考向39閱讀理解之說明文

(2022?青海?統(tǒng)考中考真題)CultureFlyingHigh

Knownasthebirthplaceofkites,WeifanginShandongProvincehasalonghistoryofmakingkites.

Weifangkiteniakingdatesbackto2,(X)0yearsago.Atfirst,theywereoftenusedbythearmyfor

measuringdistanceandmunicationpurposes.During(heMingDynasly(1368—1644),kitesstartedtobe

popularamongordinarypeopleasentertainment.Weifangkilemakingwasincludedinthenationallevel

intangibleculturalheritagelists(國家級非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄)in2006.Since1984,theInternationalKite

FestivalhasbeenheldinWeifangeveryyear.

YangHongwei,56,isaninheritor(繼承人)oftheWeifangkiteniakingart,bomintoakitemaking

family.4tEvcrytimeIseethebeautifulkites,myboredomandncgalivcfeelingsgoaway,“saidYang.

Havingaspecialconnectionwithkites,Yanglearnedtheartfromhergrandfatherattheageof16.

Afterpracticing(heskillsfor10years,shestartedherownshopin1992.OnYang'skites,peoplecansee

notonlymonpatternslikebutterfliesandbirds,butalsosomepaintingstellingChineselegendsandhistory.

Thoughtheideawascool,theprocesswasnoteasy."It'sreallyhardwork,“Yangadded,“butwhenI

explainthestoriesonthekitestoforeigncustomers,Ifeelasenseofgreatachievement?*

Inherspacetime,shealsotravelstodifferentcountriesincludingGermany,Australia,theUSand

NewZealandtotellpeopleaboutChinesestoriesseenonkitesandthetraditionalwaysofmakingkites.

'Tmaninheritoroftheculture.Itisalsoanimportantjobofminetospreadtheheritagearoundtheworld

andontothenextgeneration,5,shesaid.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。

1.Whendidkitesstarttobepopularasentertainment?

A.DuringMingDynasty.B.2000yearsago.

C.In2006.D.In1984.

2.Paragraph2mainly(ellsus.

A.thebirthplaceofkitesB.thepurposesofkites

C.thestylesofkitesD.thedevelopmentofkites

3.Theunderlinedword“negative"issimilarto.

A.positiveB.terribleC.personalD.joyful

4.Accordingtothepassage,whatcanweknowaboutYangHongwci?

A.Shetraveledallovertheworld.

B.Shestartedherownshopattheageof16.

C.ShetriedherbesttospreadChinesecultureofkitetotheworld.

D.Shewastheonlyinheritorof(heWeifangkitemakingart.

5.Thepassageiswrittento.

A.tellthehistoryofkites

B.teachushowtomakeakite

C.introduceaninheritorofWeifangkitemakingart

D.describepatternsofkites

【答案】1.A2.D3.B4.C5.C

【導語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹風箏的起源以及濰坊風箏制作藝術(shù)傳承人楊紅衛(wèi)的經(jīng)歷，以及她

為傳播中華文化做出的努力.

1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"DuringtheMingDynasty(1368—1644),kitesstartedtobepopularamongordinary

peopleasentertainment.”可知，在明朝(13681644),風箏開始在普通人中流行作為娛樂。故選A。

2.段落大意題。分析第二段內(nèi)容可知，本段主要介紹濰坊風箏制作的發(fā)展史，故選D。

3.詞句猜測題。分析“EverytimeIseethebeautifulkites,myboredomandnegativefeelingsgoaway”可

知，每當我看到美麗的風箏，我的無聊和負面情緒就消失了,此處negative的意思是“負面的，消極

的“。故選B。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Itisalsoanimportantjobofminetospreadtheheritagearoundtheworldandonto

thenextgeneration”可知，楊紅衛(wèi)表示將這些遺產(chǎn)傳播到世界各地，并傳給下一代，也是她的一項重

要工作。由此推知，她會盡她最大的努力向世界傳播中國的風箏文化，故選C。

5.主旨大意題。本文主要介紹風箏的起源以及濰坊風箏制作藝術(shù)傳承人楊紅衛(wèi)的經(jīng)歷，以及她為傳

播中華文化做出的努力。選項C”介紹一位濰坊風箏制作藝術(shù)傳承人”符合主題，故選C。

閱讀理解

說明文閱讀理解的特征

一般說來，英語說明文與其他文體一樣，文章所涉及的內(nèi)容不外乎以下幾個方面，即who-what-

when-*where-*how-*why

Lwho:問的是這篇文章的主體是誰?（即所要說明和描述的人或事物）

2.what:問的是主體做了什么事情?（即主體表現(xiàn)出的特性、功能和用途）

3.when和where:是在何時何地發(fā)生的?（即何時何地所表現(xiàn)出的特性、功能和用途）

4.how:通過什么方式表現(xiàn)出來的？

5.why:這種特性功能用途的原因是什么？

做說明文閱讀理解題的時候，一定要記住上面的whword。邊閱讀，邊搜記，牢記要點，把握全

文。

說明文體裁文章的閱讀技巧

說明文是以說明為主要表達方式用來說明事物，闡明事理的一種文體。它通過揭示概念來說明

事物的特征、本質(zhì)及其規(guī)律性，給人準確的科學知識或止確思想。一般可分為實體事物說明和抽象

事物說明兩大類，詞典、教材、論文、實驗報告、產(chǎn)品說明書、廣告、解說詞及科學小品等都屬于

說明文。

閱讀說明文體裁的文章時應(yīng)首先抓住下面的重要信息：

A.說明的對象

B.說明對?象的特征

C.說明的方法（例證法；定義法；分類法；因果關(guān)系法；比較對照法；過程分析法）

（1）例證法

這是用具體例子來說明人或事物的特征、本質(zhì)及其規(guī)律的方法，所用例子必須有代表性、典型性,

能體現(xiàn)人或事物的本質(zhì)特征。這是用特殊來說明一般的方法。通常在主題句后，用Forexample或For

instance等短語引導出具體的冽子。

（2）定義法

Kingtohelpscientistssearchfordarkmatterinspace.

Thenameofthespacestation,Tiangong,means"HeavenlyPalace”.InChinesemyths,thisisthe

homeofTianDi.NowTiangongSpaceStationisahomeforChineseastronautsinspace.AndChinaweles

foreignastronauts（oTiangongsothat（heycanworktogether.

Tianwen,China'sMarsmissions（任務(wù)）,getsitsnamefromthepoemTianwenbyQuYuan.QuYuan

isawellknownpoetfromancientChina.InTianwen,hehadthequestionsaboutthesky,stars,nature,

mythsandtherealworld,showinghishungerfortruth.PerhapstheTianwenmissionswillendup

answeringsomeofQuYuan'squestions.

IfyoulookintomorenamesofChinesespaceprograms,youwillfindthattheyallhavebeautiful

meanings.We,theChinesepeople,havealongcherished（珍藏已久的）spacedream.Sothenamingof

Chinesespaceprogramsistakenveryseriously.

1.WhatistheWukongsatelliteusedfor?

A.AnsweringsomeofQuYuan'squestions.

B.Helpingscientistssearchfordarkmatterinspace.

C.Welingforeignastronautstothespacestation.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"myths“inParagraph3mean?

A.Poems.B.Fairytales.C.Hoaxes.

3.WhereisthenameofChina'sMarsmissionsfrotn?

A.QuYuan^poemTianwen.B.AncientChinesemyths.C.JourneytotheWest

4.WhydowelakethenamingofChinesespaceprogramsseriously?

A.WewanttolandonMars.B.Wehavethehungerloriruth.C.Wehaveadreamforspace.

5.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.WhatBeautifulNamesB.WhatExcellentPoemsC.WhataLongJourney

【答案】1.B2.B3.A4.C5.A

【導語】本文主要介紹了太空項目命名的由來。

1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TheWukongsatelliteisjustassharpeyedasMonkeyKingtohelpscientistssearch

fordarkmatterinspace.”可知，它用來幫助科學家尋找太空中的暗物質(zhì)，故選B。

2.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“InChinesemyths,thisisthehomeofTianDi”可知,天帝是中國的神話傳說,所

以myths表示“神話",與Fairytales同義，故選B。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)'.Tianwen,China'sMarsmissions（任務(wù)），getsitsnamefromthepoemTianwenbyQu

Yuan”可知，得名于屈原的《天問》，故選A。

4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“We,theChinesepeople,havealongcherished（珍藏己久的）spacedream.Sothe

namingofChinesespaceprogramsistakenveryseriously.”可知.中國人民有著長久以來的太空夢。因

此，中國太空計劃的命名受到了非常認真的對待，故選C。

5.最佳標題題。本文主要介紹了太空項目命名的由來，A選項”多么優(yōu)美的名字”符合本文標題，故

選Ao

（2023?山西晉城?統(tǒng)考一模）

Fromchickenfeetsockstosadfrogtoys,“ugly"productshavebeepopularamongyoungpeople.On

thesocialmediaplatformDouban,thereisagroupcalledtheSocietyfbrtheProtectionofUglyThings

withmorethan200,000members.Theypost"uglythings^^theyseeandbuyindailylife.

Somemuseumshavealsofollowedthetrendandproducedmany“ugly"butinterestingculturaland

creativeproducts.Forexample,onJune14,2022,theGansuProvincialMuseumbroughtoutatoy.It's

basedonthefamousbronzesculpture（青鋼雕塑）,knownasGallopingHorseTreadingonaFlying

Swallow（馬踏飛燕）.Thetoyrecreatesthesculptureinacuteandcartoonstyle.Thismakesthetoymore

fashionableandmorefun.

Infact,someofthe"ugly"productscanbeuseful.YinPeixin,11,fromHubeihasacabbagedogtoy.

Unlikeothers,shedoesn'tfinditugly."It'screativebymixingcabbagewithadog.Thetoymakesmefeel

betterwhenI'mupset.Italsoservesasaminipillowtohelpmehaveagoodsleep/'saidYin.

AccordingtoZhangLei,aprofessoratZhejiangUniversityofTechnology,theriseinthepopularityof

uglythingsmeansthatyoungpeoplewanttoshowthatthey'redifferent.Theyhopetogetpleasureanda

newtasteoflifefromsomethingalittlemore"ugly".

6.WhatdothemembersoftheSocietyfortheProtectionofUglyThingsdo?

A.Theysell“ugly"things.B.Theycreate“ugly"products.C.Theypost“uglythings^^online.

7.Whatdocstheunderlinedword"trend”probablymeaninChinese?

A.潮流B.榜樣C.習俗

8.HowdoesthecabbagedogtoyhelpYinPeixin?

A.Byencouraginghertobecreative.

B.Bycheeringherupwhensheisdown.

C.Byhelpingherhaveagoodrestbetweenclasses.

9.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Youngpeoplecandrawattentionbybuying“ugly”things.

B."Ugly”productsbeemorepopularamongyoungpeople.

C.ThetoyfromtheGansuProvincialMuseummixesdogwithbird.

10.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A.People'sdifferentopinionsabout"ugly”things.

B."Ugly"productsthatgivepeopleadifferentkindofjoy.

C.Thedifferencesbetween“perfbet”thingsand“ugly"things.

【答案】6.C7.A8.B9.B10.B

【導語】本文主要介紹丑陋的玩具帶給人們不一樣的快樂。

6.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theypost'uglythings'theyseeandbuyindailylifb.”可知成員們發(fā)表“丑陋的東

西''在網(wǎng)上，故選C。

7.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Somemuseumshavealsofollowedthetrendandproducedmany'ugly'but

interestingculturalandcreativeproducts.”可知博4勿,館也》艮風擺放“丑陋”的東西，故"trend”表示"潮流"，

故選Ao

8.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thetoymakesmefeelbetterwhenrmupsel.“可知這個玩具讓她振作起來,故

選Bo

9.2川節(jié)理解題o根據(jù)“theriseinthepopularityofuglythingsmeansthatyoungpeoplewanttoshowthat

they*different.”可知丑陋的玩具在年輕人中間流行度增加I,B項符合，故選B。

10.主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Theyhopetogetpleasureandanewtasteoflifefromsomethingalittlemore

“gly，.”可知本文主要講“丑陋的”產(chǎn)品帶給人們不一樣的快樂。故選B。

（2023?山西忻州?統(tǒng)考一模）Recently,Avatar2（《阿凡達2》）ishotinthecinema.Onceagain,

peoplewereamazedbytheeffectsofthemovie.Inmostfilmsaboutspace,wheneverEarthfacesadisaster

（災(zāi)難），thesolutionisalwaysrunningawayfrom（heplanetinspaceshipsorexpectingoneoragroupof

superheroestosaveitintheendButtheChinesesciencefiction（scifi）movie.TheWanderingEarth（《流

浪地球》）offersadifferentidea.Inthefilm,basedonashortstorybyChinesescifiwriterLiuCixin,Earth

isindangerofbeingdestroyedbythedyingsun.Facingtheveiydanger,humansaroundtheworldwork

togethertobuildahugeenginesystemthatwillpushEarthawayfromthesun.Insteadofsimplyhaving

Earthbehindagain——thistimewe'retakingitwithus.

TheWanderingEarthachievedgreatsuccessduringtheSpringFestivalin2020.AsChina'sfirst

homemadescifiblockbuster（大片）,thefilmhasledtoheateddiscussions.TheNewYorkTimesreported

that"Itwillbeasymbolofanewera（時代）inChinesefilmmaking."The"ambition"ofthescififilm,

however,didn'tefromnowhere.Forthousandsofyears,“homeland”hasbeenthesoftestpartinmost

Chinesepeople'smind.Oneoldsayingis4tfallenleavesreturntotheroots”,whichmeansreturningtoone's

homelandinoldage,likefallenleavesreturningtotherootsoftheirtree.

AndthemakersofTheWanderingEarthmayhavechosenthebest（imetotelltheChinesescifistory.

ThefilmwasonFeb.5,2019,thefirstdayofChineseLunarNewYear.Itwasalimewhenmanypeople

hadjustmadethehardjourneybacktotheirhometowns.Sotothem,thereisonlyonepossiblewaytotell

thestory:Earthgoeswhereverhumansgo,becauseit'sourhome.

11.WhatisNOTthesolutionv/hentheEarthfacesadisasterinmostfilmsaboutspace?

A.Hidedeepintheground.B.Runawayfromtheplanet.C.Expectonesuperherotosaveit.

12.WhatkindofmovieisTheWanderingEarths

A.Anactionmovie.B.Acartoonmovie.C.Asciencefictionmovie.

13.WhyisTheWanderingEarthdifferentfromotherfilms?

A.Becausepeopledon'tneedit.

B.Becausepeoplehaveanewplanet.

C.Becausepeoplelaketheearthwiththemselves.

14.Whatdotheunderlinedphrasesmean?

A.巧奪天工B.空穴來風C.落葉歸根

15.Whatdocsthewriterwanttotellus?

A.Avatar2isanexcellentfilm.

B.Chinesepeoplevaluetheirhomeandhomeland.

C.IftheEarthfacesadisaster,wecanrunawayfrom（heplanet

【答案】11.A12.C13.C14.B15.B

【導語】本文主要介紹了《流浪地球》背后映射出一個現(xiàn)象：中國人珍視自己的家和祖國.

11.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Inmostfilmsaboutspace,wheneverEanhfacesadisaster（災(zāi)難）,thesolutionis

alwaysrunningawayfromtheplanetinspaceshipsorexpectingoneoragroupofsuperheroestosaveitin

theend.“可知，在大多數(shù)太空超材的電影中，每當?shù)厍蛎媾R災(zāi)難，解決方案總是乘坐宇宙飛船逃離

地球，或者期待一個或一群超級英雄最終拯救地球。故選A,

12.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ButtheChinesesciencefiction（scifi）movie,TheWanderingEarth（《流浪地

球》）”可知，《流浪地球》是科幻電影，故選C。

13.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“InsteadofsimplyleavingEarthbehindagain—thistimewe'retakingitwithus.”

可知，《流浪地球》和其他電影不一樣，是因為人們把地球帶在身邊。故選C。

14.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)"The'ambition'ofthescififilm,however,didn'tefromnowhere.”以及“For

thousandsofyears,“homeland”hasbeenthesoftestpartinmostChinesepeople'smind."（數(shù)「年來，”祖

國''一直是大多數(shù)中國人心中最柔軟的部分）可知，這部科幻電影的“雄心”并非憑空而來,efmmwhere

表示“空穴來風”，故選B“

15.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Sotothem,thereisonlyonepossiblewaytotellthestory:Earthgoeswherever

humansgo,becauseifsourhome."（所以對他們來說，只有一種可能的方式來講述這個故事：人類走

到哪里，地球就到哪里，因為它是我們的家。）可推知，作者想告訴我們中國人珍視自己的家和祖

國。故選Bo

提升練

（2023?天津和平?統(tǒng)考一模）TanghuluisaspecialandsweetchildhoodmemoryofmanyChinese

people.Whenwinteres,youcanseepeoplesellingTanghuluoneachstreetinBeijing.Brightredincolor,

withperfectsweetandsourtaste,TanghuluisapopulartraditionalsnackinmostpartsofnorthernChina.In

thepast,peoplemainlyusedthehawthon（山楂）tomakeTanghulu.Butnow,peopleprefertojseother

fruitslikeoranges,bananas,grapesandstrawberries.TomaketheperfectTanghulu,youcanfollowthese

steps：

Preparewhatyouneed：

Hawthornsorotherfruit,whitesugarandwater.

Step1

Startoffbywashingthehawthornsoranyotherfruityouchoose.Oncedone,drythefruit.Don't

forgetihisstep.

Step2

Putthefruitonbamboosticks.Ifyouuselongsticks,put4―6piecesoffruitoneachstick.Ifyouuse

shortones,1—3piecesareenough.

Step3

Addwaterandwhitesugarinapanandthenmixthemwell.Heatthepanuntilbubbles（氣泡）appear

andcolorchanges.Whendoingthis,youcantestthetemperatureofthemixturebydipping（浸）aspoonof

themixtureincoldwater.Whenthemixturehardens（變硬）immediately,youhavetherighttemperature.It

isthekeytomakingperfectTanghulu.

Step4

Now,dipeachfruitstickintothesugarmixturetoeasilycoatthefruit.Remembertoturnittocoatall

ofthesides.

Step5

Oncedone,placeeachstickonaplate.Remember（oleaveenoughspacebetweeneachothertostop

themfromsticking.Afterafewminutes,youcantastethem.

Withthestepbystepinstructions,youcanhaveatryathome.Trywithdifferentkindsoffruitstosee

whichtasteyoulikebest.

16.InParagraph1,thewriterspeaksofTanghulu'sand.

A.color;historyB.taste;colorC.size;tasteD.history;size

17.Afterwashingthefruit,weneedtofirst.

A.makeitdryB.putitonbamboosticksC.heatitinapanD.dipitin

thesugarmixture

18.WhatdocsrefertoinStep3?

A.Thewaytotestthesugarmixture.B.Thewaytoheat（hesugarmixture.

C.Thetemperatureofthesugarmixture.D.Thetimetodipfruitsticksinthemixture.

19.WhatdoesStep5mainly（ellus?

A.Howoftenyoucantasteit.B.Howtocoolthefruitsticks.

C.Wheretoputthefruitsticks.D.Whocantastethefruitsticking.

20.Inwhichpartofamagazinecanwcprobablyrcidthepassage?

A.Health.B.History.C.Travel.D.Lifestyle.

【答案】16.B17.A18.C19.C20.D

【導語】本文主要介紹了糖葫蘆的制作過程。

16.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Brightredincolor,withperfectsweetandsourtaste”可知本段提到了糖葫蘆的顏

色和味道。故選B。

17.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Oncedone,drythefruit”可知要把水果弄干。故選A。

18.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“WhenIhemixturehardens（變硬）immediately,youhavetherighttemperature.It

isthekeytomakingperfectTanghulu”可知當混合物變硬時，你就有了合適的溫度，這是制作完美糖葫

蘆的關(guān)鍵，故此處it指代“糖混合物的溫度故選C。

19.主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Oncedone,placeeachstickonaplate”可知這個步驟主要介紹了把水果棒放哪

里以及需要的注意事項。故選C。

20.推理判斷題。本文主要介紹了糖葫蘆的制作過程，故文章可能出現(xiàn)在雜志的生活方式版面。故

選D。

（2023?河南鄭州?河南省實驗中學校考二模）Socialmedia（社交媒體）iscertainlyaninteresting

placetolearnothers5opinions.Youcanreadeverythingfromstrangeideastotruefactsandeverythingin

between.Butwhenyouarespendingtimeonlineandreadingsomanyopinions,it'squitepossiblethatyou

willsometimesseesomeonewritesomethingthatyoustronglydisagreewith.

Infact,youmightfeelsostronglythatyoufeellikeyoushouldreplytothispersonatonce.Youmight

dosomeresearch,findsomefactsofyourownandreplytowhatthey'vewritten.Youfinishwritingout

yourreply,click“Post"andwintheargument!

Exceptthatit'snotreallyir.uchofavictory.Mostpeopledon'tlikeitwhenotherpeopledisagreewith

theirideas,especiallyonlinestrangers.Il'sunlikelythattheywillchangetheiropinionjustbecauseyou

arguedwiththem.Infact,it'spossiblethatyoumadethemfeelmoreconfidentthattheyarecorrect.

Andthethingis,whenyougetinthesekindsoffightsonline,itslowlyinfluencesyou.Youmightnot

knowitatfirst,buttheargumentthatyoutakepartincanactuallyhaveabadeffectonyourmood.Ifyou

argueoften,youstarttoenjoyarguingandthenendupdoingitevenmore.It'sadangerouscycle.

Iguessthebestthingtodoistotellyourselfthatmostargumentsaren'tworthit.Therearcmuch

betterandmoreinterestingthingstodo,whetheronlineorinreallife.

21.Whichstatementisn'ttnieaccordingtothetext?

A.Peoplecanpostdifferentopinionsonsocialmedia.

B.Peoplemayseesomeopinionstheyarestronglyagainstonsocialmedia.

C.Gettinginthosekindsofargumentsonsocialmediacaninfluenceourmood.

D.Thewritersuggestsweshouldstayawayfromsocialmedia.

22.WhatdoesthewriterwanttotellusinParagragh3?

A.Itisnormaltoarguewithpeopleonsocialmedia.

B.Onlinestrangerswon'tchangeopinionssimplybecauseyouarguewiththem.

C.Ybushoulddosomeresearchbeforereplyingtotheopinionyoudisagreewith.

D.Youarcalwayswclcdtoexpressdifferentopinionsonline.

23.Whichwordhasthesamemeaningastheword“victory“inParagraph3?

A.winB.failureC.winnerD.loser

24.Whatmightbe（heconsequence（后果）ofyoutakingpartinanargumentaccordingtothetext?

A.Themoreyouargue,thehappieryouwillbe.

B.Theargumentcanhaveabadeffectonyourmood.

C.Itcanmakeyouwinmorefriendship.

D.Youwillbccdangerous.

25.Whatisthebesttitleofthisarticle?

A.StopArguingonSocialMedia

B.BeingawayfromSocialMedia

C.Don'tberudeonSocialMedia

D.PriceofArguingonSocialMedia

【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.B25.A

【導語】本文是一篇說明文.文章介紹了作者針對在網(wǎng)上與別人因為觀點不同而產(chǎn)生爭論的事情發(fā)

表的不贊同觀點及作者認為這樣做反而會使自己陷入危險的循環(huán)。

21.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Socialmedia（社交媒體）iscertainlyaninterestingplacetolearnothers5opinions.

Youcanreadeverythingfromstrangeideastotruetactsandeverythinginbetween.”可知作者認為社交媒

體是一個學習他人意見的有趣地方，所以D選項錯誤，故選D。

22.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Mostpeopledon'tlikeitwhenotherpeopledisagreewiththeirideas,especially

onlinestrangers.It'sunlikelythattheywillchangetheiropinionjustbecauseyouarguedwiththem.”（大多

數(shù)人都不喜歡別人不同意自己的觀點，尤其是網(wǎng)上的陌生人。他們不太可能僅僅因為你和他們爭論

就改變他們的觀點。）可知網(wǎng)上的陌生人不會因為你和他們爭論就改變觀點。故選B。

23.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)"Youmightdosomeresearch,findsomefactsofyourownandreplytowhatthey've

written.Youfinishwritingoutyourreply,click4Post5andwintheargument（你可能會做一些調(diào)查，找

到一些你自己的事實，然后回復他們寫的東西。你寫完你的回復，點擊“發(fā)布”，贏得爭論［可知你

在網(wǎng)上強烈反對某個人的看法，所以回庭別人寫的東西，但是這并不是?場真正的勝利，因為網(wǎng)上

的陌生人不會因為你和他們爭論就改變觀點。所以victory和win同義，故選A。

24.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Andthethingis,whenyougetinthesekindsoffightsonline,itslowlyinfluences

you.Youmightnotknowitatfirst,buttheargumentthatyoutak3partincanactuallyhaveabadeffecton

yourmood”可知當你在網(wǎng)上陷入這種爭斗時，它會慢慢影響你，會對你的情緒產(chǎn)生不良影響。故選

B。

25.最佳標題題。通讀全文可知，作者全文是在講在網(wǎng)上和別人因為觀點不同起爭論是不值得的事

情，結(jié)合選項只有A選項“停止在社交媒體上爭論”符合。故選A。

（2023?江蘇無錫?江蘇省錫山高級中學實驗學校校考一模）

ELECTRICSCOOTER

BackinBrisbane,Australia,fortheChristmasbreak,Ifoundmyselfinapublictransportdeadzone.

Bikeless,7kilometersfromwhereIwasmeetingfriendsandunwillingtogetataxi,Idecidedtoborrowan

electricscooter.I'hetriptookfarlongerthanitwouldhavebybike,mainlybecauseofamajorscill

halfwaythere.Arock,hitatspeed,isaterriblething:weekslaterIstillhadtheredkneesofaprimary

schooler.

IntheUK,theyarelegal（合法的）onlyonprivateland,buttheDepartmentforTransportisdiscussing

howtocontrolthemonpublicroadsandpathways,with（hepossibilityforlegalizationlaterthisysar.Other

citiesthathaveescooterrentalprogramshavehadproblemsintheearlyperiod.InParis,MayorAnne

Hidalgodescribedthesituationlastyearasmessy.Shehasannouncedthatthecityisreducingitsnumber

ofescootersto15,000andplanstocreatelawsforbiddingthemfrompavements（人行:道）.Francehaspul

intoforcelawslimitingcscootcrspeedsto25kilometresperhour.

Similartodocklcss（無械的）hirebicycles,cscootcrsarcparkedonpavementsandpeopleleavethem

uptreesorthrowthemintorivers.Wildtreatmentshortenstheirlifetime,whichisbadfbrbothprofitability

（盈利）andtheenvironment.Analysissuggeststhattheaveragecscootcr'slifetimeisjustthreemonths.

Ithinkescootersareanbasicpartoftheefforttomakecitytransportgreener.Theyareseenasakeyto

the“l(fā)astproblem—apotentialwaytoreducetransportjambyrapidlygettingsomeonetotheirfinal

goal.Carscantakeup28timesthespaceofapersonridingabicycle.Asfarastheenvironmentaleffect

goes,recentresearchsuggeststhatcscootcrsarcnotasgreenaswalkingorcycling,buttheyarcstillbetter

thancars.Andthoughtherearestillmanyreportsofseriousaccidents,scootingisaboutassafeascycling.

StephenGosslingatLundUniversityinSwedenhassuggestedwebuildcarfrcc“micromobility”streets,

wherecyclists,pedestrians（行人）andescooterscouldsharetheroad.Hethinksthiswillreduceaccident

risksandinvitemorevulnerable（易受傷害的）trafficparticipants,suchaschildren,tobccactive:ransport

users.Ifmoreescootersmeanfewercarsonroads,animprovementinlocalairqualityisalsoalikelyresult.

When20kilometersofroadsincentralLondonclosedforWorldCarFreeDaylastSeptember,theair

qualitywasgreatlyimprovedaccordingtothereport.

26.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"amajorspill''inParagraph1probablymean?

A.Aseriousfall.B.Asuddenillness.C.Alegalreaction.D.Aterriblebreakdown.

27.WhatdoweknowaboutescootersinParis?

A.Theyarcillegalonpavements.B.Theyarcalreadyoutoffashion.

C.Theyarefacingmorelimits.D.Theyaremoremononprivateland.

28.Whatisthewriter'sopinionofescooters?

A.Theyarenotassafeascycling.B.Theyalwayscausethetrafficjams.

C.Theyareasgreenascyclingorwalking.D.Theyplayabigroleinthe“l(fā)astmile"problem.

29.WhatisStephenGossling'ssuggestion?

A.Tosetupmorecarefreedays.B.Toinvitemorecycliststouseescooters.

C.lbgetvulnerablepedestriansofftheroad.D.Toseparatecarsfromescootersontheroad.

【答案】26.A27.C28.D29.D

【導語】本文主要介紹了一些城市出現(xiàn)電動踏板車后出現(xiàn)的一些問題。但作者認為電動摩吒車是城

市交通綠化的重要組成部分。很多的電動滑板車意味著道路上汽車的減少，那么當?shù)氐目諝赓|(zhì)量可

能也會改善。

26.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Thetriptookfarlongerthanitwouldhavebybike”可知作者花費了比騎自行車

更久的時間，再由"Arock,hitatspeed,isaterriblething:weekslater,Istillhadtheredkneesofaprimary

schooler”可知電動車在路上撞到了石頭上，作者摔了一跤，amajorspill意為“摔了一跤”。故選A。

27.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“InParis,MayorAnneHidalgodescribedthesituationlastyearasmessyShehas

announcedthatthecityisreducingitsnumberofescootersto15,300andplanstocreatelawsforbidding

themfrompavemenls.”可知在巴黎電動踏板車受到了諸多限制。故選C。

28.觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)"Ithinkescootersareanbasicpartoftheefforttomakecitytransportgreener.They

arcseenasakeytothe'lastmile*problem—apotentialwaytoreducetransportjambyrapidlygetting

someonetotheirfinalgoal.”可知作者認為電動踏板車在“最后一英里”問題中發(fā)揮重要作用。故選D。

29.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“StephenGosslingatLundUniversityinSwedenhassuggestedwebuildcarfree

'micromobility'streets,wherecyclists,pedestriansandescooterscouldsharetheroad.“可知Stephen

Gossling建議在路上把汽車和電動踏板車分開。故選Do

真題練

（2022?甘肅甘南?統(tǒng)考中考真題）

尸，o

BingDwcnDwcnShueyRhonRhon

Hello,myfriends!Nicetomeetyou!MynameisBingDwellDwen.I'mthemascot（吉祥物）ofthe

2022BeijingWinterOlympicGames.Tinablackandwhitepanda.Ihavebigeyes,asmallnoseanda

smallmouth.Myarmsandlegsarcshort.Whatisitonmylefthand?Haha,itisaheartpatten】（心、形圖案）

towelefriendsallovertheworldtoetoChina.

Whoisthat?Itismygoodfriend,ShueyRhonRhon.ItisthemascotoftheParalympicWinter

Games（冬殘奧會）.Itlookslikearedlantern.Ithastwosmalleyes.Itsarmsandlegsareshort,too.Weare

verycute.

30.ShueyRhonRhonisthemascotof.

A.the2022WinterOlympicGames

B.the2022ParalympicWinterGames

C.theOlympicandParalympicWinterOlympicGames

31.WhatdoesBingDwenDwenlooklike?

A.Apanda.B.Amascot.C.Aredlantem.

32.WhatcolorisShueyRhonRhon?

A.Green.B.Blackandwhite.C.Red.

33.Whereistheheartpattern?

A.ItisonBingDwenDwen'slefthand.

B.ItisonBingDwenDwen'srighthand.

C.ItisonBingDwenDwen'sback.

34.Whatmeanstowelefriends