Ⅰ.閱讀單詞1.agonyn. 痛楚,苦難2.steamn. 蒸汽,水蒸氣3.lipn. (嘴)唇4.strategyn. 計(jì)謀,策略;行動(dòng)計(jì)劃5.boxingn. 拳擊(運(yùn)動(dòng))6.tangledadj. 糾結(jié)的;復(fù)雜的7.webn. 蜘蛛網(wǎng);錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的事物8.weavev. 編,織9.deceivev. 欺騙10.lattern. 后者11.moreoveradv. 此外,而且Ⅱ.核心單詞1.asenseofduty 責(zé)任感2.corevalues 核心價(jià)值3.ensurethebestexperience 確保最佳體驗(yàn)4.befrankwithyou 坦白跟你講5.liveapartfromeachother 彼此分開(kāi)住6.pushthefence 猛推柵欄Ⅲ.一詞多義1.sinkv.使(船)沉沒(méi);下沉,下降;坐下;(心情)沮喪,(情緒)低落n.洗滌槽,水槽①makedocksink使碼頭下沉②sinktothebottomofthesea沉入海底③sinkintoanarmchair坐到扶手椅上④maketheirheartssink使他們情緒低落⑤placeabowlbythesink把碗放在水槽旁邊2.signaln.信號(hào);暗號(hào);標(biāo)志v.發(fā)信號(hào),示意;標(biāo)志①sendasignal發(fā)信號(hào)②signalaclearchange標(biāo)志著明顯的變化③signalustostop示意我們停下④asignalofsocietyprogress社會(huì)進(jìn)步的標(biāo)志3.tearn.眼淚,淚水v.撕破①befilledwithtears噙滿淚水②teartheletterintwo把信撕成兩半Ⅳ.派生單詞1.looseadj.說(shuō)話隨便(輕率)的;松散的;控制不嚴(yán)的loosenv. 放松,松開(kāi),變松,松散2.faultn. 責(zé)任,過(guò)錯(cuò)faultyadj. 有故障的,有缺陷的3.resolvev. 解決(問(wèn)題、困難)resolutionn. (問(wèn)題、分歧等的)解決,消除4.breathn. 一口氣breathev. 呼吸breathlessadj. 氣喘吁吁的5.concernn. 憂慮,擔(dān)心concernedadj. 擔(dān)心的concerningprep. 關(guān)于,涉及6.annoyedadj. 惱怒的,煩惱的annoyv. 使煩惱annoyingadj. 使人煩惱的annoyancen. 煩惱7.adjustv. 適應(yīng),(使)習(xí)慣;調(diào)整,調(diào)節(jié)adjustmentn. 調(diào)整,調(diào)節(jié)8.accidentn. 意外事件,偶然因素accidentaladj. 偶然的accidentallyadv. 偶然地9.complexityn. 復(fù)雜性,錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜complexadj. 復(fù)雜的10.forgivev. 原諒,寬恕forgivenessn. 原諒,寬恕11.criticisev. 批評(píng),指責(zé)criticn. 批評(píng)家,評(píng)論員criticaladj. 批判的,愛(ài)挑剔的;極其重要的criticismn. 批評(píng);評(píng)論12.embarrassmentn. 尷尬,難為情embarrassv. 使尷尬;使難堪embarrassingadj. 令人尷尬的;令人難堪的embarrassedadj. 尷尬的;難堪的;困窘的13.justifyv. 證明(別人認(rèn)為不合理的事)有道理;為……辯護(hù)justadj. 公正的justicen. 公正14.independentadj. 獨(dú)立的dependv. 依靠;依賴dependentadj. 依賴的;依靠的independencen. 獨(dú)立Ⅴ.短語(yǔ)詞塊1.helpout 幫一把2.letdown 使失望,辜負(fù)3.apologisetosb 向某人道歉4.moveon 前進(jìn);離開(kāi)5.takeabreath 吸一口氣6.calmdown 冷靜;(使)平靜下來(lái)7.settledown 定居下來(lái),過(guò)安定的生活8.tellalie 說(shuō)謊9.inamess 陷入困境;混亂,雜亂10.byaccident 偶然,意外地11.beangrywithsb 生某人的氣12.besuretodosth 一定做某事13.letoffsteam 發(fā)泄怒火,宣泄情緒14.looselipssinkships 禍從口出15.pullone’sweight 做好分內(nèi)事,盡責(zé)Ⅵ.教材佳句1.Annewasshockedbythedecisionanddidnotknowwhattodo.(疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式)安妮對(duì)這個(gè)決定感到震驚,不知道做什么。2.ItisbelievedthatEQplaysanevenmoreimportantrolethanIQ(intelligencequotient)inpeople’slives.(Itis+過(guò)去分詞+that...)人們相信,在人們的生活中情商的作用甚至比智商更重要。3.Perhapsthemealyousaidwas“delicious”willbeservedeverytimeyouvisit.(everytime引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句)也許被你評(píng)價(jià)為“很好吃”的菜肴會(huì)在你每次到訪時(shí)都出現(xiàn)在餐桌上。4.Embarrassedandashamed,Ican’tconcentrateonanything.(心理描寫(xiě))我既尷尬又羞愧,做什么事都無(wú)法集中精力。5.Itisunderstandableinthatsituation,butweshouldalwaysthinkbeforewespeak.(建議信)這在那種情況下可以理解,但我們?cè)谡f(shuō)話前總應(yīng)該先想清楚。?構(gòu)詞法日積月累動(dòng)詞后綴“-fy”表示使動(dòng),意指使某物成為某種狀態(tài)或?qū)δ澄镞M(jìn)行某種操作,使其發(fā)生某種變化。①justify證明(別人認(rèn)為不合理的事)有道理;為……辯護(hù)②beautify美化③simplify簡(jiǎn)化 ④diversify使多樣化⑤identify識(shí)別,鑒別 ⑥satisfy使?jié)M意StepOne寫(xiě)一寫(xiě)Ⅰ.閱讀單詞1.bedrivenbysteam由蒸汽驅(qū)動(dòng)2.bitehislips咬他的嘴唇3.strategiesforreadingtheoriginal閱讀原著的策略4.aboxingchampion拳擊冠軍5.weavewebs織網(wǎng)6.deceiveothers欺騙別人Ⅱ.核心單詞1.dutyn.職責(zé),義務(wù);責(zé)任2.coreadj.核心的(課程、團(tuán)體等)3.ensurev.確保,保證4.frankadj.坦率的,坦誠(chéng)的,直言不諱的5.apartadv.分離,分開(kāi)6.fencen.柵欄,圍欄,籬笆Ⅲ.派生單詞1.looseadj.說(shuō)話隨便(輕率)的;松散的,控制不嚴(yán)的→loosenv.放松,松開(kāi),變松,松散2.faultn.責(zé)任,過(guò)錯(cuò)→faultyadj.有故障的,有缺陷的3.breathn.一口氣→breathev.呼吸→breathlessadj.氣喘吁吁的4.concernn.憂慮,擔(dān)心→concernedadj.擔(dān)心的→concerningprep.關(guān)于,涉及5.annoyv.使煩惱→annoyedadj.惱怒的,煩惱的→annoyingadj.使人煩惱的→annoyancen.煩惱

6.adjustv.適應(yīng),(使)習(xí)慣;調(diào)整,調(diào)節(jié)→adjustmentn.調(diào)整,調(diào)節(jié)7.forgivev.原諒,寬恕→forgivenessn.原諒,寬恕8.criticn.批評(píng)家,評(píng)論員→criticaladj.批判的,愛(ài)挑剔的;極其重要的→criticisev.批評(píng),指責(zé)→criticismn.批評(píng);評(píng)論9.embarrassv.使尷尬;使難堪→embarrassingadj.令人尷尬的;令人難堪的→embarrassedadj.尷尬的;難堪的;困窘的→embarrassmentn.尷尬,難為情10.dependv.依靠;依賴→dependentadj.依賴的;依靠的→independentadj.獨(dú)立的→independencen.獨(dú)立Ⅳ.短語(yǔ)互譯1.letdown使失望,辜負(fù)

2.tellalie說(shuō)謊

3.settledown定居下來(lái),過(guò)安定的生活

4.calmdown冷靜;(使)平靜下來(lái)

5.inamess陷入困境;混亂,雜亂

6.byaccident偶然,意外地7.helpout幫一把8.looselipssinkships禍從口出9.letoffsteam發(fā)泄怒火,宣泄情緒10.pullone’sweight做好分內(nèi)事,盡責(zé)Ⅴ.句式仿寫(xiě)1.句型公式:疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式Dadcutleftoverboardintostripsandnailedtheminacircleonawoodbase,showingmehowtomaketheroughedgessmooth.(動(dòng)作鏈)

爸爸把剩下的木板切成條狀,在木頭底座上釘成一個(gè)圓圈,向我展示如何把粗糙的邊緣弄光滑。2.句型公式:Itis+過(guò)去分詞+that...InChina,itisbelievedthatwhentheChinesecharacter“fu”isputupsidedown,happinessarrives.(傳統(tǒng)文化)

在中國(guó),人們相信當(dāng)“?！弊值惯^(guò)來(lái)的時(shí)候,幸福就到來(lái)了。3.句型公式:everytime引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句Everytimeyoupanic,you’dbettertakeadeepbreathandtrytorelaxyourself.(建議信)

每當(dāng)你驚慌失措的時(shí)候,你最好深呼吸,試著放松自己。StepTwo練一練Ⅰ.根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和首字母提示寫(xiě)出單詞的正確形式1.Havingensuredthatthelittlemonkeywasingoodcondition,weletitgo.

2.Iadvocatethatweshouldstrengthenoursenseofdutytopreserveouroceansfrombeinghurt.3.Thefenceofthebigfarmismadeofpostsjoinedtogetherwithwire.4.Tobefrank,bothofushavethequalitiesandvirtuesthataretypicalofAmericanactors.Ⅱ.根據(jù)語(yǔ)境用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空1.Ourparentsareconcernedaboutourhealth.AsfarasI’mconcerned,weshouldtalkwiththemandtellthemourconcerns.(concern)2.Itannoyedhimthathiswifehadspenttoomuchmoneyonherclothes.Formostmen,itwasreallyanannoyingthing.(annoy)3.Yesterday,Iclimbedthemountaintoptobreathethefreshair.AlthoughIbecamebreathlesswhenIwasonthetop,thebreathoffreshairwasworthit.(breath)4.Toourembarrassment,allofushadnomoneytopayforthebill.Inthatembarrassingsituation,allofuswereveryembarrassed.(embarrass)5.Sincethecountrygaineditsindependence,ithasbeenindependentofanypowerfulcountry.(independence)Ⅲ.短語(yǔ)填空byaccident;helpout;letdown;calmdown;inamess1.Theroomwastotallyinamessandmyparentsweremadaboutthemessyroom.

2.Thebestthingsaregottenbyaccident,oftenoutofourexpectation.

3.Ifhemadeapromisetoyou,heneverletyoudown.4.Iknewthatyouwerestruggling,andIjustwantedtohelpout.

5.Theyoungmancarefullyplacedthechickinthenestanditquicklycalmeddown.

Ⅳ.串記練習(xí)閱讀下面新情景,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Tobefrank,whatletTeddownwas1.thatJohnsometimestoldalietohimandevenletoffsteam.2.Concerned(concern)aboutJohn,Tedthoughtitwashisduty3.tohelp(help)Johnouttobecomea4.better(good)person,sohepointedoutJohn’sshortcomings.ToTed’s5.disappointment(disappoint),JohnmisunderstoodthatTedwasfindingfaultwithhim,6.whichmadehimannoyed.MuchtoTed’sagony,Johnnolongertalkedwithhim.ItseemedasiftheirfriendshipwouldfallapartandTed’sheart7.sank(sink).Resolvingtorepairtheirrelationship,TedapologisedtoJohnandadjustedhisstrategy.Moreover,heexpressedhisopinionsmorepolitelyinsteadofcriticisinghim8.directly(direct).Johntookadeepbreath,9.ensuring(ensure)thathewouldneverlie.10.Withtearsineyes,theyforgaveeachotherandthetwobecamecloserthanbefore.

1.faultn.責(zé)任,過(guò)錯(cuò),過(guò)失→faultyadj.有故障的,有缺陷的佳句背誦Ithinkit’snotmyfault,soI’mwritingtoyouinordertofindawayout.(投訴信)我認(rèn)為這不是我的錯(cuò),所以我寫(xiě)信給你是為了找到一個(gè)解決辦法。findfaultwith對(duì)……吹毛求疵;挑毛病beatfault有錯(cuò);有責(zé)任以練促學(xué)單句語(yǔ)法填空/單句寫(xiě)作①I(mǎi)tisbettertomakeanapology,eventhoughthecompanyisnotatfault.②Lifecanbegreatwhenyouarenotbusyfindingfaultwithit.(建議信)

當(dāng)你不忙著吹毛求疵的時(shí)候,生活很美好。2.annoyedadj.惱怒的(angry),煩惱的→annoyv.使……不悅;惹惱→annoyingadj.使人煩惱的→annoyancen.煩惱佳句背誦Heheldhisheadinhishands,greatlyannoyed.他雙手抱頭,非常惱火。(動(dòng)作+情緒描寫(xiě))beannoyedwithsb生某人的氣beannoyedthat... 對(duì)……感到生氣toone’sannoyance使某人生氣的是以練促學(xué)完成語(yǔ)段ShewasannoyedwiththepeoplewhoweretryingtosellheraTVsetagainandagain.Inheropinion,theirannoyingbehaviourannoyedheralot.Toherannoyance,theydidn’tstopdespitebeingwarned.

她對(duì)那些一次次試圖向她出售電視機(jī)的人感到惱火。在她看來(lái),他們令人討厭的行為使她非常惱火。讓她惱火的是,警告之后他們也沒(méi)有停止。3.forgivev.(forgave,forgiven,forgiving)原諒,寬恕(tolerate);免除→forgivenessn.原諒;寬恕佳句背誦Ginalookedathimwithlove,pattedhisheadandforgavehim.(動(dòng)作描寫(xiě))吉娜深情地看著他,拍拍他的頭,原諒了他。forgivesbsthforgivesbfor(doing)sth原諒某人(做)以練促學(xué)單句語(yǔ)法填空/單句寫(xiě)作①I(mǎi)t’sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness(forgive).(2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷)②Hemadeanapologytohisfather,begginghisfathertoforgivehimforhisbadbehavior.

他向父親道歉,懇求父親原諒他的不良行為。(道歉)4.tearn.眼淚;淚水v.(tore,torn,tearing)撕破佳句背誦Hiseyesfilledwithtearsashestaredatmeandnodded.(動(dòng)作描寫(xiě))他盯著我,點(diǎn)了點(diǎn)頭,眼里充滿了淚水。intears流著淚;含著淚burstintotears 突然大哭起來(lái)fight/holdbacktears 強(qiáng)忍住淚水tearsthapart撕碎某物以練促學(xué)單句語(yǔ)法填空/單句寫(xiě)作①Unexpectedly,thestrongwindforcedthewatertotearthemapartagain.

②Icouldn’tholdbackmytearswhenthejudgesthoughthighlyofmybeautifulvoice.

當(dāng)評(píng)委們高度評(píng)價(jià)我優(yōu)美的嗓音時(shí),我忍不住流下了眼淚。(情緒描寫(xiě))③Hislastwordwentlikeabullettoherheart.Sheburstintotearsandabandonedherselftodespair.(情緒描寫(xiě))

他的最后一句話太扎心了。她大哭起來(lái),陷入絕望。5.letdown使失望,辜負(fù)佳句背誦IamverynervousandinlowspiritsbecauseIamafraidoflettingmyparentsdown.(心理描寫(xiě))因?yàn)楹ε伦尭改甘?我非常緊張,情緒低落。letalone更不用說(shuō)letgo(of)放開(kāi),松手;放棄,摒棄(想法、態(tài)度或控制)letoff寬恕,免除(任務(wù)或義務(wù));使爆炸letout放掉;發(fā)出(叫聲等);泄露;結(jié)束;散場(chǎng)以練促學(xué)用let短語(yǔ)填空①Theman’swifeletgoofhishand.Herheaddropped,andhislipsbegantoshake.

②Whenweareletdown,itiswisetohaveapositiveattitude.

③Wehadn’tseenthisspeciesofbirdbefore,letaloneitshabits.

④Thepolarbearletoutonelastroarandthenscamperedoff.

⑤Don’tletofffireworksnearthehouse.It’sdangerous.

片段鞏固用fault;annoyed;forgive;tear;letdown完成“情緒描寫(xiě)”片段寫(xiě)作提示:Linda犯錯(cuò)造成比賽失敗→隊(duì)友生氣→害怕隊(duì)友因失望、不原諒她而流淚→隊(duì)友們過(guò)來(lái)安慰她又給了她希望Lindarealizeditwasherfaultthatmadethemlostthegame.Herteammateswereannoyedandgavehercoldlooks.Tearswelledupinhereyesasshefearedtheywouldneverforgiveherforlettingthemdown.Butthen,onebyone,theycametocomforther,andshefeltaglimmerofhope.1.寫(xiě)出加黑部分的詞性和漢語(yǔ)意思①ThesunwasbeginningtosinkasIsetoffintotheHarennaForest.(2023·浙江1月卷)v.下沉,下降②Nanxiangaside,thebestxiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthemtobeliftedoutofthesteamerbasketwithouttearingorspillinganyoftheircontents.(2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷)v.撕破③Withtheirabilitytoseeahead,theycouldsignalanyproblem,sothatfast-movingtrainswouldbeabletoreactintime.(2022·全國(guó)乙卷)v.發(fā)出信號(hào)2.選出loose的漢語(yǔ)意思A.adj.松的,松動(dòng)的B.adj.寬松的C.adj.(頭發(fā))松散的,披著的D.adj.不嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)蘑賅earcomfortable,looseclothingtoyourexerciseclass.B②It’sonlyaloosetranslationofthepoem.D③Thenailsinthewallhadworkedloose.A④Herhairwashangingloosetohershoulders.C句型公式:everytime引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句課本原句:Perhapsthemealyousaidwas“delicious”willbeservedeverytimeyouvisit.也許被你評(píng)價(jià)為“很好吃”的菜肴會(huì)在你每次到訪時(shí)都出現(xiàn)在餐桌上。佳句背誦Fromthatdayon,everytimeImeetsomeonewhoneedshelp,Ialwaysreachouttothem.(主旨升華)從那天起,每當(dāng)我遇到需要幫助的人,我總是向他們伸出援手。Tobefrank,IbecameinterestedinmyEnglishteacher’slessonthefirsttimeIattendedherclass.(人物介紹)坦白說(shuō),我第一次上英語(yǔ)老師的課時(shí)就對(duì)她的課感興趣。(1)everytime相當(dāng)于eachtime,是名詞短語(yǔ)用作從屬連詞,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,意為“每次……的時(shí)候”。(2)thefirsttime可用作連詞,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,意為“第一次……的時(shí)候”;forthefirsttime表示“第一次”,獨(dú)立作狀語(yǔ),不引導(dǎo)從句。以練促學(xué)單句寫(xiě)作/一句多譯①EverytimeIcomeupagainstdifficulties,healwaysappearsatmysideintime.

每次我遇到困難,他總能及時(shí)出現(xiàn)在我身邊。②當(dāng)她被襲擊后第一次試圖站起來(lái)時(shí),她感到頭暈?zāi)垦?摔倒了。(動(dòng)作描寫(xiě))→Whenshetriedtostandupforthefirsttimesincebeingattacked,shefeltdizzyandfell.(forthefirsttime)

→Thefirsttimeshetriedtostandupsincebeingattacked,shefeltdizzyandfell.(thefirsttime)

維度一核心知識(shí)運(yùn)用1.WhenIdecidedtopursueapostgraduatedegree,Iwantedtodevelopanovelresearchprogrammeandquicklyestablishmyselfasanindependent(independence)scientist.(2024·北京卷)2.AndPriscillaDewingreportsthatherhorse,Nappy,“movesmoreeasilyandridesmorecomfortably”afterachiropracticadjustment(adjust).(2024·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷)3.Sittingonabranch,heinchedtowardsitandblewsmokefromhistorchintoatinyholeinthehive.Suddenly,Ziyadletoutasharpcry.(2023·浙江1月卷)4.You’llsoonfindthatthemorepatienceyoupractice,themoreyoustarttoapplyittoother,moreannoying(annoy)situations.(2023·全國(guó)甲卷)5.Don’tgetcaughtmakinganembarrassing(embarrass)mistakeatarestaurant.(2022·全國(guó)甲卷)6.Muchtomydelight,sheforgave(forgive)meandlaterwebecamebestfriends.7.Shewould,withaflushinherface,criticiseusfornotstudyinghard.8.Whenaquarrelhappensinafamily,itisveryhardtosaywhoisatfault.9.Shehadherfingercutbyasharpknifebyaccidentwhileshewascuttingpotatoes.10.Iwasastonishedbythesizeandcomplexity(complex)oftheproblem.維度二單句寫(xiě)作1.Somepracticalsuggestionswillbeofferedonhowtoprepareourselvesforourfuturejobsandstandoutfromthecrowdinthejobmarket.(疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式)

就如何為我們未來(lái)的工作做好準(zhǔn)備并在就業(yè)市場(chǎng)中脫穎而出,我們將提供一些實(shí)用的建議。2.It’ssaidthatthepersonallifeofLiBaiwillbetalkedaboutduringthelectureandsomeofhisfamousworkswillbeappreciated.(Itis+過(guò)去分詞+that...)

據(jù)說(shuō),講座將談?wù)摾畎椎膫€(gè)人生活,并欣賞他的一些著名作品。3.EverytimeIaskedhimforadvice,hewouldrespondto/makearesponsetomeimmediately.(everytime引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句)

每當(dāng)我向他尋求建議時(shí),他總是立即給我回復(fù)。4.Designedtoenhancestudents’languageproficiency,ourEnglishcurriculumcoversawiderangeoftopics.(動(dòng)詞-ed形式作狀語(yǔ))

為了提高學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言熟練度,我們的英語(yǔ)課程涵蓋了廣泛的主題。5.Scheduledtobeheldnextmonth,ourEnglishdramaactivitywelcomesyourregistrationandthedeadlineisnextFriday.(動(dòng)詞-ed形式作狀語(yǔ))

我們的英語(yǔ)戲劇活動(dòng)定于下個(gè)月舉行,歡迎您的報(bào)名,截止日期為下周五。維度三單元知識(shí)拾遺Theyhadafierceargumentandthingsseemedto1.sinkintoahopelesssituation.Butthen,2.beingfrankwitheachother,theybeganto3.resolvetheirdifferences.They4.adjustedtheirexpectationsandmadepromisestochange.5.Toensureabetterfuture,theyhuggedandknewtheirrelationshipwouldgrowstronger.

他們進(jìn)行了激烈的爭(zhēng)論,事情似乎陷入了絕望的境地。但后來(lái),他們彼此坦誠(chéng)相待,開(kāi)始解決他們的分歧。他們調(diào)整了他們的期望,并承諾做出改變。為了確保一個(gè)更好的未來(lái),他們擁抱在一起,知道他們的關(guān)系會(huì)變得更加牢固。Ⅰ.話題下的應(yīng)用文專練(建議信——適應(yīng)新環(huán)境)假定你是李華,你的美國(guó)朋友Peter來(lái)信,說(shuō)他難以適應(yīng)新的學(xué)校生活,為此寫(xiě)信向你尋求建議。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下提示,用英語(yǔ)給Peter寫(xiě)一封建議信。內(nèi)容包括:(1)表示理解;(2)具體建議;(3)表達(dá)祝愿。根據(jù)提示,利用本單元所學(xué)知識(shí)翻譯句子第一步字斟句酌優(yōu)化表達(dá)①聽(tīng)說(shuō)你很難適應(yīng)新生活,我很難過(guò)。(it作形式主語(yǔ),adjust)Iamsorrytohearitisdifficultforyoutoadjustyourselftothenewlife.

②我想給你一些建議,我認(rèn)為不會(huì)讓你失望的。(letsbdown)Iwouldliketooffersomeadvicetoyou,whichIthinkwon’tletyoudown.

③努力工作。做好分內(nèi)的事是你的責(zé)任。(it作形式主語(yǔ),duty,pullone’sweight)Workhard.Itisyourdutytopullyourweight.

④在工作的時(shí)候,試著比以前更獨(dú)立。(independent)Trytobemoreindependentthanbeforewhileyouareatwork.

⑤要樂(lè)于助人,友好待人。關(guān)心他人對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)很重要。(concern)Behelpfulandfriendly.Itisimportantforyoutoshowconcernforothers.

⑥當(dāng)他們有困難時(shí),你最好設(shè)法幫助他們。(helpout)Whenthey’reintrouble,you’dbettertrytohelpthemout.

⑦永遠(yuǎn)記住,禍從口出。(looselipssinkships)Alwayskeepinmindthatlooselipssinkships.

⑧如果你無(wú)意中說(shuō)了讓別人生氣的話,你必須向他們道歉,并盡快請(qǐng)求他們?cè)從恪?annoyed,byaccident,apologiseto,forgive)Ifyousaysomethingthatmakesothersannoyedbyaccident,youmustapologisetothemandaskthemtoforgiveyouassoonaspossible.

第二步恰當(dāng)過(guò)渡完美成文(使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪^(guò)渡銜接詞連句成篇)DearPeter,Iamsorrytohearitisdifficultforyoutoadjustyourselftothenewlife.Iwouldliketooffersomeadvicetoyou,whichIthinkwon’tletyoudown.Firstly,workhard.Itisyourdutytopullyourweight.Trytobemoreindependentthanbeforewhileyouareatwork.Secondly,behelpfulandfriendly.Itisimportantforyoutoshowconcernforothers.Whenthey’reintrouble,you’dbettertrytohelpthemout.Lastbutnotleast,alwayskeepinmindthatlooselipssinkships.Ifyousaysomethingthatmakesothersannoyedbyaccident,youmustapologisetothemandaskthemtoforgiveyouassoonaspossible.Bestwishes!Yours,LiHuaⅡ.話題下的續(xù)寫(xiě)能力提升1.續(xù)寫(xiě)語(yǔ)料積累單詞resolvev.解決(問(wèn)題、困難)concernn. 憂慮,擔(dān)心annoyedadj. 惱怒的,煩惱的accidentn. 意外事件,偶然因素forgivev. 原諒,寬恕criticisev. 批評(píng),指責(zé)embarrassmentn. 尷尬,難為情frankadj. 坦率的,坦誠(chéng)的,直言不諱的tearn. 眼淚,淚水scribblev. 亂涂flushv. 臉紅shamen. 羞愧詞塊letdown使失望,辜負(fù)letoffsteam 發(fā)泄怒火,宣泄情緒takeadeepbreath 深吸一口氣靚句1.WhenIcouldn’tanswerthequestions,insteadofleavingthemblank,Iimpulsivelywrotedownrandomanswers.當(dāng)我回答不上來(lái)問(wèn)題時(shí),我沒(méi)有讓它空著,而是沖動(dòng)地寫(xiě)下了隨機(jī)答案。2.Icouldsensethedisappointmentintheteacher’sgaze,whichfeltlikeasharpthornprickingmyheart.我能感受到老師眼神中的失望,就像一根尖銳的刺扎在我的心上。3.Unabletobeartheguiltanylonger,Imusteredupmycourageandwenttotheteacher.Withmyheadbowedinshame,Iapologizedsincerely.我再也無(wú)法忍受這種負(fù)罪感了,于是鼓起勇氣去找老師。我羞愧地低下了頭,真誠(chéng)地道歉。4.Irealizedthatthiswasmyfirststeptowardsgrowth,learningtocorrectmymistakesandmoveforward.我意識(shí)到這是我邁向成長(zhǎng)的第一步,學(xué)會(huì)了改正錯(cuò)誤并繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。2.場(chǎng)景片段訓(xùn)練(知錯(cuò)就改:題目不會(huì)作答→胡亂作答→交試卷不敢直視老師的眼睛→老師很失望,成績(jī)單得了零分→道歉)Iwascompletelylostatthesequestions,①notknowinghowtofaceMr.Smith(動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)).Mymindracedsharply,butIcouldn’tfindtheanswer.Iswallowedhard,②mythroatsuddenlydry(獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)).Iscribbleddownananswer,knowingfullwellitwasashotinthedark.③Whenhandinginmytest(疑問(wèn)詞+分詞),④barelycouldIlookMr.Smithintheeyes(倒裝),knowingthatthetruthwasnowdramaticallyobvious.

Whenreceivingthereportcard,Iflushedwithshame.Itwas⑤

(not...but...).

Hedidn’tjustteachmeaboutthesubjectmatter,butaboutintegrityandcourageinthefaceofchallenges.Intheend,Iadmittedmyuncertaintyandanxietyandapologizedfornotdoingmybest.⑥

(定語(yǔ)從句+動(dòng)詞-ing形式短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)).我完全迷失在這些問(wèn)題中,不知道該如何面對(duì)史密斯先生。我的思緒飛快地閃過(guò),但我卻找不到答案。我使勁咽了口唾沫,喉嚨突然發(fā)干。我草草寫(xiě)下了一個(gè)答案,心里很清楚這只是瞎猜的。交試卷時(shí),我?guī)缀醪桓抑币暿访芩瓜壬难劬?因?yàn)槲抑勒嫦嘁呀?jīng)顯而易見(jiàn)了。拿到成績(jī)單時(shí),我羞愧得滿臉通紅。這不僅僅是因?yàn)榈诙}旁邊醒目的零分,更是因?yàn)槲覐氖访芩瓜壬难凵裰锌吹搅耸?。他不僅教我學(xué)科知識(shí),還教我面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)的正直和勇氣。最后,我承認(rèn)了自己的不確定和焦慮,并為沒(méi)有盡力而為道歉。這是一次艱難的教訓(xùn),但我會(huì)銘記于心,它對(duì)我性格的塑造遠(yuǎn)比任何一次考試都重要。課時(shí)作業(yè)Ⅰ.閱讀理解Thegoalofthisbookistointroducesomeofthecognitive(認(rèn)知的)prejudiceswehave—andhowmisunderstandingscancloudourjudgmentandaffectthepeoplearoundus.Thisbookalsoguidesusonhowtodoourbesttocorrectthesethinkingtraps.Herearesomeexamples.Thefirstoneisthatwetendtobeoverconfidentinourabilitieswithoutenoughevidence.Thiscanleadus,forexample,tomessupcareer-changingpresentationsbecauseoflackingpreparation,orgreatlyunderestimatethetimewemayspendincompletingtheprojects.Wecancorrectthispropensitybytryingitoutourselves.Thiswillquicklyputanyfeelingsofoverconfidencetorestorfightthistrendbyover-preparingandconsideringpotentialproblemsinadvance.Forexample,ifwe’redecoratingourhomesandhavenoideahowlongitwilltake,talktofriendswhowentthrougharecentcaseorconsultwithafewexpertstounderstandthetimetheprojectcostsandwhatproblemsmayarise.Another,whichcanbedangerous,isthatwearelikelytofocusalotmoreofourattentiononnegativeeventsthanpositiveones.Itexplainswhyafriend’sunenthusiasticreviewofawell-knownmoviemightleadustowatchsomethingelse.Thistendencycanholdusbackfrommakingadecisionaboutsomething,sayabigpurchaselikeahouse,outoffeartherewasonceanegativeeventassociatedwithanotherwisegoodchoice.Thereareseveralsuggestionshere.Initially,whenmakingachoice,stressthepositiveaspectsofouroptions.Sellersusethisapproachallthetime.Forexample,insteadofsayingthebeefcontains11%fat,theylabelitas89%lean(無(wú)脂肪的).Thesearebothtrueandaccuratedescriptionsofthesameproductbutdescribingitfromtheoppositecanmakeitamoreattractivechoiceforbuyersconcernedwithfatintake.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章重點(diǎn)闡述了人們存在的認(rèn)知偏見(jiàn)以及如何糾正這些偏見(jiàn),從而幫助人們更理性地看待問(wèn)題和做出決策。1.Whatisthebookaimedat?A.Teachingsocialskills. B.Changingthinkingmodes.C.Solvingphysicalproblems. D.Promotingreflectivelearning.答案B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Thegoalofthisbookisto...Thisbookalsoguidesusonhowtodoourbesttocorrectthesethinkingtraps.”可知,這本書(shū)旨在介紹認(rèn)知偏見(jiàn)并指導(dǎo)人們糾正思維陷阱,也就是幫助改變思維方式,故選B。]2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“propensity”meaninparagraph3?A.Tradition. B.Over-preparation.C.Collection. D.Tendency.答案D[詞義猜測(cè)題。第二段提到“Thefirstoneisthatwetendtobeoverconfidentinourabilitieswithoutenoughevidence.”,這表明我們往往對(duì)自身的能力過(guò)度自信,這是一種傾向。再結(jié)合第三段中的“Wecancorrectthispropensitybytryingitoutourselves...consideringpotentialproblemsinadvance.”可知,這里的“propensity”指的就是上文提到的這種傾向,所以畫(huà)線詞的意思與D項(xiàng)“Tendency(傾向)”最為接近,故選D。]3.Whatistheharmofprejudicesaccordingtoparagraph4?A.Buyinguselessthings.B.Messinguppresentations.C.Missingbigopportunities.D.Avoidingmakingdecisions.答案C[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Thistendencycanholdus...anotherwisegoodchoice.”可知,偏見(jiàn)會(huì)使我們因過(guò)于關(guān)注消極事件而不敢做出決策,從而錯(cuò)失重大機(jī)會(huì),故選C。]4.Whatwillbetalkedaboutinthefollowingparagraph?A.Analyzingreasons. B.Givingexamples.C.Addingsuggestions. D.Makingcontrasts.答案C[推理判斷題。最后一段開(kāi)頭提到“Thereareseveralsuggestionshere.”,接著給出了一個(gè)做選擇時(shí)的建議,因此后續(xù)應(yīng)該會(huì)繼續(xù)給出建議,故選C。]考情速遞閱讀理解+讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)結(jié)合設(shè)題該題問(wèn)接下來(lái)的一段會(huì)討論什么,要求同學(xué)們根據(jù)所給文章的整體行文脈絡(luò)/最后一段的主旨句/文章最后一句等合理推測(cè)接下來(lái)的內(nèi)容,考查了同學(xué)們的閱讀能力和讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)能力,對(duì)同學(xué)們的邏輯推理和篇章結(jié)構(gòu)把握等能力要求較高?！癝ticksandstonesmaybreakmybones,butwordswillneverharmme.”Thisisanoldsayingmyfourth-gradeteacheroncetoldme.Igrewupthinkingaslongaspeopledidn’tphysicallyhurteachother,hurtfulwordsweretobetolerated,butIchangedmymindafterreadingLindaO’Connell’sstory,TwoLittleWordswithaBigImpact.Shediscussedtwowords:“and”and“but”,andexplainedhow“but”canbeoneofthemostdestructivewords.ThenIrealizedIhadbeenhurtbytheword“but”,andthatIhadwoundedothers,too,byusingthewordthoughtlessly.Forexample,whenIwasateacherandeditedmystudents’stories,Iwouldalwayssaytheircontentwasgood,butthenIwouldaddcommentssuchas“butyouneedtomakeyourcharactersmorerealistic.”Icouldhavesaid,“Yourcontentisgoodandmakingyourcharactersmorebelievablewillmakeitevenbetter.”Insettingupguidelinesforcommentingonwriters,Irealizeweneedtopraiseeachother,makehelpfulremarks,andthenpraiseeachotheragain,withoutusingtheword“but”.Irememberacollegeprofessorwhosaid,“Thereisnosuchthingasconstructivecriticism.Criticismiscriticism.”Shehasnowpassedon,butherwordsremainwithmealways.Myfourth-gradeteacher’squotewasaimedatwhatshethoughtwasharmlessplaygroundteasing,buteventeasinghurts.Today,wecanreadsadnewsrelatedtomanystorieswherepeoplehavebeenterriblyhurtbyuglywordsandsufferedalot.NowIrealizetheimportanceofthinkingbeforespeaking,eventoavoidseeminglyunimportantwordslike“but”.Sticksandstonesbreakourbones,butthoughtlesswordsalsodoharm.Theycanleavemarksforalifetime.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要講述了作者由自身經(jīng)歷及思考總結(jié)出了“說(shuō)話前要多思考”的道理。5.Whatchangedtheauthor’sattitudetohurtfulwords?A.Ateacher’sadvice.B.Hispersonalexperience.C.Acollegeprofessor’swords.D.AstorybyLindaO’Connell.答案D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“IchangedmymindafterreadingLindaO’Connell’sstory”可知,作者因LindaO’Connell的故事而改變了對(duì)傷害性語(yǔ)言的態(tài)度。故選D項(xiàng)。]6.WhatmessagedoestheexampleinParagraph2convey?A.Theauthorused“but”toooften.B.Theauthorcouldtoleratecriticism.C.Themisuseof“but”canhurtothers.D.Realisticcharactersareneededinwriting.答案C[推理判斷題。第二段第一句提到作者意識(shí)到,自己曾被“但是”一詞傷害到,而且自己也曾草率地用這個(gè)詞傷害到了別人。接下來(lái)作者講述了自己在給學(xué)生批閱文章時(shí)經(jīng)常使用“但是”一詞的經(jīng)歷,所以這一例子是用來(lái)說(shuō)明but一詞的錯(cuò)誤使用會(huì)給他人造成傷害的。故選C項(xiàng)。]7.Whichwordscanbestdescribetheauthor?A.Honestandwarm-hearted.B.Devotedandcooperative.C.Optimisticandopen-minded.D.Caringandself-reflective.答案D[推理判斷題。由第二、三段以及最后一段中的“NowIrealizetheimportanceofthinkingbeforespeaking”可知,作者從自身經(jīng)歷意識(shí)到使用錯(cuò)誤的語(yǔ)言會(huì)對(duì)他人造成傷害,以及說(shuō)話前三思的重要性。由此可見(jiàn),作者關(guān)心他人且善于自我反思。故選D項(xiàng)。A項(xiàng)“誠(chéng)實(shí)的且熱心的”;B項(xiàng)“忠誠(chéng)的且配合的”;C項(xiàng)“積極的且思想開(kāi)明的”;D項(xiàng)“關(guān)心他人的且自我反思的”。]8.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thebenefitsoflearningfrommistakes.B.Thelong-lastingeffectofhurtfulwords.C.Theimportanceofusingwordsthoughtfully.D.Thedifferencebetweenphysicalandemotionalharm.答案C[文章大意題。作者通過(guò)自己錯(cuò)誤使用“但是”一詞的經(jīng)歷,思考并總結(jié)出說(shuō)話前要深思熟慮的道理,同時(shí)告訴人們錯(cuò)誤的語(yǔ)言也會(huì)像“棍子和石頭”一樣帶來(lái)傷害。由此可見(jiàn),文章主要說(shuō)明了謹(jǐn)慎使用語(yǔ)言的重要性。故選C項(xiàng)。]Isforgivenessagainstourhumannature?Toanswerourquestion,weneedtoaskafurtherquestion:Whatistheessenceofourhumanity?Forthesakeofsimplicity,peopleconsidertwodistinctlydifferentviewsofhumanity.Thefirstviewinvolvesdominanceandpower.Inanearlypaperonthepsychologyofforgiveness,Droll(1984)madetheinterestingclaimthathumans’essentialnatureismoreaggressivethanforgivingallows.Thosewhoforgiveareagainsttheirbasicnature,muchtotheirharm.Inhisopinion,forgiversarecompromisingtheirwell-beingastheyoffermercytoothers,whomightthentakeadvantageofthem.Thesecondviewinvolvesthethemeofcooperation,mutualrespect,andevenloveasthebasisofwhoweareashumans.Researchersfindthattofullygrowashumanbeings,weneedbothtoreceivelovefromandofferlovetoothers.Withoutlove,ourconnectionswithawiderangeofindividualsinourlivescanfallapart.Evencommonsensestronglysuggeststhatthewilltopoweroverothersdoesnotmakeforharmoniousinteractions.Forexample,howwellhasslavery(奴隸制)workedasamodeofsocialharmony?Fromthissecondviewpointofwhoweareashumans,forgivenessplaysakeyroleinthebiologicalandpsychologicalintegrityofbothindividualsandcommunitiesbecauseoneoftheoutcomesofforgiveness,shownthroughscientificstudies,isthedecreasingofhatredandtherestorationofharmony.Forgivenesscanbreakthecycleofanger.Atleasttoanextentthepeoplefromwhomyouareestranged(不和的)acceptyourloveandforgivenessandarepreparedtomaketherequiredadjustments.Forgivenesscanhealrelationshipsandreconnectpeople.Asanimportantnote,whenwetakeaclassicalRealismphilosophicalperspective,thatofAristotle,weseethedistinctionbetweenpotentialityandactuality.Wearenotnecessarilybornwiththecapacitytoforgive,butinsteadwiththepotentialtolearnaboutitandtogrowinourabilitytoforgive.Theactualityofforgiving,itsactualappropriationinconflictsituations,developswithpractice.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要從人性的角度講述了兩種關(guān)于原諒的觀點(diǎn),說(shuō)明了原諒的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和好處,并告訴讀者原諒是可以通過(guò)訓(xùn)練提升的。9.WhatisDroll’sideaaboutforgiveness?A.Peopleshouldoffermercytoothers.B.Aggressivepeopleshouldlearntoforgive.C.Forgivenessdependsonthenatureofhumanity.D.Peoplewhoforgivecanhavetheirownwelfareaffected.答案D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Inhisopinion,forgiversare...takeadvantageofthem.”可知,Droll認(rèn)為原諒別人的人在寬恕他人的同時(shí)也在損害自己的幸福,而被寬恕的人可能會(huì)利用他們,故D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)“人們應(yīng)該寬恕別人”;B項(xiàng)“好斗的人應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)原諒”;C項(xiàng)“原諒取決于人性”;D項(xiàng)“寬恕別人的人會(huì)讓自己的幸福受到影響”。]10.Whatdoestheexampleinparagraph2illustrate?A.Toforgiveistolove. B.Todominateistoharm.C.Tofightistogrow. D.Togiveistoreceive.答案B[推理判斷題。舉例是為了說(shuō)明例子前面的觀點(diǎn)或概念。根據(jù)第二段中Forexample前的“Evencommonsensestrongly...harmoniousinteractions.”可知,支配他人的意志并不能促成和諧的互動(dòng)。由此可以推斷,作者舉奴隸制這個(gè)例子是為了說(shuō)明“支配他人就是傷害他人”,故B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)“原諒就是愛(ài)”;C項(xiàng)“奮斗就是成長(zhǎng)”;D項(xiàng)“給予就是接受”。]11.Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardforgiveness?A.Favorable. B.Reserved.C.Objective. D.Skeptical.答案A[觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第三段中的“oneoftheoutcomesof...andreconnectpeople”和第四段中的“Wearenotnecessarily...inourabilitytoforgive.”可知,作者認(rèn)為原諒可以減少仇恨,恢復(fù)和諧,打破憤怒的循環(huán),愈合關(guān)系,將人們?cè)俅温?lián)系在一起,且人們應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)原諒并提升原諒的能力。由此可知,作者對(duì)原諒持支持的態(tài)度,故A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)“保守的”;C項(xiàng)“客觀的”;D項(xiàng)“持懷疑態(tài)度的”。]12.Whatisthemessageofthelastparagraph?A.Forgivenessisinournature.B.Forgivenessgrowswithtime.C.Ittakespracticetoforgive.D.Actualityisbasedonpotentiality.答案C[段落大意題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Wearenotnecessarily...developswithpractice.”可知,我們不一定天生就有原諒的能力