二十四節(jié)氣（中英雙語）二十四節(jié)氣（24Solarterms）分別是：立春BeginningofSpring，雨水RainWater，驚蟄AwakeningofInsects(WakingofInsects)，春分SpringEquinox，清明PureBrightness，谷雨GrainRain，立夏BeginningofSummer，小滿GrainBuds(GrainFull/LesserFullness)，芒種GraininEar，夏至SummerSolstice，小暑MinorHeat(SlightHeat)，大暑MajorHeat(GreatHight)，立秋BeginningofAutumn，處暑EndofHeat(LimitofHeat)，白露WhiteDew，秋分AutumnEquinox，寒露ColdDew，霜降Frost’sDescent，立冬BeginningofWinter，小雪MinorSnow(SlightSnow)，大雪MajorSnow(GreatSnow)，冬至WinterSolstice，小寒MinorCold(SlightCold)，大寒MajorCold(GreatCold)。The24solartermsarespecificfestivalsinthetraditionalChineseLunisolarcalendarsthatrepresentchangesinnaturalrhythms.Therearefourseasonsofoneyear,threemonthseachinSpring,Summer,Autumn,andWinter,withtwosolartermspermonth;eachsolartermhasitsuniquemeaning.

SolartermswereinitiallybasedontherotationoftheBigDipperinancienttimes.Themoderndefinitionuseseclipticlongitudes,whichdividetheannualmotionpathoftheSuninto24equalparts,with1equalpartevery15°and1equalpartasasolarterm,startingfromtheBeginningofSpringandendinginGreaterCold.

二十四節(jié)氣是日歷中特定的節(jié)日，代表著自然節(jié)奏的變化。每個月有兩個節(jié)氣，每個節(jié)氣都有其獨特的含義。二十四節(jié)氣原是依據(jù)北斗七星斗柄旋轉(zhuǎn)指向指定?，F(xiàn)行確立二十四節(jié)氣依據(jù)太陽在回歸黃道上的位置，即在一個為360°圓周的黃道上，劃分24等分，每15°為1等分，始于立春，終于大寒。The24solartermsofferasubtleblendofastronomy,agriculture,phenology,andChinesefolklore,notonlyaccuratelyreflectingchangesinclimateandnaturalphenomenabutalsoplayingagreatdealinguidingagriculturalproductionandcelebrationactivities.Theseactivitiesareworshipinggods,missingtheirancestors,endingtheoldthingsandwelcomingthenew,andprayingforaharvestyear.二十四節(jié)氣將天文、農(nóng)事、物候和民俗巧妙的結合，不僅準確反映了氣候和自然現(xiàn)象變化的規(guī)律，而且在指導農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和慶?；顒臃矫姘l(fā)揮了很大作用。這些活動包括拜神、祭祀、辭舊迎新、祈求豐收。ThebeginningofSpring立春（2/3~2/5）ThebeginningofSpring

isthe1stsolarterm,usuallystartingonFeb4andendingonFeb18.ItstartswhentheSunreachesthe

celestiallongitude

of315°andendswhenitreachesthelongitudeof330°.

ItmoreoftenrefersinparticulartothedaywhentheSunisexactlyatthecelestiallongitudeof315°.Themostnotablefeatureisthateverythinginnatureshowssignsofrecovery.TheTropicofCanceranditssouthinChinagiveforthanodorofspring,butformostregionsinNorthChina,everythinghasnotyetrecoveredbecauseitisstillwinter.Farmersoftencelebratethetermwithspecialvillageevents,worship,andofferingstotheTaoistandBuddhistgodsandceremoniesforablissfulandprosperousnewyear.BeatingtheSpringox,

postingspringcalligraphyandpaintings,erectingtheegg,andeating

springrolls

aretraditionalfolkactivities.

立春，為二十四節(jié)氣之首。通常于公歷2月4日開始，到2月18日結束。始于當太陽到達黃經(jīng)315°時，終于太陽到達黃經(jīng)330°。通常特指太陽正好處于黃經(jīng)315°的那一天。立春最顯著的特征是自然界萬物開始有復蘇的跡象。在中國北回歸線及其以南一帶，可明顯感覺到早春的氣息撲面而來。而對于華北北大部分地區(qū)來說，萬物尚未復蘇，還處于萬物閉藏的的冬天。農(nóng)民們通常通過特殊的鄉(xiāng)村節(jié)慶活動、拜神祭祖等慶典儀式來慶祝立春，期望新的一年能幸福安康。民間有打春牛、貼春畫、立春蛋、吃春卷的習俗。RainWater雨水（2/18~2/20）Thesecondterm

RainWatermeansthestartofrainfall,withmostrainfallbeingmainlylightordrizzly.ItbeginswhentheSunreachesthe

\o"Celestiallongitude"celestiallongitude

of330°andendswhenitreachesthelongitudeof345°.ItmoreoftenrefersinparticulartothedaywhentheSunisexactlyatthecelestiallongitudeof330°.Inthe

Gregorian,itusuallybeginsaround19Februaryandendsaround5March.Afterawarmspringrain,leavessproutfromtrees.AccordingtoanoldChinesesaying,therainfallinspringisaspreciousasoil.OneofthemajorcustomsduringRainWaterisforhusbandstovisittheirin-lawsandgivegifts.AnotheroftheHanethnicfolkcustomsthathaveexistedintheSichuanregionsinceancienttimesisthatparentswouldgoouttofindagod-parentfortheirChildren.

第二個節(jié)氣雨水標示著降雨開始，降雨量多以小雨或毛毛細雨為主。雨水始于太陽到達天文經(jīng)度330°，結束于太陽到達天文經(jīng)度345°。它通常特指太陽正好處于天文經(jīng)度330°的那一天。在公歷中，它通常于2月19日左右開始，3月5日左右結束。一場細微春雨過后，葉子開始發(fā)芽。農(nóng)民們都說“春雨貴如油”。雨水節(jié)的一個重要習俗是接壽，即祝福岳父岳母長命百歲。拉保保是四川地區(qū)古往有之的漢族民俗文化；拉保保即父母給孩子認干爹干媽的意思。Insectsawakening驚蟄（3/5~3/6）Jingzheisthe3rdofthe24solarterms.ItbeginswhentheSunreachesthecelestiallongitudeof345°andendswhenitreachesthelongitudeof360°.Moreoften,itreferstothedaywhentheSunisexactlyatacelestiallongitudeof345°.IntheGregoriancalendar,itusuallybeginsaroundMarch5andendsaroundMarch20.TraditionalChinesefolkloresaysthatoninsectsawakening,thunderstormswillwakeupthehibernatinginsects,whichimpliesthattheweatherisgettingwarmer.Itisanextremelyimportanttimeforfarmersandiswidelyseenasthebeginningofthebusiesttimeforagriculturalwork.Peachblossomswillbeinfullbloom,itisawidelypracticedcustominChinatoeatpearswhileappreciatingthepeachblossoms.VillainhittingisfolksorcerypopularinGuangdongandHongKongbecausepeoplebelievethunderawakensdifferentkindsofspirits,includingvillains.Consequently,thevillainhittingonthisdayservestopreventthoseharmfultoothers.Itspurposeistocurseone’senemiesusingmagic.驚蟄是24節(jié)氣中的第3個節(jié)氣。它開始于太陽到達天文經(jīng)度345°，結束于太陽到達天文經(jīng)度360°。更多的時候，它指的是太陽正好處于天文經(jīng)度345°的那一天。在公歷中，它通常在3月5日左右開始，在3月20日左右結束。所謂“春雷驚百蟲”，是指驚蟄時節(jié)，春雷始鳴，驚醒蟄伏的蟄蟲，這意味著氣溫回暖。對農(nóng)民來說，這是一個極其重要的時刻，是春耕開始的時節(jié)。正值桃花盛開之時，中國人素有賞桃花，吃梨的習俗。打小人是一種流行于廣東和香港的民間習俗，因為人們相信春雷能喚醒包括惡棍在內(nèi)的各種鬼魂.因此在驚蟄這天打小人是為了防止那些惡棍傷害別人。SpringEquinox春分（3/19~3/22）SpringEquinoxisthe4thsolarterm.ItbeginswhentheSunreachesthecelestiallongitudeof0°andendswhenitreachesthelongitudeof15°.IntheGregoriancalendar,itusuallybeginsaround20Marchandendsaround5April.ItmoreoftenrefersinparticulartothedaywhentheSunisexactlyatthecelestiallongitudeof0°.SpringEquinoxisthedaywhendayandnightshareequallength.ChinacomesspringtimeexceptfortheQinghai-TibetPlateau,NortheastChina,NorthwestChina,andthenorthernpartofNorthChina.Duringthisseason,Chinesefolkshavecustomssuchasflyingkites,eatingseasonalvegetables,andplaying

Egg-standinggames.春分是第四個節(jié)氣。從太陽到達黃經(jīng)0°開始，到黃經(jīng)15°結束。在公歷中，它通常在3月20日左右開始，在4月5日左右結束。它通常特別指太陽正好處于天文經(jīng)度0°的那一天。春分日晝夜平分。中國除青藏高原、東北地區(qū)、西北地區(qū)和華北地區(qū)北部外都進入明媚的春天。在這時節(jié)，中國民間有放風箏，吃春菜，立蛋等風俗。QingmingFestival清明（4/4~4/5）ThetermfreshGreenorQingming

isalsoknownas

Tomb-SweepingDay,

usuallyon4or5April.Inspacepartitioning,Qingmingbeginswhenthesunreachesthecelestiallongitudeof15°andendswhenitreachesthelongitudeof30°.Itmoreoftenrefersinparticulartothedaywhenthesunisexactlyatthecelestiallongitudeof15°.Temperaturesbegintoriseandrainfallincreases,makingitacrucialtimeforplowingandsowing.Itwasoriginallyconsideredthedaywiththebestspringweatherwhenmanypeoplewouldgooutandtravel.Chinesefamiliesvisitthetombsoftheirancestorstocleanthegravesitesandmakeritualofferingstotheirancestors.Offeringswouldtypicallyincludetraditionalfooddishesandtheburningof

josssticks

and

josspaper.Theholidayrecognizesthetraditional

reverenceofone’sancestors

inChineseculture.Tomb-sweepingDayeatsgreenfood.ThereisacustomofeatinggreengroupsinthesouthoftheYangtzeRiverandeatingSanziinthenorthandsouthofChina.Thetomb-sweepingseasonisalsothebestseasonforeatingsnails.Inaddition,therearecustomsofeatingvariousnutritiousfoodssuchaseggs,cakes,sandwichcakes,ricedumplings,steamedbuns,Qingmingcakes,dryporridge,etc.

清明節(jié)氣通常在每年的4月4日或5日。清明從太陽到達天文經(jīng)度15°開始，到太陽到達天文經(jīng)度30°結束。它通常特別指太陽正好處于黃經(jīng)15°的那一天。清明期間氣溫開始上升，降雨量增加，這是耕種和播種的關鍵時期。清明節(jié)既是一個掃墓祭祖的肅穆節(jié)日，也是人們親近自然、踏青游玩的最佳時節(jié)。中國家庭通常會去祭祖掃墓,并會準備食物作為祭品，還會燒香和燒紙錢。清明節(jié)是禮敬祖先、慎終追遠的一種文化傳統(tǒng)。清明節(jié)要吃青的食物。江南有吃青團的習俗，中國南北各地有吃馓子的食俗。清明節(jié)也是吃蝸牛的最佳時節(jié)。此外，中國南北各地在清明佳節(jié)時還有吃雞蛋、蛋糕、夾心餅、清明粽、清明粿、饃糍、清明粑、粥等多種習俗。GrainRain谷雨（4/19~4/21）The6thtermisGrainRain.ItbeginswhentheSunreachesthecelestiallongitudeof30°andendswhenitreachesthelongitudeof45°.ItmoreoftenrefersinparticulartothedaywhentheSunisexactlyatthecelestiallongitudeof30°.IntheGregoriancalendar,itusuallybeginsaroundApril20andendsaroundMay5.Traditionally,GrainRain,marksthebeginningofwarmertemperaturesandtheonsetoftherainyseason,makingitanimportantperiodforfarmerstoensureasatisfactoryharvestfortherestoftheyear.ItisthetimeofPeonyblossoming,andpeoplewouldadmirepeonieswhiledrinkingspringtea.TheGrainRainfestivaliscelebratedbyfishingvillagesinthecoastalareasofnorthernChina.PeopleinnorthernChinahavethetraditionofeatingChinesetoon,aleafyvegetablenativetoeasternandsoutheasternAsia.

第六個節(jié)氣谷雨,它開始于太陽到達天文經(jīng)度30°，結束于太陽到達天文經(jīng)度45°。它通常特別指太陽正好處于天文經(jīng)度30°的那一天。在公歷中，它通常在4月20日左右開始，在5月5日左右結束。谷雨標志著氣溫回升和雨季的開始，正是莊稼生長的最佳時節(jié)，也是能確保農(nóng)民獲得好收成的重要時期。此間也是牡丹花開的時節(jié)，人們會一邊品春茶一邊賞花。在中國北方沿海一帶，漁民們過谷雨節(jié)。中國北方人有吃香椿的傳統(tǒng)，這是一種原產(chǎn)于東亞和東南亞的葉菜。Thebeginningofsummer立夏（5/5~5/7）Thebeginningofsummeristhe7thsolarterm.ItbeginswhentheSunreachesthecelestiallongitudeof45°andendswhenitreachesthelongitudeof60°.ThewordLixiamostoftenrefersspecificallytothefirstdayofthisperiod,thedaywhentheSunisexactlyatthecelestiallongitudeof45°.IntheGregoriancalendar,thisisaroundMay5,andtheLixiaperiodendswiththebeginningofthenextsolarterm,Xiaoman,aroundMay21.DuetotheimportanceofsummerintheagrariansocietyofancientChina,thedayisassociatedwithmanyculturaltraditions,whichvarybyregion.Duringthebeginningofsummerallyearround,manypartsofsouthernChinacomesummer,whilemostpartsofthenortharestillinspring,especiallyinsomepartsofNortheastChina,whichhavejustbidfarewelltosnowyweather.FarmersfromthesouthoftheYangtzeRivereatthethreenewcrops:cherries,greenplums,andwheat.Thesethreeearly-ripeningcropsarejustintimetoharvest,andtraditionallypeoplewouldusethemasreligiousofferings.Anothertraditionisweighingpeople,acomplicatedprocessthatdatesbacktoancientChinaasasymbolofgoodhealthforthecomingsummer.立夏是第七個節(jié)氣。它開始于太陽到達天文經(jīng)度45°，結束于太陽到達天文經(jīng)度60°?！傲⑾摹币辉~通常特指這個時期的第一天，即太陽正好位于黃經(jīng)45°的那一天。在公歷中，這是在5月5日左右，立夏期結束于下一個節(jié)氣小滿的開始，大約在5月21日。古時人們非常重視立夏的禮俗，在立夏的這天，人們會舉行各種迎夏儀式，這些儀式習俗也因地區(qū)而異。常年立夏時節(jié)，我國南方多地開始進入夏季，而北方大部仍在仲春或暮春時節(jié)，尤其東北一些地方才剛告別降雪天氣，步入春天。江南的立夏習俗里有所謂的“見三新”:櫻桃、青梅和小麥。人們先以這“三新”祭祖，然后人們嘗食剛長出的鮮嫩物。另一個習俗是秤人，流程很繁瑣，可以追溯到古代中國，象征著來年夏天身體健康。LesserFullness小滿（5/20~5/22）The8thSolartermisLesserFullness.ItbeginswhentheSunreachesthecelestiallongitudeof60°andendswhenitreachesthelongitudeof75°.ItmoreoftenrefersinparticulartothedaywhentheSunisexactlyatthecelestiallongitudeof60°.IntheGregoriancalendar,itusuallybeginsaround21Mayandendsaround6June.LesserFullnesshastwomeanings.Onereferstotheabundanceofrainwatersincetheriversaregraduallyfillingupbecauseoftherainstorminthesouthbeginningtoincreasewithfrequentprecipitation;theotheronerelatestoagriculturalwheat,whichmeanstheseedsofsummercropsareplumpinthenorthernregion.Itisaseasonforeatingtheherbofthecommonsowthistle,fishandshrimp,andmulberries.Ancientpeoplebelieveallhavespirits,andofferingsacrificetotheritualtohonortheDeityofChariotsisanancientcustominsomeruralareas.PeopleinJiangsuandZhejiangprovincesregardthisseasonasthebirthdayofthesilkwormdeity.Thosewhoengagedinthesilkindustrythankedthedeitybyofferingsacrificesandstagingperformances.第八個節(jié)氣是小滿，它開始于太陽到達天文經(jīng)度60°，結束于太陽到達天文經(jīng)度75°。它通常特別指太陽正好處于天文經(jīng)度60°的那一天。在公歷中，它通常在5月21日左右開始，在6月6日左右結束?！靶M”有兩層含義。第一是指由于南方暴雨增多，降雨頻繁，江河漸滿，指雨水之盈；另一個與農(nóng)業(yè)小麥有關，這意味著中國北方地區(qū)麥類等夏熟作物籽粒已開始飽滿。這是一個吃苦菜、魚、蝦和桑葚的季節(jié)。古人信仰萬物有靈，祭車神是一些農(nóng)村地區(qū)古老的小滿習俗。江浙一帶在小滿節(jié)氣期間有一個祈蠶節(jié)。蠶農(nóng)和絲綢商通過祭祀活動和表演來慶祝蠶神誕辰。GraininEar芒種（6/5~6/7）GraininEaristheninthsolarterm.ItbeginswhentheSunreachesthecelestiallongitudeof75°andendswhenitreachesthelongitudeof90°.ItmoreoftenrefersinparticulartothedaywhentheSunisexactlyatthecelestiallongitudeof75°.IntheGregoriancalendar,itusuallybeginsaroundJune6andendsaroundJune21.ThearrivalofGraininEarindicatedCropswithawnsshouldbeplantednolaterthanthistime.Itisthebusiesttimetotransplantlatericeseedlingsandthedeadlineforplantingactivitiesinthesouthernregion,whilepeopleinthenorthernregionarebusyharvestingtheripeningwheat.InSouthChina,itisagoodtimetoboilgreenplums.InancientChina,DuringGraininEar,peopleholdsacrificialceremoniestobidfarewelltotheFlowerGoddessandshowtheirgratitude.Today,thiscustomdoesnotexistinmanyareasofChina.

SeedlingprotectionisatraditionalfarmingactivityofsouthernAnhuiprovince,astheyholdthesacrificialceremonytoprayforgoodharvestsinthefall.YoungstersoftheDongpeopleinsoutheasternGuizhouprovinceholdmudwrestlingmatches.

芒種是第九個節(jié)氣。它開始于太陽到達天文經(jīng)度75°，結束于太陽到達天文經(jīng)度90°。它通常特別指太陽正好處于天文經(jīng)度75°的那一天。在公歷中，它通常在6月6日左右開始，在6月21日左右結束。芒種含義是“有芒之谷類作物可種，過此即失效”。在稻作地區(qū)的南方，“芒種”是插秧種稻的忙碌時節(jié)，也是晚稻種植的最晚時間；北方地區(qū)正是夏熟作物麥子收獲之時。在中國南方，這是煮青梅的好時機。古時民間多在芒種日舉行祭祀花神儀式，餞送花神歸位，同時表達對花神的感激之情，盼望來年再次相會。遺憾的是此俗今已不存。安苗是安徽南部的農(nóng)事習俗活動，各地舉行安苗祭祀活動，祈求秋天的好收成。貴州省東南部侗族的年輕男女，每年芒種前后都要舉行打泥巴戰(zhàn)節(jié)。Thesummersolstice夏至（6/21~6/22）Thesummersolsticeisthe10thsolarterm.ItbeginswhentheSunreachesthecelestiallongitudeof90°andendswhenitreachesthelongitudeof105°.ThewordxiazhimostoftenrefersspecificallytothedaywhentheSunisexactlyatthecelestiallongitudeof90°.IntheGregoriancalendar,thisisaround21June,andtheXiazhiperiodendswiththebeginningofthenextsolarterm,Xiaoshu,around7July.ThesummersolsticeisthelongestdayoftheyearintheNorthernHemisphere.Sinceancienttimes,thesummersolsticehasbeenmarkedbyritualsandfestivitiesinChina.Therearecustomstocelebrateabountifulharvestandoffersacrificestotheirancestorsatthistime,toprayforaprosperousyear.CustomsvaryfromregionofChina.Forexample,peoplefromBeijingeatnoodles;innorthwestChina,suchasShaanxi,ricedumplingsareeatenandchrysanthemumsareusedasashestopreventwheatfrombeingdamagedbypests;andpeopleintheLingnanareaeatdogsandlycheestocelebratetheday.小暑是第是個節(jié)氣。它開始于太陽到達天文經(jīng)度90°，結束于太陽到達天文經(jīng)度105°。夏至這個詞通常特指太陽正好處于黃經(jīng)90°的那一天。在公歷中，這是在6月21日左右，夏至時期結束于下一個節(jié)氣——小暑的開始，大約在7月7日。夏至是北半球一年中白晝最長的一天。夏至是“四時八節(jié)”之一，自古以來人們會舉行各種定期節(jié)日和節(jié)日宴飲活動。民間有在此時慶祝豐收、祭祀祖先之俗，以祈求消災年豐的習俗。中國各地的夏至習俗各不相同，比如北京人在夏至這天講究吃面，在中國西北地區(qū)如陜西，夏至食粽，并取菊為灰用來防止小麥受蟲害；夏至吃狗肉和荔枝，是嶺南一帶的人的獨特的民間飲食文化。LesserHeat小暑（7/6~7/8）LesserHeatisthe11thsolarterm.ItbeginswhentheSunreachesthecelestiallongitudeof105°(moreoftenreferringinparticulartotheprecisedaywhenourstarisexactlyatthisone),andendswhenitreachesthe120th(intheGregoriancalendaritusuallybeginsaround7Julyandendsaround23July).DuringLesserHeat,mostareasinChinaarefrequentlyaccompaniedbythunderstorms.Thereisafolkcustomof“eatingnewrice”insouthernChinaintheolddays,whichmeansfarmersmillpaddyintorice,worshiptheFiveGrainsGodandancestors,andtheneveryonedrinksthericewine.Inthenorthernregion,thereisatraditionofeatingdumplingsbecausedumplingssymbolizefullofblessings.小暑是第十一個節(jié)氣。它開始于太陽到達天文經(jīng)度105°時(更經(jīng)常指的是這一天)，結束于它到達120°時(在公歷中，它通常在7月7日左右開始，在7月23日左右結束)。中國多地自小暑起進入雷暴最多的時節(jié)。在過去中國南方地區(qū)民間有小暑“食新米”習俗，農(nóng)民將新割的稻谷碾成米后，做好飯供祀五谷大神和祖先，然后人人吃嘗新酒。在北方地區(qū)有吃餃子的傳統(tǒng)，因餃子象征著福氣滿滿。Greaterheat大暑（7/22~7/24）Greaterheatisthe12thsolartermwhichisthehottestperiodoftheyear.ItbeginswhentheSunreachesthecelestiallongitudeof120°andendswhenitreachesthelongitudeof135°.ItmoreoftenrefersinparticulartothedaywhentheSunisexactlyatthecelestiallongitudeof120°.IntheGregoriancalendar,itusuallybeginsaround23Julyandendsaround7August.SendingoutthesummerboatisanactivitypracticedbyfishermenfromZhejiang,withrichfolkartperformancestowishforahealthylife.Someregionswouldsliceorextractgingerandmixitwithbrownsugar,putitinacontainer,andletitdryinthesun.DrinkingsummerteaknownasthetraditionalChineseherbalteaisalsopopularduringtheday.第12個節(jié)氣大暑是一年中最炎熱的節(jié)氣。它開始于太陽到達天文經(jīng)度120°，結束于太陽到達天文經(jīng)度135°。它通常特別指太陽正好處于天文經(jīng)度120°的那一天。在公歷中，它通常在7月23日左右開始，并在8月7日左右結束。送“大暑船”是浙江沿海地區(qū)漁村都有的民間傳統(tǒng)習俗，伴有豐富多彩的民間文藝表演，其意義是祝愿平安健康。有些地區(qū)人們會把生姜切片或者榨汁后與紅糖攪拌在一起，裝入容器中放在太陽下晾曬。有些地方會喝用中草藥煮成的三伏天喝的茶。Thebeginningofautumn立秋（8/7~8/8）Thebeginningofautumnisthe13thsolarterm.ItbeginswhentheSunreachesthecelestiallongitudeof135°andendswhenitreachesthelongitudeof150°.ItmoreoftenrefersinparticulartothedaywhentheSunisexactlyatthecelestiallongitudeof135°.IntheGregoriancalendar,itusuallybeginsaroundAugust7andendsaroundAugust23.Thebeginningofautumnsignifieseverythinginnaturestartstogrowfromprosperitytomaturity.Thesowingisbehind,nowisthetimetoreap.Soonthatday,farmerswillworshipthelocalGodoflandwithtraditionalceremoniestocelebratetheharvest.InthevastruralareasofChina,ithasbeencustomarytohonortheirancestorswithfreshwatermelonsandkidneybeans.

立秋是第13個節(jié)氣。從太陽到達黃經(jīng)135°開始，到黃經(jīng)150°結束。它通常特別指太陽正好處于黃經(jīng)135°的那一天。在公歷中，它通常在8月7日左右開始，在8月23日左右結束。立秋意味著在自然界萬物開始從繁茂成長趨向成熟。播種已過，現(xiàn)在是收獲的季節(jié)。民間有在立秋時祭祀土地神，慶祝豐收的習俗.一直以來在中國廣大農(nóng)村，在立秋這天有以西瓜、四季豆嘗新奠祖的風俗。TheEndofHeat處暑（8/22~8/24）TheEndofHeatisthe14thsolartermshowsthatscorchingsummerdayswillsoonbegone.ItbeginswhentheSunreachesthecelestiallongitudeof150°andendswhenitreachesthelongitudeof165°.ItmoreoftenrefersinparticulartothedaywhentheSunisexactlyatthecelestiallongitudeof150°.IntheGregoriancalendar,itusuallybeginsaround23Augustandendsaround7September.InmostpartsofChina,itisabusyharvestseasonforfarmersandfishermen.TheHungry-GhostFestivalfallsaroundtheEndofHeat,peopleshouldgotocleangravesandlightincenseinmemoryoftheirancestors.Activitiesduringtheperiodwouldincludepreparingritualisticfoodofferings,burningincense,andburningjosspaper,apapier-Macheformofmaterialitemssuchasclothes,gold,andotherfinegoodsforvisitingspiritsofancestors.Otherfestivitiesmayincludebuyingandreleasingminiaturepaperboatsandlanternsonwater,whichsignifiesgivingdirectionstothelostghostsandspiritsofancestorsandotherdeities.Thereisacustomofeatingducks.Astheduckswimsinthewater,itcarriesthemeaningofprayingwithitslamp.處暑是第14個節(jié)氣,預示著炎炎夏日即將過去。它開始于太陽到達天文經(jīng)度150°，結束于太陽到達天文經(jīng)度165°。它通常特別指太陽正好處于天文經(jīng)度150°的那一天。在公歷中，它通常在8月23日左右開始，在9月7日左右結束。在中國大部分地區(qū)，這是農(nóng)民和漁民們忙碌的收獲季節(jié)。處暑前后民間會有慶?！捌咴掳搿钡拿袼谆顒?，人們會去掃墓、燒香以紀念他們的祖先。在此期間的活動包括準備祭祀用的食物，燒香，燒紙錢，紙錢是一種紙糊形式的物質(zhì)物品，如衣服，黃金和其他精美的物品來祭奠祖先。其他的慶祝活動還包括放河燈，是為了給迷失的靈魂和其他孤魂野鬼指路。很多地方都會吃鴨子，因鴨在水中游，取其河燈普渡祈禱之涵意。TheWhiteDew白露（9/7~9/9）TheWhiteDewisthe15thsolarterm.ItbeginswhentheSunreachesthecelestiallongitudeof165°andendswhenitreachesthelongitudeof180°.ItmoreoftenrefersinparticulartothedaywhentheSunisexactlyatthecelestiallongitudeof165°.IntheGregoriancalendar,itusuallybeginsaroundSeptember7andendsaroundSeptember23.Mid-AutumnFestivaliscelebratedaroundthistime.ThesolartermmeansvariousregionsofChinahavegraduallyenteredautumn.Therearemoreandmoredews,socollectingdewsbecomesaunique“ritual”becausetheChinesebelievedewsaregoodforhealth.ItisalsothebesttimetodrinkwhiteDewteaandeatsweetpotatoes.WhiteDewisatimeforpeopleintheTaihuLakeareaofEastChinatooffersacrificestoDaYu,aherowhotamedfloodsbyregulatingriversandwatercourses.

白露是第15個節(jié)氣。它開始于太陽到達天文經(jīng)度165°，結束于太陽到達天文經(jīng)度180°。它通常特別指太陽正好處于天文經(jīng)度165°的那一天。在公歷中，它通常在9月7日左右開始，9月23日左右結束。中秋節(jié)大約在這個時候慶祝。白露節(jié)氣意味著中國各地已逐漸進入秋天。露珠越來越多，中國民間在白露節(jié)氣有“收清露”的獨特習俗，因為中國人相信露珠愈百病。白露也是喝白露茶和吃紅薯的最佳時節(jié)。白露是中國東部太湖地區(qū)人們祭祀治水英雄大禹的節(jié)日。AutumnalEquinox秋分（9/22~9/24）AutumnalEquinoxisthe16thsolarterm.ItbeginswhentheSunreachesthecelestiallongitudeof180°andendswhenitreachesthelongitudeof195°.ItmoreoftenrefersinparticulartothedaywhentheSunisexactlyatthecelestiallongitudeof180°.IntheGregoriancalendar,itusuallybeginsaroundSeptember23andendsaroundOctober8.

OnAutumnalEquinox,thesunisonthehorizonalldaylongattheNorthandSouthPoles.Theautumnalequinoxusedtobethetraditional“MoonFestival”,andtheMid-AutumnFestivaldevelopedfromit.TheMid-AutumnFestivaloriginatesfromtheancientpeople’ssacrificetothemoon,whichistheremainsandderivativeoftheChinesecustomofsacrificingtothemoon.TheChinesegovernmenthassettheAutumnEquinoxastheChineseFarmers’HarvestFestivalsince2018.秋分是第16個節(jié)氣。它開始于太陽到達天文經(jīng)度180°，結束于太陽到達天文經(jīng)度195°。它通常特別指太陽正好處于天文經(jīng)度180°的那一天。在公歷中，它通常在9月23日左右開始，10月8日左右結束。在秋分這天，在南北兩極太陽整日都在地平線上。秋分曾是傳統(tǒng)的“祭月節(jié)”,現(xiàn)在的中秋節(jié)則由傳統(tǒng)的秋分“祭月”而來。中秋節(jié)起源于古代人們的祭祀月亮的活動，是中國祭祀月神習俗的遺存和衍生。自2018年起，中國政府將秋分定為中國農(nóng)民豐收節(jié)。ColdDew寒露（10/7~10/9）ColdDewisthe17thsolarterm.ItbeginswhentheSunreachesthecelestiallongitudeof195°andendswhenitreachesthelongitudeof210°.ItmoreoftenrefersinparticulartothedaywhentheSunisexactlyatthecelestiallongitudeof195°.IntheGregoriancalendar,itusuallybeginsaroundOctober8andendsaroundOctober23.Whenthehumidityishigh,therewillbefoggyregionsformedinmanyareasofChina.Butwinterhasarrivedinthevastareasofthenorth.Itisagoodtimetoenjoytheviewoftheredmapleleaves,eatsesameseedsandcrabs,anddrinkautumntea.寒露是第十七個節(jié)氣。它開始于太陽到達天文經(jīng)度195°，結束于太陽到達天文經(jīng)度210°。它通常特別指太陽正好處于天文經(jīng)度195°的那一天。在公歷中，它通常在10月8日左右開始，10月23日左右結束。南方秋意漸濃，氣爽風涼，少雨干燥。北方廣大地區(qū)已呈現(xiàn)冬天景象。寒露傳統(tǒng)習俗主要有賞楓葉、吃芝麻、吃螃蟹、飲秋茶等。FirstFrost霜降（10/23~10/24）FirstFrostisthelastsolarterminautumnandthe18thsolarterm.ItbeginswhentheSunreachesthecelestiallongitudeof210°andendswhenitreachesthelongitudeof225°.ItmoreoftenrefersinparticulartothedaywhentheSunisexactlyatthecelestiallongitudeof210°.IntheGregoriancalendar,itusuallybeginsaroundOctober23andendsaroundNovember7.Itrepresentsthesignificantchangesintemperaturedifferencebetweendayandnight.Chrysanthemumsareinfullbloomanditisagoodtimetoenjoyanddrinkthemontheday.InsomepartsofChina,redpersimmonsandboilinglambshouldbeeatenastonicfoodsforahealthierlife.PeopleinareassuchasDaxinCountyinGuangxiZhuangautonomousregioncelebratethefirstdayofFrost’sDescent.IntheFrost’sDescentFestival,theZhuangpeopleoffersacrifices,danceandsingfolksongs.霜降是秋季的最后一個節(jié)氣，是第18個節(jié)氣。它開始于太陽到達天文經(jīng)度210°，結束于太陽到達天文經(jīng)度225°。它通常特別指太陽正好處于天文經(jīng)度210°的那一天。在公歷中，它通常在10月23日左右開始，11月7日左右結束。霜降表示氣溫驟降、晝夜溫差大。正值賞菊和喝菊花茶的好時節(jié)。在中國的一些地方，霜降時節(jié)要吃紅柿子和保養(yǎng)肉來進補。廣西壯族自治區(qū)大新縣等地的人們慶祝霜降節(jié)。霜降節(jié)期間，壯族人舉行祭祀，跳舞，唱民歌等慶?；顒印hebeginningofWinter立冬（11/7~11/8）Thebeginningofwinteristhe19thsolarterm.ItbeginswhentheSunreachesthecelestiallongitudeof225°andendswhenitreachesthelongitudeof240°.ItmoreoftenrefersinparticulartothedaywhentheSunisexactlyatthecelestiallongitudeof225°.IntheGregoriancalendar,itusuallybeginsaroundNovember7andendsaroundNovember22.ThebeginningofWinteristhetransitionperiodfromautumntowinter.Itusedtobeaveryimportantfestival,andcelebrationsinvariousregionswerealsovariedbecauseChinausedtobeanagriculturalsociety,wherefarmerstookthedaytorestandrewardtheirfamiliesfortheirhardworkoverthepastyear.InsomepartsofChina,farmersofferseasonaldelicaciestohonortheirancestorsandholdbanquetstoprayforabountifulyearforthecomingyear.YifanFestivalisoneofthemostimportantfestivalsoftheMulamethnicminorityintheGuangxiZhuangautonomousregion.立冬是第19個節(jié)氣。它開始于太陽到達天文經(jīng)度225°，結束于太陽到達天文經(jīng)度240°。它通常特別指太陽正好處于天文經(jīng)度225°的那一天。在公歷中，它通常在11月7日左右開始，在11月22日左右結束。立冬是由秋季向冬季過渡的時節(jié)。立冬是個非常重要的節(jié)日，各地慶?；顒右卜浅ＸS富。中國過去是個農(nóng)耕社會，勞動了一年的人們利用立冬這一天要休息一下，順便犒賞一家人一年來的辛苦。在中國部分地區(qū)，農(nóng)民們會以時令佳品向祖靈祭祀，并飲宴為來年祈福。衣飯節(jié)是是流行于廣西壯族自治區(qū)仫佬族特有的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，國家級非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)之一。LittleSnow小雪（11/22~11/23）LittleSnowisthe20thsolarterm.ItbeginswhentheSunreachesthecelestiallongitudeof240°andendswhenitreachesthelongitudeof255°.ItmoreoftenrefersinparticulartothedaywhentheSunisexactlyatthecelestiallongitudeof240°.IntheGregoriancalendar,itusuallybeginsaround22Novemberandendsaround7December.ThearrivaloftheLittleSnowmeansthatitgetscolderandtheprecipitationwillaccumulate.Asthefarmingproverbgoes,itwillhaveagoodabundantharvestnextyearifthereissnowonthisday.Mostfamiliesinruralareaswillpicklevegetablesandmeat,which,bytheChineseSpringFestival,wouldbereadytoenjoy.Inthesouth,thereisalsothecustomofeatingglutinousricecakes.TheTujia’sannualeventwillbeheldtowelcometheNewYearduringthisperiod.小雪節(jié)氣是第20個節(jié)氣。它開始于太陽到達天文經(jīng)度240°，結束于太陽到達天文經(jīng)度255°。它通常特別指太陽正好處于天文經(jīng)度240°的那一天。在公歷中，它通常在11月22日左右開始，在12月7日左右結束。小雪節(jié)氣的到來，意味著天氣會越來越冷、降水量漸增.農(nóng)諺道：“小雪雪滿天，來年必豐年?！贝蠖鄶?shù)農(nóng)村家庭會腌制咸菜臘肉儲備起來，等到春節(jié)時正好享受美食。在南方某些地方，還有吃糍粑的習俗。土家族群眾又開始了一年一度的“殺年豬，迎新年”民俗活動。Heavysnow大雪（12/6~12/8）Heavysnowisthe21stsolarterm,whichmarksgettingcolderinmidwinter.ItbeginswhentheSunreachesthecelestiallongitudeof255°andendswhenitreachesthelongitudeof270°.ItmoreoftenrefersinparticulartothedaywhentheSunisexactlyatthecelestiallongitudeof255°.IntheGregoriancalendar,itusuallybeginsaround7Decemberandendsaround22December.Atthistime,outsideeachhousehungwithpickledproductssuchasbacon,sausages,andsaltedfish,asbeautifulscenery.Thechildrencanmakesnowmenandhavesnowballfights.大雪是第21個節(jié)氣，標志著天氣越來越冷。它開始于太陽到達天文經(jīng)度255°，結束于太陽到達天文經(jīng)度270°。它通常特別指太陽正好處于天文經(jīng)度255°的那一天。在公歷中，它通常在12月7日左右開始，在12月22日左右結束。此時，每家每戶的門外都掛滿了咸肉、香腸、咸魚等腌制產(chǎn)品，成為一道美麗的風景線。孩子們可以在冰天雪地里堆雪人，打雪仗。Thewintersolstice冬至（12/21~12/23）Dongzhiisthe22ndsolarterm,andmarksthewintersolstice.ItbeginswhentheSunreachesthecelestiallongitudeof270°andendswhenitreachesthelongitudeof285°.ItmoreoftenrefersinparticulartothedaywhentheSunisexactlyatthecelestiallongitudeof270°.IntheGregoriancalendar,itusuallybeginsaround22Decemberandendsaround5January.Thewintersolsticeistheday’sshortestdaytimeandlongestdarknessinthenorthernhemisphere.ItisnotonlyanimportantsolartermintheChineseLunarcalendarbutalsoatraditional