書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-山東特殊教育職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Thetemperatureoftheatmospherebecomescolderaselevationincreases.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.altitude

B.aptitude

C.latitude

D.longitude

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)altitude“海拔”；B選項(xiàng)aptitude“天資”；C選項(xiàng)latitude“緯度”；D選項(xiàng)longitude“經(jīng)度”。句意：海拔越高，大氣溫度越低。劃線部分elevation是海拔的意思。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Thecompanyrecommendedthatanewpetrolstationbebuiltinthevalley.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.suggested

B.ordered

C.demanded

D.insisted

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)suggested“建議，推薦”；B選項(xiàng)ordered“命令，要求”；C選項(xiàng)demanded“要求，需求”；D選項(xiàng)insisted“堅(jiān)持”。句意：公司建議在山谷里建一個(gè)新的加油站。A選項(xiàng)與劃線詞詞義最近。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.填空題

Directions:Thispartconsistsofashortpassage.Inthispassage,therearealtogether10mistakes,oneineachnumberedline.Youmayhavetochangeaword,addawordordeleteaword.Ifyouchangeaword,crossitoutandwritethecorrectwordinthecorrespondingblank.Ifyouaddaword,putaninsertion(∧)inthecorrectplaceandwritethemissingwordintheblank.Ifyoudeleteaword,crossitoutandbesuretoputaslash(/)intheblank.

Example:

Televisionisrapidlybecomingtheliteratureofourperiod.

1._time_

Manyoftheargumentshavingusedforthestudyofliteratureasa

2.__/___

schoolsubjectarevalidfor∧studyoftelevision.

3._the__

Peoplewhosellgoodsandservicesoverthetelephoneare

calledtelemarketers.India,thePhilippines,ChinaandSouthAfrica

areamongcountrieswhiletelemarketingisagrowingindustry.Others,

1.______

suchasMauritius,wanttoenterintothebusiness.Thisshouldnotbe

2.______

difficultforcountriesofthetechnologyandinterests.Manyinternational

3.______

companieshavestartedtomovetheircallcenterjobstonationswhere

thewagesarehigher.Peoplemayhavenoideaifacallcenterworkeris

4.______

ontheothersideoftheworld.

Mostcallcentersareusednotonlyfortelemarketing.Workersalso

helpcustomers.Theycollectinformationwithcompanies.Infact,India’s

5.______

callcenterindustryhasdescribedas“thebackofficeoftheworld.”

6.______

AboutseventycompaniestheredotelemarketingforAmericanbusinesses.

Someexpertsestimatethatmorethan250,000telemarketingjobshave

alreadymovedoutoftheUnitedStates.Theseandotherjobsinthe

servicesindustryareexpectedtocontinuetoleaveofthecountry.

7.______

Thisamountcouldincreasedependingonhowalegalbattleovera

National“donotcall”listissettled.Morethanfifty-millionAmericanshave

signedontoanewgovernmentlisttopreventphonecallsfrom

telemarketers.Thesecallsofteninterferewithfamilytimesordinner.President

8.______

Bushsupportsthedo-not-calllist,thattookeffectthismonth.Telemarketers

9.______

couldfacelargefinesforviolations,thoughsomekindsofcallsarestill

permitted.Theindustrysaysthelistviolatestherightoffreespeech.Inaddition,

10.______

lawmakerswhorepresentareaswithcallcentersworryaboutthelossofjobs.

ThefearisthatmoreAmericancallcenterswillcloseormoveoverseasifthe

listisenforced.

【答案】1.while→where

2.into→/

3.of→with

4.higher→lower

5.with→for

6.has∧→been

7.of→/

8.times→time

9.that→which

10.of→to

【解析】1.考查關(guān)系代詞的使用。由關(guān)鍵詞countries“國家”可知，這里的先行詞是指地點(diǎn)，所以應(yīng)該用表示地點(diǎn)的關(guān)系代詞where。

2.考查動(dòng)詞用法。enter在句子中表示“進(jìn)入”，為及物動(dòng)詞，后面不需要跟介詞into，所以把into去掉。

3.考查介詞用法。of表示“……的”；根據(jù)句子Thisshouldnotbedifficultforcountriesofthetechnologyandinterests可知，句意為：這對擁有技術(shù)和利益的國家來說應(yīng)該不難。所以該句應(yīng)該用表達(dá)“有”的介詞with。

4.考查形容詞用法。根據(jù)句子Manyinternationalcompanieshavestartedtomovetheircallcenterjobstonationswherethewagesarehigher并結(jié)合上文可知句意為：許多跨國公司已經(jīng)開始將他們的呼叫中心工作轉(zhuǎn)移到工資更低的國家。higher表示“更高的”，所以這里應(yīng)該改為lower，表示“更低的”。

5.考查介詞用法。根據(jù)句子Theycollectinformationwithcompanies可知，句意為：他們?yōu)楣臼占畔ⅰ６鴚ith表示“和，有”的意思，所以應(yīng)該把with改為for，表示“為了”。

6.考查語態(tài)。根據(jù)句子India’scallcenterindustryhasdescribedas“thebackofficeoftheworld.”可知，句意為：印度的呼叫中心行業(yè)被稱為“世界的后臺辦公室”。callcenterindustry和described之間是被動(dòng)的語態(tài)，所以應(yīng)該在has后面跟been表示現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

7.考查介詞的使用。leave是及物動(dòng)詞，表示“離開”，后面不需要跟介詞，所以應(yīng)該將of去掉。

8.考查名詞的使用。times表示“倍數(shù)”，文中指的是“家庭時(shí)間”，應(yīng)該使用time，表示“時(shí)間”。

9.考查非限制性定語從句。根據(jù)list后面的逗號可知，這里是一個(gè)非限制性定語從句，而that不可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，所以只能用關(guān)系代詞which。

10.考查固定搭配。righttosth.固定搭配，表示“……的權(quán)利”，所以這里應(yīng)該將介詞of改為to。

4.問答題

Inthesedays,withtherisingcostoflife(A),itis(B)dangerousfor(C)amarriedmantoriskhisplaceinhisprofessionorinhiscommunity(D).

【答案】試題答案：A;costofliving

【解析】考查名詞辨析。life意為“生活，生命”，強(qiáng)調(diào)生活的狀態(tài)；living意為“生活，生計(jì)，謀生”，強(qiáng)調(diào)生計(jì)，costofliving意為“生活成本”。

5.單選題

Heputaspecial（）foranextraday’sholidayssothathecouldattendhisdaughter’swedding.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.request

B.inquiry

C.enquiry

D.proposal

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。request“請求，需要”；inquiry“探究，調(diào)查”；enquiry“詢問，詢盤”；proposal“提議，建議”。句意：他提出要請一天假以便能夠參加他女兒的婚禮。requestfor“要求，對…有請求”，只有A項(xiàng)符合句意。

6.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Informationistheprimarycommodityinmoreandmoreindustriestoday.

By2005,83%ofAmericanmanagementpersonnelwillbeknowledgeworker.EuropeandJapanarenotfarbehind.

By2005,halfofallknowledgeworkers(22%ofthelaborforce)willchoose“flextime,flexplace,flexarrangements,whichallowthemtoworkathome,communicatingwiththeofficeviacomputernetworks.

IntheUnitedStates,theso-called“digitaldivide”seemstobedisappearing.Inearly2000apollfoundthat,wherehalfofwhitehouseholdsownedcomputers,sodidfully43%ofAfrican-Americanhouseholds,andtheirnumberweregrowingrapidly.Hispanichouseholdscontinuedtolagbehind,buttheirrateofcomputerownershipwasexpandingaswell.

Company-ownedandindustry-widetelevisionnetworksarebringingprogrammingtothousandsoflocations.BusinessTVisbecomingbigbusiness.

Computercompetencewillapproach100%inUSurbanareasbytheyear2005,withEuropeandJapannotfarbehind.

80%ofUShomeswillhavecomputersin2005,comparedwithroughly50%now.

IntheUnitedStates,5ofthe10fastest-growingcareersbetweennowand2005willbecomputerrelated.Demandforprogrammersandsystemsanalystswillgrowby70%.ThesametrendisacceleratinginEurope,JapanandIndia.

By2005,nearlyallcollegetextsandmanyhighschoolandjuniorhighbookswillbetiedtoInternetsitesthatprovidesourcesmaterial,studyexercises,andrelevantnewsarticlestoaidinlearning.OtherswillcomewithCD-ROMsthatoffersimilarresources.

Internetlinkswillprovideaccesstothecardcataloguesofallthemajorlibrariesintheworldby2005.ItwillbepossibletocalluponaPCscreenmillionsofvolumesfromdistantlibraries.Websitesenhancebooksbyprovidingpictures,sound,film,clips,andflexibleindexingandsearchutilities.

Implications:AnyonewithaccesstotheInternetwillbeabletoachievetheeducationneededtobuildaproductivelifeinanincreasinglyhigh-techworld.ComputerlearningmayevenreducethegrowingAmericaprisonpopulation.

Knowledgeworkersaregenerallybetterpaidthanless-skilledworkers.Theirwealthisraisingoverallprosperity.

Evenentry-levelworkersandthoseinformerlyunskilledpositionsrequireagrowinglevelofeducation.Foragoodcareerinalmostanyfield,computercompetenceisamust.Thisisonemajortrendraisingthelevelofeducationrequiredforaproductiveroleintoday’sworkforce.Formanyworkers,theopportunityfortrainingisbecomingoneofthemostdesirablebenefitsanyjobcanoffer.

1.InformationtechnologyisexpectedtohaveimpactonallthefollowingEXCEPT（

）.

2.“digitaldivide”inthe4thparagraphrefersto（

）.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTaccordingtothepassage?

4.Whichofthefollowingareasisnotdiscussedinthepassage?

5.Attheendofthepassage,theauthorseemstoemphasize（

）inanincreasinglyhigh-techworld.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Americanmanagementpersonnel

B.Europeanmanagementpersonnel

C.Americanpeople’schoiceofcareer

D.traditionalpracticeatwork

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thegapintermsofcomputerownership

B.thetendencyofcomputerownership

C.thedividinglinebasedondigits

D.theethnicdistinctionamongAmericanhouseholds

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.By2005allcollegeandschoolstudymaterialswillturnelectronic.

B.By2005printedcollegeandschoolstudymaterialswillbesupplementedwithelectronicmaterial.

C.By2005somecollegeandschoolstudymaterialswillbeaccompaniedbyCD-ROMs.

D.By2005Internetlinksmakeworldwidelibrarysearchapossibility.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.futurecareers

B.Natureoffuturework

C.ethnicdifferences

D.Schoolsandlibraries

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.thevarietyofeducation

B.thecontentofeducation

C.theneedforeducation

D.thefunctionofeducation

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

A選項(xiàng)“美國管理人員”，第一步，精準(zhǔn)定位，定位到第二段By2005,83%ofAmericanmanagementpersonnelwillbeknowledgeworker.EuropeandJapanarenotfarbehind.（到2005年，83%的美國管理人員將是知識工作者。歐洲和日本也緊隨其后）；

B選項(xiàng)“歐洲管理人員”，同A選項(xiàng)解析；

C選項(xiàng)“美國人對職業(yè)的選擇”，定位到第三段By2005,halfofallknowledgeworkers(22%ofthelaborforce)willchoose“flextime,flexplace,flexarrangements…”（到2005年，一半的知識型員工（22%的勞動(dòng)力）將選擇“彈性工作時(shí)間、彈性工作地點(diǎn)、彈性安排……），由此可知C選項(xiàng)排除；

D選項(xiàng)“工作中的傳統(tǒng)做法”，文章沒有提及，這里屬于無中生有，所以答案選D。

第2題:判斷推理題。第一步，尋找句內(nèi)線索，定位到第四段第二句話Inearly2000apollfoundthat,wherehalfofwhitehouseholdsownedcomputers,sodidfully43%ofAfrican-Americanhouseholds,andtheirnumberweregrowingrapidly（2000年初的一項(xiàng)民意調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，一半的白人家庭擁有電腦，43%的非裔美國家庭也擁有電腦，而且這一數(shù)字還在迅速增長），這句話解釋了前文的數(shù)字鴻溝的消失，第二步，尋找上下文線索，第四段第一句內(nèi)容是數(shù)字鴻溝在消失，而這句內(nèi)容是黑人家庭電腦擁有率和白人家庭的差不多了，而且黑人家庭電腦擁有率還在上升，所以從這里可知數(shù)字鴻溝指的是A選項(xiàng)“計(jì)算機(jī)所有權(quán)方面的差距”；

B選項(xiàng)“計(jì)算機(jī)所有權(quán)的趨勢”，由上可知，無論是黑人還是白人，電腦的擁有量都是在增加的，屬于曲意理解。

C選項(xiàng)“基于數(shù)字的分界線”，文中沒有提及，屬于無中生有。

D選項(xiàng)“美國家庭的種族差異”，文中沒有提及，屬于無中生有。

第3題:判斷推理題。A選項(xiàng)“到2005年，所有大學(xué)和學(xué)校的學(xué)習(xí)材料都將電子化”；B選項(xiàng)“到2005年，大學(xué)和學(xué)校的學(xué)習(xí)材料將由電子材料補(bǔ)充”；C選項(xiàng)“到2005年，一些大學(xué)和學(xué)校的學(xué)習(xí)資料將附有唯讀光碟?！保籇選項(xiàng)“到2005年，因特網(wǎng)連接使全球圖書館搜索成為可能?！?。定位到文章第九段By2005,nearlyallcollegetextsandmanyhighschoolandjuniorhighbookswillbetiedtoInternetsitesthatprovidesourcesmaterial,studyexercises,andrelevantnewsarticlestoaidinlearning.OtherswillcomewithCD-ROMsthatoffersimilarresources.（到2005年，幾乎所有的大學(xué)課本以及許多高中和初中的課本都將與提供資料來源、學(xué)習(xí)練習(xí)和相關(guān)新聞文章的網(wǎng)站綁定，以幫助學(xué)習(xí)。其他的將附帶提供類似資源的cd-rom）從這里可知B、C選項(xiàng)正確，A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，所以答案選A；第十段第一句話Internetlinkswillprovideaccesstothecardcataloguesofallthemajorlibrariesintheworldby2005（到2005年，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)將提供世界上所有主要圖書館的卡片目錄），從這里可知選項(xiàng)D正確，所以不選。

第4題:判斷推理題。句意：下列那個(gè)領(lǐng)域沒有在文章中討論。A選項(xiàng)“未來職業(yè)”；B選項(xiàng)“未來職業(yè)的性質(zhì)”；C選項(xiàng)“種族差距”；D選項(xiàng)“學(xué)校和圖書館”。A選項(xiàng)定位到第二段By2005,83%ofAmericanmanagementpersonnelwillbeknowledgeworker.EuropeandJapanarenotfarbehind.（到2005年，83%的美國管理人員將是知識工作者。歐洲和日本也緊隨其后），從這里可知選項(xiàng)A話題有提及；定位到第四段第二句話Inearly2000apollfoundthat,wherehalfofwhitehouseholdsownedcomputers,sodidfully43%ofAfrican-Americanhouseholds,andtheirnumberweregrowingrapidly（2000年初的一項(xiàng)民意調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，一半的白人家庭擁有電腦，43%的非裔美國家庭也擁有電腦，而且這一數(shù)字還在迅速增長）這里講述了美國的數(shù)字鴻溝，討論了種族之間的差距，所以C選項(xiàng)文章有提及；D選項(xiàng)定位到文章第九段By2005,nearlyallcollegetextsandmanyhighschoolandjuniorhighbookswillbetiedtoInternetsitesthatprovidesourcesmaterial,studyexercises,andrelevantnewsarticlestoaidinlearning.OtherswillcomewithCD-ROMsthatoffersimilarresources.（到2005年，幾乎所有的大學(xué)課本以及許多高中和初中的課本都將與提供資料來源、學(xué)習(xí)練習(xí)和相關(guān)新聞文章的網(wǎng)站綁定，以幫助學(xué)習(xí)。其他的將附帶提供類似資源的cd-rom）這里可知D選項(xiàng)文章有提及；所以答案選B。

第5題:判斷推理題。題干：在文章的最后，作者似乎強(qiáng)調(diào)了（）在這個(gè)日益高科技的世界。A選項(xiàng)“教育的多樣”；B選項(xiàng)“教育的內(nèi)容”；C選項(xiàng)“教育的需求”；D選項(xiàng)“未來的教育”。最后一段第一二句Evenentry-levelworkersandthoseinformerlyunskilledpositionsrequireagrowinglevelofeducation.（即使是入門級工人和那些以前沒有技能的崗位也需要不斷提高教育水平。），從這句可以看出來教育無論對誰來說都是很必要的，所以答案選C；A、B、D選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。

7.單選題

We___theradiosignalsforhelpfromtheplane.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pickedout

B.pickedoff

C.pickedat

D.pickedup

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)pickedout“挑選出”；B選項(xiàng)pickedoff“摘掉；拔去；截??；傳感器”；C選項(xiàng)pickedat“吃得很少；挑毛?。恢肛?zé)”；D選項(xiàng)pickedup“撿起；獲得，收到；收拾；（汽車；飛機(jī)）乘載；不費(fèi)力地學(xué)會”。句意：我們___飛機(jī)發(fā)出求救的無線電信號。本句表達(dá)“收到飛機(jī)發(fā)出的信號”，因此選D項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Developmentsinshipdesignandconstructionmethodscameaboutin（

）tochallengesencounteredintrading.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.awareness

B.response

C.contrast

D.agreement

【答案】B

【解析】inresponseto響應(yīng),回答,對...有反應(yīng)；incontrastto與...形成對照；選項(xiàng)A和D無此用法。句意:船舶設(shè)計(jì)和建造方法的發(fā)展是為了應(yīng)對貿(mào)易中遇到的挑戰(zhàn)。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

9.填空題

IranintoWangTaoandLiSan（1）thetradefairinMunbaiinFebruary.I（2）seenthemsince2007（3）ofthemliketheirnewjobs,but（4）wantstostayinShenzhenmuchlonger.

【答案】1.at

2.Haven’t

3.Both

4.neither

【解析】1.語法題。此處應(yīng)該用介詞at。Atthetradefair在交易會上。

2.

語法題。此處有提示詞since,所以此處表示

“自從2007年來,就沒見過他們了”,因此用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定haven’t

done。

3.語義題。此處填both(兩者都…)符合句意。

4.語義題。Neither表示“都不”。

10.單選題

Itisnotuncommonforclosesynonymstobeunderstoodtosharethesamemeaning.Thedifferencebetweenwordslike“hard”and"difficult",forexample,goestragicallyunnoticed.Onemayemployoneortheotherwithcompleteindifference,postulatingnodiscrepancybetweenthem.Ingeneralthisiswellandgood;mostpeoplelackthescrupulouspedanticalnesstoquibbleoversuchtrifles.Nevertheless,forthoseofuswithamplecompulsiveness(andtime),itisofsignificantvaluetocomprehendsuchnuances.

Takeforexamplethefollowingsentences:1)Thetestwashard.2)Thetestwasdifficult.Isthedifferencebetweenthesesynonymsreadilyapparent?Isthereanoticeabledifferencebetweenthematall?Indeed,thesequestionsarevalidandwarrantanswer.For,whatwouldbethepointtohavingmultiplewordswiththeexactsamemeaning?No,thatwouldbesuperfluous;theEnglishlanguagebeingfartooeconomical.Whilemanyclosesynonymssharesimilar,ifnotthesame,dictionarydefinitions,thefeeling,ormood,theyconveyisutterlysingular.Althoughadictionarycanprovideinformationaboutwordmeanings,pronunciations,etymologies,inflectedforms,derivedforms,etcetera,itcannotcommunicatehowitfeelstouseaword.

So,ifthereisindeedadifferencebetweenwordslike"hard"and“difficult”，whatisit?Tobegin,"hard"ispragmaticandrealistic,firmlygroundedinreality.Itisautilitarianwordthatgetsthejobdoneanddoesn’tapologizeforitsbrusque,uncouthnature.Ontheotherhand,"difficult”iseloquentandrefined.Itiscivilized,willingtoexpendtheeffortnecessarytoappearurbane.Why,themeredifferenceinsonicqualitybetweenthemisstrikingenough.“Hard”makesaquick,unassumingsound,havingbutasinglesyllable(voicedundercertaininflections,itcanevencomeacrossasharsh),while"difficult"ismorelengthyandmelodic,itsnumberofsyllablestotalingthreetimesthatofitscounterpart.Furthermore,"hard"ismorelikelytobeusedincasual,informalcircumstances,ortocommunicateanidea"onthego"orsimplyto"getitout"asthesayingsgo.Itisusedwithoutpretense,anddoesnotmaintainafeelingofbeingoverlyconcerned.Intermsofdailyusage,"hard"maybeemployedbyanexhaustedbrickmasonwhenposedwiththequestion,"Howwasyourday?"Conversely,"difficult”maybeusedbyamilitarygeneraluponexplainingtohisorhersuperiortheprogressionofaparticularlytaxingcampaign.Similarto"hard"and"difficult",thewords"weird"and"strange"tooareclosesynonyms,andmayseeminglybeusedinterchangeably.Takeforinstancethefollowingsentences:1)Seamonkeysareweird.2)Seamonkeysarestrange.Contrarytopopularbelief,thesesentencesarenottautologous.Sohowdotheydiffer?Theirdictionarydefinitionsarenearlyidentical,sothedifferencedoesnotliethere.Rather,thedifferenceinvolvesthefeeling,ormood,thatthesewordsconvey.Noticethatwhile"weird"and"strange"bothhavebutonesyllable,thelatterhasaremarkablydistinguishedfeel.

Similarto"hard","weird"conveysamorebasic,amorecrude,sentiment.Something"weird"iscrassorgross,andistypicallyundesirable.Noonewantstobeassociatedwithsomething"weird".Iftryingtoimpresssomeone,oneprobablydoesn'twanttobecategorizedamongthe"weird".Ontheotherhand,ifsomethingislabeledas"strange",itisnotnecessarilybad.Rather,something"strange"issimplyabnormal,orunusual―adeviationfromwhatisexpected.Thisdistinctionbetween"weird"and"strange"issopronouncedthatthelattercanbeusedasaeuphemismfortheformerincertainsituations.Forexample,noticehowasimplesubstitutionisabletomakethefollowingsentencelessoffensive:"Yourmother'scookiestasteweird"comparedto“Yourmother'scookiestastestrange".Intheformersentence,thespeakersoundsasthoughheorsheisinsultingyourmother'scookies,statingthattheytastebad.Inthelattersentence,however,thespeakersoundsasthoughthecookiessimplytastedifferent,orunusual,comparedtowhatheorsheisusedto—thedifferenceowingtotheinnocuousadditionoftoomuchflour,perhaps.

Finally,let'slookatthesynonyms,"happy"and"glad".Asintheaforementionedcases,thesewordsseemtohavelittleornodiscernibledifferencebetweenthem.Takeforexamplethefollowingsentences:1)Tommyishappybecausehegotanewbike.2)Tommyisgladbecausehegotanewbike.Mostunderstandthesesentencestohavethesamemeaning.Andagain,uponconsultingadictionary,onewillfindhighlysimilar,ifnotthesame,definitions.Butthesedefinitionslackthefeeling,theuniqueemotionalchargethatthesewordsconvey.Theword“happy”conveysasenseoflevity,oracarefreeattitude.Thethoughtofsomeonewhois“happy”conjurestheimageofabright-eyed,ruddy,smilingface.Oneis“happy”onthemorningofhisbirthday,discoveringanewpuppyboundingintohisbedroom.Ontheotherhand,theword“glad”conjurestheimageofamanstandingcrossed-armed,noddinggently.Astoicgrincrossinghisface.Oneis“glad”whenheseesthatthechild’slostpuppyhasbeenfound,andwasmerelyfrolickingtoofarfromhome.

Granted,thenotionthatclosesynonymscanbeusedinterchangeablyisprevalentamongEnglishspeakers.Andalas,thedictionary—thetextpurportedtoberesponsibleforclarifyingsuchissues—isoflittleassistance.Intheend,itislefttous,thespeakersofthelanguage,thoseactivelyresponsibleformaintainingitssustenanceandgeneration,tounderstandhowthesewordsmakeusfeelandwhatmoodweareinclinedtoattachtothem.Usingtheexamplesandinsightsdescribedabove,onemaycometorecognizethesesubtle,yetcrucial,differences.

1.Whatisthethesisstatementinthispassage?

2.Asusedinparagraph1,whatismostlikelymeantby“scrupulouspedanticalness”？

3.Asusedinparagraph2,whichofthefollowingbestdescribessomethingthatissuperfluous?

4.Inparagraph3,theauthorwrites:"Tobegin,'hard'ispragmaticandrealistic,firmlygroundedinreality.Itisautilitarianwordthatgetsthejobdoneanddoesn'tapologizeforitsbrusque,uncouthnature.Ontheotherhand,"'difficultiseloquentandrefined.Itiscivilized,willingtoexpendtheeffortnecessarytoappearurbane."Whichofthefollowingliterarydevicesisusedinthisquotation?

5.Withrespecttothewayinwhichclosesynonymsarecommonlyunderstood,theauthor'stonecanbestbedescribedas（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itisnotuncommonforclosesynonymstobebelievedtosharethesamemeaning.(paragraph1)

B.However,forthoseofuswithamplecompulsiveness(andtime),itisofsignificantvaluetocomprehendsuchnuances.(paragraph1)

C.Whilemanyclosesynonymssharesimilar,ifnotthesame,dictionarydefinitions,thefeeling,ormood,theyconveyisutterlysingular.(paragraph2)

D.Althoughadictionarycanprovideinformationaboutwordmeanings,pronunciations,etymologies,inflectedforms,derivedforms,etcetera,itcannotcommunicatetheenergyofaword,(paragraph2)

E.Intheend,itislefttous,thespeakersofthelanguage,thoseactivelyresponsibleformaintainingitssustenanceandgeneration,tounderstandhowthesewordsmakeusfeelandwhatmoodweareinclinedtoattachtothem.(paragraph6)

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.mildcuriosity

B.wryskepticismof

C.passionateindignation

D.stubbornreluctance

E.excessiveconcern

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Yokoexpectstohavesixdinnerguests,soshesetsthetablewithsixplaces.Ontheside,however,shekeepsanothertwoplacesjustincaseherguestsbringfriends.

B.Theinstructionssaytofillthetireswith35-38poundspersquareinchofair,butMichelefillsthemwith40poundspersquareinchbecausetheyareoldandtendtoleak.

C.ManufactureofModel24AhadbeenscheduledtobeginonMay8.However,creditorsfailedtoforwardmuchneededmonetaryadvancements,delayingthestartofproductionuntilMay10.

D.Thepassingofsinger--songwriterJonathanOrionDavisleftthousands,ifnotmillions,inmourning.Thiswasreflectedbytheastoundingnumberofrosesplacedonhisopencoffin:averitablemountainthathadtoberelocatedbecausethosepayingtheirrespectscouldnolongerviewthedeceased.

E.Lavishedwithcriticalacclaim,thepublicationwasslatedtogeneratetremendousrevenueinsales.Unfortunately,demandhadbeenoverestimated,andasaresult,tenthousandcopiesneverleftstoreshelves.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Onomatopoeia

B.hyperbole

C.metaphor

D.personification

E.oxymoron

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.belligerent

B.supercilious

C.rueful

D.conscientious

E.blase

【答案】第1題:E

第2題:E

第3題:E

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Intheend,itislefttous,thespeakersofthelanguage,thoseactivelyresponsibleformaintainingitssustenanceandgeneration,tounderstandhowthesewordsmakeusfeelandwhatmoodweareinclinedtoattachtothem.”最后，去理解這些同義詞如何讓我們感受且我們傾向于為它們附上何種語氣成了這些積極負(fù)責(zé)同義詞的維持和產(chǎn)生的語言使用者的工作，可知E選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.詞義題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“Onemayemployoneortheotherwithcompleteindifference,postulatingnodiscrepancybetweenthem.Ingeneralthisiswellandgood;mostpeoplelackthescrupulouspedanticalnesstoquibbleoversuchtrifles”可知人們可能不在意這些同義詞的區(qū)別，說明對同同義詞缺乏一種仔細(xì)認(rèn)真探究精神，因此E選項(xiàng)“過度關(guān)心”符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“輕微的好奇心”；B選項(xiàng)“對……有固執(zhí)己見的懷疑”；C選項(xiàng)“激動(dòng)的憤慨”；D選項(xiàng)“執(zhí)拗的不情愿”。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“whatwouldbethepointtohavingmultiplewordswiththeexactsamemeaning?No,thatwouldbesuperfluous;theEnglishlanguagebeingfartooeconomical.”有許多意思完全相同的單詞有什么意義呢？沒有任何意義，那將是多余的;英語在用詞上非常簡練，可知E選項(xiàng)中的“andasaresult”屬于多余的成分。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)句中“Itiscivilized,willingtoexpendtheeffortnecessarytoappearurbane.”它（指單詞difficult）是文明的，愿意付出必要的努力來顯得彬彬有禮?？芍虮蛴卸Y一般是用來形容人的，此處用的是擬人的修辭手法，因此D選項(xiàng)“擬人”符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“擬聲”；B選項(xiàng)“夸張”；C選項(xiàng)“暗喻”；E選項(xiàng)“矛盾修辭法，逆喻”。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“Thedifferencebetweenwordslike“hard”and"difficult",forexample,goestragicallyunnoticed.”例如，單詞hard和difficult這樣的詞之間的區(qū)別，不幸地沒有被注意到，可知作者的語氣是悲傷的，因此選C。

11.單選題

TheEastandtheWestcanworktogetherfortheir（）benefitandprogress.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.common

B.mutual

C.same

D.cooperative

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)common“普通的；一般的”，B選項(xiàng)mutual“共同的；相互的，彼此的”，C選項(xiàng)same“同樣的；一樣的”，D選項(xiàng)cooperative“合作的；合作社的”；原句：東西方可以為各自的（）利益和進(jìn)步而共同努力。通過帶入A、B、C、D可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，句子想要表達(dá)的意思是：共同的利益，而mutual是最能體現(xiàn)這個(gè)含義的，它有各自為戰(zhàn)，卻又有共同之處的含義，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

12.填空題

ThoseAsianAmericanswhosefamilieshavebeenlivingintheUnitedStatesforseveralgenerationsresenttobesingledoutandstereotypedaspartofasupermajority.Theyfeelthattheirachievementsareonlycomparabletowhatother

A

B

C

D

immigrantgroupshavedoneinthepast.

【答案】Btobesingledout改為beingsingledout

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞。

【解題思路】根據(jù)短語resentdoingsth.確定此處應(yīng)為beingsingledout。

【句意】那些已經(jīng)在美國生活了好幾代的亞裔美國人憤恨被孤立出來，并被定義為絕大多數(shù)的一部分。他們覺得自己的成就只能與其他移民群體過去的成就相媲美。

13.單選題

Thecontributiongenesmaketointelligenceincreasesaschildrengrowolder.Thisgoesagainstthe

notionthatmostpeopleholdthatasweage，environmentalinfluencesgraduallyoverpowerthegenetic

legacywearebomwithandmayhaveimplicationsforeducation.“Peopleassumethegeneticinfluence

goesdownwithagebecausetheenvironmentaldifferencesbetweenpeoplepileupinlife,”saysRobert

Plomin.“Whatwefoundwasquiteamazing,andgoesintheotherdirection.”

Previousstudieshaveshownvariationsinintelligenceareatleastpartlyduetogenetics.Tofindoutwhetherthisgeneticcontributionvarieswithage,Plomin’steampooleddatafromsixseparatestudiescarriedoutintheUS,theUK,AustraliaandtheNetherlands,involvingatotalof11,000pairsoftwins.Inthesestudies,theresearcherstestedtwinsonreasoning,logicandarithmeticstomeasureaquantitycalledgeneralcognitiveability,or“G”.Eachstudyalsoincludedbothidenticaltwins,withthesamegenes,andfraternaltwins,sharingabouthalftheirgenes,makingitpossibletodistinguishthecontributionsofgenesandenvironmenttotheirGscores.

Plomin’steamcalculatedthatinchildhood,genesaccountforabout41percentofthevariationin

intelligence.Inadolescence,thisroseto55percent；byyoungadolescence,itwas66percent.Nooneknowswhytheinfluencefromgenesshouldincreasewithage,butPlominsuggeststhataschildrenget

older，theybecomebetteratexploitingandmanipulatingtheirenvironmenttosuittheirgeneticneeds,

andsays“KidswithhighGwillusetheirenvironmenttofostertheircognitiveabilityandchoosefriends

whoarelike-minded.”ChildrenwithmediumtolowGmaychooselesschallengingpastimesand

activities,furtheremphasizingtheirgeneticlegacy.

Isthereanywaytointerferewiththepattern?Perhaps.“Theevidenceofstrongheritabilitydoesn’t

meanatallthatthereisnothingyoucandoaboutit，”saysSusanneJaeggi，“Fromourownwork,the

onesthatstartedoffwithlowerIQscoreshadhighergainsaftertraining.’’

Plominsuggeststhatgeneticdifferencesmaybemoreemphasizedifallchildrenshareanidenticalcurriculuminsteadofitbeingtailoredtochildren’snaturalabilities.“Myinclinationwouldbetogiveeveryoneagoodeducation,butputmoreeffortintothelowerend,”hesays.IntelligenceresearcherPaulThompsonagrees:“Itshowsthateducatorsneedtosteerkidstowardsthingsdrawingouttheirnaturaltalents.”

1.Whatisthecommonnotionthatpeopleholdaboutgenes?

2.ThestudybyPlomin’steamaimstofindout(

)

3.Fromtheexperimentwithtwins,Plomin’steamdrawsaconclusionthat(

).

4.Theword“pattern”inparagraphfou