高一上學(xué)期工程革命與英語再思考試題第一部分聽力理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)短對(duì)話理解（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。Whatdoesthemanthinkaboutthenewbridgeconstruction?A.It'senvironmentallyfriendlyB.ItcoststoomuchmoneyC.ItwillsolvetrafficproblemsHowdoesthewomanfeelaboutlearningtechnicalEnglish?A.It'smoredifficultthangeneralEnglishB.It'seasierwithvisualaidsC.It'sunnecessaryforengineeringstudentsWhatisthemainadvantageof3Dprintingmentionedintheconversation?A.ReducingproductiontimeB.LoweringmaterialcostsC.ImprovingproductdesignWhydidtheengineeringteamfailtomeetthedeadline?A.LackofskilledworkersB.TechnicalproblemswithmachineryC.BadweatherconditionsWhatdoestheprofessorsuggestforunderstandingengineeringterminology?A.MemorizingwordlistsB.ReadingindustrymagazinesC.Practicingwithrealprojects第二節(jié)長對(duì)話與獨(dú)白（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?A.ThehistoryoftheIndustrialRevolutionB.ModernengineeringinnovationsC.FutureenergysolutionsAccordingtothespeakers,whichinventionhadthebiggestimpactontransportation?A.SteamengineB.ElectricmotorC.Internalcombustionengine聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatisthewoman'sjob?A.CivilengineerB.EnglishteacherC.TechnicaltranslatorWhydoesthewomanthinkEnglishisimportantforengineers?A.MostresearchpapersarepublishedinEnglishB.InternationalprojectsrequireEnglishcommunicationC.EngineeringsoftwareusesEnglishcommandsWhatadvicedoesthewomangivetoengineeringstudents?A.StudyabroadtoimproveEnglishB.JoinengineeringEnglishclubsC.Translatetechnicaldocumentsregularly聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatproblemarethespeakersdiscussing?A.EnvironmentalpollutionfromfactoriesB.StructuralissuesinabuildingprojectC.CommunicationbarriersininternationalteamsHowdidthelanguagebarrieraffecttheproject?A.Delayeddecision-makingB.IncorrectmaterialordersC.SafetyaccidentsonsiteWhatsolutiondothespeakerspropose?A.HiringprofessionalinterpretersB.ProvidinglanguagetrainingforteammembersC.Usingtranslationsoftwarefortechnicaldocuments聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whatisthemainfocusoftheengineeringconference?A.SustainabledevelopmentB.ArtificialintelligenceinengineeringC.RenewableenergytechnologiesHowmanycountriesarerepresentedattheconference?A.24B.36C.48Whatwillthenextsessionbeabout?A.SolarpowerinnovationsB.WindenergyefficiencyC.Hydroelectricdamdesign聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhendidthefirstIndustrialRevolutionbegin?A.17thcenturyB.18thcenturyC.19thcenturyWhatwasthekeymaterialofthefirstIndustrialRevolution?A.IronB.SteelC.AluminumHowdidtheinventionofthesteamenginechangemanufacturing?A.ItenabledmassproductionB.ItreducedlaborcostsC.ItimprovedproductqualityWhatisthemaindifferencebetweenthefirstandfourthIndustrialRevolutions?A.TheuseofdigitaltechnologiesB.ThefocusonglobalmarketsC.Theemphasisonsustainability第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)選擇題（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheIndustrialRevolution,whichbeganinBritaininthelate18thcentury,transformedtheworldinwaysthatstillaffectmodernengineering.Beforethisperiod,mostproductionwasdonebyhandinsmallworkshops.Theinventionofthesteamenginechangedeverything,allowingfactoriestobebuiltawayfromriversandpoweredbycoal.Thisledtothedevelopmentofnewmanufacturingprocessesandthegrowthofurbancenters.Oneofthemostsignificantengineeringachievementsofthiserawastheconstructionofrailways.Thefirstpublicrailway,theStockton&DarlingtonRailway,openedin1825anddemonstratedthepotentialofsteam-poweredtransportation.Bythemid-19thcentury,railwaynetworkshadspreadacrossEuropeandNorthAmerica,revolutionizingtradeandtravel.Engineersfacednumerouschallenges,includingdesigningtracksthatcouldwithstandheavylocomotivesandbuildingbridgesoverriversandvalleys.TheIndustrialRevolutionalsospurredadvancesincivilengineering.TheconstructionoftheThamesTunnelinLondon,completedin1843,wasaremarkablefeatofengineering.DesignedbyMarcIsambardBrunel,itwasthefirsttunneleverbuiltunderanavigableriver.WorkersusedarevolutionarytunnelingshieldinventedbyBrunel,whichprotectedthemfromcave-inswhilediggingthroughsoftsoil.ThisinnovationlaterinfluencedtheconstructionoftheLondonUndergroundandothersubwaysystemsaroundtheworld.Whatwasthemainadvantageofthesteamengineforfactories?A.ItreducedpollutionB.ItallowedfactoriestobelocatedanywhereC.ItrequiredlessmaintenanceD.ItproducedmoreenergythanwaterpowerWhywererailwaysimportantduringtheIndustrialRevolution?A.TheycreatedjobsforengineersB.TheymadeinternationaltravelpossibleC.TheyimprovedtradeandtransportationD.TheydemonstratednewengineeringtechniquesWhatwasspecialabouttheThamesTunnel?A.ItwasthelongesttunnelofitstimeB.ItwasthefirsttunnelunderanavigableriverC.ItusedelectricityforlightingD.ItconnectedtwocountriesBModernengineeringprojectsincreasinglyrequirecollaborationbetweeninternationalteams,makingEnglishthedefactolanguageoftheindustry.Engineersfromdifferentcountriesmustcommunicateeffectivelytoensureprojectsarecompletedsafelyandontime.Technicaldocuments,includingdesignspecifications,safetyregulations,andmaintenancemanuals,aretypicallywritteninEnglish,evenwhentheprojectisbasedinanon-Englishspeakingcountry.LearningtechnicalEnglishpresentsuniquechallengesforengineeringstudents.UnlikegeneralEnglish,technicallanguageispreciseandoftenincludesspecializedvocabulary.Forexample,theword"tolerance"hasadifferentmeaninginengineeringthanineverydaylanguage—itreferstotheallowablevariationinadimensionratherthanpatience.Understandingthesenuancesisessentialforaccuratecommunication.ManyuniversitiesnowoffercoursesinengineeringEnglishtohelpstudentsprepareforprofessionalcareers.Thesecoursesfocusonpracticalskills,suchaswritingtechnicalreports,givingpresentations,andparticipatinginmeetings.Studentslearntouseindustry-specificterminologyandpracticetranslatingtechnicalconceptsintoclear,conciselanguage.Role-playingexercisessimulatereal-worldscenarios,likeexplainingadesignflawtoaclientordiscussingsafetyprotocolswithaconstructionteam.WhyisEnglishimportantforinternationalengineeringteams?A.MostengineersspeakEnglishastheirfirstlanguageB.ItistheofficiallanguageofengineeringorganizationsC.ItfacilitatescommunicationbetweendifferentnationalitiesD.TechnicalwordsareeasiertotranslateintoEnglishWhatmakestechnicalEnglishdifferentfromgeneralEnglish?A.IthasmorecomplexgrammarrulesB.ItusesspecializedvocabularywithprecisemeaningsC.ItismoreformalintoneD.ItincludesmoreidiomaticexpressionsWhatdoengineeringEnglishcoursestypicallyfocuson?A.AcademicwritingforresearchpapersB.ConversationalskillsforsocialinteractionsC.PracticalcommunicationforprofessionalsettingsD.LiteraryanalysisoftechnicaltextsCTheFourthIndustrialRevolution,oftencalledIndustry4.0,istransformingengineeringthroughtheintegrationofdigitaltechnologies.Thisrevolutionbuildsonthepreviousthree—mechanization,electrification,andcomputerization—butaddsnewelementssuchasartificialintelligence,theInternetofThings(IoT),andbigdataanalytics.Thesetechnologiesarechanginghowengineersdesign,build,andmaintainsystems.OneareawhereIndustry4.0ishavingamajorimpactissmartmanufacturing.Factoriesarebecomingincreasinglyautomated,withrobotsworkingalongsidehumanworkers.Theserobotsareconnectedtoanetworkthatcollectsdatainrealtime,allowingforpredictivemaintenanceandqualitycontrol.Forexample,sensorsonaproductionlinecandetectwhenamachineislikelytofailandalertengineersbeforeabreakdownoccurs.Thisreducesdowntimeandimprovesefficiency.Anotherimportantdevelopmentistheuseofdigitaltwins—virtualreplicasofphysicalsystems.Engineerscancreateadigitaltwinofabuilding,bridge,ormachineandsimulatehowitwillperformunderdifferentconditions.Thisallowsforbetterdesigndecisionsandcanhelpidentifypotentialproblemsbeforeconstructionbegins.Digitaltwinsarealsousedfortrainingpurposes,lettingengineerspracticemaintenanceproceduresinasafevirtualenvironment.WhatdistinguishesIndustry4.0frompreviousindustrialrevolutions?A.TheuseofdigitaltechnologieslikeAIandIoTB.ThefocusonsustainabilityandrenewableenergyC.TheglobalizationofmanufacturingprocessesD.ThereplacementofhumanworkerswithrobotsHowdoesreal-timedatacollectionbenefitsmartmanufacturing?A.IteliminatestheneedforhumansupervisionB.ItallowsforpredictivemaintenanceC.ItreducesthecostofrawmaterialsD.ItspeedsupproductdevelopmentWhatisadigitaltwin?A.ArobotthatmimicshumanmovementsB.AvirtualcopyofaphysicalsystemC.AdatabaseoftechnicalspecificationsD.Asoftwareprogramfor3DmodelingDSustainableengineeringhasbecomeacriticalfocusinthe21stcenturyastheworldgrappleswithclimatechangeandresourcedepletion.Engineersaredevelopinginnovativesolutionstoreduceenvironmentalimpactwhilemeetingsocietalneeds.Thisincludesdesigningenergy-efficientbuildings,creatingrenewableenergysystems,anddevelopingsustainablematerials.Greenbuildingpracticesaimtominimizetheenvironmentalfootprintofconstructionprojects.Engineersusetechniquessuchaspassiveheatingandcooling,whichutilizenaturalsunlightandventilationtoreducetheneedforartificialclimatecontrol.Theyalsoincorporaterecycledmaterialsanddesignbuildingstobeeasilydeconstructedattheendoftheirlifespan,allowingcomponentstobereusedorrecycled.Renewableenergytechnologies,suchassolarpanelsandwindturbines,areanotherareaofrapiddevelopment.Engineersareworkingtoimprovetheefficiencyofthesesystemsandmakethemmoreaffordable.Forexample,advancesinbatterystorageallowsolarenergytobeusedwhenthesunisn'tshining,makingitamorereliablesourceofpower.Smartgridtechnologiesarealsobeingdevelopedtobettermanagethedistributionofrenewableenergy.Whatisthemaingoalofsustainableengineering?A.ToreducethecostofconstructionprojectsB.TominimizeenvironmentalimpactwhilemeetingneedsC.TodevelopnewtechnologiesforspaceexplorationD.ToimproveworkingconditionsforengineersHowdopassiveheatingandcoolingsystemswork?A.TheyusesolarpanelstogenerateelectricityB.TheyrelyonnaturalsunlightandventilationC.TheyusegeothermalenergyfromundergroundD.TheycirculatewaterthroughpipestoregulatetemperatureWhatadvancehasmadesolarenergymorereliable?A.MoreefficientsolarpanelsB.BetterbatterystoragesystemsC.LargerwindturbinestocomplementsolarpowerD.Governmentsubsidiesforrenewableenergy第二節(jié)七選五（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Engineeringandlanguagelearningmayseemlikeunrelatedfields,buttheyshareseveralkeyskillsthatbenefitstudents.Bothrequire33.__________,asengineersmustfollowprecisestepstosolveproblems,andlanguagelearnersneedtomastergrammarrulesandvocabulary.Additionally,bothdisciplinesemphasize34.__________—engineerstestdesignsthroughprototypes,whilelanguagelearnerspracticespeakingandwritingtoimprovetheirskills.Anothersimilarityistheimportanceof35.__________.Engineersoftenworkinteamstodesignandbuildprojects,justaslanguagelearnersbenefitfrompracticingwithothers.Collaborativeprojects,suchasdesigningasustainablecommunityorcreatingamultilingualtechnicalmanual,canhelpstudentsdevelopbothengineeringandlanguageabilitiessimultaneously.Finally,bothfieldsrequire36.__________toadapttonewchallenges.Engineeringstudentslearntoupdatetheirknowledgeasnewtechnologiesemerge,whilelanguagelearnersmustkeepupwithchangesinvocabularyandusage.Thisflexibilitypreparesstudentsforcareersinanincreasinglyglobalandrapidlychangingworld.Byintegratingengineeringandlanguageeducation,schoolscanprovidestudentswithamorecomprehensiveskillset.Forexample,aprojectthatinvolvesdesigningabridgeandwritingatechnicalreportinEnglishhelpsstudentsdevelop37.__________thatwillbevaluableintheirfuturecareers.A.criticalthinkingandproblem-solvingB.creativityandinnovationC.hands-onpracticeandexperimentationD.teamworkandcommunicationE.adaptabilityandlifelonglearningF.mathematicalandanalyticalskillsG.technicalexpertiseandlanguageproficiency第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Therelationshipbetweenengineeringandlanguageismoreconnectedthanmanypeoplerealize.Everyengineeringproject,fromdesigningasmartphonetobuildingaskyscraper,requiresclear38.__________toensuresuccess.Thisiswherelanguageskillsbecomeessential,asengineersmust39.__________complexideastocolleagues,clients,andthepublic.ConsiderthecaseoftheChannelTunnel,whichconnectsEnglandandFrance.Engineersfrombothcountriesfacedsignificant40.__________barriersduringtheproject.Frenchengineersusedmetricmeasurements,whiletheirBritishcounterpartsweremorefamiliarwithimperialunits.Misunderstandingsaboutunitsofmeasurementcouldhaveledtoserious41.__________,buttheteamovercamethischallengebycreatingasharedtechnicalvocabularyandusingtranslationsoftwareforimportantdocuments.Today,withtheriseofglobalengineeringfirms,theabilitytospeakEnglishfluentlyisoftena42.__________foremployment.Manycompaniesrequireengineerstowritereports,givepresentations,andparticipateinmeetingsinEnglish.Thosewhocannotcommunicateeffectivelymaymissoutoncareeropportunities,eveniftheyhavestrongtechnical43.__________.Engineeringstudentscanimprovetheirlanguageskillsbyincorporatingthemintotheirdailystudies.Forexample,readingengineeringjournalsinEnglishhelpsstudentslearnnewvocabularywhilestayingupdatedonindustry44.__________.Joiningadebateclubfocusedontechnicaltopicsallowsstudentstopracticeexplainingcomplexideasinaclear,45.__________manner.Evenwatchingengineeringdocumentarieswithsubtitlescanimprovelisteningcomprehensionandexposestudentstodifferentaccents.Thefutureofengineeringwillonlybecomemoreglobal,makinglanguageskillsevenmoreimportant.Asengineersworkoninternationalprojectstoaddressglobalchallengeslikeclimatechangeandurbanization,theabilityto46.__________acrosscultureswillbeessential.Bydevelopingbothtechnicalexpertiseandlanguageproficiency,studentscanpositionthemselvesasversatileprofessionalsreadytotackletheengineeringchallengesofthe21stcentury.A.communicationB.calculationC.innovationD.imaginationA.hideB.simplifyC.explainD.forgetA.culturalB.languageC.politicalD.financialA.discoveriesB.solutionsC.consequencesD.achievementsA.requirementB.suggestionC.preferenceD.possibilityA.knowledgeB.experienceC.equipmentD.toolsA.regulationsB.trendsC.salariesD.holidaysA.confusingB.convincingC.entertainingD.shockingA.travelB.competeC.collaborateD.trade第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheIndustrialRevolution,whichstartedinBritaininthe18thcentury,wasaperiodofgreatchangein47.__________weproducegoodsandliveourlives.Beforethisrevolution,mostpeoplelivedinruralareasandworkedonfarms.Withtheinventionofthesteamengine,factories48.__________(begin)toreplacehome-basedproduction,leadingtothegrowthofcities.Engineersplayedacrucialroleinthistransformation.Theydesignednewmachines49.__________couldproducegoodsmoreefficiently,suchasthespinningjennyandthepowerloominthetextileindustry.Theseinventionsreducedtheneedformanuallaborandincreasedproduction,makinggoodscheaperandmoreaccessibletothegeneralpopulation.Today,weareexperiencinganothermajorrevolutiondrivenbydigitaltechnology.Engineers50.__________(develop)artificialintelligencesystemsthatcananalyzedataandmakedecisions,while3Dprintingtechnologyallowsforthecreationofcomplexpartswithminimalwaste.Theseinnovationsarechangingnotonlyhowwemanufactureproducts51.__________alsohowwedesignanddistributethem.Aswithpreviousrevolutions,languagewillplayakeyroleinthistransformation.Engineersandscientistsfromaroundtheworldmustsharetheirknowledgeandcollaborateonprojects.English,astheinternationallanguageofscienceandtechnology,52.__________(continue)tobeessentialforcommunication.However,thereisalsoagrowingrecognitionoftheimportanceofmultilingualism,asprojectsinnon-Englishspeakingcountriesoftenrequireknowledgeoflocallanguages53.__________(ensure)culturalsensitivityandeffectivecommunicationwithlocalcommunities.Thefutureofengineeringliesintheabilitytocombinetechnicalexpertisewithstrongcommunicationskills.Studentswhostartdevelopingtheseskillsearly,throughcoursesthatintegrateengineeringandlanguagelearning,willbebetterpreparedforthech