Unit3Celebration語法篇

1、掌握一般現在時，一般過去時，一般將來時，過去將來時，現在進行時，過去進行時，現在完成

時，過去完成時及其被動語態(tài)的用法。

2、掌握情態(tài)動詞must,haveto,can,could及oughtto的用法。

一，被動語態(tài)

1.被動語態(tài)的概念：當句子的主語是動作的承受者時，謂語的形式叫做被動語態(tài)。

2.被動語態(tài)的構成：助動詞be（或get）+過去分詞，助動詞be（或get）有時態(tài)，人稱和數的變化。

3.被動語態(tài)的形式：

一般現在時：am/is/aredone

一般過去時：was/weredone

一般將來時：will/shallbedone

過去將來時：wouldbedone

現在進行時：am/is/arebeingdone

過去進彳亍時：was/werebeingdone

現在完成時：has/havebeendone

過去完成時：hadbeendone

經典例句：

@Fastfoodisservedhere.這兒賣快餐。

②Thenewfilmwillbeshownnextweek.這部新電影將會在下周放映。

③Theconcerthasbeenputofftillnextweek.音樂會已經被推遲到下周了。

4.何種情況下使用被動語態(tài):

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當不知道或沒有必要說出動作的執(zhí)行者，或者動作本身更為重要時，動詞使用被動語態(tài)。

例：ToomuchbookshavebeenwrittenabouttheSecondWorldWar.關于第二次世界大戰(zhàn)的書太多了。

5.主動形式表被動意義：

①系動詞look,sound,feel,smell,taste等+形容詞構成系表結構：

Steelfeelscold.鋼摸起來很涼。

②表示主語的某種屬性特征的動詞，如read,write,wash,sell,wear,cook,lock,shut,open,dry,drink等,

這類動詞一般不單獨使用，常有副詞修飾：

Theclothwasheswell.這種布料好洗。

③表示開始，結束，運動的動詞，如：begin,start,end,finish,close,stop,move,run

Workbeginsat7o9clockinthemorning.早上7點開始工作。

二，情態(tài)動詞

1.haveto/don'thaveto不得不/不必

haveto表示“不得不”，指在客觀條件下不得不去做某事；否定式don'thaveto表示“沒必要，不必”,

有時態(tài)和人稱的變化。

易混辨析：

①must:表示“必須，應該”，語氣強烈。

②回答帶有must的問句時，否定回答常用needn't或don^haveto,表示“不必”，而mustn't的含義

是“禁止，不準”。

③表示有把握的推測，意為“一定，準是"，常用于肯定句。

④譯為“偏要…，非要…不可。常表達說話人抱怨的口氣。

例：①Hehadtoworkhardtosupportthefamily.他不得不努力工作來養(yǎng)家。（客觀需要）

②Youdon'thavetogotoschoolatonce.你不必馬上去上學。

@Youmustbehungryafteralongwalk.走了很長一段路，你一定餓了。（肯定推測）

2.can/can't能/不能

can,could（can的過去式）的用法:

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can:①表能力（現在）

②表客觀或理論上的可能性

③表請求和允許

④表推測，常用于否定句和疑問句，can比could語氣強

⑤cannot...too/enough無論...也不過分，越...越好

?cannotbutdo不得不（=havetodo）

could:①表能力（過去）

②表推測，常用于否定句和疑問句，比can語氣弱

③表請求和允許。用在疑問句時比can語氣委婉，不表過去。

例：①Anexperiencedteachercanalsomakemistakes.一個有經驗的老師也可能犯錯誤。（客觀可能性）

@Hecan^beourmanager.HehasgonetoBeijing.他不可能是我的經理。他去北京了。（否定推測）

3.oughtto/oughtnotto應該/不應該

表示說話者認為“應該做/不應該做”；也表示說話者根據一定的依據進行推測，譯為“按道理

說應該/不應該”。其后跟動詞原形，疑問式是把。ught提到主語前。

oughtto作為情態(tài)動詞，經?？疾榕c其不定式的完成時搭配的用法，即：oughttohavedone=

shouldhavedone,表示“本應該做了某事而實際沒有'，oughtn'ttohavedone=shouldn'thavedone,

表示“本不應該做某事而實際做了”。

Needn戈表示某一動作不必要做，而oughtnotto表示某一動作是錯誤的，與shouldn比類似，但

語氣更強。

例：①Heoughttobemorecarefulnexttime.下次他應該更小心才是。

②Sheoughtnottoletoutthesecret.她不該泄露這個秘密。

@Youneedn^goforhim;hehascomehere.你沒必要去找他；他已經來了。

例1.Thelettersforthebossonhisdeskbuthedidn'treadthemuntilthreedayslater.

A.wereput

B.wasput

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C.put

D.hasput

例2.Shakespeare'splayHamletintoatleasttendifferentfilmsoverthepastyears.

A.hadbeenmade

B.wasmade

C.hasbeenmade

D.wouldbemade

例3.Youbuyagift,butyoucanifyouwanttodo.

A.must

B.mustn't

C.haveto

D.don'thaveto

例4.（2019北京通州高三一模）Fredhadtohavehiscarrepairedinagaragebecauseitseriously.

A.damaged

B.hadbeendamaged

C.wasbeingdamaged

D.haddamaged

例5.（2019北京豐臺高三第一學期期末）Juggingfromhisaccent,hebefromAustralia.

A.needn't

B.mustn't

C.can't

D.wouldn't

基礎演練

一，根據句意，在空白處填入恰當的詞或用括號內的詞的正確形式填空。

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1.AMidsummerNighfsDream(open)attheTheatreRoyalon19thJune,andthentours

throughoutScotland.

2.——Hi,Smith,canIborrowthemeetingroomupstairsthisafternoon?

一Sorry.It(paint).

3.SomeresearchersbelievethatthereisnodoubtthatacureforAIDS(find).

4.Ifnothing(do),theoceanswillturnintofishdeserts.

5.WhenIwasachild,IwatchTVwheneverIwantedto.

6.Harryisfeelinguncomfortable.He(drink)toomuchatthepartylastnight.

7.一Whyareyoureyessored?Youhavesleptwelllastnight.

——Yeah,Istayeduplatewritingareport.

8.wegototheMcDonald?I'msickofthefoodthere.

9.Holidayshoppingbeatiringexperience.Therearesomanyplacestovisitandchoicesto

make.

10.—MustItakeabus?

—No,you.Youcantakeawalkhere.

鞏固提高

單項選擇。

1.Sincenobodygavehimanyhelp,hehavedonetheresearchonhisown.

A.canB.mustC.wouldD.need

2.Hesleep,althoughhetriedto,whenhegotonsuchahuntforanideauntilhehadcaughtit.

A.wouldn'tB.shouldn'tC.couldn'tD.mustn't

3.Whyitgetcolderwhenweclimbupamountain?Wearegettingnearertothesun!

A.oughttoB.wouldC.shouldD.must

4.Ifhehadstarredatnineo9clock,hehavebeeninLondonbyeleveno'clock.

A.MustB.mayC.oughttoD.hasto

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5.一YoumustbeveryexcitedaboutgoingtoLondonforfurtherstudy.

一,butIamafraidIwon'tdowellbecausemyEnglishispoor.

A.FmsorryB.Certainlynot

C.Idon'tknowyetD.Well,Ioughttobe

單項選擇。

1.Thethiefwasreportedmorethan$50,000fromthemillionaire.

A.tostealB.tobestealingC.tohavestolenD.tobestolen

2.一WhatwillyoudonextSunday?

一Maybedosomeshopping,forIgotoschoolonSunday.

A.mustn'tB.shouldn'tC.don'thavetoD.hadbetternot

3.Ifyouyourselftothejobinhand,you'llsoonfinishit.

A.requestB.appealC.applyD.claim

4.Maryaprofessorforhalfayear.

A.hasmarriedB.marriedwithC.marriedD.hasbeenmarriedto

5.Jennyisalwaysabsentfromschool,_Isupposeiswhysheiscriticizednowandthen.

A.whichB.whoC.thatD.what

6.一Excuseme,istheshopopenaroundtheclock?

一.Onlyfrom8:00am.to4:00pm.

A.Fmnotsure.B.Well,itdepends.

C.Thafsright.D.Tmafraidnot.

7.一Ifsagoodidea.Butwho'sgoingtotheplan?

一IthinkTomandGreywill.

A.setasideB.carryoutC.takeinD.getthrough

8.一Helen,willyoubeatthepartytonight?

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一I'msorry,butIhavesomuchhomeworktodothatIreally.

A.won'tB.can'tC.mustn'tD.shouldn't

9.Somepre-schoolchildrengotoadaycarecentre,_theylearnsimplegamesandsongs.

A.thenB.thereC.whichD.where

10.inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.

A.DressedB.TodressC.DressingD.Havingdressed

11.Herwayofsmilingleftagoodimpressiononme.

A.successfulB.particularC.usualD.peaceful

12.Nodecision_aboutanyfutureappointment（任命）untilallthecandidates（候選人）havebeen

interviewed.

A.willbemadeB.ismadeC.isbeingD.hasbeenmade

13.（2019北京101中學高三測試）IwilljointheschoolsingingclubaslongasIfindsparetime.

A.willB.mightC.shouldD.can

14.（2019W匕京M頁義高三——模）Everyonethinksthatthesamequestionsagainonthisyear'soral

test.

A.willaskB.haveaskedC.willbeaskedD.havebeenasked

15.（2019北京順義高三一模）Youngchildrenundertheageoffourbeinachildsafetyseatwhile

takingacar.

A.mustB.mayC.canD.will

一，完形填空。

Robisonwasbominaverypoorfamily.Atseven,hehadtopickcalinadesertedmine,thenhe1

whathehadpickedandearnedafewcoinstohelphisparents.Hehad2schooling.3sopoor,howcould

theypayfortheeducation?

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Whenhewasfifteen,heworked4_aservantinaschool,lookingatotherchildrenstudyinginthe

classroom,hefelt5forhimself.Howhewishedtohavethesamechance.He6tostudybyhimself.Inthe

daytimeafterthesweepingandcleaningwasover,he7standbythewindowoutsidetheclassroomtrying

to8whattheteachersaid.Atnight,hetriedhisbesttoremember9hehadlearnedduringtheday.He

worked10hardatthelessonsthathesometimeshadjustthreeorfourhours'jj_.Themorehelearned,the

12hewantedtolearn.

Amathteacher13himandcametolikethisdiligent（亥U苦）boyandj_4himtositatthebackofthe

class.In15exam,hewastheoneinthewholeschoolwhoreachedthe16grade.

Robisonwentonforsixyearsj/7hisstudyofmathandwroteseveralarticleswhichdrewtheattention

ofsomeuniversityprofessors.Theyappreciated（欣賞）histalentandhisdiligence.18himthebetterchance

theyemployedhimasalibrarianand19himfreeguidance.Robisonwasfilledwithjoy.Frohefeltthat

beforehimtherewasabroadroadleadingto20.

1.A.burnedB.gaveC.sentD.sold

2.A.anyB.lessC.noD.small

3.A.BecauseB.AsC.ForD.Being

4A.likeB.asC.forD.at

5A.sorryB.angryC.disappointedD.interesting

6.A.wishedB.wantedC.decidedD.considered

7.A.wouldB.shouldC.couldD.might

8.A.doB.catchC.listentoD.hear

9.A.whenB.allC.thatD.which

10A.suchB.tooC.soD.very

11A.studyB.sleepC.workD.time

12.A.betterB.harde