第8講：Module4語法篇

語法：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法

一、提建議。

在英語中，我們可以用其他多種方式提出我們的建議或征求對方意見。

(1).用“Let'sdo...”來提出建議。如：Let'sgoforawalkaftersupper.

(2).用“What/Howabout…?”來提出建議；about后接名詞或動(dòng)詞ing形式。如：Whatabout/Howabouta

drink?Whatabout/HowabouttakingTomwithus?

(3).用“Whynot...?”來提出建議，表示“何不......"not面后接動(dòng)詞原形?！癢hynot...?”實(shí)際上是“Why

dorftyou/we…?”的簡略形式。如：Whynotmeetattheschoolgateateight?Whydorftwestayhere

anotherday?

(4).用“Wouldyoulike...?”來提出建議，意思是“你想要……嗎?”Wouldyoulike后可接名詞或不定式。

如：Wouldyoulikeacupoftea?Wouldyouliketogoandseeher?

因此，如果我們說：“去游泳好嗎?”英語中可有這樣幾種表達(dá)法：

Shallwegoforaswim?

Let*sgoforaswim,shallwe?

Whatabout/Howaboutgoingswimming?

Whynotgoforaswim?

Wouldyouliketogoforaswim?

Whatdoyouthinkofgoingforaswim?

二、語法：

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有can(could),may(might),must,haveto,shall(should,will(would),dare(dared),need

(needed),oughtto等。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞無人稱和數(shù)的變化；不能單獨(dú)使用，必須與其后的動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成謂

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語

1.can,could

1）表示能力（體力、知識(shí)、技能）。

可用beableto代替。Can只有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去式；而beableto則有更多的時(shí)態(tài)。

Filnotbeabletocomethisafternoon.

2）表示請求和允許。

-----CanIgonow?-----Yes,youcan./No,youcan't.

3）表示客觀可能性（客觀原因形成的能力）。

They'vechangedthetimetable,sowecangobybusinstead.

Thishallcanhold500peopleatleast.

4）表示推測（驚訝、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度），用于疑問句、否定句和感嘆句中。

Canthisbetrue?

2.may,might

1）表示請求和允許。mighttLmay語氣更委婉，而不是過去式。否定回答時(shí)可用can't

或mustn't,表示“不可以，禁止“。

1.——Might/MayIsmokeinthisroom?——No,youmustn't.

2.——May/MightItakethisbookoutoftheroom?

——Yes,youcan.（No,youcan't/mustn't.）

2）表示推測、可能性（不用于疑問句）。might不是過去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。

1.Hemay/mightbeverybusynow.

2.Yourmothermay/mightnotknowthetruth.

3.must,haveto

1）表示必須、必要。

Youmustcomeintime.

在回答引出的問句時(shí)，如果是否定的，不能用mustn't（禁止，不準(zhǔn)），而用needn't,don'thaveto（不

必）.

——Mustwehandinourexercisebookstoday?

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——Yes,youmust.——No,youdon'thaveto/youneedn't.

2）must是說話人的主觀看法，而haveto則強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要。Must只有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，haveto有更多

的時(shí)態(tài)形式。

1.Hisplayisn'tinteresting,Ireallymustgonow.

2.IhadtoworkwhenIwasyourage.

3）表示推測、可能性（只用于肯定的陳述句）

1.You'reTom'sgoodfriend,soyoumustknowwhathelikesbest.

2.Yourmothermustbewaitingforyounow.

1.（2019.河北省卷,31.1）—Dowehavetofinishourhomeworkthisafternoon?

一Yes,you.

A.mustB.canC.mayD.need

2.（2019湖南省婁底市5.1）—MustIbeinhospitalforaweek,Doctor?

-No,you_.Youcangobackhometomorrow.

A.mustn'tB.needn'tC.mustD.may

3.（2019湖南省婁底市7.1）—Whatdoyouthinkofthecake?

一Ilikeitverymuch.Ittastes_.

A.goodB.terribleC.wellD.bad

4.（2019.四川省自貢市31.1）—Mayweleavetheclassroomnow?

—No,you.Youtoleaveuntilthebellrings.

A.mustn't;areallowedB.can?t,aren,tsupposedC.needn't;aren,tallowed

5.manychildrenlikeKFC,Ithinkthey9dbettertrynottoeatittoooften.

A.BecauseB.WhenC.AlthoughD.If

基礎(chǔ)演練

1.（10山東省濰坊市）一IsJessicagivingusaspeechthisevening?

-No,itbeher.ShetoJapan.

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A.mustn't;hasgoneB.mustn't;hasbeenC.can't;hasgoneD.can't;hasbeen

2.（10.浙江省衢州市24.1）Boysandgirls.don'tforgetyourreport.Ittoday.

A.can'tfinishB.can'tbefinishedC.shouldfinishD.shouldbefinished

3.（10年上海市36.l）Isthisaphotoofyourdanguter?Shelooksinthepinkdress!

A.lovelyB.quietlyC.politelyD.happily

4.（10年上海）Everyonegothroughthesecuritycheck（安檢）whenenteringtheWorldExpoPark.

A.canB.mayC.mustD.ought

5.（10.湖南長沙）一MustIfinishmyhomeworkatschool?

—.Youcandoitathomeandhanditinnextweek.

A.Yes,youmustB.No,youneedn'tC.Yes,Ican

6.Marywantedtohelppeopleshebecameadoctor.

A.ifB.thatC.butD.so

7.ThiskindofcellphonealsoinChinanow.

A.must;produceB.can;beproducedC.must;beproducedD.can;produce

8.Thedirtywaterinthisrivermanyproblemsinthepasttenyears.

A.createsB.hascreatedC.iscreatingD.wascreating

9.Hefailedintheexamhewastoocareless.

A.whenB.becauseC.andD.But

10.Wehavebeengoodfriendswejoinedthesameping-pongteam.

A.afterB.beforeC.sinceD.until

n.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1.I'mverysurprised（meet）youinthesmallvillage.

2.Mypenwaslost.Icouldn'tseeit（somewhere）.

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3.ShewillvisittheBird'sNestassoonasshe(get)toBeijing.

4.I(will)flytothemoononedayinmyownspacecraft.

5.Don'tforget(write)touswhenyouarrive.

鞏固提高

I.單項(xiàng)選擇

1.(2019.江蘇省鹽城市3.1)Thedeskisnotdirty.Youcleanit.

A.mustn'tB.shouldn'tC.needn'tD.can't

2.(2019.四川省內(nèi)江市23.1)—WhatisyourmothergoingtodothisSaturday?

一I'mnotsure.Shegotoseemygrandmother.

A.canB.mustC.may

3.(2019山東省濰坊市20.l)Thecookiesgood.CouldIhavesomemore?

A.tasteB.smellC.feelD.sound

4.---Let*sgodancingtonight.---Sorry,I.Ihavetogotoameeting.

A.mustn'tB.maynotC.needn'tD.can't

5.John_cometoseeustonight,butheisn'tverysureyet.

A.mayB.CanC.hastoD.must

6.They_dowellintheexam.

A.canbeabletoB.beabletoC.canabletoD.areableto

7.-MayItakethisbookout?

-No,you___.

A.can'tB.maynotC.needn'tD.mustn't

8.You_goandseeadoctoratoncebecauseyou'regotafever.

A.canB.mustC.dareD.would

n.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1.Manyteenagersdon'tknowhow(look)afterthemselves.

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2.AssoonasIgetthere,I(call)you.

3.1thinkbasiclifeskills,suchas(cook)and(wash)clothesareespeciallyimportant.

4.Thegirlisas(tall)assheisbeautiful.

5.Yesterday,I(bum)thesoup.Itsmeltbad.

I.單項(xiàng)選擇

1.climbthetree.Itisdangerous.

A.Doesn'tB.NotC.Don'tD.Isn't

2.一MustIreturnthebooktomorrowmorning?—No,you.Youcankeepitlonger.

A.mustn'tB.can'tC.needn'tD.couldn't

3.一MustIfinishtheworktonight?-No,you____.Butyou_finishittomorrow.

A.can't;needB.mustn't;mayC.needn't;mustD.mustn't;can

4.-interestingthestorybookis!一Yes.Ihavereadittwice.

A.WhatB.WhatanC.HowD.Howan

5.Webelateforschool.

A.havetoB.don'thavetoC.hadbetternotD.hadbetternotto

6.一Whoissinginginthenextroom?

一ItbeLucy.Shelikessingingatthistime.

A.canB.mustC.mustn'tD.should

7.一Wouldyoulike?-No,I'vejusthadsomebread.

A.somethingtodrinkB.somethingtoeatC.anythingtodrinkD.anythingtoeat

IL.完形填空

ItwasSundayafternoon.MyyoungerbrotherandIwerealoneathome.Myparentswentforaparty

andaskedmetolookaftermyyoungerbrother.Iwasdoingmyhomeworkwhilemyyoungerbrotherwas

watchingTV.Suddenlythedoorbellrang.Ding-Dong!Myyoungerbrotherthoughtthatitwasourparents,

soheopenedthe1quickly.

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Atallmanwearingablackraincoatstoodoutside.Hesaidthathecametosellbooksandhe2

politely,t4Areyourparentsathome?”

Withoutthinking,myyoungerbrothersaid,"No."Thenthemanasked,t6Wouldyouliketo3some

storybooks?”Itoldhimwedidn'twanttobuy.WhenIwantedtoclosethedoor,hesuddenly

pushed（推）thedoorveryheavilyandcameintoourhouse.Hetookouta4andorderedmetotie（綁）up

myyoungerbrother'shandswitharope（繩子）.Itieduphishandsinaspecialwaysomyyoungerbrother

coulduntie5easily.Themanthentiedmyhandsupandlocked6ofusinthekitchen.Soon,he

wentupstairsto7money.Itaughtmyyoungerbrothertountietheropeonhishands.Hethenuntiedme.

Irushedtothetelephonetocallthepolice,8thelinewasdead.Thedoorswerealllockedfromthe

outside.Itwasluckythattheman9tolockthekitchenwindow.Sowegotoutofthehousethroughthe

kitchenwindowandwenttothe10payphonetocallthepolice.

Soonthepolicecametoourhouseandthemanwascaughtbythepolice.Bythattime,myparentshad

comehome.Wetoldthemthewholestory.Myparentswerehappythatwewerenothurt.Theytoldusthat

weshouldn'topenthedoortostrangers.Welearntalessononsafety.

1.A.windowB.doorC.bookD.TV

2.A.askedB.askC.answeredD.answer

3.A.lendB.borrowC.sellD.buy

4.A.kissB.knifec.giftD.pen

5.A.himselfB.itselfC.herselfD.themselves

6.A.mostB.someC.bothD.all

7.A.lookatB.lookafterC.looklikeD.lookfor

8.A.andB.soC.orD.but

9.A.wantedB.likedC.forgotD.tried

10.A.farthestB.nearestC.largestD.smallest

I.單項(xiàng)選擇

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1.Cars,busesandbikesstopwhenthetrafficlightsarered.

A.canB.mustC.mayD.need

2.Youworryabouthim.Hewillgetwellsoon.

A.needn'tB.can'tC.mustn'tD.maynot

3.SusanbeherenowbecauseshehasjustgonetoNewYork.

A.mustn'tB.can*tC.needn*tD.maynot

4.—Mum,mustIdomyhomeworknow?

---No,you.Youcandoitaftersupper.

A.mustn'tB.can'tC.shouldn'tD.needn't

5.Whenadriverseesthesign"STOP"，hestop.Hegoon.

A.must;mustn'tB.mustn't;mustC.can;can*tD.can't;can

6.——Bob,mayIyourMP4?——Sure.Butyou'dbetternotittoothers.

A.lend;lendB.lend;borrowC.borrow;borrowD.borrow;lend

12.一Kate,I'mgoingonbusiness.Pleaselookafterwell.-Don'tworry,Mom.Iwill.

A.herselfB.myselfC.yourselfD.himself

13.一Doyouknow?-Yes,Ido.Hewentbyskateboarding!

A.whetherPaulwillgoornotB.whenwillPaulgototheparty

C.howPaulwenttothepartyD.howdidPaulgototheparty

14.1thinkdrinkingmilkisgoodourhealth.

A.forB.toC.w汕D.at

15.一Lookatthesign46Nosmoking!Yousmokehere.一OK..

A.can't;Iwon'tB.mustn't;IwillC.won't;Itdoesn'tmatterD.mustn't;Iwon't

II.閱讀理解

Jennywasastudentinmyclass.Shelivedinahappyfamily.Shehadthreesistersandshewasthe

youngest.Sheseemedtobeglued（粘合）tohermother'sskirts.Herthreeoldersisterstookthebustoschool

everymorning,butshewasalwaysdriventoschoolbyhermother.

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OneFriday,Jenny'smothersaidtome,“MyhusbandandIhavetobeawaytoEuropeonbusinessfor

twoweeks.IamveryworriedaboutJenny.Sheissoyoungandweak.Willyoupleasehelpmelookafter

herwhilewe'reaway?”

Asamotherofakid,Iknewhowworriedamotherwouldbeifshewasawayfromherchild.

“Don'tworry!I'lltrymybesttotakegoodcareofher,“Isaid.IevenvolunteeredtosaythatIwould

waitforJennyattheschoolgateeverymorningtogiveherafhmiliar（熟悉的）fhce.

OnthenextMondaymorning,IwaitedattheschoolgatetomeetJenny.Whenthebusarrived,Jenny

andherthreesistersgotitoff.Iwassurprisedtoseeahappygirl,notasad,tearfulgirl.IcalledJennyover

toaskherhowthebusridewent."Veryinteresting!”shesaid,“Ialwayswantedtotakeabuswithmy

sisters,butMomwasalwaystogetherwithme.Youseethereisn'tanybabyinourfamilynow.Icantakea

buswithoutMom.Fmnolongerakid.”

1.HowmanypeoplewerethereinJenny'sfamily?

A.Three.B.Four.

C.Five.D.Six.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartmeaninthefirstparagraph?

A.Jennylikedhermother'sskirts.

B.Jenny'smotherlikedJennybest.

C.Jennystayedwithhermotherallthetime.

D.Jennyworeaskirtwhichwassimilarto（與..相彳以）hermother's.

3.Jenny5smotherwantedthewritertowhileshewasaway.

A.beseriouswithJenny

B.giveJennymoreattention

C.pickupJennyeveryday

D.meetJennyattheschoolgateeveryday

4.Whatdoyouknowfromthepassage?

A.Jenny'smotherwouldgotoEuropeforatrip.

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B.Jennywenttoschoolwithhersisterseveryday.

C.Thewriterhasasonoradaughter.

D.ThewriterdroveJennytoschoolwhenJenny'smotherwasaway.

in.詞匯運(yùn)用

（I）根據(jù)句意及首字母或漢語提示完成單詞（5分）

1.Lotsofparegettingonthebus,anditlook