Readthefollowingtextandmatcheachofthenumbereditemsintheleftcolumn

toitscorrespondinginformationintherightcolumn.Therearetwoextrachoicesinthe

rightcolumn.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

Newbuildingregulationsaimedatimprovingenergyefficiencyaresettoincrease

thepriceofnewhomes,aswellasthoseofextensionsandloftconversionsonexisting

ones.

Therules,whichcameintoeffectonWednesdayinEngland,arepartof

governmentplanstoreducetheUK'scarbonemissionstonetzeroby2050.Theyset

newstandardsforventilation,energyefficiencyandheating,andstatethatnew

residentialbuildingsmusthavechargingpointsforelectricvehicles.

Themovesarethemostsignificantchangetobuildingregulationsinyears,and

industryexpertssaytheywillinevitablyleadtohigherpricesatatimewhenashortage

ofmaterialsandhighlabourcostsisalreadydrivingupbills.

BrianBerry,chiefexecutiveoftheFederationofMasterBuilders,atradegroupfor

smallandmedium-sizedbuilders,saysthemeasureswillrequirenewmaterials,testing

methods,productsandsystemstobeinstalled."Allthiscomesatanincreasedcost

duringatimewhenpricesarealreadyskyhigh.Inevitably,consumerswillhavetopay

more/1hesays.

GarethBelsham,ofsurveyorsNaismiths,sayspeoplewhoareupgrading,or

extendingtheirhome,willbedirectlyaffected.

“Thebiggestchangesrelatetoheatingandinsulation,“hesays."Therearenew

rulesconcerningthearrountofglazingusedinextensions,andanynewwindowsor

doorsmustbehighlyinsulated/1

Thechangescouldmeananextra?3,000addedtothebillofanaveragehome

extension,accordingtoJonathanRolandeoftheNationalAssociationofProperty

Buyers,agroupofprofessionalsaimedatraisingconstructionstandards.

Homeownersextendingmayseetheamountofspacetheyhavedecrease,aswalls

willhavetobethickerinordertocomplywithrequirementsforbetterinsulation.

AndrewMellor,ofPRParchitects,saysexternalwallswillneedtobeabout7cm

thickerthanpreviously.

Windowsanddoorswillhavetoadheretohigherstandards,whiletherearenew

limitsontheamountofglazingyoucanhavetoreduceunwantedheatfromthesun.

ThomasGoodman,ofMyJobQuote,asitewhichsourcesquotes,saysthiswillbring

innewrestrictionsforextensions.

“Glazingonwindows,doorsandrooflightsmustcovernomorethan25%ofthe

floorareatopreventheatloss,"hesays.

Aspropertiesbecomemoreairtight,therearealsomeasurestoensureproper

airflow,suchashavingsmallopenings(tricklevents)onwindowsthatallowventilation

whenawindowisclosed.

Forpeopleextendingtheirhomes,theymayberequiredtoinstallanew,or

replacement,heatingsystemdependingonthesizeofthebuild,saysBelsham.These

willhavetouselowertemperaturewatertodeliverthesameheat,whichwillrequire

increasedinsulationofpipes.

"We'IIseemoreinsulation,betterlightingdesignandrestrictionsontheamount

ofglassusedinsomeareas.Butwithmorethermal-efficienthomescancometheriskof

overheatingduetosolargain,andsoventilationisalsocovered/*saysRolande."Asa

result,double-glazedwindowswillrequiretrickleventstoletheatescapeandalsoto

providefreshairforhealthreasonsand,ofcourse,toreducetheriskofcondensation

buildupinanever-moreairtightproperty.”

AstherulescameintoeffectlastWednesday,propertydeveloperswererushingto

fileplansjustbeforethedeadline,accordingtoBelsham.Anyplanssubmittedbefore

thatdateareconsideredtobeunderthepreviousrules,andcangoaheadaslongas

workstartsbefore15Junenextyear.

Anaverageextensionwillprobablyseearound?3,000additionalcostthankstothe

newregs

Builderswhichhavecostedprojects,buthavenotfiledthepaperwork,mayneedto

gobackandsubmitfreshestimates,saysMarcusJeffordofBuildAviator,whichprices

projects.

Asthechangesareaimedtomakehomesmoreenergyefficient,theywill

eventuallydrivedownheatingbills.Butintheshort-termhomeownersarelikelytoface

highercostsforwork.

Materialspricesarealreadyup25%inthelasttwoyears,accordingtofiguresfrom

theConstructionProductsAssociation.

Howmuchoverallpriceswillincreaseasaresultoftherulechangesisnotclear.

“Whileadmirableintheirintentions,theywilladdtothecostofhousebuildingata

timewhenmanyalreadyfeelthattheyarepricedoutofhomeownership//says

Rolande."Anaverageextensionwillprobablyseearound?3,000additionalcost

thankstothenewregs.”

JohnKelly,aconstructionlawyeratFreethslawfirm,believespriceswilleventually

comedown.Butnotintheimmediatefuture."Asthemarketplaceadaptstothenew

requirements,andthetechnologiesthatsupportthem,thescalingupofthese

technologieswilleventuallybringcostsdown,butintheshortterm,wewillallhaveto

paythepriceofthenecessarytransition,“hesays.

However,thelong-termeffectsofthechangeswillbemorecomfortableand

energy-efficienthomes,addsMellor.^Homeownerswillprobablyrecoupthatcost

overtimeinenergybillsavings.Itwillobviouslybeveryvolatileatthemoment,but

theywillhavethatbenefitovertime.”

[A]Theriseofhomepricesisatemporarymatter.

41.BrainBerry[B]Builderspossiblyneedtosubmitnewestimatesoftheirprqjects.42.

GarethBelsham[C]Therewillbespecificlimitsonhomeextensionstopreventheat

loss.43.MarcusJefford[D]Thenewruleswilltakehomepricestoanevenhigher

level.44.JohnKelly[E]Manypeoplefeelthathomepricesarealreadybeyondwhatthey

canafford.45.AndrewMellor[F]Thenewruleswillaffectpeoplewhosehome

extensionsincludenewwindowsordoors.[G]Therulechangeswillbenefit

homeownerseventually.[41]D

Thenewruleswilltakehomepricestoanevenhigherlevel.

依據(jù)題干BrianBerry進(jìn)行定位，原文提到“Allthiscomesatanincreasedcostduring

atimewhenpricesarealreadyskyhigh.",即在價(jià)格已經(jīng)高得離譜的時(shí)候,全部這些都會(huì)

增加成本。對(duì)于消費(fèi)者而言，新政策的發(fā)布會(huì)讓原本就很高的房?jī)r(jià)接著攀高。D項(xiàng)為原文的同義

改寫，故D項(xiàng)正確。

[42]F

Thenewruleswillaffectpeoplewhosehomeextensionsincludenewwindowsor

doors.

依據(jù)題干GarethBelsham進(jìn)行定位,原文提到“peoplewhoareupgrading,or

extendingtheirhome,willbedirectlyaffected",即考慮升級(jí)或者擴(kuò)建房屋的人們會(huì)受至U影

響。F項(xiàng)為原文的同義改寫，故F項(xiàng)正確。

[43]B

Builderspossiblyneedtosubmitnewestimatesoftheirprojects.

依據(jù)題干MarcusJefford定位定位,原文提到"Builderswhichhavecostedprojects,

buthavenotfiledthepaperwork,mayneedtogobackandsubmitfreshestimates",

即已經(jīng)估算項(xiàng)目成本但尚未提交文件的建筑商可能須要回云提交新的估算。B項(xiàng)為原文的同義改

寫，故B項(xiàng)正確。

[44]A

Theriseofhomepricesisatemporarymatter.

依據(jù)JohnKelly進(jìn)行定位，原文提到"JohnKelly,aconstructionlawyeratFreethslaw

firm,believespriceswilleventuallycomedown.Butnotintheimmediatefuture/*,即

房?jī)r(jià)最終肯定會(huì)下降，但并不是在短期之內(nèi)。所以，房?jī)r(jià)的下跌只是一個(gè)時(shí)間問(wèn)題。A項(xiàng)為原文

的同義改寫，故A項(xiàng)正確v

[45]G

Therulechangeswillbenefithomeownerseventually.

依據(jù)AndrewMellor進(jìn)行定位，原文提到""Homeownerswillprobablyrecoupthat

costovertimeinenergybillsavings.Itwillobviouslybeveryvolatileatthemoment,but

theywillhavethatbenefitovertime.",即隨著時(shí)間蹄移，房主很可能會(huì)通過(guò)節(jié)約能源賬

單來(lái)收回這筆費(fèi)用。目前狀況明顯會(huì)很不穩(wěn)定，但隨著時(shí)間的推移，他們會(huì)從中受益。G項(xiàng)為原

文的同義改寫，故G項(xiàng)正確。

SectionIIITranslation

[46]

Inthelate18thcentury,WilliamWordsworthbecamefamousforhispoemsabout

nature.AndhewasoneofthefoundersofamovementcalledRomanticism,which

celebratedthewondersofthenaturalworld.

Poetryispowerful.Itsenergyandrhythmcancaptureareader,transportthemto

anotherworldandmakethenseethingsdifferently.Throughcarefullyselectedwords

andphrases,poemscanbedramatic,