山西省運(yùn)城市向陽學(xué)校2021年高三英語期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Mydaughter,_____jobrequireshertodoalotoftravelling,isalwaysawayfromhomealot.

A.which B.that C.whose D.where參考答案：C2.Thechildrenfound

afunthingtoplayinthepark.A.this B.it C.that D.不填參考答案：B3.—Excuseme,butIdon’tthinkyoucansmokehere.—Reallysorry,I

thisisanon–smokingroom

A．don’tknow

B．didn’tknow

C．havenoidea

D．haven’tknown參考答案：B4.Atpresent,thebutterfactoryisstillpollutingtheriverthoughit_____tostop. A.ordered B.hasordered C.willbeordered D.hasbeenordered參考答案：D5.Thehappiestarenotthosewhoownallthebestthings,butthosewhoappreciatethebeautyoflife.A.can B.should C.must D.may參考答案：A考查情態(tài)動詞。句意:最幸福的人不是那些擁有所有最好的東西的人,而是那些會欣賞生活中的美好的人。從句意看出這里表示"會,能夠",故用can。34.【2012湖南】Bicyclingisgoodexercise;____,itdoesnotpollutetheair.

A.nevertheless

B.besides

C.otherwise

D.therefore參考答案：B略7.語音知識(共5小題,每小題1分,滿分5分)

從四個選項(xiàng)中找出劃線部分與所給單詞的劃線部分讀音相同的選項(xiàng)。1.example

A.exact

B.excellent

C.expression

D.exercise2.fasten

A.handsome

B.vacation

C.disaster

D.national3.author

A.worthy

B.breathe

C.length

D.smooth4.break

A.steal

B.great

C.deaf

D.breakfast5.season

A.satisfied

B.absence

C.case

D.excuse參考答案：1-5:ACCBD略8.Ladiesandgentlemen,pleasefastenyourseatbelts.Theplane__________.A.takesoff

B.hastakenoff

C.istakingoff

D.tookoff參考答案：C9.Whilerisingtochallengesmayexposeyoutogreattrouble,inthelongrun,youwillfindit________.A.practical

B.avoidable

C.beneficial

D.accessible參考答案：C10.TheMostBeautifulVillageTeacher,hostedbyCCTV,honorstheteachers__________valuablecontributionsareworthytoberespectedbyeveryChinese.A.ofwhom

B.ofwhich

C.that

D.whose參考答案：D11.--_______matterstodothejobwell---whatyouareorwhereyoucomefrom?---Neither.Itdependsonwhetheryouputyourheartintoit.A.Whichisitthat

B.WhatitisthatC.Whichitisthat

D.Whatisitwhich參考答案：A12.Thebiggestproblemformostplants,which________justgetupandrunawaywhenthreatened,isthatanimalsliketoeatthem.

A.shan’t

B.can’t

C.needn’t

D.mustn’t

參考答案：B解析：.情態(tài)動詞基本意思判斷.意思是:當(dāng)遭受威脅時不能夠起身逃跑.13.Studentsarerequiredtogooutincouples,especiallyintheevenings,withfriends______theygetintotrouble．

A.evenif

B.ifonly

C.incase

D.when參考答案：C略14.Weneedtopreventpollution________drivingcarslessanddevelopingrenewableenergy.A．by

B．from

C．with

D．a(chǎn)gainst參考答案：A15._______asaseriousproblematpresent,ithasdrawnalotofpeople’sattention.

A.Recognize

B.Recognized

C.Beingrecognized

D.Havingrecognized參考答案：B23.Shehadalmostreachedherdestinationwhenadelicioussmell______herprogressandshestopped.

A.deleted

B.scratched

C.arrested

D.faded參考答案：C略17.Manymemoriesofoldtimeswere______bytheconversationwehadduringtheget-together.A.calledon

B.calledin

C.calledup

D.calledfor參考答案：C18.I’vebeentryingtoringherupallthemorningbutIcouldn’t_______.A.getthrough

B.gothrough

C.getover

D.goover參考答案：A二、書面表達(dá)19.國人出國游的不文明行為越來越受到廣泛關(guān)注。請以表格中所舉的事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)為依據(jù)，談?wù)勛约旱目捶?。不文明行為你的看法吐痰、亂丟垃圾、大叫······注意文明禮儀、維護(hù)中國人形象注意：1.可大膽地發(fā)散思維，拓展所給內(nèi)容。2.參考詞匯：亂丟垃圾litter（v）；形象image（n）；聲譽(yù)reputation（n）3.詞數(shù)120左右。參考答案：Onepossibleversion:AsmoreandmoreChinesegoonoverseastrips，reportsabouttheirbadmannersfloodin．ManyoverseasChineseareembarrassedwhenforeignersaskthemifallChineseshoutloudly．litterorspiteverywhere.ThepoorbehaviorofsomeChinesehasdonegreatharmtoourreputationforhavinggoodmanners.Chinahasbecomeanimportantcorneroftheglobalvillage.Wehavetounderstandandrespectothers’culturetogetalongwell.Sobeforeyougoonyournextoverseastrip,remembertolearnaboutthecultureandpeoplethere,whichaimstoimproveChina’simageinforeigners’eyes.You’llwinrespectforyourselfaswellasyourcountry天·星om權(quán)天·星om權(quán)T

天星版權(quán).20.假定你是李華，自制了一些中國結(jié)（Chineseknot）。給開網(wǎng)店的美國朋友Tom寫封信，請他代賣，要點(diǎn)包括：1.

外觀（尺寸、顏色、材料）2.

象征意義3.

價格注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案：DearTom,Howareyoudoing?IwonderifyoucouldsellsomeChineseknotsforme.Imadethemmyselfwithredstillthreads,clothsandothermaterials.Theylookreallybeautifulintheshapeofadiamond,about5incheslongand4incheswide.InChina,theseknotsstandforfriendship,loveandgoodluck.Peoplecaneithergivethemasgiftstofriendsorhangthemintheirhouses.Theyareonly12.99USdollarseach.Ifanyonewantstoknowmoreabouttheknots,letthemwritetome.Also,doletmeknowifyouneedfurtherinformation.Thankyou!LiHua【分析】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文，題目要求你給準(zhǔn)備給開網(wǎng)店的美國朋友Tom寫封信，請他代賣你的中國結(jié)。本文應(yīng)以一般現(xiàn)在時為主的時態(tài)，以第一人稱和第三人稱為主。要點(diǎn)主要包括以下三個方面：1.外觀（尺寸、顏色、材料）；2.象征意義；3.價格。寫作時切忌逐句翻譯，一定要用合適的連詞連接各要點(diǎn)，使之成為連貫的整體。同時盡量使用較多的高級詞匯和語法結(jié)構(gòu)，提升文章的層次?！驹斀狻康谝徊剑杭?xì)讀題目要求確定文章的時態(tài)與人稱。根據(jù)提示可知，本文時態(tài)應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時，以第一人稱和第三人稱為主。第二步：根據(jù)寫作要求，確定關(guān)鍵詞：Chineseknot（中國結(jié)）；sellsomeChineseknotsforme；madethemmyself；intheshapeof（是……形狀），standfor（代表）等。第三步：根據(jù)提示及關(guān)鍵詞（組）進(jìn)行遣詞造句，注意人稱，主謂一致和時態(tài)問題。第四步：連句成篇，注意使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞進(jìn)行句子之間的銜接與過渡，使文章銜接順暢；另外書寫一定要規(guī)范清晰，保持卷面整潔美觀?！军c(diǎn)睛】本文要點(diǎn)涵蓋全面，句式豐富，語篇連貫。段落層次分明，上下句轉(zhuǎn)換自然，為文章增色添彩。還有如賓語從句ifyousellsomeChineseknotsforme.和兩個if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句ifyouneedfurtherinformation和Ifanyonewantstoknowmoreabouttheknots等高級句式。另外還使用了謂語動詞的強(qiáng)調(diào)doletmeknow。以上高級句式結(jié)構(gòu)的使用顯示了很高的駕馭英語的能力。三、閱讀理解21.Likeinfectiousdiseases,ideasintheacademicworldareepidemic(傳染的).Butwhysometravelfarandwidewhileequallygoodoneshasbeenamystery?Nowateamofcomputerscientistshasusedanepidemiologicalmodeltosimulate(模仿)howideasmovefromoneacademicinstitutiontoanother.Themodelshowedthatideasoriginatingatfamousinstitutionscausedbigger“epidemics”thanequallygoodideasfromlessfamousplaces,explainsAllisonMorgan,acomputerscientistattheUniversityofColoradoBoulder.“Thisimpliesthatwhereanideaisbornshapeshowfaritspreads,”saysseniorauthorAaronClauset.Notonlyisthisunfair—“itrevealsabigweaknessinhowwe’redoingscience,”saysSimonDeDeo,aprofessorofsocialanddecisionsciencesatCarnegieMellonuniversity,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.“Therearemanyhighlytrainedpeoplewithgoodideaswhodonotendupattopinstitutions.Theyareproducinggoodideas,andweknowthoseideasaregettinglost,”DeDeosays.“Ourscience,ourscholarships,isnotasgoodbecauseofthis.”TheColoradoresearchersfirstlookedathowfivebigideasincomputersciencespreadtonewinstitutions.Theyfoundthathiringanewfacultymemberaccountedforthismovementalittlemorethanathirdofthetime--andin81percentofthosecases,transmissionstookplacefromhigher–tolower-prestige(聲望)universities.Thentheteamsimulatedthespreadofideasusinganinfectiousdiseasemodelandfoundthatthesizeofanidea“epidemic”dependedontheprestigeoftheoriginatinginstitution.Theresearchers’modelsuggeststhatthere“maybeanumberofquitegoodideasthatoriginateinthemiddleofthepack,intermsofuniversities.”Clausetsays.Thereisalotofgoodworkcomingoutoflessfamousplaces.hesays:“Youcanlearnahugeamountfromit,andyoucanlearnthingsthatotherpeopledon’tknowbecausethey’renotevenpayingattention.”12.Howdidthescientistscarryouttheirresearch?A.Bymakinguseofamodel. B.Byanalyzingpreviousdata.C.Bycomparingdifferentresults. D.Byinterviewingdifferentpeople.13.AccordingtoSimonDeDeo,WhatcanweinferinParagraph3?A.Allthepeoplewithhighereducationhavegoodideas.B.Somescholarshipsaren’tgiventotherightpeople.C.Mostgoodideascomefromnot-so-greatinstitutions.D.Peoplewithhighereducationshouldworkintopinstitutions.14.Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thecausesoftheresults. B.Theimportanceoftheresearch.C.Thefindingsoftheresearch. D.Thecharacteristicsofbigideas.15.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Spreadgoodideasasfaraspossible.B.Bestideascomefromtopinstitutions.C.Savegoodideasfromlessfamousplaces.D.Ideasfromtopinstitutionstravelfarther.參考答案：12.A

13.B

14.C

15.D本文為說明文。文章介紹了一種社會現(xiàn)象——頂級機(jī)構(gòu)的想法傳播得更遠(yuǎn)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段ateamofcomputerscientistshasusedanepidemiologicalmodeltosimulate…可知，科學(xué)家們利用模型進(jìn)行研究。故A選項(xiàng)正確?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。第三段SimonDedeo說：“這揭示了我們在科學(xué)方面的巨大弱點(diǎn)?！薄昂芏嗍苓^高等教育的人都有很好的想法，但最終卻沒有進(jìn)入頂尖機(jī)構(gòu)。他們正在產(chǎn)生好的想法，我們知道這些想法正在消失，”；“由于這一點(diǎn)，我們的科學(xué)，我們的獎學(xué)金沒有那么好?！庇纱丝赏茢啵行┆剬W(xué)金并沒有給對的人。故B選項(xiàng)正確?！?4題詳解】段落大意題。依據(jù)第四段TheyfoundthatThentheteamsimulatedthespreadofideasandfoundthat。由兩處foundthat可知，該段主要呈現(xiàn)研究的結(jié)果。故C選項(xiàng)正確?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。文章第一段提出一種社會現(xiàn)象，學(xué)術(shù)思想像傳染病一樣會流行，但為什么一些傳播的遠(yuǎn)而另一些卻不？后文通過流行病學(xué)建模實(shí)驗(yàn)來說明，來自名家機(jī)構(gòu)的思想要比來自不太著名地方的同樣好的思想更加的“流行”。因此D項(xiàng)“頂級機(jī)構(gòu)的想法傳播得更遠(yuǎn)”適合做最佳標(biāo)題。故D選項(xiàng)正確。22.LastweekIwasridingmyspecialmotorbikeandthenstoppedataconveniencestore.AsIwasgettingmywheelchairofftheback,amanwatchedmefromhiscarandInoticedawheelchairinhisbackseat.WespokeforamomentandIaskedhimaboutthewheelchair.Heansweredthatitwasforhisdaughter.“Well,doyouthinkshewouldliketogoforarideonmymotorbikewithme?”Iasked.Heseemedshockedthatatotalstrangerwouldaskhimthis.Hethoughtaboutitforasecondandsaid,“OK,aslongasIcanfollowyou.”HeintroducedmetoAmyandhesatheronmybackseat.Herfatherfollowedmeforafewmilesandshetalkednon-stopaboutwhatshewantedforChristmas.Aswecamebacktotheconveniencestore,shesaid,“ThisrideisthebestChristmaspresentIcouldeverreceive.Ihavebeeninawheelchairmywholelifeanddidn'tknowIcoulddothis.”ItoldheraboutsomeoftheotherthingsIdo(ski,traveltheworldbymyself,etc.).Asherfatherwastakingheroffmybike,sheturnedtohimandsaid,“OhDaddy,I'mgoingtobeOK.Mr.Bryantdoesallkindsofthings,andIwilltoo.”Herfatherturnedawayasatearofjoyrolleddownhischeek.Hehuggedmeandsaid,“IwassittinghereprayingforagiftforAmythatwouldencourageher.Sheoftenfeltthatherlifewasdullcomparedtootherchildren.Godansweredmyprayerjustnow.NowIpraythatGodwillblessyouforyourgifttoAmytoday.”Ibelievedwhathesaid.Beingkindandthoughtfultoothers,wecanbeananswertoprayer.24.Howdidthefatherfeelatfirstwhentheauthorinvitedhisdaughterforaride?A.Hewashappybecausehisdaughtercouldgainexcitement.B.Hewasmovedbecausetheauthorofferedtohelphisdaughter.C.Hefeltsurprisedbecausehedidn’tknowtheauthor.D.Hefeltnervousbecausehewasworrie