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（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AOrganizationsdesigncoursestohelpyoulearnnewskillsorimproveyourcurrentskillset.Here’rethebestcourseprovidersof2024.CodecademyItprovidesinformationtechnology(IT)andothertechnicaluserswithcoursesincodingandothersoftwareengineeringareas.Youcanchoosefromseveralsubscriptionplansorchooseafreeoptiontoexplorethewebsite’scoursecollection.MemriseIt’sawebsiteandanapplicationcreatedtohelpyoulearnanotherlanguage.It’sfreetouseandoffersupto23languagestopursue.Itaimstoworkondevelopingyourlong-termmemorytosupportyourlearningjourneyandmakeitmoreeffective.Additionally,itprovidesvideoexamplesofindividualsusingthelanguage’stermsandphrasesineverydaylife.PluralsightIt’sapaidsubscriptionsitebutoffersafreetrial,soyoucantryafewclassestodetermineifitfitsyourneeds.YoucantakeaSkillIQassessmenttoknowyourskilllevelsandhelpyoudetermineaplantoimproveyourabilities.Itemployscertifiedexpertsasthecourseinstructors,whichbenefitsyouasalearner.AlisonIt’safreelearningplatformofferingclasses,includingfieldssuchaspersonaldevelopment,health,language,financeandscience.Itofferslearnerstheflexibilityoftakingthecoursesanywhereandanytime,souserscanfititintotheirschedule.Andtheplatformisforindividualswithvariousskilllevels,frombeginnertoexpert.Additionally,thesitehastwotypesofcourses,allowingyoutochoosebetweenearningacertificateorgettingadiploma.21.WhichismostlikelytobethecourseprovidedonCodecademy?A.ComputerScience. B.DrawingforBeginners.C.AdvancedParentingSkills. D.CivilEngineering.22.Whichwebsiteinvitesspecialiststoassistthelearners?A.Codecademy. B.Pluralsight. C.Alison. D.Memrise.23.WhatisspecialaboutAlison’scourses?A.Theyaredesignedforadults. B.Theyrequirelearnerstopay.C.Theyoffernocertificates. D.Theyareself-paced.【答案】21.A22.B23.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四個(gè)提供在線課程的網(wǎng)站?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Codecademy部分“Itprovidesinformationtechnology(IT)andothertechnicaluserswithcoursesincodingandothersoftwareengineeringareas.(它為信息技術(shù)和其他技術(shù)用戶提供編碼和其他軟件工程領(lǐng)域的課程)”可知，Codecademy網(wǎng)站最有可能會(huì)有計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)的課程。故選A?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Pluralsight部分“Itemployscertifiedexpertsasthecourseinstructors,whichbenefitsyouasalearner.(它聘請(qǐng)認(rèn)證專家作為課程講師，這有利于你作為一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)者。)”可知，該網(wǎng)站會(huì)邀請(qǐng)專家?guī)椭鷮W(xué)員。故選B?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Alison部分“Itofferslearnerstheflexibilityoftakingthecoursesanywhereandanytime,souserscanfititintotheirschedule.(它為學(xué)習(xí)者提供了隨時(shí)隨地學(xué)習(xí)課程的靈活性，因此用戶可以將其納入他們的時(shí)間表)”可知，該網(wǎng)站的學(xué)員可以根據(jù)自己的時(shí)間靈活學(xué)習(xí)。故選D。BInher17yearsonthisearth,ShreyaaVenkathasdonemoretohelptheplanetandthepeoplelivingonitthanmanyadults.Thenon-profitorganizationshefounded,NEST4US,hashelpedtensofthousandsofpeopleintheUnitedStates.Throughit,it’sservedover12,000homelesspeopleintheWashington,D.C.areabyprovidingfoodandothersupplies.Venkat’spassionforhelpingothersstartedassoonasshecouldwalk,asherparents,activevolunteersthemselves,broughtheralongontheirvariousprojects,likesomecreativewaystovolunteer.Byfifthgrade,she’ddevelopedsuchenthusiasmforitthatshestartedorganizingherownserviceprojectsinhercommunity.NEST4USwasbornwhensherealizedhowmuchfoodwastethereis,howmanyhungrypeoplethereare,andhowsimpleitwouldbetousetheformertohelpthelatter.“TherewasahomelessmanstandingonacornerinD.C.andhewasholdingasignthatsaid‘HungryNeedFood’,”sherecalls.“SoIgavehimmylunchandhiswholefacejustlitup.Itwassoeasy,itonlytookme30seconds,anditreallyhelpedhim.”AsNEST4UStookoff,withhundredsofvolunteershelpingtofeedthousandsofhungrypeople,Venkatdecidedtobranchoutwithhervolunteerefforts,startingthreeotherbranchesofNEST4US.Servingothershadbecomesuchawayoflifeforherthatsheevencelebratedher13thbirthdayatahomelessshelter,bringingthepartytotheminsteadofexpectinggiftsforherself.Asmuchasshehashelpedothers,they’vehelpedhertoo.NotonlydoesshegetalotofjoyandpersonalsatisfactionfromhervolunteerworkbutrunningNEST4UShastaughtherimportantlifeskillsliketimemanagement,publicspeaking,writing,andleadership.“Whatit’sreallygivenmeisthisopinionofputtingotherpeoplefirst,”shesays.24.WhatcanweinferaboutNEST4USfromthefirstparagraph?A.Itsmainaimistomakemoney. B.Itofferspeoplecheapsupplies.C.Ittakesinallhomelesspeople. D.Itisacharityorganization.25.WhatcausedVenkattosetupNEST4US?A.Herparents’constantsuggestion. B.Thememoryofherhardchildhood.C.Herexperienceofhelpingahungryman. D.Volunteers’greatinfluenceonher.26.WhydidVenkatspendher13thbirthdayatahomelessshelter?A.Sheheldagrandpartyformanypeople.B.Shecouldreceivemanynicegiftsthere.C.Shegotmuchpersonalsatisfactionfromit.D.Shesawhelpingothersaspartofherlife.27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesShreyaaVenkat?A.Caring. B.Ambitious.C.Humorous. D.Demanding.【答案】24.D25.C26.D27.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了從小受父母影響就樂(lè)于助人的ShreyaaVenkat長(zhǎng)大后建立了名為NEST4US的慈善組織，為華盛頓的流浪人士提供食物和生活用品。【24題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thenon-profitorganizationshefounded,NEST4US,hashelpedtensofthousandsofpeopleintheUnitedStates.Throughit,it’sservedover12,000homelesspeopleintheWashington,D.C.areabyprovidingfoodandothersupplies.”可知，NEST4US這個(gè)組織是非盈利的，主要給華盛頓的流浪人士提供食物和必需品，顯然是一個(gè)慈善組織。故選D項(xiàng)。【25題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“NEST4USwasbornwhensherealizedhowmuchfoodwastethereis,howmanyhungrypeoplethereare,andhowsimpleitwouldbetousetheformertohelpthelatter.”和Venkat自述的內(nèi)容可知，就是通過(guò)幫助一個(gè)流浪漢吃到飯的經(jīng)歷，讓她意識(shí)到有很多饑餓的人需要接濟(jì)，從而產(chǎn)生了建立自己的慈善組織的想法。故選C項(xiàng)。【26題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Servingothershadbecomesuchawayoflifeforherthatsheevencelebratedher13thbirthdayatahomelessshelter,bringingthepartytotheminsteadofexpectinggiftsforherself.”可知，為他人服務(wù)已經(jīng)成了Venkat的生活方式，因此她才會(huì)在生日那天仍然奔忙在幫助別人的路上，與D選項(xiàng)描述相符。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Servingothershadbecomesuchawayoflifeforherthatsheevencelebratedher13thbirthdayatahomelessshelter,bringingthepartytotheminsteadofexpectinggiftsforherself.”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，Venkat專注于慈善事業(yè)，熱衷于幫助他人，她是一個(gè)善良、富有同情心的人，與A選項(xiàng)最相符。故選A項(xiàng)。C“Help!”“Landhere!”“Conserveresources!”“Getoff!”“Myfruitsarereadytoeat!”Thesearejustsomeofthemanymessagesweknowplantscansend.Toreacttotheenvironment,asingleplantmustcommunicateamongitsroots,stems,leaves,flowers,andfruits.Insteadofsignalsmovingthroughanervoussystemlikeours,SimonGilroy,aprofessorofbotanyatUniversityofWisconsin-Madison,saysinplants,it’smorelikeplumbing(管路系統(tǒng)).Electricalsignalstravelthroughthemovementofchemicalsinthosetubes,explainsCourtneyJahn,abiologistwhostudiesplantinteractions.Forexample,rootscandetectdroughtandtellleavestolimittranspiration(蒸騰作用)andconservewater.Researcherscanobservethiselectricalcommunicationbyplacingdevicesintwodifferentplacesonaplant.We’veevenmadeinstrumentsthatcantranslatethatelectricchargeintosoundswecanhear.Ifaplantiswounded,electricalsignalscomeoutofthatwound,Gilroysays.Andplantscanpasstheseelectricalsignalsbetweenindividualsiftheyaretouching.Researchersfoundthatwithspecialmicrophonesthatdetectbatcalls,youcanhearplants,too.Theyarelisteningtothesesoundstofindnewmethodstodiagnose,treat,andmonitorplantswithouttouchingthem.Ashumans,wemaynotbeabletonaturallyhearthem,butwecanoftensmellplantmessages.Whengrassiscut,itreleaseschemicals—asignalofaskingforhelp.Thissmellysignalbelongstoagroupofchemicalscalledvolatiles,whichcantravelfarasgasesbothaboveandbelowground.Eachplantspecieshastheirownspecialvolatilecompounds.NataliaDudareva,biochemistatPurdueUniversity,saysthesevolatilecompoundshavemanydifferentfunctions.Volatilescandrawinpollinators(傳粉昆蟲(chóng))whenaflowerisready,andevendirectthemtoflowers,whilesomearesentfromleavestodeteranimalsthatfeedononlyplants.So,nexttimeyouwalkonsomegrassorpickaflower,rememberthatthepoorinjuredplantmightbescreamingouttoitsneighbours.28.WhyistheexamplegiveninParagraph2?A.Toclarifyhowchemicalstravelinaplant. B.Todescribehowrootsofaplantworkwell.C.Toconfirmaplanthasanervoussystem. D.Toshowaplantcancommunicateinternally.29.Howdoplantspasselectricalsignalstoothers?A.Byusingtheirwounds. B.Bytouchingeachother.C.Bydetectingelectriccharge. D.Bychangingthemintosounds.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deter”inParagraph4mean?A.Preserve. B.Attract. C.Driveaway. D.Turnto.31.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheSecretLanguageofPlants B.TheIncrediblePowerofNatureC.TheValueofInteractingwithWildlife D.TheTrickofGettingAlongwithNature【答案】28.D29.B30.C31.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文屬于說(shuō)明文。文章通過(guò)介紹植物如何通過(guò)電信號(hào)、化學(xué)物質(zhì)（如揮發(fā)性化合物）進(jìn)行內(nèi)部溝通及對(duì)外界環(huán)境和其他生物的反應(yīng)，揭示了植物間復(fù)雜的通信方式。【28題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章第二段“Toreacttotheenvironment,asingleplantmustcommunicateamongitsroots,stems,leaves,flowers,andfruits.Insteadofsignalsmovingthroughanervoussystemlikeours,SimonGilroy,aprofessorofbotanyatUniversityofWisconsin-Madison,saysinplants,it’smorelikeplumbing(管路系統(tǒng)).Electricalsignalstravelthroughthemovementofchemicalsinthosetubes,explainsCourtneyJahn,abiologistwhostudiesplantinteractions.Forexample,rootscandetectdroughtandtellleavestolimittranspiration(蒸騰作用)andconservewater.(為了對(duì)環(huán)境做出反應(yīng)，一株植物必須在它的根、莖、葉、花和果實(shí)之間進(jìn)行交流。威斯康星大學(xué)麥迪遜分校植物學(xué)教授西蒙·吉爾羅伊說(shuō)，與我們的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)不同，植物的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)更像是管路系統(tǒng)。研究植物相互作用的生物學(xué)家考特尼·揚(yáng)解釋說(shuō)，電信號(hào)通過(guò)這些管道中化學(xué)物質(zhì)的運(yùn)動(dòng)傳播。例如，根可以探測(cè)干旱，并告訴葉子限制蒸騰作用和保存水分。)”可知，植物的根可以檢測(cè)到干旱并告訴葉子限制蒸騰作用以保存水分，說(shuō)明這個(gè)例子是為了展示植物內(nèi)部可以進(jìn)行溝通。故選D?！?9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段中的“Andplantscanpasstheseelectricalsignalsbetweenindividualsiftheyaretouching.(如果植物相互接觸，它們可以在個(gè)體之間傳遞這些電信號(hào)。)”可知，植物通過(guò)相互接觸來(lái)傳遞電信號(hào)。故選B?！?0題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。由文章第四段中的“animalsthatfeedononlyplants(以植物為食的動(dòng)物)”可知，這些揮發(fā)性化合物中有一些是從葉子中釋放出來(lái)以阻止只吃植物的動(dòng)物的，因此deter在這里的意思應(yīng)該是“驅(qū)趕”。A.Preserve保存；B.Attract吸引；C.Driveaway驅(qū)趕；D.Turnto轉(zhuǎn)向。故選C。【31題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第一段““Help!”“Landhere!”“Conserveresources!”“Getoff!”“Myfruitsarereadytoeat!”Thesearejustsomeofthemanymessagesweknowplantscansend.(“救命！“在這兒降落！”“節(jié)約資源！”“走開(kāi)！”“我的水果可以吃了!”這些只是我們知道植物可以傳遞的許多信息中的一部分。)”可知，文章主要講述了植物如何通過(guò)電信號(hào)、化學(xué)物質(zhì)等進(jìn)行內(nèi)部及外部的溝通，因此最合適的標(biāo)題是關(guān)于植物的交流方式，即選項(xiàng)A“TheSecretLanguageofPlants(植物的秘密語(yǔ)言)”。故選A。DEverybookstoreinBeijingusedtohaveamassivefictionroompiledtotheceilingwithgreatbooks.Thesedays,you’reaslikelyasnottofindthatthoseroomshavebeenshrunkdowntothesizeofasolitary(單獨(dú)的)tablethicklycoveredwiththelatestreleasesandbest-sellingnovels.This,however,begsthequestion:Isfictiondyingout,orisprintmediafinallydefeatedbyitselectronicandaudiocopyopponents?NowthatKindleisleavingChina,somesaythatmaybepeoplewillgetbacktotraditionalreading.Idoubtit,however.Thisdownward-readingtrendhasbeenevidentforalongtimenow.WhenJeffBezosfirstlaunchedKindle,SteveJobsfromApplesaiditwouldfailbecause“peopledon’treadanymore.Itdoesn’tmatterhowgoodorbadtheproductis.”ButIdon’tthinkreadingitselfisdying.Itismerelybecomingmorefunctional—inotherwords,somethingyouhavetodoinordertogetsomepracticalbenefits.Gonearethedayswhenpeoplejustreadforfun.Whylumber(迫使擔(dān)負(fù))throughamustyoldbookwhenyoucanwatchanactionmovieorplayavideogame?Ofcourse,peopleknowthatthesearepoorsubstitutes（替代品）foragoodbook.Infact,thereisnothingbetterthangettinglostinagreatbook.IrememberreadingShackleton,theBritishpolarexplorer,whenIwasaboy.Afterturningoverthelastleafofthisextraordinaryadventure,IfeltasifI,too,hadjustbeentotheSouthPoleandback.Thisimaginaryachievementtranslatedintoasenseofconfidencewhichmusthavebeeninfectious,assoonafterwardsallofmyfriendswerethemselvespickingupbookstoreadforfun.Psychologistssaythatyouaretheaverageofthefivefriendsyousurroundyourselfwith.Wecanlearnfromthemandtheycanalsocometohaveaprofoundeffectonourownhabitsandmindset.Inthisway,abook,too,canbeamentor(導(dǎo)師).Theideas,advice,mindset,andexperiencesofotherpeoplelivinginothertimescangettransmittedtousdownthroughthepagesofagoodbook.Intheageoffragmentedinformation,thewinnerswillbethosewhocanstayfocused.However,inaworldthateasilygetsdistracted,deepreadingseemstobegettingfurtherawayfromus.OurbiggestproblemisnotKindle’sdeparturefromChina,butourowndeparturefromreality.Greatbookstransmituniversaltruths;getthemread.Howexactlyyoudosoisuptoyou.32.TheauthormentionedKindleinthetextto_______.A.praiseitsconvenienceandpopularityinreadingB.explorethereasonforthedeclineofprintmediaC.highlightthedecreasingtrendoftraditionalreadingD.showourregretforitsdeparturefromChina’smarket33.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutShackletonaccordingtothepassage?A.Heisfamousforimaginarywriting. B.Hefindsnothingbetterthananoldbook.C.HevisitedtheSouthPolemanytimeshimself. D.Hisadventurestoryinfluencedtheauthoralot.34.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Weshouldreadmoreinordertoescapefromreality.B.WehavetoacceptthefactthatKindleisleavingChina.C.It’snecessarytofindbettersubstitutesforbookslikeKindle.D.Weneedtofacetherealitythatreadingisbecominglesspopular.35.Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Todiscussthefuturetrendofreading. B.Toadvocatethebenefitsofreading.C.Toanalyzethereasonsforthedeclineofreading. D.Tocomparedifferentformsofreading.【答案】32.C33.D34.D35.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章借北京書(shū)店小說(shuō)區(qū)縮小現(xiàn)象，指?jìng)鹘y(tǒng)閱讀趨勢(shì)下降，強(qiáng)調(diào)閱讀功能化同時(shí)，以自身經(jīng)歷證書(shū)籍價(jià)值，呼吁讀好書(shū)。【32題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“NowthatKindleisleavingChina,somesaythatmaybepeoplewillgetbacktotraditionalreading.Idoubtit,however.Thisdownward-readingtrendhasbeenevidentforalongtimenow.(現(xiàn)在Kindle離開(kāi)了中國(guó)，有人說(shuō)也許人們會(huì)回到傳統(tǒng)的閱讀方式。然而，我對(duì)此表示懷疑。這種下降趨勢(shì)已經(jīng)持續(xù)了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。)”可知，作者提到Kindle即將離開(kāi)中國(guó)，有人認(rèn)為人們會(huì)回歸傳統(tǒng)閱讀，但作者表示懷疑，并且指出閱讀量下降的趨勢(shì)早已明顯。所以作者提及Kindle是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)傳統(tǒng)閱讀量下降的趨勢(shì)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“IrememberreadingShackleton,theBritishpolarexplorer,whenIwasaboy.Afterturningoverthelastleafofthisextraordinaryadventure,IfeltasifI,too,hadjustbeentotheSouthPoleandback.Thisimaginaryachievementtranslatedintoasenseofconfidencewhichmusthavebeeninfectious,assoonafterwardsallofmyfriendswerethemselvespickingupbookstoreadforfun.(我記得小時(shí)候讀過(guò)英國(guó)極地探險(xiǎn)家Shackleton的書(shū)。在翻過(guò)這次非凡冒險(xiǎn)的最后一頁(yè)后，我覺(jué)得自己也剛剛?cè)ミ^(guò)南極并返回了。這種想象中的成就轉(zhuǎn)化為一種自信，這種自信一定很有感染力，因?yàn)椴痪弥螅宜械呐笥讯甲约耗闷饡?shū)來(lái)讀，找樂(lè)子。)”可知，作者讀了關(guān)于Shackleton的書(shū)后，感覺(jué)自己仿佛去了南極又回來(lái)，并且這種想象中的成就轉(zhuǎn)化為自信，還影響了朋友們開(kāi)始讀書(shū)。這說(shuō)明Shackleton的冒險(xiǎn)故事對(duì)作者影響很大。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“However,inaworldthateasilygetsdistracted,deepreadingseemstobegettingfurtherawayfromus.OurbiggestproblemisnotKindle’sdeparturefromChina,butourowndeparturefromreality.(然而，在一個(gè)容易分心的世界里，深度閱讀似乎離我們?cè)絹?lái)越遠(yuǎn)。我們最大的問(wèn)題不是Kindle離開(kāi)中國(guó)，而是我們自己脫離了現(xiàn)實(shí)。)”意思是在這個(gè)容易分心的世界里，深度閱讀似乎離我們?cè)絹?lái)越遠(yuǎn)，我們最大的問(wèn)題不是Kindle離開(kāi)中國(guó)，而是我們自己遠(yuǎn)離了現(xiàn)實(shí)。這表明我們需要面對(duì)閱讀變得不那么流行的現(xiàn)實(shí)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，作者在文中講述了閱讀量下降的趨勢(shì)，但也強(qiáng)調(diào)了閱讀的好處，如通過(guò)讀關(guān)于Shackleton的書(shū)獲得自信，還提到一本書(shū)可以像導(dǎo)師一樣，偉大的書(shū)籍傳遞普遍真理等。所以作者寫(xiě)這篇文章的主要目的是倡導(dǎo)閱讀的益處。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Inordertosurviveintheworldwithchallenges,weneedtobewise.____36____Letmetellyouthis,wisdomprovidesuswithideaswhenweneeditanditcalmsusdowninterriblesituations.Herearesomestrategiesthatwecanusetogetwiser.____37____Thiswillopenupasmanyasnewpathwaysforus.Neverbaseyourideasonthemostpopularopinionorwhichisthemostcomfortableforyou.Trainyourmindtobeajudgment-freespaceforideas.Ifyouarehumble,thenyouwillalwaysgettoexperiencesomethingnew.Youmustbethekindofpersonwholearnssomethingneweveryday.Takenewclassesandreadnewbooks.____38____Thelistgoesonandon.Alloftheseactivitieswillhelpyoutotackleproblemsfromdifferentangles,makingeverythingeasier.Youobviouslywanttogrowanddobetterinlife,right?Thebestwayistohavewisepeopleasyourmentors(導(dǎo)師),liketeachers,colleaguesandevenspecialfriends.Priortomakingthemamentor,findoutwhatmakesthemwiser,thenengageinusefuldialoguewiththem.____39____Ifyouhaveaccumulatedalotofknowledge,thenwhynotshareitwithotherstoo?____40____intoday’sworld,itisveryeasytobecomewisebutitisn’teasytohelpothers.Sokeepthingsbalancedandneverletgoofyourpassionsandvalues.Thiswillpavethepathtosuccess.A.Whydowecommunicatewithwisepeople?B.Whyiswisdomcrucialinthismodernworld?C.Changeyourroutineandseewherelifetakesyou.D.SurftheInternetandclearoutyourproblemsthatconfuseyou.E.Sometimesweourselvesneedtobeopentodiverseideas.F.Themoretimeisspentwiththem,themoretransferofknowledgetherewillbe.G.Communicatingwithothersandhelpingthemoutwillalsoincreaseyourwisdom.【答案】36.B37.E38.D39.F40.G【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要就如何獲得人生智慧給出了建議，以此幫助讀者更好地面對(duì)充滿挑戰(zhàn)的世界以及生活中的困境。【36題詳析】根據(jù)空前的“Inordertosurviveintheworldwithchallenges,weneedtobewise.(為了在這個(gè)充滿挑戰(zhàn)的世界上生存，我們需要變得聰明)”以及后文“Letmetellyouthis,wisdomprovidesuswithperspectivewhenweneeditanditcalmsusdowninterriblesituations.(讓我告訴你，當(dāng)我們需要的時(shí)候，智慧會(huì)給我們提供視角，在糟糕的情況下，智慧會(huì)讓我們冷靜下來(lái))”可知，智慧對(duì)每個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)都是十分重要的，所以B項(xiàng)“為什么智慧在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)如此重要？”起到承上啟下的作用，引出下文介紹智慧的重要性的具體例子。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】設(shè)空處位于段首，是本段的中心句，根據(jù)后文“Thiswillopenupnewpathwaysforus.Neverbaseyourperspectiveonthemostpopularopinionorwhichisthemostcomfortableforyou.Trainyourmindtobeajudgment-freespaceforideas.Ifyouarehumble,thenyouwillalwaysgettoexperiencesomethingnew.(這將為我們開(kāi)辟新的道路。永遠(yuǎn)不要把你的觀點(diǎn)建立在最流行的觀點(diǎn)或?qū)δ銇?lái)說(shuō)最舒服的觀點(diǎn)上。訓(xùn)練你的大腦成為一個(gè)不受評(píng)判的思想空間。如果你是謙虛的，那么你總能體驗(yàn)到新的東西)”可知，本段主要介紹了我們應(yīng)學(xué)會(huì)接受不同的觀點(diǎn)，所以E項(xiàng)“有時(shí)候，我們自己也需要對(duì)不同的觀點(diǎn)持開(kāi)放態(tài)度”符合文意，下文This代指E項(xiàng)內(nèi)容。故選E項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】上文“Youmustbethekindofpersonwholearnssomethingneweveryday.Takenewclasses,readbooksandthelistgoesonandon.(你一定是那種每天都能學(xué)到新東西的人。參加新的課程，閱讀書(shū)籍，這樣的例子不勝枚舉)”指出了要每天學(xué)習(xí)新東西，并給出了具體例子，后文“Alloftheseactivitieswillhelpyoutotackleproblemsfromdifferentangles,makingeverythingeasier.(所有這些活動(dòng)將幫助你從不同的角度解決問(wèn)題，使一切變得更容易)”指出學(xué)習(xí)新東西等這些活動(dòng)的好處，由此可知，空處應(yīng)承接上文，同樣是列舉學(xué)習(xí)新事物的方式，D項(xiàng)“上網(wǎng)查一下，解決那些讓你困惑的問(wèn)題?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，下文中的“Alloftheseactivities”即指代前兩句話，且D項(xiàng)中的“clearoutyourproblems”與下文中的“tackleproblems”相呼應(yīng)。故選D項(xiàng)。【39題詳析】此處位于段尾，是對(duì)前文的總結(jié)，根據(jù)前文“Youobviouslywanttogrowanddobetterinlife,right?Thebestwayistohavewisepeopleasyourmentors(導(dǎo)師),liketeachers,colleaguesandevenspecialfriends.Priortomakingthemamentor,findoutwhatmakesthemwiser,thenengageinusefuldialoguewiththem.(你顯然想要成長(zhǎng)，想要在生活中做得更好，對(duì)嗎？最好的方法是找一些有智慧的人做你的導(dǎo)師，比如老師、同事，甚至是特別的朋友。在成為他們的導(dǎo)師之前，找出是什么讓他們更聰明，然后與他們進(jìn)行有益的對(duì)話)”可知，本段的主題為“以智者為師”，所以F項(xiàng)“與他們相處的時(shí)間越多，知識(shí)的傳遞就越多”與本段主題相符，且F項(xiàng)中的“them”與上文中的“them”相呼應(yīng)。故選F項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Ifyouhaveaccumulatedalotofknowledge,thenwhynotshareitwithotherstoo?(如果你積累了很多知識(shí)，那么為什么不與他人分享呢？)”可知，本段提出積累了很多知識(shí)后要與他人分享并積極幫助他人，所以G項(xiàng)“與他人交流并幫助他們也會(huì)增加你的智慧?！迸c本段主題相符，且G項(xiàng)中的“Communicatingwithothers”與上文中的“shareitwithothers”相呼應(yīng)。故選G項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Inmyearlythirties,IdecidedtoclimbMountKilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfricaat5,895metersabovesealevel.Aftermonthsofpreparation,Istartedmygreat___41___.Atthebaseofthemountain,ImetMik,alocalporter,whowarmly___42___me.Mik’sjobwastocarrymyequipmentupthemountain,setupthetent,andcarryeverythingbackdownafterreachingthe___43___.Thefirstdayoftheclimbwas___44___therainforest,acrossaslippery,muddygroundcoveredwithtreerootsandvines(藤蔓).Mikwascarrying30kilosonhishead!Bythatevening,wemadeitto3,000meters.Theairwas___45___anditwascolder.WhenIarrivedatthecampsiteforthenight,mytentwasalreadysetupandwaitingforme.Daytwowasmuchsteeperandrockier.Ireallyhadto___46___whatIwasdoing.AndIfeltguiltyforthetough___47___Mikhadtoworkin.YetwhenIturnedtoMik,hesaidwiththebiggestsmile,“pole,pole,”whichmeans“___48___,takeiteasy”inhisnativelanguage.I___49___back,myburdenlightersomehow.Overthenextfivedays,theclimbgot____50____difficult.Thetemperaturescould____51____from21℃tobelowfreezinginafewhours.At5,700meters,there’sonlyhalftheoxygen____52____ineachbreathcomparedtoatsealevel.Thatleavesmanypeoplewithsevereheadache.YetMikalwayshadasmileandapositiveattitude.Ithadanenormousimpactonme,givingmethe____53____tokeepgoing.Eventoday,whenIfindmyself____54____withanythinginlife,IjustthinkbacktoMikandhissmile.Agreatattitudecanbringjoytothosearoundyou,oreven____55____strangerstothetopofamountain.41.A.performance B.business C.presentation D.adventure42.A.questioned B.congratulated C.greeted D.invited43.A.base B.peak C.forest D.border44.A.outside B.beside C.through D.over45.A.thinner B.softer C.drier D.sweeter46.A.focuson B.turnon C.bringup D.breakup47.A.locations B.conditions C.atmosphere D.competition48.A.stop B.hurry C.relax D.move49.A.ran B.talked C.smiled D.rode50.A.slightly B.increasingly C.automatically D.equally51.A.swing B.circle C.climb D.last52.A.predictable B.available C.noticeable D.affordable53.A.impression B.platform C.opportunity D.strength54.A.cooperating B.struggling C.associating D.communicating55.A.persuade B.introduce C.motivate D.recommend【答案】41.D42.C43.B44.C45.A46.A47.B48.C49.C50.B51.A52.B53.D54.B55.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者攀登非洲最高峰乞力馬扎羅山的經(jīng)歷，并強(qiáng)調(diào)了保持積極態(tài)度的重要性?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過(guò)幾個(gè)月的準(zhǔn)備，我開(kāi)始了我偉大的冒險(xiǎn)。A.performance表現(xiàn)、表演；B.business生意；C.presentation介紹；D.adventure冒險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)上文“Inmyearlythirties,IdecidedtoclimbMountKilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfricaat5,895metersabovesealevel.”可知，作者決定攀登非洲最高峰，這自然是冒險(xiǎn)。故選D?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在山腳下，我遇到了當(dāng)?shù)氐陌徇\(yùn)工Mik，他熱情地和我打招呼。A.questioned質(zhì)疑；B.congratulated祝賀；C.greeted歡迎；D.invited邀請(qǐng)。根據(jù)“alocalporter”可知，Mik是搬運(yùn)工，那么自然在山腳迎接作者。故選C。【43題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Mik的工作是把我的設(shè)備搬上山，支好帳篷，到達(dá)山頂后再把所有東西搬下來(lái)。A.base底部、基地；B.peak頂峰；C.forest森林；D.border邊界。根據(jù)上文“Mik’sjobwastocarrymyequipmentupthemountain,setupthetent,andcarryeverythingbackdown”可知，Mik需要幫助作者把東西搬上去，然后到達(dá)山頂再卸下來(lái)。故選B。【44題詳析】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：攀爬的第一天要穿過(guò)熱帶雨林，穿過(guò)一片長(zhǎng)滿樹(shù)根和藤蔓的濕滑泥濘的地面。A.outside在……外；B.beside在……旁；C.through通過(guò)；D.over超越。根據(jù)空后的“therainforest,acrossaslippery,muddygroundcoveredwithtreerootsandvines.”可知，空處指的是“穿過(guò)”熱帶雨林，從內(nèi)部穿過(guò)，用介詞through。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：空氣更稀薄，也更冷。A.thinner更稀薄的；B.softer更軟的；C.drier更干燥的；D.sweeter更甜蜜的。根據(jù)前文“Bythatevening,wemadeitto3,000meters.”和常理可知，越往山上走，空氣越稀薄。故選A?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我必須專注于我正在做的事情。A.focuson專注于；B.turnon打開(kāi)；C.bringup提出；D.breakup分手。根據(jù)空前的“Daytwowasmuchsteeperandrockier.”可知，路很難走，所以作者得專注。故選A?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我對(duì)Mik不得不在這樣艱苦的條件下工作感到內(nèi)疚。A.locations方位；B.conditions條件；C.atmosphere氛圍；D.competition競(jìng)賽。根據(jù)上文“Daytwowasmuchsteeperandrockier”可知，作者是對(duì)于Mik不得不在這樣艱苦的條件下工作而感到內(nèi)疚。故選B。【48題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，當(dāng)我轉(zhuǎn)向Mik時(shí)，他面帶笑容地說(shuō)：“pole,pole”，在他的母語(yǔ)中，意思是“放松，放輕松”。A.stop停下；B.hurry急忙；C.relax放松；D.move移動(dòng)。根據(jù)空后的“takeiteasy”可推測(cè)，空處指的是放松。故選C。【49題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我也報(bào)以微笑，我的負(fù)擔(dān)不知怎么減輕了。A.ran跑；B.talked談?wù)?；C.smiled笑；D.rode騎行。根據(jù)上文“YetwhenIturnedtoMik,hesaidwiththebiggestsmile,”可知，Mik是在對(duì)著作者笑，因此空處指的是作者也對(duì)著Mik笑。故選C?！?0題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在接下來(lái)的五天里，攀登變得越來(lái)越困難。A.slightly稍微；B.increasingly逐漸地、越來(lái)越……；C.automatically自動(dòng)地；D.equally同樣地。根據(jù)“Thetemperaturescouldswingfrom21℃tobelowfreezinginafewhours.”和常識(shí)可知，越往上攀爬越困難。故選B。【51題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：幾小時(shí)內(nèi)，氣溫就會(huì)從21攝氏度降到冰點(diǎn)以下。A.swing搖擺；B.circle轉(zhuǎn)圈；C.climb爬；D.last持續(xù)。根據(jù)空后的“from21℃tobelowfreezinginafewhours.”可知，空處指的是氣溫的變化。故選A?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在海拔5700米的地方，每次呼吸所含的氧氣只有海平面的一半。A.predictable可預(yù)測(cè)的；B.available可利用的、可得到的；C.noticeable顯而易見(jiàn)的；D.affordable承擔(dān)得起的。根據(jù)空前“At5,700meters,there’sonlyhalftheoxygen”可知，空處指的是在海拔5700米的地方的氧氣含量只有海平面的一半。故選B?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它對(duì)我產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響，給了我繼續(xù)前進(jìn)的力量。A.impression印象；B.platform月臺(tái)、平臺(tái)；C.opportunity機(jī)會(huì)；D.strength力氣。根據(jù)下文“Agreatattitudecanbringjoytothosearoundyou,orevenstrangerstothetopofamountain.”可知，Mik積極的態(tài)度對(duì)作者有很大的影響，激勵(lì)作者前行，也就是給了作者前行的力量。故選D?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：即使在今天，當(dāng)我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在生活中掙扎時(shí)，我也會(huì)想起Mik和他的微笑。A.cooperating合作；B.struggling掙扎；C.associating聯(lián)系；D.communicating交流。根據(jù)下文“withanythinginlife,IjustthinkbacktoMikandhissmile”和上文內(nèi)容可知，作者爬山是冒險(xiǎn)，也就是在掙扎；由此可知，作者指的是即便在現(xiàn)在，只要作者很辛苦地掙扎時(shí)，作者都會(huì)想到Mik。故選B?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：良好的態(tài)度可以給你周圍的人帶來(lái)快樂(lè)，甚至可以激勵(lì)陌生人登上山頂。A.persuade勸服；B.introduce介紹；C.motivate激勵(lì)；D.recommend推薦。根據(jù)上文“Ithadanenormousimpactonme,givingmethetokeepgoing.”可知，Mik的態(tài)度一直激勵(lì)著作者繼續(xù)前行。故選C。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Towritehisownmedicaltext,LiShizhenreferencedover800medicaltexts,countlessbooksonhistoryandgeography,andworksofliterature.Heevenstudiedthecompleteworksofmanyancientpoets,from____56____heselectedasurprisingnumberofversesaboutmedicine.However,the____57____(great)issueheencounteredwasthewidespreadinconsistencyintheuseofdrugnames.Realisingtheimportanceoffieldresearchoutweighedthatofextensivereading,Litravelledfarandwideintothemountainsandwildernessin1565.Hecoveredwhataretoday’s____58____(province)ofHunan,Jiangxi,AnhuiandJiangsu,andmanyotherplaces.Afteroveradecadeoffieldresearch,Li____59____(successful)completedthefirstdraftofhismasterpiece,BencaoGangmu,ortheCompendiumofMateriaMedicain1578.Herevised____60____workatleastthreetimesrightupuntilhisdeathin1593.Sinceitsfirstpublicationin1596,thebook____61____(receive)world-widerecognition.BritishnaturalistCharlesDarwinacknowledgedthebook____62____an“ancientChineseencyclopedia.”In2011,thebook____63____(list)ontheUNESCOMemoryoftheWorldRegister.In2017,aninternationalconferencewasheldinBeijing____64____(celebrate