Chapter7正反、反正表達(dá)法

Affirmativevs.Negative原文1：Hethought,notveryvividly,ofhisfatherandmother.反說譯文：他并不是很鮮明地想到了他的爸爸和媽媽。正說譯文：他模模糊糊地想到了他的爸爸和媽媽。Ⅰ.E→CAffirmativeinEnglish,NegativeinChinese

1)SomeEnglishwordsorexpressionsareaffirmativeinform,butwithnegativeimplication.①Suchachancewasdenied(to)me.②Itwasbeyondhispowertosignsuchacontract.①Suchachancewasdenied(to)me.

我沒有得到這樣一個機(jī)會。②Itwasbeyondhispowertosignsuchacontract.他無權(quán)簽訂這樣的合同。2)ItismoreidimatictousenegativeChineseexpressionstotranslateaffirmativeEnglishexpressions.①Webelievethattheyoungergenerationwillproveworthyofourtrust.②Theexplanationisprettythin.①Webelievethattheyoungergenerationwillproveworthyofourtrust.我們相信，年青一代將不會辜負(fù)我們的信任。②Theexplanationisprettythin.這種解釋很不充分。3)Theuseoffour-characterChineseidiomsmakesthetranslationmorevividandforceful.Itwouldbemostdisastrousifevenarumourofitweregivenout.

甚至只要有一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)風(fēng)聲漏出去，結(jié)果都不堪設(shè)想。2.NegativeinEnglish,AffirmativeinChineseThisisjustoppositetothepreviouscases.①Hemanifestedastrongdislikeforhisfather’sbusiness.②Suchflightcouldn’tlongescapenotice.①Hemanifestedastrongdislikeforhisfather’sbusiness.他對他父親從事的行業(yè)表現(xiàn)出強(qiáng)烈的厭惡情緒。②Suchflightcouldn’tlongescapenotice.這類飛行遲早會被人發(fā)覺。3.DoubleNegativeforEmphasisinEnglish

DoublenegativeinEnglish,asinChinese,isusedforemphasis.Inthiscase,wemayeitherdropboththenegativewordsorkeeptheoriginal,dependingontheidiomaticexpressionoftheChineseversion.①Thereisnorulethathasnoexception.②Thereisnotanyadvantagewithoutdisadvantage.③Itisimpossiblebutthatamanwillmakesomemistakes.①Thereisnorulethathasnoexception.

任何規(guī)則都有例外。②Thereisnotanyadvantagewithoutdisadvantage.

有利必有弊。③In.(who/that…do/doesnot)

人不會不犯錯誤。4.SometrapsinEnglishNegativeStructure

特殊英語否定結(jié)構(gòu)的翻譯Hiddennegative隱形否定①Iamwiserthantobelievethat.②Hewouldbethelastmantosaysuchthings.③ThisisthelastplacewhereIexpectedtomeetyou.①Iamwiserthantobelievethat.我再蠢也不會相信這件事。②Hewouldbethelastmantosaysuchthings.他決不會說這樣的話。③ThisisthelastplacewhereIexpectedtomeetyou.我萬萬沒有想到會在這兒碰上你。2）否定轉(zhuǎn)移①動詞think,believe,suppose,imagine,expect,anticipate,guess…ButyoucannotsaythisofFowler’sDictionaryofModernEnglishUsage.Itisavaluablework.Idonotthinkanyonewritesowellthathecannotlearnmuchfromit.ButyoucannotsaythisofFowler’sDictionaryofModernEnglishUsage.Itisavaluablework.Idonotthinkanyonewritesowellthathecannotlearnmuchfromit.

但是，福勒的《現(xiàn)代英語用法詞典按》卻不是這種情況。這是一本很有價值的書。我認(rèn)為，任何人，無論文章寫得多好，他也會從中得到許多益處。②not…becauseTheenginedidn’tstopbecausethefuelwasfinished.

引擎并不是因?yàn)槿剂虾谋M而停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的。3)can/couldnot…too(無論怎樣…也不過分；越…越好)Youcannotbetoocarefulinproofreading.

校對時，越仔細(xì)越好。4）all,every,each,both,always…not部分否定①Allthatglittersisnotgold.

閃光的未必都是金子。②No,everythingisnotstraightenedout.

不，并非每一個問題都弄清楚了本意：拉直，弄順③Boththeapplicantscannotpasstheexamination.

這兩個考生未必都能通過考試。Ⅱ.C→E俗話說：“男兒有淚不輕彈，只因未到傷心處?！蔽覀?nèi)h同志一定要永遠(yuǎn)記取這個慘痛的歷史教訓(xùn)。正如沒經(jīng)歷過大事的人一樣，他是經(jīng)不起成功也經(jīng)不起失敗的。俗話說：“男兒有淚不輕彈，只因未到傷心處?！?/p>

Asthesayinggoes,“menonlyweepwhendeeplyhurt.”2.我們?nèi)h同志一定要永遠(yuǎn)記取這個慘痛的歷史教訓(xùn)。

NocomradeinthePartymusteverforgetthisbitterlesson.3.正如沒經(jīng)歷過大事的人一樣，他是經(jīng)不起成功也經(jīng)不起失敗的。

Likethoseoflittleexperience,hewaseasilyelatedbysuccessanddeflatedbyfailure.使得意忘形使挫敗Exercises1.Bothsidesthoughtthatthepeaceproposalwasonetheycouldacceptwithdignity.2.Don’tmakeyourconclusionbeforetheendoftheyear.4.Onecouldnotbetoocarefulinanewneighborhood.5.Icouldn’tfeelbetter.6.他一直希望自己能成為老板的助手。7.他開車時心不在焉，幾乎闖禍。1.Bothsidesthoughtthatthepeaceproposalwasonetheycouldacceptwithdignity.雙方都認(rèn)為可以不失體面地接受這個和平方案。2.Don’tmakeyourconclusionbeforetheendoftheyear.到年底再下結(jié)論吧。4.Onecouldnotbetoocarefulinanewneighborhood.

在一個陌生的地方，越小心越好。5.Icouldn’tf