2025年托?？荚囬喿x真題模擬模擬試卷：戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和平考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、選詞填空要求：仔細(xì)閱讀下面的短文，其中有10處空白，每處空白有6個(gè)選項(xiàng)，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇最佳選項(xiàng)，將選項(xiàng)字母填入答題卡相應(yīng)位置。做答時(shí)請(qǐng)注意，每個(gè)選項(xiàng)僅使用一次，且有2個(gè)選項(xiàng)為干擾項(xiàng)，不需要使用。閱讀下面的短文，完成1—10題。Thehumanracehasbeenshapedbyconflictandcooperationforthousandsofyears.1_________earlycivilizationsemerged,peoplebegantoformalliancesandengageinwarfaretoprotecttheirresourcesandexpandtheirterritories.Thesedynamicshavecontinuedtodefinehumanhistory,influencingeverythingfrompoliticalsystemstoculturaldevelopment.Thestudyofwarandpeacerequiresanunderstandingofboththedestructiveandconstructiveaspectsofhumaninteraction.2_________isevidentinthedevastatingimpactofwars,whichcanleadtolossoflife,economicinstability,andsocialupheaval.Yet,3_________cooperationhasalsodriventechnologicaladvancementsandtheestablishmentofinternationallaws.Theinterplaybetweenconflictandpeaceiscomplexandmultifaceted,makingitarichareaforacademicexploration.Historiansandsociologistshavelongexaminedhowtheseforceshaveshapedsocieties,whilepsychologistshaveinvestigatedthemotivationsbehindhumanaggressionandthepotentialforreconciliation.4_________themodernera,thenatureofwarhasevolved,withtechnologicaladvancementsleadingtonewformsofconflict,suchascyberwarfareanddronestrikes.Thesedevelopmentshaveraisedethicalquestionsaboutthelimitsofmilitaryinterventionandtheroleofinternationalorganizationsinmaintainingpeace.5_________thepursuitofpeaceremainsacentralgoalforhumanity,asitisessentialforcreatingasustainableandequitableworld.Environmentaldegradation,resourcescarcity,andideologicaldifferencescontinuetofuelconflicts,buttherearealsogrowingmovementsadvocatingfornonviolentsolutionsanddiplomaticresolutions.6_________thebalancebetweenwarandpeaceultimatelydependsonthechoiceswemakeasaglobalcommunity.7_________understandingthehistoricalcontextoftheseconflictscanhelpuslearnfrompastmistakesandworktowardamorepeacefulfuture.8_________theroleofeducationinpromotingpeacecannotbeoverstated,asitfosterscriticalthinkingandempathy,whichareessentialforresolvingdisputes.9_________theimpactofmediaonpublicperceptionofwarandpeaceissignificant,asitcaneitheramplifytensionsorinspirehopeforreconciliation.10_________thefutureofhumanityhingesonourabilitytoharnesscooperationoverconflict,tobuildbridgesratherthanwalls.A.SinceB.HoweverC.MoreoverD.DespiteE.WheneverF.BecauseG.AlthoughH.WhileI.ThusJ.NeverthelessK.InadditionL.Therefore二、閱讀理解要求：閱讀下面的短文，完成11—25題。每題有4個(gè)選項(xiàng)，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇最佳選項(xiàng)，將選項(xiàng)字母填入答題卡相應(yīng)位置。TheGreatWar,asitwasinitiallycalled,reshapedthegloballandscapeinwaysthatarestillfelttoday.Theconflict,whichlastedfrom1914to1918,involvedmanyoftheworld'sgreatpowersandleftmillionsdead.Thewarwasaturningpointinhistory,markingtheendofoldempiresandtheriseofnewones.Italsoledtosignificanttechnologicaladvancements,suchasthewidespreaduseoftanksandairplanesinwarfare.TheaftermathofthewarsawtheestablishmentoftheLeagueofNations,anearlyattemptatinternationalcooperationtopreventfutureconflicts.However,theLeague'seffectivenesswaslimited,andtensionscontinuedtobuildintheyearsleadinguptoWorldWarII.ThecausesoftheGreatWarwerecomplex,involvingamixofpolitical,economic,andsocialfactors.Nationalism,imperialism,andmilitarismwerekeydriversoftheconflict,ascountriessoughttoasserttheirdominanceandexpandtheirterritories.TheassassinationofArchdukeFranzFerdinandofAustria-Hungaryin1914isoftencitedastheimmediatetriggerforthewar,buttheunderlyingtensionshadbeenbuildingforyears.Thewaralsohighlightedthedevastatingimpactofmodernwarfare,withtrenchwarfareandchemicalweaponscausingimmensesuffering.Thehumancostofthewarwasstaggering,withentiregenerationslostintheconflict.Thewar'slegacyisstilldebatedtoday,withsomeviewingitasanecessaryeviltoendtyranny,whileothersseeitasapreventablecatastrophe.Thewar'simpactextendedbeyondthebattlefield,influencingart,literature,andphilosophyintheyearsthatfollowed.TheGreatWarsetthestageforthe20thcentury,shapingthepoliticalandsociallandscapeinwaysthatarestillrelevanttoday.Thewaralsoledtotheriseofnewideologies,suchascommunismandfascism,whichwouldgoontoshapethecourseofthe20thcentury.ThestudyoftheGreatWarisessentialforunderstandingthecomplexitiesofhumanconflictandtheimportanceofinternationalcooperation.Itservesasareminderofthehumancostofwarandtheneedtoworktowardamorepeacefulworld.11.WhatwasthemaincauseoftheGreatWar?A.TheassassinationofArchdukeFranzFerdinandB.Nationalism,imperialism,andmilitarismC.TheestablishmentoftheLeagueofNationsD.Thewidespreaduseoftanksandairplanes12.HowdidtheGreatWarchangethegloballandscape?A.ItledtotheriseofnewempiresB.ItcausedsignificanttechnologicaladvancementsC.ItestablishedtheLeagueofNationsD.Itresultedinthelossofmillionsoflives13.WhatwastheimmediatetriggerfortheGreatWar?A.TheassassinationofArchdukeFranzFerdinandB.ThebuildupofpoliticaltensionsC.TheestablishmentofinternationalcooperationD.Theuseofchemicalweapons14.WhatwasthelastingimpactoftheGreatWar?A.ItledtotheriseofnewideologiesB.ItcausedthecollapseofoldempiresC.Itinfluencedart,literature,andphilosophyD.Ithighlightedthedevastatingimpactofmodernwarfare15.WhyisthestudyoftheGreatWarimportanttoday?A.IthelpsusunderstandthecomplexitiesofhumanconflictB.ItremindsusofthehumancostofwarC.Itsetsthestageforthe20thcenturyD.Alloftheabove16.WhatroledidtheLeagueofNationsplayaftertheGreatWar?A.ItattemptedtopreventfutureconflictsB.ItledtotheriseofnewempiresC.ItcausedsignificanttechnologicaladvancementsD.Itresultedinthelossofmillionsoflives17.HowdidmodernwarfarechangeduringtheGreatWar?A.ItledtothewidespreaduseoftanksandairplanesB.ItcausedtheestablishmentoftheLeagueofNationsC.IthighlightedthedevastatingimpactoftrenchwarfareD.Itresultedinthelossofmillionsoflives18.WhatweretheunderlyingtensionsthatledtotheGreatWar?A.Nationalism,imperialism,andmilitarismB.TheassassinationofArchdukeFranzFerdinandC.TheestablishmentofinternationalcooperationD.Theuseofchemicalweapons19.HowdidtheGreatWarinfluenceart,literature,andphilosophy?A.ItledtotheriseofnewideologiesB.ItcausedthecollapseofoldempiresC.ItinspirednewformsofcreativeexpressionD.Ithighlightedthedevastatingimpactofmodernwarfare20.Whatisthemainmessageofthepassage?A.TheGreatWarwasanecessaryeviltoendtyrannyB.TheGreatWarwasapreventablecatastropheC.TheGreatWarsetthestageforthe20thcenturyD.TheGreatWarhighlightedthehumancostofwar21.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttheLeagueofNations?A.ItwaseffectiveinpreventingfutureconflictsB.ItwaslimitedinitseffectivenessC.ItledtotheriseofnewempiresD.Itcausedsignificanttechnologicaladvancements22.HowdidtheGreatWarchangethecourseofhistory?A.ItledtotheriseofnewideologiesB.ItcausedthecollapseofoldempiresC.ItestablishedtheLeagueofNationsD.Itresultedinthelossofmillionsoflives23.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthehumancostoftheGreatWar?A.ItwasanecessaryeviltoendtyrannyB.ItcausedimmensesufferingC.ItledtotheriseofnewideologiesD.Ithighlightedthedevastatingimpactofmodernwarfare24.HowdidtheGreatWarinfluencethe20thcentury?A.Itsetthestageforthe20thcenturyB.ItledtotheriseofnewideologiesC.ItcausedthecollapseofoldempiresD.Ithighlightedthehumancostofwar25.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttheimportanceofinternationalcooperation?A.ItisessentialforcreatingasustainableandequitableworldB.ItislimitedinitseffectivenessC.ItledtotheriseofnewempiresD.Itcausedsignificanttechnologicaladvancements三、句子匹配要求：下面有10個(gè)句子，分別對(duì)應(yīng)下面的10段文字，請(qǐng)將每個(gè)句子的序號(hào)與它對(duì)應(yīng)的文字序號(hào)匹配起來，將文字序號(hào)填入答題卡相應(yīng)位置。注意，每個(gè)句子和每段文字都只對(duì)應(yīng)一次。句子：1.Thepsychologicalimpactofwaronsoldiersandciviliansalikecanbeprofoundandlong-lasting.2.Theenvironmentalconsequencesofmodernwarfare,includingpollutionandhabitatdestruction,areoftenoverlooked.3.Theriseofnationalisminthelate19thcenturyplayedasignificantroleinthetensionsthatledtotheGreatWar.4.TheLeagueofNationswasestablishedwiththehopeofpreventingfuturewarsthroughdiplomaticmeans.5.TheuseofchemicalweaponsduringtheGreatWarmarkedanewandterrifyingerainthehistoryofwarfare.6.TheeconomicdevastationcausedbytheGreatWarledtosignificantpoliticalandsocialchangesintheaftermath.7.TheGreatWarsawthefirstlarge-scaleuseoftanksandairplanesincombat,revolutionizingmilitarytactics.8.Thewar'saftermathsawthecollapseofseveralmajorempires,includingtheAustro-HungarianandOttomanempires.9.TheassassinationofArchdukeFranzFerdinandin1914isoftencitedastheimmediatetriggerfortheGreatWar.10.TheGreatWarinspiredawaveofpacifistmovementsandanti-warsentimentintheyearsthatfollowed.段文字：A.Thepsychologicalimpactofwaronsoldiersandciviliansalikecanbeprofoundandlong-lasting,leadingtoconditionssuchasPTSDanddepression.B.Theenvironmentalconsequencesofmodernwarfare,includingpollutionandhabitatdestruction,canhavedevastatingeffectsonecosystemsandhumanhealth.C.Theriseofnationalisminthelate19thcentury,withitsemphasisonnationalidentityandsuperiority,fueledtensionsbetweencompetingpowers.D.TheLeagueofNations,establishedaftertheGreatWar,aimedtoprovideaforumforinternationaldialogueandcollectivesecuritytopreventfutureconflicts.E.TheuseofchemicalweaponsduringtheGreatWar,suchasmustardgas,introducedanewlevelofbrutalityandhorrortothebattlefield.F.TheeconomicdevastationcausedbytheGreatWar,withitsmassivecostsanddestruction,ledtoinflation,unemployment,andpoliticalinstability.G.TheGreatWarwitnessedthefirstlarge-scaleuseoftanksandairplanesincombat,changingthenatureofwarfareandmilitarystrategy.H.ThecollapseoftheAustro-Hungarian,Ottoman,German,andRussianempiresafterthewarredrewthemapofEuropeandtheworld.I.TheassassinationofArchdukeFranzFerdinandin1914byaSerbiannationalistiswidelyseenastheimmediatesparkthatignitedtheGreatWar.J.TheaftermathoftheGreatWarsawasurgeinpacifistmovementsandanti-warsentiment,aspeoplesoughttopreventsuchacatastrophefromeverhappeningagain.四、段落填空要求：閱讀下面的短文，其中有5處空白，每處空白有6個(gè)選項(xiàng)，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇最佳選項(xiàng)，將選項(xiàng)字母填入答題卡相應(yīng)位置。做答時(shí)請(qǐng)注意，每個(gè)選項(xiàng)僅使用一次，且有2個(gè)選項(xiàng)為干擾項(xiàng)，不需要使用。閱讀下面的短文，完成26—30題。TheColdWarwasaperiodofgeopoliticaltensionbetweentheSovietUnionandtheUnitedStatesandtheirrespectiveallies,whichlastedfromtheendofWorldWarIIin1945untiltheearly1990s.26_________thetwosuperpowersengagedinanucleararmsrace,eachattemptingtooutdotheotherintermsofmilitarymight.Thiscompetitionledtothedevelopmentofintercontinentalballisticmissilesandthestrategicbomberfleet,creatingastateofdeterrenceknownas"MutuallyAssuredDestruction."27_________theideologicaldividebetweencapitalismandcommunismshapedthegloballandscape,influencingthepoliticalalignmentsofnationsaroundtheworld.TheBerlinBlockadeandtheCubanMissileCrisisareamongthemostnotableeventsthathighlightedthedangersofthisconflict.28_________theUnitedStatesandtheSovietUnionsupportedopposingsidesinregionalconflicts,suchastheKoreanWarandtheVietnamWar,theColdWarspreaditsinfluencefarbeyondtheirborders.Theseproxywarsofteninvolvedviolentandprolongedconflicts,causingsignificanthumansuffering.29_________thespaceracewasakeyaspectoftheColdWar,withbothsuperpowersvyingforsupremacyinspaceexploration.ThelaunchofSputnikbytheSovietUnionin1957markedthebeginningofthespaceageandspurredtheUnitedStatestoaccelerateitsownspaceprogram.30_________theColdWareventuallyendedwiththecollapseoftheSovietUnionin1991,markingasignificantshiftinglobalpolitics.A.BecauseB.HoweverC.MoreoverD.DespiteE.WheneverF.AlthoughG.WhileH.InadditionI.ThusJ.NeverthelessK.IncontrastL.Therefore五、總結(jié)歸納要求：閱讀下面的短文，完成31—35題。每題有4個(gè)選項(xiàng)，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇最佳選項(xiàng)，將選項(xiàng)字母填入答題卡相應(yīng)位置。TheColdWarwasaperiodofgeopoliticaltensionbetweentheSovietUnionandtheUnitedStatesandtheirrespectiveallies,whichlastedfromtheendofWorldWarIIin1945untiltheearly1990s.Theideologicaldividebetweencapitalismandcommunismshapedthegloballandscape,influencingthepoliticalalignmentsofnationsaroundtheworld.TheUnitedStatesandtheSovietUnionengagedinanucleararmsrace,eachattemptingtooutdotheotherintermsofmilitarymight.Thiscompetitionledtothedevelopmentofintercontinentalballisticmissilesandthestrategicbomberfleet,creatingastateofdeterrenceknownas"MutuallyAssuredDestruction."TheBerlinBlockadeandtheCubanMissileCrisisareamongthemostnotableeventsthathighlightedthedangersofthisconflict.TheUnitedStatesandtheSovietUnionsupportedopposingsidesinregionalconflicts,suchastheKoreanWarandtheVietnamWar,theColdWarspreaditsinfluencefarbeyondtheirborders.Theseproxywarsofteninvolvedviolentandprolongedconflicts,causingsignificanthumansuffering.ThespaceracewasakeyaspectoftheColdWar,withbothsuperpowersvyingforsupremacyinspaceexploration.ThelaunchofSputnikbytheSovietUnionin1957markedthebeginningofthespaceageandspurredtheUnitedStatestoaccelerateitsownspaceprogram.TheColdWareventuallyendedwiththecollapseoftheSovietUnionin1991,markingasignificantshiftinglobalpolitics.Itleftalastinglegacyoninternationalrelations,technologicaladvancements,andtheglobalbalanceofpower.31.WhatwasthemaincauseoftheColdWar?A.TheideologicaldividebetweencapitalismandcommunismB.ThenucleararmsracebetweentheUnitedStatesandtheSovietUnionC.TheBerlinBlockadeandtheCubanMissileCrisisD.TheproxywarsinKoreaandVietnam32.Whatwasthesignificanceofthenucleararmsrace?A.ItledtothedevelopmentofintercontinentalballisticmissilesB.Itcreatedastateofdeterrenceknownas"MutuallyAssuredDestruction"C.ItcausedsignificanthumansufferinginproxywarsD.Itmarkedthebeginningofthespaceage33.WhatwerethemostnotableeventsoftheColdWar?A.TheBerlinBlockadeandtheCubanMissileCrisisB.TheKoreanWarandtheVietnamWarC.ThelaunchofSputnikbytheSovietUnionD.ThecollapseoftheSovietUnionin199134.WhatwastheimpactoftheColdWaronregionalconflicts?A.ItledtothespreadoftheColdWar'sinfluencefarbeyondthesuperpowers'bordersB.ItcausedviolentandprolongedconflictsinproxywarsC.ItinfluencedthepoliticalalignmentsofnationsaroundtheworldD.Itmarkedasignificantshiftinglobalpolitics35.WhatwasthelastinglegacyoftheColdWar?A.ItleftalastingimpactoninternationalrelationsB.ItinfluencedtechnologicaladvancementsC.ItaffectedtheglobalbalanceofpowerD.Alloftheabove本次試卷答案如下一、選詞填空1.A解析：空格前提到“earlycivilizationsemerged”，空格后提到“peoplebegantoformalliancesandengageinwarfare”，這里需要一個(gè)表示“自從”的連詞，since符合語境。2.G解析：空格前提到“destructiveandconstructiveaspects”，空格后提到“devastatingimpactofwars”，這里需要一個(gè)表示“然而”的連詞，although符合語境。3.B解析：空格前提到“devastatingimpactofwars”，空格后提到“cooperationhasalsodriventechnologicaladvancements”，這里需要一個(gè)表示“但是”的連詞，however符合語境。4.D解析：空格前提到“themodernera”，空格后提到“withtechnologicaladvancementsleadingtonewformsofconflict”，這里需要一個(gè)表示“盡管”的連詞，despite符合語境。5.E解析：空格前提到“thepursuitofpeaceremainsacentralgoal”，空格后提到“asitisessentialforcreatingasustainableandequitableworld”，這里需要一個(gè)表示“無論何時(shí)”的連詞，whenever符合語境。6.H解析：空格前提到“thebalancebetweenwarandpeaceultimatelydependsonthechoiceswemake”，空格后提到“asaglobalcommunity”，這里需要一個(gè)表示“因此”的連詞，therefore符合語境。7.F解析：空格前提到“thebalancebetweenwarandpeaceultimatelydependsonthechoiceswemake”，空格后提到“understandingthehistoricalcontextoftheseconflicts”，這里需要一個(gè)表示“因?yàn)椤钡倪B詞，because符合語境。8.I解析：空格前提到“theroleofeducationinpromotingpeacecannotbeoverstated”，空格后提到“asitfosterscriticalthinkingandempathy”，這里需要一個(gè)表示“因此”的連詞，thus符合語境。9.J解析：空格前提到“theimpactofmediaonpublicperceptionofwarandpeaceissignificant”，空格后提到“asitcaneitheramplifytensionsorinspirehopeforreconciliation”，這里需要一個(gè)表示“盡管如此”的連詞，nevertheless符合語境。10.L解析：空格前提到“thefutureofhumanityhingesonourabilitytoharnesscooperationoverconflict”，空格后提到“tobuildbridgesratherthanwalls”，這里需要一個(gè)表示“所以”的連詞，therefore符合語境。二、閱讀理解11.B解析：文章第二段提到“ThecausesoftheGreatWarwerecomplex,involvingamixofpolitical,economic,andsocialfactors.Nationalism,imperialism,andmilitarismwerekeydriversoftheconflict”，所以B選項(xiàng)是正確答案。12.B解析：文章第一段提到“TheGreatWar,asitwasinitiallycalled,reshapedthegloballandscapeinwaysthatarestillfelttoday.Theconflict,whichlastedfrom1914to1918,involvedmanyoftheworld'sgreatpowersandleftmillionsdead.Thewarwasaturningpointinhistory,markingtheendofoldempiresandtheriseofnewones.Italsoledtosignificanttechnologicaladvancements,suchasthewidespreaduseoftanksandairplanesinwarfare”，所以B選項(xiàng)是正確答案。13.A解析：文章第二段提到“TheassassinationofArchdukeFranzFerdinandofAustria-Hungaryin1914isoftencitedastheimmediatetriggerforthewar”，所以A選項(xiàng)是正確答案。14.A解析：文章最后一段提到“TheGreatWarsetthestageforthe20thcentury,shapingthepoliticalandsociallandscapeinwaysthatarestillrelevanttoday.Thewaralsoledtotheriseofnewideologies,suchascommunismandfascism,whichwouldgoontoshapethecourseofthe20thcentury”，所以A選項(xiàng)是正確答案。15.D解析：文章最后一段提到“ThestudyoftheGreatWarisessentialforunderstandingthecomplexitiesofhumanconflictandtheimportanceofinternationalcooperation.Itservesasareminderofthehumancostofwarandtheneedtoworktowardamorepeacefulworld”，所以D選項(xiàng)是正確答案。16.A解析：文章第四