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知識(shí)講練課Unit1FriendshipPeriodWordsandexpressions:1.Youwillignore

thebellandgosomewherequiettocalmyourfrienddown.你就不要理會(huì)鈴聲了，找個(gè)安靜的地方去安慰你的朋友?！居^察思考】1）Imadeasuggestionbuttheychosetoignoreit.

我提了個(gè)建議，但他們不予理會(huì)。2）Heignoredallthe'NoSmoking'signsandlitupacigarette.

他無(wú)視所有"禁止吸煙"的警示，點(diǎn)了香煙。3）Hewasdrivingveryfastbecausehewasignorantofthespeedlimit.他車開得很快，因?yàn)樗恢酪匏佟?）Hisfailureresultedfromignorance.他的失敗起因于他的無(wú)知?！練w納總結(jié)】ignore是_____詞，whichmeans：1)topaynoattentiontosomething,意為“____________”；2)topretendthatyouhavenotseensomebody意為“_______________”；ignorant是_____詞，意為“_______________”；ignorance是_____詞，意為“_______________”?！军c(diǎn)撥】動(dòng);1）忽視，對(duì)某事不予理會(huì)；2）佯裝未見，不予理睬；形容；無(wú)知的；名；無(wú)知【嘗試運(yùn)用】用ignore及其派生詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1)Isaidhellotoher,butshe________mecompletely.2)Iwas________ofthefactthatthebosscouldbesostrict.3)Weareincomplete________ofhisplans.4)He________thedoctor’sadviceandgoesonsmoking.【點(diǎn)撥】1)ignored2)ignorant3)ignorance4)ignores【觀察思考】Wewaitedinsideuntilthingscalmeddown.

我們待在室內(nèi)，直到一切都恢復(fù)了平靜。2)Hetookafewdeepbreathstocalmhimselfdown.

他深深地吸了幾口氣，使自己平靜下來(lái)。3)Keepcalm

whenindanger.

身處危險(xiǎn)時(shí)要保持鎮(zhèn)定。4)Theysatintheyardtoenjoythecalmoftheevening.

他們坐在院子里享受這夜晚的寧?kù)o?！練w納總結(jié)】calm(sb)down意為“_______________”；calm也可用作________詞或________詞;keepcalm表示“_______________”?！军c(diǎn)撥】“平靜下來(lái),使某人平靜下來(lái)”;形容；名；保持鎮(zhèn)定’【助記】Whenfacingdanger，oneshouldkeepcalm；whentakenphotos，oneshouldkeepstill；whensomeoneelseisasleep，oneshouldkeepquiet；inclass，oneshouldn’tkeepsilentabouttheteacher’squestions.一個(gè)人面對(duì)危險(xiǎn)時(shí)，應(yīng)該保持鎮(zhèn)靜；照相時(shí)，要保持不動(dòng)；當(dāng)其他人睡覺(jué)時(shí)，應(yīng)保持安靜；在課堂上，對(duì)老師的提問(wèn)不應(yīng)保持沉默。

【嘗試運(yùn)用】用calm，quiet，still和silent填空。1)Pleasebe________.Don’tmakesomuchnoise.2)Stand_______whileItakeaphotoofyou.

3)WhateverIaskedhim，Kerrystillkept_______.

4)Wemustbe_______inanemergency.

5)Afterthestorm，theseawas_______.【點(diǎn)撥】1)quiet2)still3)silent4)calm5)calm【辨析】calm指人時(shí)，表示鎮(zhèn)靜、平和的心情；修飾天氣、海洋等時(shí)，表示風(fēng)平浪靜的“平靜”狀態(tài)。2)quiet指環(huán)境安靜，沒(méi)有聲音，或是指人不吵鬧，心里沒(méi)有煩惱、焦慮。3)silent指人“沉默、不說(shuō)話”或指環(huán)境“寂靜的、無(wú)聲的”。4)still意為“靜止的；不動(dòng)的”，著重強(qiáng)調(diào)人“完全不動(dòng)；毫無(wú)聲音”。2.Orareyouafraidthatyourfriendwouldlaughatyou，orwouldnotunderstandwhatyouaregoingthrough？你是不是擔(dān)心朋友會(huì)嘲笑你，會(huì)不理解你目前的處境？【觀察思考】

1)Mostfamilies

wentthroughalotinthewar.戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中多數(shù)家庭經(jīng)歷過(guò)很多困難。2）Ican’t

gothroughthelettersinanhour.一個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間我可審閱不完這些信。3）Theplandidn’tgothroughtheCEO.這計(jì)劃未被CEO接受。4）Hehasgonethroughallhismoneyforhisillness.他因病而花光了所有的錢。【歸納總結(jié)】

‘gothrough’means‘toexperienceorsuffersomething’,意為“_______________________”，無(wú)____________語(yǔ)態(tài)?！军c(diǎn)撥】

“經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受；仔細(xì)查看；通過(guò)；用光”;被動(dòng)【嘗試運(yùn)用】1)Thepolice_______thebuilding,hopingtocatchthethief.A.lookedfor B.searchedfor C.foundout D.wentthrough2)Whenwearegettingexcited,angryorscared,ourbodiesalso________manyphysicalchanges.A.goover B.goaround C.gothrough D.gofor【點(diǎn)撥】

1)D2)C4....Istayedawakeonpurposeuntilhalfpasteleveninordertohaveagoodlookatthemoonbymyself.直到11點(diǎn)半，我故意不睡覺(jué)，為的是獨(dú)自好好看看月亮?！居^察思考】1)

Hecamehereonpurposetotellyouthetruth.他來(lái)這兒專門告訴你真相。2)Inordertocatchupwithothers,youshouldtryharder.為了趕上別人，你應(yīng)更加努力。3)Hehidhimselfamongthetreesinordernotto

becaught.為了不被逮住，他藏在樹林中?！練w納總結(jié)】

onpurpose意為“__________”，與purposely同義；inordertodosth=______________,_______________一般不用在句首,其否定形式為_______________________________,在句中作__________狀語(yǔ)?！军c(diǎn)撥】“故意地”；soastodosth；inordernottodosth/soasnottodosth,目的。SentenceStructures:1.Whilewalkingthedog，youwerecarelessanditgotlooseandwashitbyacar.溜狗的時(shí)候，你很粗心讓它松扣了并被車撞了?！居^察思考】

1)Hefellasleepwhile(hewas)doinghishomework.

他做作業(yè)時(shí)睡著了。2)When(hewas)laughedat,hewantedtocry.

當(dāng)他被嘲笑時(shí)，他想哭?！練w納總結(jié)】

whilewalkingthedog=whileyouwerewalkingthedog。本句中while后面省略了主語(yǔ)you和be動(dòng)詞were。由此可見，when或while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,如果從句中的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，且謂語(yǔ)含有be動(dòng)詞，可省略從句中的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞?！練w納總結(jié)】

whilewalkingthedog=whileyouwerewalkingthedog。本句中while后面省略了主語(yǔ)you和be動(dòng)詞were。由此可見，when或while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,如果從句中的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，且謂語(yǔ)含有be動(dòng)詞，可省略從句中的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞?！緡L試運(yùn)用】While______________inthecountryside,hemademanyfriendswiththenativesthere.A.worked B.working

C.heworks D.heisworking【點(diǎn)撥】B2.Iwonderifit’sbecauseIhaven’tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthat

I’vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.我不知道這是不是因?yàn)槲议L(zhǎng)久無(wú)法出門的緣故，我變得對(duì)一切與大自然有關(guān)的事物都無(wú)比狂熱。【觀察思考】1)ItwasyesterdaythatImetAnninthestreet.我是昨天在街上遇見安的。2)Itishewhoisgoingtospeakattheschoolmeeting.是他要在校會(huì)上發(fā)言。3)ItwasinthestreetthatImetmyoldfriendyesterday.昨天我是在街上碰到了我的老朋友。4)Wasityouthat/wholetoutthesecrettoher?是你把這個(gè)秘密泄露給她的嗎？【歸納總結(jié)】

本句含有Itis/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who+其他成分的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型可對(duì)句中的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)，若強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語(yǔ)是人，后面的that也可用who代替。

ImetLiMingattherailwaystationyesterday.

1)ItwasI

that/whometLiMingattherailwaystationyesterday.(強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ))2)ItwasLiMingthat/whomImetattherailwaystationyesterday.(強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ))3)ItwasyesterdaythatImetLiMingattherailwaystation.(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ))【嘗試運(yùn)用】Idon’tmindhercriticizingme,but______ishowshedoesitthatIamagainst.A.it B.that C.thisD.which2)Itisnotwhoisrightbutwhatisright______isofimportance.A.which B.it C.that D.this【點(diǎn)撥】1)A2)C3.…itwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthatI’dseenthenightfacetoface...……這是我一年半以來(lái)第一次目睹夜晚……【觀察思考】

1)Itisthefirsttimethattheboyhasgonehomealone.這是那個(gè)男孩第一次單獨(dú)回家。2)Thiswasthefourthtimeshehadrungyouinaweek.這是她一周內(nèi)第四次給你打電話。3)ThatwillbethetenthtimethatIhavevisitedBeijing.那將是我第十次參觀北京?！練w納總結(jié)】

It/This/Thatisthefirst(second,third…)time

(that)sb.have/haddonesth是一常用句型，意為“某人第一（二、三…）次做某事”。從句中的時(shí)態(tài)須用

完成時(shí)態(tài)?！緡L試運(yùn)用】It’sthefirsttimethathe_____________(write)aletterinEnglish.2)—Doyouknowourtownatall?—No,thisisthefirsttimeI_______here.A.was B.amcoming C.cameD.havebeen【點(diǎn)撥】1)haswritten2)D4．Anothertimefivemonthsago,Ihappenedtobeupstairsatduskwhenthewindowwasopen.還有一次，就在五個(gè)月以前的一個(gè)黃昏，我碰巧在樓上，窗戶是開著的。【觀察思考】1)Shehappenedtobeoutwhenwecalled.

我們打電話時(shí)她剛巧不在家。2)Youdon’thappentoknowhisname,doyou?

你不會(huì)碰巧知道他的名字吧？3）Ithappenedthatshewaso