8BU52023年牛津譯林版初中英語單元知識點一遍過

過單詞短語

1：Second、don'tcutinonothers.(P64)第二,不要打斷其他人。

cutin(onsb./sth.)打斷(談話)，插嘴。

如：Shealwayscutsinwhenotherpeoplearetalking.

【知識拓展】cutdown砍倒；減少，削減

cutoff切斷，割斷，剪斷

cutout切去,切除；剪下

例如：

Ifyoucutdownallthetreesyouwillruintheland.

Shecutoffasmallpieceofbreadandgaveittome.

2：Alwayswaitpolitely.(P64)總是禮貌地等候。

politeadj.有禮貌的impoliteadj.沒有禮貌的politelyadv.沒有禮貌地

bepolitetosb.對…有禮貌berudetosb.對...粗魯

如：Weshouldbepolitetooldpeople.

3：加avethetaprunning(P65)水龍頭一直在流

leavevt.

(I)使…處于某種狀態(tài)，"leaveslh.+賓語補足語”結構中，可用形容詞、副詞、現(xiàn)在分詞或過去分詞等作賓語

補足語。

①現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語，如：Whathesaidleftmethinkingdeeply.

②形容詞作賓語補足語,如：Hisillnesslefthimweak.

(2)離開;脫離leave...fbr…離開...前往...如:fllleaveNanjingforBeijingtomorrow.

(3)遺忘；丟下leavesth.I地點如：Ileftthebookathome.

注意：forgetsth.表示忘記某物，不強調(diào)地點，如:

Sorry,IforgotmyEnglishbook.Ileftitathome.

4：queueforyourturn(P65)排隊等待

queuev.意為"排隊等候“如：Weshouldqueueupattheticketoffice.

jurr.pthequeue意為“插隊

如：Whydidyoujumpthequeuejustnow?

(2)turn

n.順序,輪流

It'sone'sturntodosth.輪到某人做某事,

如：It'syourturntomakeadecision.

takeone'sturntodosth.輪流做某事

如：Thenursestooktumstoattend(hepatient.

5：Pmafraidnot.(P65)我恐怕不是。

「mafraid意為“恐怕”，主要用于禮貌地說出令人不快、失望或感到遺憾的事。如：

I'mafraidIcan'tstay.

rinafraid之后可接so或not,表示前面所提到的情況：表肯定時用so；表否定時用not。如：

Willheetoday?I'mafraidso(not).

此用法還有Ithinkso./1don'tthinkso.Ihopeso./Ihopenot.

8：What'stheproperwaytoqrectpeoplethere,Jenny?(P66)簡妮，問候那里的人合適的方法是什么？

(1)動詞不定式togreetpeoplethere作后置定語,修飾theproperway。如:Ihavealotofhomeworktodo.

⑵【hewaytodosth./ofdoingsth.做某事的方式或方法，如：

【拓展】

on(heway在路上bytheway順便說，順便問intheway=insb'sway擋路，礙事

(3)grcctsb歡迎某人

greetsb.withsth.用...問候某人greetings名詞，問候

(4)improper不恰當?shù)膒roperly恰當?shù)豬mproperly不恰當?shù)?/p>

9：Britishpeoplesay“hello"or“nicetomeetyou“andshakeYourhandwhentheymeetyouforthefirst

time.(P66)英國人在他們第一次遇見你時說“你好”或“很高興認識你”并和你握手。

(l)shake過去式shook；過去分詞shaken；現(xiàn)在分詞shaking

常用短語：shakeone'shands握某人的手；shakehandswithsb.與某人握手

waveone'shands揮某人的手；wavetosb.向某人揮手

⑵handvt.

常用短語：handin上交，交上去［給老師或上級)

handout散發(fā)，分發(fā)

10：Britishpeopleonlygreetrelativesorclosefriendswithakiss.(P66)英國人只用親吻來問候親戚或親密的

朋友。

close

①vt/vi.關閉;蓋上;合上,反義詞為open。如：Sheclosedthedoorsoftly.

②adj.近的,接近的(+lo)。如：H】shouseiscloseto(hefactory.

(關系)密切的，親密的。如：Sheisaclosefriendoftheirs.

③adv.接近,靠近地(+to)。如：Theyliveclosetothemuseum.

緊密地，緊緊地。如：Annafollowedclosebehind.

@closelyadv.密切地(抽象概念)workclosely

【拓展】closedadj.關閉的，反義詞為open。

如：Helikessleepingwiththewindowclosed.

11：Butpleaseavoidsubjectslikeage,weight,music,booksorsomethingelse.(P66)

但是請避免像年齡、體重、音樂、書籍或是其他的話題。

avoidvt.后接名詞或動名詞做賓語，意為避免做某事。如：

Weshoulddoeverythingcarefullytoavoidmakingmistakes.

12：Dopeopletherebehavepolitelyinpublic?(P66)那里的人會在公共場合舉止文明嗎?

(l)behavevt/vi.表現(xiàn)名詞形式behavior表現(xiàn)；行為，舉止

⑵publicn.民眾,群體:adj.公共的,公開的。如:

17：Shedidnotjointhediscussion.(P71)她沒有加入討論。

discussionn.討論動詞形式discuss

常用短語：underdiscussion

18.dosth.byaccident偶然，碰巧

19.expressoneselfclearly

20.舉行一個關于..的演講holdatalkon

注意：介詞on

21.它將會在星期天卜午兩點鐘舉行。Itwilltakeplaceat2onSundayafternoon.

我們將舉行一個關于好的餐桌禮儀的演講。Wearegoingtohodatalkongoodtablemanners.

注意：hold和takeplace的區(qū)別

hold是舉辦人做主語，賓語是舉辦的活動比賽等；lakeplace是活動比賽做主語，后面沒有賓語。

1：Helpexplainthingsandgiveususefulinformation.(P72)幫助解釋事情并給我們有用的信息。

explainvt./vi.及物動詞的用法為explaintosb.sth.或explainsth.tosb.即不能直接跟雙賓語，在表人的問

接賓語前，后需加介詞too如：

Heexplainedtomethedifficultmathsproblem.=Heexplainedthedifficultmathsproblemtome.

2：keepusfromdanger(P72)使我們遠離危險

keepsb./sthawayfromslh.阻止某人/某物前去或接近

keep/stop/preventsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事

如：Hekeepshisdogawayfromhisbedroom.

Tomkepthislittlebrotherfrombotheringhim.

3：warnusagainstsomething(P72)提醒我們地方某些可能發(fā)生的事情

warnvt.警告，提醒

用法如下:

①warnsb.(not)todosth.警告某人(不要)干某事。如：

Hewarnedusnottostayuplate.

②v/arnsb.of/aboutsth.提醒、警告某人注意某事。如：

Hewarnedthedangerofthecaraccident.

warningn.警告，提醒。

如：Togiveawarning,hewavedhishandsquickly.

4：Sorry,Ididn'tnoticethatsignjustnow.(P73)對不起，我剛剛沒有注意到那個標志。

notice常用于noticesb.dosth.;no:iccsb.doingsth.結構中。

如：DidyounoticeJackcin?

Didyounoticehishandshaking?

noticen.意為”布告，公告，啟事”，是可數(shù)名詞。如：

Thereisanoticeontheofficegatesaying"NoParking".

作名詞常用的詞組有：

①takenoticeofsb./slh.意為”注意某人(某物如:Takenoticeofwhat(heysay.

②takenonoticeofsb./sth.意為"不理會某人/某物\$11:Takenoncticeofhisangrywordsheisnotwell.

5：Everybodywillbeluckyorsuccessfulsometimeintheirlife.(P74)每個人都將會在他們的一生中走運或是

成功。

successfuladj.成功的successfullyadv.成功地successn.成功。succeedvi.成功；

如：Hissuccessmakesmewanttobesuccessfulinthenearfuture.

常用短語：dosth.successfully=succeedinsth./doingsth.

6：Risklosingeverythingallatonetime.(P74)曾經(jīng)冒險做失去一切的風險。

riskvt眉…的危險;使…冒風險(或面臨危險)

常用短語：risksth/doingsth冒…什么危險/冒險做某事

如：Heriskedwalkingaloneinthedark.

riskn.危險，冒險

常用短語：atrisk在危險中run/taketheriskofdoingsth.冒險做某事

如；We'dbetternotruntheriskofcatchingacoldbywalkingwithoutanumbrellaintherain.

7：Justasthesavingcoes.(P75)正如諺語所說。

(1)as用法小結

1)作連詞，引導方式狀語從句，意為“像；按照如：

YoumustdoeverythingasIaskedyouto.

2)作介詞，表示“作為；當作“。如:

Asapartymember,Imusthestrictwithmyself.

3)作連詞，引導時間狀語從句。意為“當……的時候”。如；

Shesingsasshewalks.

4)用于一些固定搭配。如：aswellas同(一樣也)；和；還

OnSunday,hislandladyprovideddinneraswellasbreakfast.

(2)saying諺語

常見的諺語有：

DoasRomansdoinRome.入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。

Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.患難見真情。

Nopains,nogains.不勞無獲。

Bumthecandlesatbothends.操勞過度。

Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.早起的鳥兒有蟲吃。

Itneverrainsbutitpours.不雨則已,一雨傾盆。

Itrainscatsanddogs.大雨磅礴。

Manyhandsmakelightwork.眾人拾柴火焰高。

Everydoghasitsday.人人都有得意日。

Putallyoureggsinonebasket.孤注一擲。

Thegrassisalwaysgreenerthantheotherside.這山看著那ill高。

Seeingisbelieving.眼見為實。

Actionspeakslouderthanwords.行動勝過語言。

Eastorwest,homeisthebest.金窩銀窩不如自家草窩。

Likeandlikemakegoodfriends.趣味相投。

It'snevertoooldtolearn.活到老，學到老。

Practicemakesperfect.熟能生巧。

Easiersaidthandone.說起來容易做起來難。

Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.有志者事竟成。

8：Otherwise,youwillbeetiredout.(P75)否則，你將會筋疲力盡。

tiredadj.累的，疲倦的(指人)：tiringadj.令人累的,令人疲倦的(指物)。

常用短語：betiredof對…感到厭倦；betiredwith因…而疲勞。如：

Iamtiredoflivingaboard.

Iamtiredwithclimbingthatsteephill.

9：conclusion(P76)結論

conclusionn.結論;結局；斷定，決定;推論;復數(shù)：conclusions

concludev.下結論。如：

10：Thepurposeofthetalkistoteachstudentsrulesforeating.(P77)講座的目的是教學生吃飯的規(guī)矩。

此處的toteach放在is的后面，做表語。動詞不定式還可以放在名詞的后面做后置定語。如：

Ihavealotofhomeworktodo.

11：Aboveall,whenyouaresiltingalthetable,youshouldnotstarteatinguntileveryoneisready.(P77)

最重要的是，當你做在飯桌旁，你不應該開飯直到每個人都準備好。

aboveall最重要的是,如：Aboveall,itneedsawisedecision.一般放在句首,后面加逗號”

其他all短語：inall總計afterall畢竟firstofall首先

atthetable在桌子旁

有些名詞前用冠詞或不用冠詞，其意義有所不同。如:

①attable在吃飯；atthetable在桌子旁

②inclass在上課；intheclass在班級中

③gotoschool去上學；gototheschool到那所學校去

④gotobed上床睡覺；gotothebed到床那邊去

⑤infrontof在…的前面;inthefrontof在…的前部

12：Theserulesareimportantbecauseweshouldmakesurethatbothguestsandhostsarefoilableatthetable.(P77)

這些規(guī)矩很重要，因為我們應該確?？腿撕椭魅嗽谧雷优远己苁娣?/p>

makesure用法

Makesureofhisingbeforeyousetoff.

Imakesure(that)hewoulde.

過語法

enoughto的用法

4tbe+adj./adv.+enoughtodosth.”結構常用來描述一個人的個性、品格和能力。該結構可以用so...that句型進

行替換。如：

Heisstrongenoughtocarrytheheavystonc.=Heissostrongthathecancarrytheheavystone.

他夠強壯能搬起這塊很重的石頭。

enough在句中可以作狀語、定語和表語。如：

Thehouseisnotbigenoughforus.這房子對我們來說不夠大。（作狀語）

Haveyougolenoughmoney?你的錢夠嗎?（作定語）

Sixbottlesshouldbeenough.六瓶應該夠了。（作表語）

too...to的用法

英語中too...lo結構的基本形式是“betoo+adj./adv.（fbrsb.）+todosth"，意為“（對某人來說）太...而不

能……”，它在形式上是肯定的，但在意義上是否定的。使用該結構時，應注意以下幾點：

1.當主語本身是動詞不定式的邏輯賓語時，不定式后不接賓語。此時的不定式如果是不及物動詞，動詞之

后應加上適當?shù)慕樵~，這時的主語就變成了介詞的賓語。如：

Thewaterintheglassistoohottodrink.

杯子內(nèi)的水太熱了不能喝。（drink是及物動詞，Ihewater是drink的邏輯賓語）

Thehouseistoooldtolivein.

這房子太舊了不能?。╨ive是不及物動詞，其后須接介詞，thehouse是in的邏輯賓語）

2.當主語不是不定式的邏輯賓語，而不定式是及物動詞時，動詞之后要接賓語。如：

Thehallistoosmalltoholdsomanystudents.會堂太小了不能容納這么多學生。

3.動詞不定式之前可以帶邏輯主語，表示不定式動作的執(zhí)行者，常用forsb.。如：

Thehouseistooexpensiveforhimtobuy.對他來說這房子太貴了，買不起。

4.如果在too之前加上not或never,該結構就不再有否定的意義，意為“永/絕不...做某事”。如：

Chineseisnottoodifficulttolearn.漢語絕不難學。

Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.活到老，學到老。

單項選擇

()I.—Doyouwanttokeepgoldfish?

一No,itisdifficulttakecareofthem.

A.so;thatB.not;enoughtoC.too;toD.such;that

()2.Heranandran,buthecouldn'truntocatchthebus.

A.sofastB.enoughfastC.toofastD.fastenough

()3.Heisappleswithus.

A.oldenoughpickingB.enougholdtopick

C.oldenoughtopickD.enougholdpicking

()4.TheChinesegirlHanMeimeicanspeakgoodEnglish.HerEnglishisthatofLucy.

A.aswell;aswellB.aswell;asgoodas

C.too;asgoodD.aswellas;aswellas

()5.1findittoworkoutthisproblem.Youneedn'tgototheteacher.

A.enougheasyB.easilyenoughC.easyenoughD.veryeasily

()6.Thestoneisheavyformetocarry.

A.tooB.veryC.soD.enough

()7.Theroomisthreedesks.

A.verybigtoholdB.bigenoughtohold

C.enoughbigtoholdD.loobigtohold

()8.—Mum,canIrideyournewmotorbiketovisitmyfriends?

一Sorry,baby.Ithinkyouareyoungrideit.

A.so;thatB.too;toC.enough;toD.too;that

()9.Theworkersarctoobusy,Theyhavetokeepworkingtilltheyfinishit.

A.havingarestB.nottohavearest

C.tohavearestD.thattheyhavearest

)10.Theoldmanwasangryaword.Hejuststoodthere,lookingathisson.

A.enough:tosayB.so;sayingC.very;tosayD.too;tosay

【答案】CDCBCABBCD

翻譯句子

1.我太興奮了，都沒法清楚地表達自己。

2.Peter太慢了，沒能寫下所有的重點。

3.Kitty忙于和他人交談沒有聽以致于收音機。

4.英國人太有禮貌了，不會在公共場合大聲笑。

5.Sandy夠細心能注意到她身邊的小變化。

6.Suzy太害羞了，沒能加入討論，

【答案】

1.1amtooexcitedtoexpresshimselfclearly.

2.Peterwastooslowtowritedownallthemainpoints.

3.Kittywastoobusytalkingwithotherstolistentotheradio.

4.Britishpeoplearetoopolitetolaughloudlyinpublic.

5.Sandyiscarefulenoughtonoticesmallchangesaroundher.

6.Suzywastooshytojoin(in)thediscussion.

重難點訓練

一、單詞拼寫

1.Myfathertoldmenotto(碰)thevaseinhisstudy.HesaiditwasmadeinQingDynasty.

2.A（諺語）isasentencethatpeopleoftensayandgiveadviceorinformationabouthumanlifeand

experience.

3.Keepworking（直至I］）youallcanworkthisproblemout.

4.（正如）youcansee,weareinneedoffoodanddrinknow.

5.Thesepagesaren'tintheir（適當?shù)模﹐rder.

6.We______（推）thepiano,bulitdidn'tmove.

7.Theladyshoutedas（大聲地）asshecould.

8.me,couldyoutellmethewaytothelibrary?

Sorry,I'mnewhere.Youmayasktheoldmansittingthere.

9.What'swrongwithyourleg?

Oh,Ihitarockby.Itreallyhurtmealot.

10.1heardpeopleinEnglanddriveontheleft.ShouldIdoastheydo?

Ofcourse.Rememberthat"WheninRome,doasthede".

【答案】

1.touch2.saying3.till/until4.As5.proper6.pushed7.loudly8.Excuse

9.accident10.Romans

二、單項選擇

（）1.1couldn'twalkveryfastbecausealotofpeoplewere.

A.inmywayB.inthiswayC.insomewayD.onmyway

（）2.Dotheygreeteachotherakiss?

A.byB.atC.withD.use

（）3.Mum'sbirthdayising.Whatwouldyoubuyforher?

I'mnotsure.Anyway,Iwillfind.

A.enoughgoodsomethingBsomethinggoodenough

C.somethingenoughgoodD.goodsomethingenough

（）4.1likemathsandshelikesmath.

A.eitherB.aswellasC.aswellD.sowell

（）5.Youarenewhere,?

Yes,I'mfromJiamusi.It'smyfirsttimeI'veWuxi.

A.aren'tyou;beentoB.don'tyou;beenIo

C.aren'tyou;beeninD.don'tyou;goneto

)6,I'msorryyou'vewaitedsolong,butthere*11besometimeBrangetsback

A.whenB.sinceC.tillD.after

)7.Motheroftentellsmetospeakinalow_______inpublic.

A.soundB.shoutC.screamD.voice

)8.Doyouthinkitwillraintomorrow?

.Becausefannersneedrainverymuch.

A.IthinksoB.IhopesoC.I'mafraidsoD.I'mafraidnot

【答案】15ACBCC68CDB

三、完形填空

NowmoreandmorepeoplewouldliketovisitTibet(西藏).Whatwouldyoudoifyougoto1aTibetan

fair.ily?Herearesometipsforyou.

First,whenyouare2thehouse,don'tsteponthedoorsill(門檻).Andwhenyoutalkwiththem,youmay

add"la"behindtheirnamestoshow3respect(尊重)andkindness.Remembernottotouchthetopofthe

headoftheTibetans.It'snot4.Then,iftheyaskyoutotakeaseat,youmay5crosslcggcd.Don'tletyour

soles(鞋底)touchothers.Tibetanpeoplearcfriendly.Duringthemeal,they6liketohaveadrinkwhenthey

havedinnerwithfriends.

FortheTibetans,stickingoutthetonguemeansexpressingtheirrespectfor7.Iftheyputtheirpalms(手掌)

together,it8thebestwishforyou.

Use9handstoreceivegifts.Hada,thewhitescarf,is(hesymbolofgoodluck.Presentingitisthe

greatestetiquette(禮節(jié))1()Tibetanpeople.Soyoushouldbend(彎)yourbodywhenreceivingit.

WishyouagoodtimeinaTibetanfamily.

()1.A.haveB.visitC.leaveD.see

()2.A.enteringB.buildingC.buyingD.enjoying

()3.A.itsB.ourC.yourD.wild

()4.A.strangeB.wildC.happyD.polite

()5.A.sitB.lieC.standD.run

()6.A.neverB.alwaysC.seldomD.still

()7.A.themB.otherC.anotherD.others

()8.A.callsB.asksC.meansD.joins.

()9.A.bothB.allC.noD.each

()10.A.acrossB.amongC.afterD.about

【答案】15BACDA610BDCAB

四、閱讀理解

Whenyoucoughorsneeze,pleaseturnyourheadawayfromothersandcoveryourmouthwiththefullpartof

yourhand.Afterwards,youshouldsay,"Excuseme.”ThisisaruleIsetfbrmystudents.

Itissosimple,butmanykidshaveneverbeentoldtodothis.Infact,Inoticeadultscoughandsneezeinpublic

withoutputtingahandoverthemouth.Ihatetravellingbysubway(地鐵)inNewYorkduringcoldandfluseason,

becauseitiscertain(hatsomeoneisgoingtostandrightbehindmeandcoughorsneezeonmyneck.

OneimportantthingIpointouttothekidsisthataftertheysneezeorcoughontheirhand,theyshouldwash

theirhandsassoonaspossible.Otherwise,theywillbepassingthosegerms(病菌)alongtoeverythingandeveryone

theytouch.

Inordertohelpthekidsrememberthisrule,Itellthemaboutanoldstory.Itsaysthatwhenyousneeze,evil

spiritsjumpintoyourbody.Ifyoudon'tcoveryourmouth,thespiritswillenter,butifyoucoveryourmouth,you

willkeepthemout,Wesay"Godblessyou"whensomeonesneezes,andinGermanyyoushouldsay"Gesundheit".

Thatmeans"Goodhealthtoyou."Bothexpressionsaresaidjustincaseyoudidn'tcoveryourmouthintimeandthe

spiritswereabletoenteryourbody.Thekidslovefindingouttheorigins(起源)oftheseexpressionsandit

encouragesthemtopultheadvicetcusemoreoften.

()1.Aftercoughingorsneezingontheirhand,studentsareadvisedto.

A.say"Godblessyou"B.washtheirhandsassoonaspossible

C.gotosecadoctorassoonaspossibleD.gohomeandhaveagoodrest

()2.Whatdocstheunderlineword"this"mean?

A.Don'tcoughorsneezeinfrontofpeople.

B.Don'tstandbesidesomeonewhocoughsorsneezes.

C.Manypeoplecoughorsneezeontheundergroundtrain..

D.Coveryourmouthwhencoughingorsneezingandsaysorry.

()3.Fromthepassagewecanknowthewriterofthisarticlemustbe.

A.areporterB.ateacherC.adoctorD.anofficer

()4.Accordingtothearticle,thewriterwouldlikethekids.

A.tobepolitetoadultsB.tobeinbetterhealth

C.tohavegoodmannersD.todowellinexams

【答案】14BDBC

五、翻譯句子

1.這些公共標志牌使我們遠離危險。

Thesekeepus.

2.行動勝于雄辯。Act沁nwords.

3.熟能生巧。.

4.剛才警察警告他們不要在街上踢足球。

Thepolicemanplayfootballinthestreetjustnow.

5.這次聚會的目的是為貧困學生籌款。

ispoorstudents.

【答案】

1publicsigns;fromdanger2speakslouderthan3Practicemakesperfect.

4warnedthemnotto5Thepurposeoftheparty;toraisemoneyfor

六、動詞填空

I.they(decide)whenandwhere(build)thenewfactory?

Notyet.

2.Mygrandpaisnotstrongenough(travel)aroundtheworldonhisown.

3.Youdon'tneedtodescribeher.I(meet)herseveraltimes.

4.Thiscake(smell)great,butIhavetoloseweight.

5.一Whyd