書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-天津體育學(xué)院運(yùn)動與文化藝術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Theresultwouldbehigher-costimportsthatwouldrepresentataxontheAmericanconsumers-ataxthatwould（）purchasingpowerandwouldundoubtedlyconstrainUSeconomicgrowth.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.soothe

B.squeeze

C.stimulate

D.scramble

【答案】B

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。soothe“安慰，使平和”；squeeze“擠，握緊”；stimulate“刺激”；scramble“搶奪，爭奪”。句意：其結(jié)果將是更高的進(jìn)口成本，這將意味著對美國消費(fèi)者征稅，最終會降低購買能力，毫無疑問會限制美國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.單選題

High-fructosecomsyrupiseasyforfoodandbeveragemakerstouse,andhas_______theformerleadingsweetener:sucrose,orordinarytablesugar.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.edgedout

B.edgedin

C.edgedaway

D.edgedon

【答案】A

【解析】edgeout替代,擠掉;edgein擠進(jìn);edgeaway緩緩移動;edgeon慫恿,鼓勵。句意：高果糖玉米糖漿對食品和飲料生產(chǎn)商來說很容易使用,而且已經(jīng)取代了以前重要的增甜劑——蔗糖或普通的食糖。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

3.單選題

Thereportmentionedthatsomeimportantpeoplehadattendedtheclosing（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.surgeon

B.suspicion

C.ceremony

D.target

【答案】C

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。surgeon外科；suspicion懷疑；ceremony儀式；target目標(biāo)。句意：這篇報(bào)道提到一些重量級人物參加了此次閉幕式。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

4.單選題

Itisobviousthatthisapplicabletoeveryonewithout______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.exception

B.excision

C.modification

D.substitution

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.exception一般情況以外的人（或事物）；例外B.excision切除；刪除

C.modification改進(jìn)；改變D.substitution代替；替換

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息applicabletoeveryone（適用于每一個人）可知，每個人都適用，也就是說沒有一個例外，withoutexception是常見用法，表示“無例外地，全部”，故該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】顯然，這適用于每個人，無一例外。

5.單選題

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thewomanarrivedaheadofschedule.

B.Thewomanfailedtomeethertennisappointment.

C.Themandidnotplaythetennisgamebytherule.

D.Themanhelpedputthewomanonthewaitinglist.

【答案】B

【解析】7.W:Ireservedatenniscourt.It’stakenoverbysomeoneelse.

M:Yes,mom.Iunderstand.Wehaveapolicythateverypartyismorethan15minuteslateforastartingtime.Wescheduledthecourtsforotherwaitingguests.

Q:Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干為：從這段交談中可以得出什么？由文中“Wehaveapolicythateverypartyismorethan15minuteslateforastartingtime.（我們有規(guī)定，每場頂多遲到15分鐘）”，推測可知B選項(xiàng)“Thewomanfailedtomeethertennisappointment.（女士錯過了網(wǎng)球場預(yù)約時間）”符合原文。A選項(xiàng)“女士提早到了”；C選項(xiàng)“這個男人沒有按規(guī)則打網(wǎng)球”；D選項(xiàng)“這個男人幫女士把她放在等候名單上”不符合原文。

6.單選題

Weagreedtoaccept______theythoughtwasthebesttouristguide.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.whatever

B.whomever

C.whichever

D.whoever

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查賓語從句。句意：我們同意接受他們認(rèn)為的最好的導(dǎo)游。橫線到句尾是跟在謂語動詞accept后的賓語從句，橫線部分是從句主語，theythought是插入語，was是系動詞，thebesttouristguide是表語，主語指的是人，D選項(xiàng)whoever符合題意。A選項(xiàng)whatever和C選項(xiàng)whichever指的是物，B選項(xiàng)whomever是賓格。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.WithDr.Smithat10onWednesday.

B.WithDr.Smithat10onTuesday

C.WithDr.Jonesat10onWednesday.

D.WithDr.Jonesat10onTuesday.

【答案】A

【解析】14.M:Ineedtocomeinandseethedoctor.IhavereallyitchyskinandthinkImayhavetohaveitlookedat.

W:IhopetimesavailableforTuesdayorWednesday,whichonewouldworkbestforyou?

M:IwanttocomeinonWednesday.

W:Icanfityouinonthatdayatten,doctorSmithorDoctorJonesisavailable.

M:IwouldpreferDoctorSmith.

Q:Whatistheman’sappointment?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干為：男士預(yù)約了什么？由文中“IwanttocomeinonWednesday.（我想星期三來。）”和“Icanfityouinonthatdayatten（我可以幫你預(yù)約那天上午10點(diǎn)。）”以及“IwouldpreferdoctorSmith.（我想約史密斯醫(yī)生。）”，可知A選項(xiàng)“WithDr.Smithat10onWednesday.（周三上午10點(diǎn)史密斯醫(yī)生。）”符合原文。

8.單選題

Hestood（）amongathousanddimlyimaginedpossibilities.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.faltering

B.wavering

C.pausing

D.hesitating

【答案】B

【解析】詞義辨析題。faltering蹣跚,

猶豫的,

支吾的；wavering搖擺的,猶豫不決；pause暫停,

躊躇；hesitating

猶豫的。句意：他在一千種模模糊糊想象出來的可能性中猶豫不決。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

9.單選題

IntheUnitedStatestherearemorepeoplewhoareobesetodaythantwentyyearsago.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.gainfullyemployedt

B.upwardlymobile

C.excessivelyoverweight

D.privatelyeducated

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。obese表示“肥胖的，過胖的”；A項(xiàng)gainfullyemployed“被高薪聘用”，B項(xiàng)upwardlymobile“走向富裕的，走向上層社會的”，C項(xiàng)excessivelyoverweight“過度超重”，D項(xiàng)privatelyeducated“私立學(xué)?！?。句意：在美國，現(xiàn)在肥胖的人比20年前要多。根據(jù)句意可知，只有C項(xiàng)中的weight表示體重，故該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Everyprofessionortrade,everyart,andeveryartsciencehasitstechnicalvocabulary.

Differentoccupations,however,differwidelyinthecharacteroftheirspecialvocabularies.Intradesandhandicrafts,andothervocations,likefarmingandfishery,thathaveoccupiedgreatnumbersofmenfromremotetimes,thetechnicalvocabulary,isveryold.Itconsistslargelyofnativewords,orofborrowedwordsthathaveworkedthemselvesintotheveryfiberofourfamiliarinsound,andmoregenerallyunderstoodthanmostothertechnicalities.Thespecialdialectsoflaw,medicine,divinity,andphilosophyhavealso,intheirolderstrata,becomeprettyfamiliartocultivatedpersonsandhavecontributedmuchtothepopularvocabulary.Yeteveryvocationstillpossessesalargebodyoftechnicaltermsthatremainessentiallyforeign,eventoeducatedspeech.Andtheproportionhasbeenmuchincreasedinthelastfiftyyears,particularlyinthevariousdepartmentsofnaturalandpoliticalscienceandinthemechanicarts.Herenewtermsarecoinedwiththegreatestfreedomandabandonedwithindifferencewhentheyhaveservedtheirturn.Mostofthenewcoinagesareconfinedtospecialdiscussions,andseldomgetintogeneralliteratureorconversation.Yetnoprofessionisnowadays,asallprofessiononcewere,acloseguild（行會）.Thelawers,thephysician,themanofscience,thedivine,associatedfreelywithhisfellow-creatures,anddoesnotmeettheminamerelyprofessionalway.Furthermore,whatiscalled’’popularscience"makeseverybodyacquaintedwithmodemviewsandrecentdiscoveries.Anyimportantexperiment,thoughmadeinaremoteorprovinciallaboratory,isatoncereportedinthenewspapers,andeverybodyissoontalkingaboutitasinthecaseoftheRoentgenraysandwirelesstelegraphy.Thusourcommonspeechisalwaystakingupnewtechnicaltermsandmakingthemcommonplace.

1.Specialwordsusedintechnicaldiscussion（

）.

2.Itistruethat（

）

3.Inrecentyears,therehasbeenamarkedincreaseinthenumberoftechnicaltermsintheterminologyof（

）.

4.Thewriterofthearticlewasundoubtedly（

）.

5.Theauthor'smainpurposeinthepassageisto（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.neverlastlong

B.shouldbeconfinedtoscientificfields

C.maybecomepartofcommonspeech

D.areconsideredartificiallanguagespeech

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.everyoneisinterestedinscientificfinding

B.theaveragemanoftenusesinhisownvocabularywhatwasoncetechnicallanguagenotmeantforhim

C.aneducatedpersonwouldbeexpectedtoknowmosttechnicalterms

D.variousprofessionsandoccupationsofteninterchangetheirdialectsandjargons

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.fishery

B.farming

C.government

D.sports

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.alinguist

B.anattorney

C.anscientist

D.anessayist

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.describeaphenomenon

B.proposeasolution

C.beentertaining

D.argueabelief

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)文章最后一句：Thusourcommonspeechisalwaystakingupnewtechnicaltermsandmakingthemcommonplace.因此，我們的日常用語總是采用新的技術(shù)術(shù)語，使它們變得司空見慣。在一種新的技術(shù)詞匯產(chǎn)生之后，經(jīng)過同化，變成了日常語言的一部分。所以C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.文章說明了一種現(xiàn)象，即在新的科技成果出現(xiàn)后，便成為人們津津樂道的話題，變成人們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹囊徊糠帧€人也將科技成果變成日常生活用于的一部分，所以B選項(xiàng)‘普通人經(jīng)常在自己的詞匯中使用曾經(jīng)對他毫無意義的技術(shù)語言‘正確。

3.particularlyinthevariousdepartmentsofnaturalandpoliticalscienceandinthemechanicarts.可知，在自然科學(xué)、政治學(xué)科以及機(jī)械藝術(shù)方面的詞匯大量增加，C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.全文討論了專業(yè)詞匯、科技詞匯與人們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹年P(guān)系，可知作者從語言學(xué)的角度分析了科技產(chǎn)生的詞匯。作者應(yīng)屬于語言學(xué)家，A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.文章至始至終在討論科技產(chǎn)生伴隨著科技詞匯的產(chǎn)生，進(jìn)而科技詞匯也影響著人們的日常生活，逐漸成為一體，作者描述了這樣一種特有的現(xiàn)象，所以A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

11.寫作題

Writea100—120-wordsummaryofthearticleinthispart.

【答案】Inthisexcerptfromanovel,theauthortellsthestoryofanewlymarriedcoupleonatraininTexas.Atthebeginning，theauthorgivesadetaileddescriptionofthecouple,whichshowsthattheyarenotrich.Byportrayingtheluxuriousfurnishingsinthetrain,theauthordemonstratestheincompatibilityofthecharacterswiththeirsurroundings.Theauthoralsomentionshowothershavemockedthecouple.Thearticleendswiththecouple'sexperienceinthediningcar,wheretheyfeelstressfulbyanordinarymealservedbyawaiter.Theprotagonist'sexperiencehighlightstheconflictbetweentheoldandthenew,thepoorandtherich.

12.單選題

Allsocietieshavedistinctroleexpectationsformenandforwomen.IntheUnitedStates,theseexpectationshavebeenundergoingchangeformanydecades.TodayAmericansliveinaworldofdiversefamilypatternsandconflictingimagesofideallifestylesformenandwomen.Theconventionalnormsofthefirsthalfcenturydefinedasuccessfulwomanasawifeandmotherwhostayedhometocarryoutafullarrayofhouseholdduties.Thehusbandandfatherwasexpectedtostayawayfromthehomemostoftheday,earningenoughmoneytopaythebills.Manyadultsstilllivebytheseexpectations,butthetraditionalpatternisnolongerheldupasanidealtobefollowedbyeveryone.Timeshavechanged;thereisnoreturntoyesterday.

Althoughthewomen’smovementandpoliticalcontroversiesaboutsuchissuesandtheEqualRightsAmendmentandsexualharassmentsuggestthatchangingsexrolesisarecentissue,thisisfarfromthecase.Broadtrendscanbeidentifiedoverthepasthundredyears.Womenhaveincreasedtheirparticipationinthelaborforcefrom18%in1900toover50%today,andtheygivebirthtofewerchildrenthanwomendidinthepast.In1910thebirthratewas30per1,000population;bythe1900sithaddeclinedto16per1,000.Thesetwotrends—increasingparticipationinthelaborforceanddecreasingfamilysize—suggestthatmajorlong-termchangeshaverestructuredtheroleexpectationsofmenandwomen.Thesechangesarecomplex.Thefactthatmorewomenarejoiningthelaborforceasfull-timeworkersdoesnotmeanthatasinglesexrolepatternisemerging.

Onthecontrary,wearelivinginaperiodofdiversefamilypatterns.AccordingtoKathleenGerson,“thedomesticwomanwhobuildsherlifearoundchildrenandhomemakingpersists,butshenowcoexistswithagrowingnumberofworkingmothersandpermanentlychildlesswomen.”

Womentodayfacehardchoicesastheymakedecisionsaboutwork,career,andmotherhood.Despitewomen’sliberation,womenstillearnlessthanmenintheworkplaceandarestillexpectedtodomostoftheworkinthehome.Womenworksubstantiallymorehourseachweekinthehomeandattheworkplacethanmendo.Womenareworkingharderthanever,yetmanydonotenjoythebenefitsoffullequality.

11.Thetraditionrolesformenandwomen______.

12.Changingsexrolesisnotarecentissuebecause______.

13.Thefactthatmorewomenarejoiningthelaborforceasfulltimeworkersmeansthat______.

14.It’sstatedinthelastparagraphthat______.

15.Accordingtothispassage,thestatementwhichisNOTtrueis______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.arediverse

B.areconflicting

C.havebeenchanging

D.arenolongerfollowed

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.womenhaveincreasedtheirparticipationinthelaborforceoverthepasthundredyear

B.moreandmorewomenarebecomingworkingmothersorchildlesswomen

C.theconventionalimageofwomenhaschangedbeyondrecognition

D.peoplehavechangedtheirexpectationsofwomeninmodernsociety

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.womenarebecomingmoreindependent

B.thefamilypatternsarebecomingdiverse

C.asingle-rolepatternisemerging

D.womenareeagertowork

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.womentodaystillsufferfrominequalityinworkandlife

B.women’sliberationhaspromotedtheirsocialstatus

C.thesocietyexpectsmorefromwomenthanfrommen

D.womenaremorecapableanddiligentthanmen

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.manypeoplestillfollowtheconventionalnormsoflifestyle

B.womentodaygivebirthtofewerchildrenthanwomeninthepast

C.moreandmorewomenchoosetoworkratherthantobehousewives

D.mendoasmuchdomesticworkaswomendoathome

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】11.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段第一、二句Allsocietieshavedistinctroleexpectationsformenandforwomen.IntheUnitedStates,theseexpectationshavebeenundergoingchangeformanydecades.（所有社會對男人和女人都有不同的角色期望。在美國，這些期望幾十年來一直在發(fā)生變化。），說明男女的傳統(tǒng)角色一直在改變。因此C選項(xiàng)“一直在改變”正確。A選項(xiàng)“多種多樣”，原文說的是家庭模式多樣，所以A錯誤。B選項(xiàng)“是矛盾的”，原文說的是男女理想生活方式相互矛盾，所以B錯誤。D選項(xiàng)“不再遵循傳統(tǒng)”，原文說的是很多成年人依然遵循傳統(tǒng)，但這些傳統(tǒng)不再被視為必須遵循的，所以D錯誤。

12.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段第二、三句Broadtrendscanbeidentifiedoverthepasthundredyears.Womenhaveincreasedtheirparticipationinthelaborforcefrom18%in1900toover50%today,andtheygivebirthtofewerchildrenthanwomendidinthepast.（在過去的一百年里，我們可以看到大致的趨勢。女性的勞動參與率從1900年的18%提高到今天的50%以上，而且她們比過去的女性少生孩子。），說明性別角色的改變不是最近才出現(xiàn)的問題，因?yàn)榕缘膭趧訁⑴c率提高了。因此A選項(xiàng)“在過去的一百年里，婦女的勞動參與度有所提高”正確。B選項(xiàng)“越來越多的女性成為工作母親或不生育的女性”只說明了女性的現(xiàn)狀，所以B錯誤。C選項(xiàng)“女性的傳統(tǒng)形象已經(jīng)發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化”，由原文可知，以孩子和家庭為中心的女性仍然大量存在，所以C錯誤。D選項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)代社會中，人們對女性的期望發(fā)生了變化”不能說明這是過去一百年來的趨勢，所以D錯誤。

13.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段第一句wearelivinginaperiodofdiversefamilypatterns.（我們生活在一個家庭模式多樣化的時期。），說明越來越多的女性參與勞動成為全職工作者意味著家庭模式多種多樣，既有以孩子和家庭為中心的女性，也有工作母親或不生育的女性。因此B選項(xiàng)“家庭模式日趨多樣化”正確。A選項(xiàng)“女性變得更加獨(dú)立”，D選項(xiàng)“女性渴望工作”在文中沒有提及，所以A，D錯誤。C選項(xiàng)“單一角色的格局正在形成”，由原文可知，這一事實(shí)并不意味著出現(xiàn)了單一的性別角色模式，所以C錯誤。

14.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】主旨大意題。由題干可以定位到文章最后一段Womentodayfacehardchoicesastheymakedecisionsaboutwork,career,andmotherhood…manydonotenjoythebenefitsoffullequality.（今天的女性在工作、事業(yè)和母親身份方面面臨著艱難的選擇……許多人并沒有享受到完全平等的好處。），說明現(xiàn)在的女性依然受到了不平等的待遇，比如收入仍然低于男性，仍然被期望做大部分的家務(wù)等。因此A選項(xiàng)“今天的女性在工作和生活中仍然遭受不平等待遇”正確。B選項(xiàng)“女性解放提高了她們的社會地位”，C選項(xiàng)“社會對女性的期望高于男性”，D選項(xiàng)“女性比男性更能干、更勤奮”在文中均沒有提及，所以B，C，D錯誤。

15.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。A選項(xiàng)“許多人仍然遵循傳統(tǒng)的生活方式規(guī)范”，由原文可知，以孩子和家庭為中心的女性仍然存在，所以A選項(xiàng)表述正確，排除A。B選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)今女性生育孩子比過去的女性少”，由原文可知，現(xiàn)在的女性比過去的女性少生孩子，所以B選項(xiàng)表述正確，排除B。C選項(xiàng)“越來越多的女性選擇工作而不是做家庭主婦”，由原文可知，越來越多的女性作為全職工作者加入勞動力大軍，所以C選項(xiàng)表述正確，排除C。由D選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞“domesticwork”可以定位到文章最后一段第二句Despitewomen’sliberation,womenstillearnlessthanmenintheworkplaceandarestillexpectedtodomostoftheworkinthehome.（盡管女性得到了解放，但女性在工作場所的收入仍然低于男性，她們?nèi)匀槐黄谕龃蟛糠值募覄?wù)。），說明女性做的家務(wù)比男性多。因此D選項(xiàng)“男性在家做的家務(wù)和女性做的家務(wù)一樣多”表述錯誤，本題選D。

13.單選題

Sciencehaslonghadanuneasyrelationshipwithotheraspectsofculture.ThinkofGallileo's17thcenturytrialforhisrebellingbeliefbeforetheCatholicChurchorpoetWilliamBlake’sharshremarksagainstthemechanisticworldviewofIsaacNewton.Theschismbetweenscienceandthehumanities,ifanything,deepenedinthe20thcentury.

Untilrecently,thescientificcommunitywassopowerfulthatitcouldaffordtoignoreitscritics—butnolonger.Asfundingforsciencehasdeclined,scientistshaveattacked“antiscience”inseveralbooks,notablyHigherSuperstitionbyPaulR.Gross,abiologistattheUniversityofVirginia,andNormanLevitt,amathematicianatRutgersUniversity:andTheDemon-hauntedWorld,byCarlSaganofCornelUniversity.

Defendersofsciencehavealsovoicedtheirconcernsatmeetingssuchas“TheFlightfromScienceandReason,”heldinNewYorkCityin1995,and“ScienceintheAgeofInformation,”whichassembledlastJunenearBuffalo.

Antiscienceclearlymeansdifferentthingstodifferentpeople.GrossandLevittfindfaultprimarilywithsociologists,philosophersandotheracademicswhohavequestionedinscience’sobjectivity.Saganismoreconcernedwiththosewhobelieveinghosts,creationismandotherphenomenathatcontradictthescientificworldview.

Asurveyofnewsstoriesin1996revealsthattheantisciencetaghasbeenattachedtomanyothergroupsaswell,fromauthoritieswhoadvocatedtheeliminationofthelastremainingstocksofsmallpoxvirustoRepublicanswhoadvocateddecreasedfundingforbasicresearch.

FewwoulddisputethatthetermappliestotheUnabomber,whosemanifesto,publishedin1995,scornsscienceandlongsforreturntoapre-technologicalutopia.Butsurelythatdoesnotmeanenvironmentalistsconcernedaboutuncontrolledindustrialgrowthareantiscience,asanessayinUSNews&WorldReportlastMayseemedtosuggest.

Theenvironmentalists,inevitably,respondtosuchcritics.Thetrueenemiesofscience,arguesPaulEhrlishofStanfordUniversity,apioneerofenvironmentalstudies,arethosewhoquestiontheevidencesupportingglobalwarming,thedepletionoftheozonelayerandotherconsequencesofindustrialgrowth.

Indeed,someobserversfearthattheantiscienceepithetisindangerofbecomingmeaningless.“Theterm‘a(chǎn)ntiscience’canlumptogethertoomany,quitedifferentthing,”notesHarvardUniversityphilosopherGeraldHoltoninhis1993workScienceandAnti-science.“Theyhaveincommononlyonethingthattheytendtoannoyorthreatenthosewhoregardthemselvesasmoreenlightened.”

1.Theword“schism”(Paragraph1)inthecontextprobablymeans().

2.Paragraphs2and3arewrittento().

3.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

4.TheauthortakesPaulR.Gross’bookHigherSuperstitionasanillustrationtoshowthat().

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardtheissueof“sciencevs.antiscience”is().

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.confrontation

B.dissatisfaction

C.separation

D.contempt

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.discussthecauseofthedeclineofscience’spower

B.showtheauthor’ssympathywithscientists

C.explainthewayinwhichsciencedevelops

D.exemplifythedivisionofscienceandthehumanities

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Environmentalistswereblamedforantiscienceinanessay.

B.Politiciansarenotsubjectivetothelabelingofantiscience.

C.The“moreenlightened”tendtotagothersasantiscience.

D.Taggingenvironmentalistsas“antiscience”isjustifiable.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.traditionalculturewouldgreatlyaffectthedevelopmentofscience

B.scienceisnolongervulnerabletobeattacked

C.differentpeoplemayhavedifferentinterpretationonscience

D.scientificcommunityhasbecomepowerfulenoughtodefendanycriticsagainstscience

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.impartial

B.subjective

C.biased

D.puzzling

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的第一句話“Sciencehaslonghadanuneasyrelationshipwithotheraspectsofculture.”科學(xué)與文化其他方面的關(guān)系一直都很緊張,以及后面的舉例可知,20世紀(jì),科學(xué)和人文之間的分歧加深了。confrontation對抗；dissatisfaction不滿；separation分歧,裂痕；contempt蔑視。選項(xiàng)A和選項(xiàng)C意思差不多,但注意句子中的措辭用的是deepened,所以選項(xiàng)C更符合語境。

2.第二段指出,科學(xué)界如此之強(qiáng)大以至于可以對批評者置之不理——但現(xiàn)在不同了。由于科學(xué)經(jīng)費(fèi)減少,科學(xué)家開始著書抨擊“反科學(xué)”傾向；第三段指出,科學(xué)的擁護(hù)者也在一些會議上表達(dá)了他們的擔(dān)憂。根據(jù)第一段提到的科學(xué)和人文之間的分歧加深,由此推斷第二段和第三段主要是舉例說明科學(xué)和人文的分歧。選項(xiàng)D正確。

3.根據(jù)第六段的第二句“Butsurelythat...seemedtosuggest.”,當(dāng)然,這并不意味著,對不加控制的工業(yè)發(fā)展表示擔(dān)憂的環(huán)保主義者也是反科學(xué)的,而去年5月份刊登在《美國新聞和世界報(bào)導(dǎo)》的一篇文章卻似乎暗示是這么回事。選項(xiàng)A一篇文章指責(zé)環(huán)境保護(hù)者為反科學(xué)者,正確；根據(jù)第五段的內(nèi)容,反科學(xué)的標(biāo)簽也貼在了許多其他群體上,從提倡消滅最后殘存的天花病毒庫的官方人士到倡議削減基礎(chǔ)研究基金的共和黨人。這里面包含了政黨人,所以選項(xiàng)B表述錯誤。選項(xiàng)C在文中沒有提及。選項(xiàng)D給環(huán)境保護(hù)者貼上“反科學(xué)”的標(biāo)簽是有道理的,錯誤。

4.根據(jù)第四段的一二句“Antiscienceclearlymeansdifferentthingstodifferentpeople.GrossandLevittfindfaultprimarilywithsociologists,philosophersandotheracademicswhohavequestionedinscience’sobjectivity.”反科學(xué)對不同的人有不同的含義。格羅斯和萊維特主要挑那些質(zhì)疑科學(xué)客觀性的社會學(xué)家、哲學(xué)家和其他學(xué)者的毛病。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

5.作者只是客觀地?cái)⑹隽丝茖W(xué)和人文學(xué)科之間的分歧,在文中沒有發(fā)表任何自己的看法或態(tài)度,所以作者的態(tài)度是客觀公正的。選項(xiàng)A正確。impartial公平公正的；subjective主觀的；biased有偏見的；puzzling疑惑的。

14.單選題

Inaboutonemonth’stime,studentswillsoonfeeltrulyanddeeply________oftheircollege.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.parts

B.apart

C.part

D.one

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：在大約一個月的時間里，學(xué)生們很快就會真正深刻地感受到自己是學(xué)校的一部分。當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)某物是一個整體的構(gòu)成部分時，即強(qiáng)調(diào)所屬關(guān)系時，多用partof。D選項(xiàng)oneof表示“其中之一”，不符合句意。因此答案選C。

15.單選題

TheorangutanofSumatraandBorneoshares96.4percentofthesamegeneticmake-upashumans.Thesepeaceful,[A]red-hairprimatesspendtheirdays[B]chewingonfruit,leavesandflowersfromtrees,[C]alongwithanystrayinsectsthatmightbehidden[D]amongthefoliage.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.red-hair

B.chewingon

C.alongwith

D.amongthefoliage

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞形。A選項(xiàng)后面修飾的是primates“靈長類”，名詞，因此劃線詞應(yīng)為形容詞形式。這類詞語的構(gòu)成規(guī)則為：形容詞+名詞+ed構(gòu)成新的形容詞，所以應(yīng)將red-hair改為red-haired“紅發(fā)的”。

16.單選題

NASAiscastinganetinthespaceshuttleinvestigationastowhatcausedthespacecrafttoswingoutofcontroland（）momentsbeforeitwastoland.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.disassemble

B.disembark

C.neglected

D.discarded

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)disassemble“拆開、分散”；B選項(xiàng)disembark“登陸、上岸”；C選項(xiàng)neglected“忽視、疏忽”；D選項(xiàng)discarded“丟棄”，句意為：美國國家航空航天局正在對航天飛機(jī)展開調(diào)查，以查明是什么原因?qū)е潞教祜w機(jī)在著陸前失控。B選項(xiàng)符合句意。

17.單選題

TheWelshlanguagehasalwaysbeentheultimatemarketofWelshidentity,butagenerationagoitlookedasifWelshwouldgothewayofManx,oncewidelyspokenontheIsleofManbutnowextinct.Governmentsfinancingandcentralplanning,however,havehelpedreversethedeclineofWelsh.RoadsignsandofficialpublicdocumentsarewritteninbothWelshandEnglish,andschoolchildrenarerequiredtolearnbothlanguages.WelshisnowoneofthemostsuccessfulofEurope’sregionallanguages,spokenbymorethanahalf-millionofthecountry’sthreemillionpeople.

Therevivalofthelanguage,particularlyamongyoungpeople,ispartofaresurgenceofnationalidentitysweepingthroughthissmall,proudnation.LastmonthWalesmarkedthesecondanniversaryoftheopeningoftheNationalAssembly,thefirstparliamenttobeconvenedheresince1404.TheideabehinddevolutionwastorestorethebalancewithintheunionofnationsmakinguptheUnitedKingdom.Withmostofthepeopleandwealth,Englandhasalwayshadbraggingrights.ThepartialtransferoflegislativepowersfromWestminster,implementedbyTonyBlair,wasdesignedtogivetheothermembersoftheclub—Scotland,NorthernIreland,andWales—abiggersayandtocountercentrifugalforcesthatseemedtothreatentheveryideaoftheunion.

TheWelshshowedlittleenthusiasmfordevolution.WhereastheScotsvotedoverwhelminglyforaparliament,thevoteforaWelshassemblyscrapedthroughbylessthanonepercentonaturnoutoflessthan25percent.Itspowerswereproportionatelylimited.TheAssemblycandecidehowmoneyfromWestminsterortheEuropeanUnionisspent.Itcannot,unlikeitscounterpartinEdinburgh,enactlaws.Butnowthatitishere,theWelsharegrowingtoliketheirAssembly.Manypeoplewouldlikeittohavemorepowers,itsimportanceasfigureheadwillgrowwiththeopeningin2003,ofanewdebatingchamber,oneofmanynewbuildingsthataretransformingCardifffromadecayingseaportintoaBaltimore-stylewaterfrontcity.MeanwhileagrantofnearlytwomilliondollarsfromtheEuropeanUnionwilltacklepoverty.WalesisoneofthepoorestregionsinWesternEurope—onlySpain,Portugal,andGreecehavealowerstandardofliving.

NewspapersandmagazinesarefilledwithstoriesaboutgreatWelshmenandwomen,boostingself-esteem.TofamiliarfacessuchasDylanThomasandRichardBurtonhavebeenaddednewiconssuchasCatherineZeta-Jones,themoviestar,andBrynTerfel,theoperasinger.Indigenousfoodslikesaltmarshlambareinvogue.AndWalesnowboastsanationalairline.AwyrCymru.Cymru,whichmeans“l(fā)andofcompatriots,”istheWelshnameforWales.Thereddragon,thenation’ssymbolsincethetimeofKingArthur,iseverywhere—onT-shirts,rugbyjerseysandevencellphonecovers.

“Untilveryrecenttimes,mostWelshpeoplehadthisfeelingofbeingsecond-classcitizens,”saidDyfanJones,an18-year-oldstudent.Itwasawarmsummernight,andIwassittingonthegrasswithagroupofyoungpeopleinLlanelli,anindustrialtowninthesouth,outsidetherockmusicvenueoftheNationalEisteddfod,Wales’sannualculturalfestival.ThedisusedfactoryinfrontofusechoedtothesoundsofnewWelshbands.

“Therewasalmostagenetictendencyforlackofconfidence,”Dyfancontinued.EquallycomfortableinhisWelshnessasinhismembershipintheEnglish-speaking,globalyouthcultureandthenewfederalEurope,Dyfan,liketherestofhisgeneration,isgrowingupwithasenseofpossibilityunimaginabletenyearsago.“Weusedtothink.Wecan’tdoanything,we’reonlyWelsh.NowIthinkthat’schanging.”

1.Accordingtothepassage,devolutionwasmainlymeantto______.

2.Theword“centrifugal”inthesecondparagraphmeans______.

3.WalesisdifferentfromScotlandinallthefollowingaspectsEXCEPT______.

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTcitedasanexampleoftheresurgenceofWelshnationalidentity?

5.AccordingtoDyfanJoneswhathaschangedis______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.maintainthepresentstatusamongthenations

B.reducelegislativepowersofEngland

C.createabetterstateofequalityamongthenations

D.grantmoresaytoallthenationsintheunion

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.separatist

B.conventional

C.feudal

D.political

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.people’sdesirefordevolution

B.locals’turnoutforthevoting

C.powersofthelegislativebody

D.statusofthenationallanguage

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Welshhaswitnessedarevivalasanationallanguage.

B.Poverty-relieffundshavecomefromtheEuropeanUnion.

C.AWelshnationalairlineiscurrentlyinoperation.

D.Thenationalsymbolhasbecomeafamiliarsight.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.people’smentality

B.popculture

C.town’sappearance

D.possibilitiesforthepeople

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.Accordingtothepassage,devolutionwasmainlymeantto______.1.根據(jù)這篇文章，權(quán)力下放主要是為了______。

A.maintainthepresentstatusamongthenationsA.維持目前在各國之間的地位

B.reducelegislativepowersofEnglandB.減少英格蘭的立法權(quán)

C.createabetterstateofequalityamongthenationsC.在國家之間創(chuàng)造一個更好的平等狀況

D.grantmoresaytoallthenationsintheunionD.給聯(lián)盟中所有的國家更多的發(fā)言權(quán)

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞devolution定位至第二段第三句“權(quán)力下放背后的理念是恢復(fù)組成聯(lián)合王國的各個國家之間的平衡（restorethebalancewithintheunionofnationsmakinguptheUnitedKingdom）”可知，權(quán)力下放的目的是為了維持各個國家之間的平衡，C項(xiàng)“在國家之間創(chuàng)造一個更好的平等狀況”表述符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“維持目前在各國之間的地位”，根據(jù)解題思路，由restore可推斷，成員國原來的關(guān)系已經(jīng)被破壞，所以該項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文；

B項(xiàng)“減少英格蘭的立法權(quán)”，由第二段最后一句“托尼˙布萊爾實(shí)施了從威斯敏斯特移交部分立法權(quán)的計(jì)劃，目的是給俱樂部的其他成員——蘇格蘭、北愛爾蘭和威爾士——更大的發(fā)言權(quán)……”可知，部分立法權(quán)的轉(zhuǎn)移旨在給其他成員更大的話語權(quán)，該項(xiàng)與原文相反，屬于反向干擾；

D項(xiàng)“給聯(lián)盟中所有的國家更多的發(fā)言權(quán)”，由C項(xiàng)解題思路可知，原文只提到會賦予蘇格蘭、北愛爾蘭、威爾士更大發(fā)言權(quán)，并非所有成員國，該項(xiàng)曲解原文。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.Theword“centrifugal”inthesecondparagraphmeans______.2.第二段中的“centrifugal”的意思是______。

A.separatistA.分離主義者的

B.conventionalB.傳統(tǒng)的

C.feudalC.封建制度的

D.politicalD.政治的

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】詞匯推測題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞centrifugal定位至第二段最后一句“托尼˙布萊爾實(shí)施了從威斯敏斯特移交部分立法權(quán)的計(jì)劃，目的是給俱樂部的其他成員——蘇格蘭、北愛爾蘭和威爾士——更大的發(fā)言權(quán)，并且對抗似乎威脅到聯(lián)盟理念的centrifugal力量”，從中可知，要對抗這種會威脅到聯(lián)盟理念的力量，說明這種力量會分散成員國之間的聯(lián)合，所以推測centrifugal表示“分離的，分散的”，A選項(xiàng)“分離主義者的”詞義與之意思相近。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B項(xiàng)“傳統(tǒng)的”、C項(xiàng)“封建制度的”和D項(xiàng)“政治的”由解題思路可知，這三項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.WalesisdifferentfromScotlandinallthefollowingaspectsEXCEPT______.3.除了______，威爾士在以下方面都與蘇格蘭不同。

A.people’sdesirefordevolutionA.人民對權(quán)力下放的渴望

B.locals’turnoutforthevotingB.當(dāng)?shù)剡x民的投票率

C.powersofthelegislativebodyC.立法機(jī)構(gòu)的權(quán)力

D.statusofthenationallanguageD.國家語言的地位

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句“威爾士語現(xiàn)在是歐洲最成功的地方語言之一，在這個國家的300萬人口中，有50多萬人講威爾士語”可知，雖然原文第一段提到了威爾士語言的成功性，但是文中并沒有提到蘇格蘭語言的地位，這兩者沒有可比性，D項(xiàng)“國家語言的地位”屬于無中生有，符合題干。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“人民對權(quán)力下放的渴望”，根據(jù)第三段前兩句“威爾士人對權(quán)力下放并不熱心。蘇格蘭人以壓倒性優(yōu)勢投票支持成立議會，而威爾士議會的投票僅以不到1%的得票率勉強(qiáng)通過，投票率不到25%?！笨芍?，這兩個國家人民對權(quán)利下放態(tài)度截然不同，該項(xiàng)符合原文，屬于反向干擾；

B項(xiàng)“當(dāng)?shù)剡x民的投票率”，根據(jù)A項(xiàng)解