Unit1DiscoveringUsefulStructures分層練習(xí)語言知識一、（2024·高一課時練習(xí)）根據(jù)括號內(nèi)所給單詞的詞性及英文釋義，寫出該單詞的正確形式。1.Thisisaschoolforchildrenwith________learningdifficulties.(adj.veryserious)2.Ifanyoneneeds________ofProfessorQiao'sgeniusasaninventor,thisinventionisit.(n.afactorpieceofinformationwhichshowsthatsomethingexistsoristrue)3.Wemade________copiesofthereport.(adj.verymanyofthesametype,orofdifferenttypes)4.Agrowingnumberof________haveatleastonecomputer.(n.allthepeoplewholivetogetherinonehouse)5.Wewouldresistanyarmed________fromoutsideinourcountry'saffairs.(n.theactofinterveninginasituation)6.Oilisanimportant________materialwhichcanbeprocessedintomanydifferentproducts,includingplastics.(adj.notprocessed)7.Wehadtroublefindinga(n)________watersupply.(adj.cleanandnotcontaininganythingharmful)8.Accordingtoofficial________thediseasekilledover500people.(n.acollectionofinformationshowninnumbers)9.Abnormalitiesinthecellscanbeseenquiteclearlyundera(n)________.(n.ascientificinstrumentthatmakesextremelysmallthingslooklarger)【答案】1.severe

2.proof

3.multiple

4.households

5.intervention

6.raw

7.pure

8.statistics

9.microscope二、（2024·高一課時練習(xí)）用所給單詞的正確形式填空。1.infect①Allthetomatoplantsare________withavirus.②Exactlywhichgermscausethe________isstillunknown.2.handle①Sheturnedthe________andslowlyopenedthedoor.②Mostcustomersweresatisfiedwiththewaytheircomplaintswere________.3.link①

Thestudyprovidesfurtherevidence________smokingwithearlydeath.②

There'sadirect________betweendietandheartdisease.【答案】1.

①infected

②infection

2.①handle

②handled

3.①linking

②link三、（2024·高一課時練習(xí)）每空填一詞，使每組句子的意思相同或相近。1.Let'ssettlethismattercompletelyandfinally.Let'ssettlethismatter________________________________.2.Weallagreewiththedecisionadoptedatthemeeting.Weall________________thedecisionadoptedatthemeeting.3.Whowasresponsiblefortheaccident?Who________________________________theaccident?4.Itwasallagreatsuccess—becauseofalotofhardwork.Itwasallagreatsuccess—________________alotofhardwork.【答案】1.onceandforall

2.subscribeto

3.wastoblamefor 4.thanksto知識應(yīng)用四、（福建省廈門市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末英語質(zhì)檢）閱讀理解Foodbookscanbringaculturetolife.Thefollowingfoodbooksareburstingwithdeliciousfood,aswellasentertainingandengagingstorytelling.PierreThiam’slatestbookaimstoshareeveryday,easy-to-cookrecipeslikebakedginger-chiliplantainkelewele.HeexplainshowsomanydishesandingredientsfromtheAmericanSouthandotherregionscantracetheirorigintoWestAfrica.The80recipesareaccessibleandpresentarangeoftraditionalandmoderntakesonthecuisine.FuchsiaDunlop’sbookexaminesclassicChinesedishes,likemapotofu,soupdumplingsandDongpopork.Thisbookincludeshistory,philosophy,cookingtechniques,andDunlop’son-the-groundresearchconductedoverthreedecadestopresentafascinatingexplorationofthisever-changingcuisine.TamarAdlerseekstomakeleftoversmoreappealingandlowerfoodwasteintheprocesswithherlatestbook,whichcontainsaround1,500recipes.Thisisn’twhatyou’dcallabeautifulcoffeetable-stylecookbook—it’spracticalandthecreativesecretswithinaretrulymind-blowing.NatashaPickowiczisaninnovativechef.MoreThanCakeisherfirstcookbook,fullofinvaluabletipslikehowtobuildalayer(層)cake.Asidefromgreatbakingrecipes,thiscookbooktriestoliveuptoitsnamebysharinghowbakingcanprovidesomuchmorethanjusttastysweets—itcangivecommunity,purpose,joyandlove.1.WhoexploresChinesefoodcultureinthecookbook?A.PierreThiam. B.FuchsiaDunlop.C.TamarAdler. D.NatashaPickowicz.2.WhatdoSimplyWestAfricanandTheEverlastingMealCookbookhaveincommon?A.Theyarethewriters’latestbooks. B.Theyadvocatelowerfoodwaste.C.Theyhavethesamenumberofrecipes. D.TheyaimtoshareWestAfricandishes.3.Whichbookfavorscake-bakinglovers?A.SimplyWestAfrican. B.InvitationtoaBanquet.C.TheEverlastingMealCookbook. D.MoreThanCake.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。美食書籍可以將一種文化帶入生活。文章介紹了幾本美食書，里面充滿了美味的食物，以及有趣和引人入勝的故事?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“FuchsiaDunlop’sbookexaminesclassicChinesedishes,likemapotofu,soupdumplingsandDongpopork.(FuchsiaDunlop的書探討了麻婆豆腐、湯團和東坡肉等經(jīng)典中國菜肴)”可知，F(xiàn)uchsiaDunlop在這本烹飪書中探索中國飲食文化。故選B項。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“PierreThiam’slatestbookaimstoshareeveryday,easy-to-cookrecipeslikebakedginger-chiliplantainkelewele.(PierreThiam的新書旨在分享日常、容易烹飪的食譜，比如烤姜椒大蕉燉菜)”及“TamarAdlerseekstomakeleftoversmoreappealingandlowerfoodwasteintheprocesswithherlatestbook,whichcontainsaround1,500recipes.(TamarAdler在她的新書中試圖讓剩菜更有吸引力，并在這個過程中減少食物浪費，這本書包含了大約1500種食譜)”可知，SimplyWestAfrican和TheEverlastingMealCookbook的共同特點是他們都是作者最新的書籍。故選A線【3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一本書中的“MoreThanCakeisherfirstcookbook,fullofinvaluabletipslikehowtobuildalayer(層)cake(MoreThanCake是她的第一本烹飪書，里面有很多寶貴的技巧，比如如何制作層蛋糕)”可知，蛋糕烘焙愛好者青睞于MoreThanCake。故填D項。五、（2024年北京市第一次普通高中學(xué)業(yè)水平合格性考試）完形填空OnebusdriverfortheNorthElementarySchoolcannowaddlifesavertoherexperiencesafterastudentstartedchoking(窒息)onherbuslastmonth.OnSept.29,busdriverRaquelBakerbeganherworkjustlikeanyotherdriversandwasabouttodropoffstudentsattheschoolgatewhensomethingwentwrong.Videofromtheschoolbusshowed7-year-oldPrestonputtingsomethinginhis____1____andthendroppingdownbetweentheseats,clearlyin____2____.Itwashardfortheboyto____3____awordbuthemanagedtomentionsomethingaboutacoin.Baker____4____stoodup,tookholdofhimandranoutofthe____5____.“Onmywaytothesidewalk,IwasactuallyperformingtheHeimlichmaneuver(海姆利克氏操作法),”shesaid.Prestonhardly____6____andBakerdidn’twasteanytimetojumpintoaction.Thewholetimeshewassaying,“Baby,breathe,baby,breathe.”Prestonwasblueintheface.Bakersawaparentandaskedhertocall911.“AllIcouldthinkofwasIhadto____7____thisboy,”Bakersaid.ShehadneverperformedtheHeimlichbefore,buther____8____onthefirstaidgivenbytheschoolonemonthagoworked.“Iwas____9____atthetime,butIjustcouldn’tbescared,”shesaid.Shedidn’tevenrealizewhenthe____10____flewoutofPreston’smouthuntilPrestonsaid,“MissBaker,I’mOK.Icanbreathe.”Preston’smumwas____11____forBaker’shelp.Theschool’sheadmasterwasalsotouchedand____12____herforherlife-savingwork.“Asoftoday,I’mstillinshock.Ireallycan’tbelievethatthisactuallyhappened.Ididn’treallyrealizewhatabig____13____Ihad,”Bakersaid.UntiltodayBakerstilldoesn’tknowhowshegotthe____14____todowhatshedidthatday,____15____sheknowsthis,“IfIwasn’tthere,otherdriversmayhavedoneitaswell,”Bakersaid.1.A.bag B.bottle C.mouth D.pocket2.A.danger B.peace C.surprise D.silence3.A.write B.say C.spell D.hear4.A.luckily B.formally C.quietly D.quickly5.A.bus B.room C.yard D.school6.A.slept B.breathed C.saw D.listened7.A.find B.feed C.save D.meet8.A.habit B.training C.belief D.income9.A.nervous B.glad C.disappointed D.curious10.A.eraser B.chalk C.key D.coin11.A.sorry B.sad C.anxious D.thankful12.A.corrected B.changed C.honored D.cured13.A.future B.impact C.dream D.mistake14.A.permit B.right C.method D.courage15.A.or B.so C.but D.for【答案】1.C2.A3.B4.D5.A6.B7.C8.B9.A10.D11.D12.C13.B14.D15.C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了公交車司機RaquelBaker救了一名吞食硬幣導(dǎo)致窒息的男孩Preston?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：校車上的視頻顯示，7歲的普雷斯頓把東西放進嘴里，然后掉到座位之間，顯然處于危險之中。A.bag包；B.bottle瓶子；C.mouth嘴巴；D.pocket口袋。根據(jù)后文“awordbuthemanagedtomentionsomethingaboutacoin”可知，男孩把硬幣放進了嘴里。故選C?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：校車上的視頻顯示，7歲的普雷斯頓把東西放進嘴里，然后掉到座位之間，顯然處于危險之中。A.danger危險；B.peace和平；C.surprise驚訝；D.silence沉默。根據(jù)后文“Baby,breathe,baby,breathe.”可知，因為被硬幣卡住了，男孩無法呼吸，處在危險之中。故選A。【3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這個男孩很難開口說話，但他設(shè)法提到了一枚硬幣。A.write寫；B.say說；C.spell拼寫；D.hear聽見。根據(jù)后文“awordbuthemanagedtomentionsomethingaboutacoin”可知，男孩吞了硬幣，說不出來話了，故選B。4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：貝克迅速站起來，抓住他，跑出了車。A.luckily幸運地；B.formally正式地；C.quietly安靜地；D.quickly快速地。根據(jù)后文“stoodup,tookholdofhimandranoutofthe”可知貝克迅速采取了行動。故選D?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：貝克迅速站起來，抓住他，跑出了車。A.bus公交車；B.room房間；C.yard院子；D.school學(xué)校。根據(jù)后文“Onmywaytothesidewalk”可知，貝克帶著男孩跑下了車。故選A?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：普雷斯頓幾乎沒有呼吸，貝克也沒有浪費任何時間投入行動。A.slept睡覺；B.breathed呼吸；C.saw看見；D.listened聽。根據(jù)后文“Baby,breathe,baby,breathe.”可知，男孩幾乎沒有呼吸，故選B。7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“我滿腦子想的都是我必須救這個男孩，”貝克說。A.find找到；B.feed喂養(yǎng)；C.save挽救；D.meet遇見。根據(jù)上文““Onmywaytothesidewalk,IwasactuallyperformingtheHeimlichmaneuver,”shesaid.(“在去人行道的路上，我實際上是在做海姆利克急救法，”她說。)”可知，貝克在想辦法救治男孩。故選C?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她以前從未做過海姆利克急救法，但一個月前學(xué)校給她的急救訓(xùn)練起了作用。A.habit習(xí)慣；B.training訓(xùn)練；C.belief信念；D.income收入。根據(jù)上文“ShehadneverperformedtheHeimlichbefore”以及but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說明此處指學(xué)校進行了急救訓(xùn)練，故選B?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“當(dāng)時我很緊張，但我就是不能害怕，”她說。A.nervous緊張的；B.glad高興的；C.disappointed失望的；D.curious好奇的。根據(jù)后文“atthetime,butIjustcouldn’tbescared”可知，要救人貝克感到緊張，但是沒有畏懼。故選A。【10題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她甚至沒有意識到硬幣從普雷斯頓的嘴里飛了出來，直到普雷斯頓說:“貝克小姐，我沒事。我能呼吸了?！盇.eraser橡皮擦；B.chalk粉筆；C.key關(guān)鍵；D.coin硬幣。呼應(yīng)上文“hemanagedtomentionsomethingaboutacoin.”指硬幣被吐出來了。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：普雷斯頓的媽媽非常感謝貝克的幫助。A.sorry抱歉的；B.sad悲傷的；C.anxious焦慮的；D.thankful感謝的。根據(jù)上文“Preston’smum”可知，貝克救了男孩，因此男孩的母親表示感謝。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：學(xué)校的校長也很感動，并對她拯救生命的工作表示敬意。A.corrected糾正；B.changed改變；C.honored尊重；D.cured治愈。根據(jù)后文“herforherlife-savingwork”可知，貝克救了男孩，學(xué)校的校長也很感動，并對她拯救生命的工作表示敬意。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我真的沒有意識到我的影響有多大，”貝克說。A.future未來；B.impact影響；C.dream夢想；D.mistake錯誤。根據(jù)上文貝克救了這個男孩，所以是指對男孩的影響很大。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：直到今天，貝克仍然不知道她那天是怎么鼓起勇氣去做那件事的，但她知道，“如果我不在那里，其他司機可能也會這么做，”貝克說。A.permit允許；B.right權(quán)利；C.method方法；D.courage勇氣。根據(jù)上文可知，貝克雖然緊張，但是仍然用自己學(xué)到的急救知識救了男孩，所以此處指救男孩這件事的勇氣。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：直到今天，貝克仍然不知道她那天是怎么鼓起勇氣去做那件事的，但她知道，“如果我不在那里，其他司機可能也會這么做，”貝克說。A.or或者；B.so所以；C.but但是；D.for為了。結(jié)合前后文語境可知為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用連詞but。故選C。六、（安徽省蕭縣鵬程中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期第一次月考）任務(wù)型閱讀你校正在開展“向民族英雄學(xué)習(xí)”的活動。請你給學(xué)校英語報寫一篇短文，談?wù)勀恪靶闹械拿褡逵⑿邸眱?nèi)容包括：1.英雄人物簡介；2.成為你心中英雄的原因；3.向英雄學(xué)習(xí)。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.短文題目與首句已寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)。TheNationalHeroInMyHeartAsweknow,mostpeoplehaveanationalheroorheroesintheirhearts.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Asweknow,mostpeoplehaveanationalheroorheroesintheirhearts.Forme,YuanLongping,aChinesegreatagriculturalscientistandacademicianoftheChineseAcademyofEngineering,isactuallymynationalhero.HewasbornonSeptember7th,1930.Inthe1960s,Chinaexperiencedfamineandhecameupwithanideaforhybridizingrice.In1973,hedevelopedanewwayofgrowingriceandhencenewricewasdeveloped.In1979,histechniqueforhybridricewasintroducedintotheUnitedStates,whichwasthefirstcaseofintellectualpropertyrightstransferinthehistoryofChina.Withthedevelopmentofnewrice,gonearethedayswhenChinesepeoplesufferfromterriblestarvation,andmorecountriesoftheworldareabletogrowmorericetofeedthegrowingworldpopulation.Weshouldlearnfromhimthespiritofstrivingforthewell-beingofmankind.