第五講:時(shí)態(tài)ー、【考點(diǎn)解讀】英語中,人們?cè)诰渥颖磉_(dá)的過程中,隨著時(shí)間的變化,謂語動(dòng)詞的形式會(huì)發(fā)生相應(yīng)的變化，稱之為時(shí)態(tài)。動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)共有十六種,小升初?？嫉臅r(shí)態(tài)有五種:一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);一般將來時(shí);一般過去時(shí)；現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。小升初考試中要求掌握五種時(shí)態(tài)的概念、動(dòng)詞變化規(guī)則、標(biāo)志詞、句型變化等,重點(diǎn)民辦學(xué)校在分班考中都會(huì)涉及五種時(shí)態(tài)的用法。二、【知識(shí)講解】五大時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別:\定義時(shí)間狀語或標(biāo)志性詞句型結(jié)構(gòu):肯定句一般疑問句否定句主語主語+系動(dòng)詞+isn,t/aren,tis/are+表語Are/Is+主語+表語?+表語Iam+表語Iamnot+表1.表頻率的副詞表示習(xí)語一般慣性（often）主語現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作2.every+n+don't+v時(shí)或狀態(tài)3.onceaday主語+V（原形）Do+主語+v（原形）.…？（原形）4.insummerShe/He/It+vsDoes+she/he/it+v（原She（動(dòng)詞三單形式）形）….？/He/It+doesn't+V（原形）

l.now主語現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)2.atthemoment主語+am/isare+isn't/aren5t進(jìn)行生的3.atthis+ving（動(dòng)詞的Is/Are+主語+ving....?+ving...時(shí)動(dòng)作Time現(xiàn)在分詞形式）Iamnot4.祈使句開頭+ving...將來某個(gè)l.next+n主語+will+VWill+主語+V.......?主語+woo't+V..._般將來時(shí)時(shí)刻發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)2.in+段時(shí)間3.含有tomorrow的詞組主語+am/is/are+goingto+VIs/Are+主語+goingto+v...?主語+isn't/aren't+goingto+v 一般過去時(shí)過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)l.last+n.段時(shí)間+ago.帶有yesterday的詞組.justnow主語+was/were+表語主語+VedWas/Were+主語+表語?Did+主語+V（原）..…?主語+wasn*t/weren't+表語主語+didn't+V（原）..…1.already,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或者動(dòng)作的持續(xù)2.just,yet3.never,ever4.數(shù)詞+times5.since+過去時(shí)間點(diǎn).for+段時(shí)間.bynow.uptonow9.sofar主語+have/has+doneHave/Has+主語+done....?主語+haven't/hasn't+done..…

lO.inthepast+段時(shí)間動(dòng)詞變第三人稱單數(shù)方法動(dòng)詞變過去式或過去分詞方法動(dòng)詞變現(xiàn)在分詞方法1.一般在詞尾直接加S.want-wantslike-likes1.一般在詞尾直接加ed。want-wantedplay-played1.一般直接加ing。read-readingfly-flying2.以sshchxo結(jié)尾的單詞加escatch-catchesgo-goesdo-does1.以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的單詞加dlive-livedlove-lovedlike-liked2.以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的單詞,去e加ingomake-makingcome-coming★注意:see中ee字母組合發(fā)音,see-seeing,snow中ow組合發(fā)雙元音,snow-snowing3.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的單詞,變y為i,再加es。study-studies carry-carries2.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的單詞,變y為i,再加edocry-criedtry-triedstudy-studies3.以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾,構(gòu)成一元一輔結(jié)構(gòu)，雙寫尾字母，再加ingoswim-swimmingrun-runningshop-shopping4.特殊變化have-has4.以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾,構(gòu)成一元ー輔結(jié)構(gòu),雙寫尾字母,再加ed。shop-shoppedstop-stopped4.ie結(jié)尾變成y,再加ingodie-dyinglie-lying（躺、撒謊）5.特殊變化eat-atesee-sawsing-sangdo-did知識(shí)點(diǎn)1——一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主要表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)間內(nèi)和與現(xiàn)在時(shí)間有聯(lián)系的時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀

態(tài)。A一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的運(yùn)用（概念解讀）以及情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法條件例句表示現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作IoftenwatchTVatnight.表示現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)常存在的狀態(tài)Thebenchiswhitenow.表示主語的特征、能力或習(xí)慣IcanspeakEnglish.Helikesdancing.表達(dá)客觀事實(shí)、普遍真理、格言、引用時(shí)等Theearthgoesaroundthesun.在時(shí)間狀語從句和條件狀語從句中,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。Hewillfailhisexamifhedoesn'tworkhard.1willbeateacherwhenIgrowup.含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞示例肯定句Ican+V.原…He/She/ItcanV.原...We/You/TheycanV,原…否定句Ican'tV.原…He/She/Itcan'tV.原...We/You/Theycan'tV.原...一般疑問句CanyouV,原…？Canhe/she/itV.原…？Canyou/you/theyV.原...？特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞+can+主語+V.原+...?★特殊疑問詞+can+主語+do+...?（對(duì)謂語動(dòng)詞提問）B——一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞★★★★★頻度畐リ詞:often,usually,always,sometimes,never,seldom,onceaweek,twiceayear,★時(shí)間詞組:everyweek/day/year/month...onSundays,inJanuary,inthemorning等。知識(shí)點(diǎn)2 般過去時(shí)A一般過去時(shí)的運(yùn)用（概念解讀）條件例句表示過去某一時(shí)刻發(fā)生的動(dòng)作IwatchedTVwithmomlastnight.表示過去某個(gè)階段經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)Hewalkedtoschoollastthreeyear.Oncehewasababy.Butnowheisatallman.B一般過去時(shí)的句型構(gòu)成形式含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞示例肯定句Icould+V.原…He/She/Itcould+V,原...We/You/Theycould+V.原...否定句Icouldn'tV,原…Hc/Shc/Itcouldn't+V.原…Wc/You/Thcycouldn,t+V,原…一般疑問句CouldyouV.原…？Couldhe/she/it+V.原…？Couldyou/you/theyV.+原...?特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞+could+主語+V.原+...?★特殊疑問詞+could+主語+do+…？（對(duì)謂語動(dòng)詞提問）C一般過去時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞★★★★①…ago（twodaysago/10minutesago/longago等,表示一段時(shí)間的詞或詞組）②yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday（帶有yesterday的詞或詞組）③last...（lastweek/year/night/month等名詞）?justnow,attheageof...,onceuponatime,（從前,很久以前），then（那時(shí)）,onthatday（在那天）⑤用When引導(dǎo)的過去時(shí)態(tài)的句子做句子中的時(shí)間狀語知識(shí)點(diǎn)3——一般將來時(shí)A一般將來時(shí)的運(yùn)用（概念解讀）條件例句表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)Iwillgohometomorrow.Thelightwillberedsoon.表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)間段經(jīng)常進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)Wewillworkathomeinthefuture.Alicewillbeateacherintenyears.★在時(shí)間狀語從句和條件句中,常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)（參看一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)講義）?！铩飐hall用于將來時(shí)代替will,只能用于第一人稱,而will可用于所有人稱?！颾egoingto+V.原形也可以表示將來時(shí)，意為“計(jì)劃/打算做某事”，★小升初的“考試’‘中可能還會(huì)涉及這些知識(shí)點(diǎn):1）一些表示“移動(dòng)”瞬間動(dòng)詞可以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來。如:come,go,leave,fly,arrive,move,start,begin,return等,這幾個(gè)詞是考試的時(shí)候經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)。2）if條件句中時(shí)態(tài)“主將從現(xiàn)’’現(xiàn)象,從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)。B一般將來時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞★★★★（1）tomorrow明天,thedayaftertomorrow后天②next+n...（nextyear/month/week/summer）3inthefuture在將來,soon不久/馬上,someday（將來的某一天）,thisevening/afternoon/year,tonight今晚4in+時(shí)間段,表示“一段時(shí)間之后”:例：intwoweeks/days/year（對(duì)這個(gè)短語提問用howsoon）知識(shí)點(diǎn)4——現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)A現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的運(yùn)用（概念解讀）條件例句表示說話時(shí)正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作Pleasebequiet!Thebabyissleeping.表示現(xiàn)階段一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作（說話時(shí)不ー定在進(jìn)行）Sheiswritingabookthesedays.（說話時(shí)不一定在寫）表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作（常用于瞬間動(dòng)詞）TheKing'sbirthdayiscoming.（生日還沒至リ）B現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的句型構(gòu)成形式★現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)句型口訣:主語在前be在后,現(xiàn)在分詞跟著走,其他成分不可丟。變一般很簡(jiǎn)單,把be提到句子前,否定句也不難,be后要把not添。還有一點(diǎn)要注意,動(dòng)作提問doing替。C現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞★★★★1）時(shí)間狀語nowヽatthemoment（此時(shí)此刻）；2）句前有提示詞LookListen!Lookat…、其他類似,Bequiet!"的祈使句;3）表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)間的句子Ifs8o，clock.等。4）句中出現(xiàn)whereissb?（既可以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),也可以用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),要結(jié)合語境來分析）注:某些表示情感、認(rèn)知和所屬的單詞如果要表示目前的動(dòng)作,不用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),而是用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。這些詞有l(wèi)ike,love,hate,think,believe,miss,have,know例:Ididn'tlikeEnglishafewyearsago,butnowIlikeitverymuch.Imissyounow.Ihavetenbooksinmybagnow.知識(shí)點(diǎn)5——現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)A現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的運(yùn)用條件示例動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（可能繼續(xù)發(fā)生，也可能結(jié)束）HehaslivedinBeijingfortenyears.他在北京住了十年了。（可能今后繼續(xù)在北京,也可能說話后有其他打算）動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去,已經(jīng)結(jié)束，對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成了影響或結(jié)果。1.Shehasleft.（對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響或結(jié)果:她現(xiàn)在不在這兒）2.1havefinishedmywork,我的工作做完了。（對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響或結(jié)果:現(xiàn)在我沒事了。）B不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式、過去分詞變化規(guī)律1iswasbeen52teartoretom2arewerebeen53wearworeworn3beginbeganbegun54buildbuiltbuilt4drinkdrankdrunk55spendspentspent5ringrangrung56sendsentsent6singsangsung57lendlentlent7swimswamswum58saysaidsaid8sinksanksunk59paypaidpaid9swingswangswung60laylaidlaid

10stickstuckstuck61mcclmetmet11digdugdug62leadledled12sitsatsat63speedspedsped13givegavegiven64feedfedfed14riseroserisen65speedsped/speededsped/speeded15drivedrovedriven66feelfeltfelt16writewrotewritten67keepkeptkept17rideroderidden68sleepsleptslept18bitebitbitten69sweepsweptswept19hidehidhidden70leaveleftleft20choosechosechosen71smellsmelt/smelledsmelt/smelled21freezefrozeIro/cn72spellspelt/spelledspelt/spelled22stealstolestolen73letletlet23speakspokespoekn74cutcutcut24breakbrokebroken75hithithit25becomebecamebecome7626comecamecome77hurthurthurt27bringbroughtbrought78costcostcost28buyboughtbought79setsetset29thinkthoughtthought80putputput30fightfoughtfought81readreadread31catchcaughtcaught82spreadspreadspread32teachtaughttaught83burstburstburst33telltoldtold84g。wentgone34sellsoldsold85comecamecome35getgotgot86havehadhad36forgetforgotforgotten/87eatateeaten37forgot88

38throwthrewthrown89loselostlost39showshowedshown40showed90meanmeantmeant41blowblewblown91learnleantlearnt42growgrewgrown88hearheardheard43knowknewknown89holdheldheld44flyflewflown90winwonwon45drawdrewdrawn91taketooktaken46seesawseen92shakeshookshaken47standstoodstood93makemademade48understandunderstoodunderstood94runranrunC現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的標(biāo)志詞1already（已經(jīng)），just（剛好）yet（尚,還）2ever（曾經(jīng)），never（從來沒有），before（以前）3動(dòng)作發(fā)生的次數(shù)為標(biāo)志。4用于從過去開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作:for+一段時(shí)間;since+過去時(shí)間/過去時(shí)態(tài)的句子。5其他標(biāo)志詞:inthepast(last)+短時(shí)間;sofar；recently；upto/bynowD區(qū)另リhavegoneto,havebeento,havebeenin詞組區(qū)別示例have/hasgoneto表示“去了未回”主語為第三人稱（he,she,it,they）—MayIspeaktoLisa?一Sorry.ShehasgonetoBeijing.have/hasbeento表示“去過已回”經(jīng)常與for+次數(shù)連用IhavebeentoAmericatwice.have/hasbeenin“待在某地一段時(shí)間”經(jīng)常與for+時(shí)間段連用。HehasbeeninShanghaifortenyears.

E瞬間動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)換：瞬間動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)狀態(tài)瞬間動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)狀態(tài)cometospbein/at/onspbegin/startbeongotospbein/at/onspfinish/endbeoverarrivein/atspbein/at/onspdiebedeadleavespbeawayfromspborrowkeepjointhearmybeinthearmybuyhaveA:Hehasboughtanewcar.B:\Vhendidhebuyit?A:HeA:Hehasboughtanewcar.B:\Vhendidhebuyit?A:Heboughtitlastmonth.B:Hehashaditforamonth.A:Hisdadhasdied.B:Whendidhedie?A:Hediedlastweek.B:Hehasbeendeadforaweek.三、【典例探究】Whendidshecome?Shecameheretwodaysago.Shehasbeenheresincetwodaysago.Ihaveleftschool.Whendidyouleaveschool?IleftschoolwhenIwaslen.Youhavebeenawayfromschoolsinceyouwereten.【例題】:【選自《蘭生小五模擬試卷》】There(notbe)anybreadonthetable.(take)themtotheroom,please.We'dbetter(notsmoke)here.Smokingisnotallowedinpublicplaces.Wouldyoulike(give)thebooktohim?We'llhaveafootballmatchifit(notrain)tomorrow.1amnot(clean)theroomnow.I(make)cakes.ItwasmybirthdaylastSunday.I(have)abigmeal.Thesun(rise)intheeast.He(see)afilmthiscomingweekend.一Whereyourparents?—They(watch)TVinthesittingroom.答案：1.isn't2.Take3.notsmoke4,togivedoesn't5.cleaning6.ammaking7.had8,rises9.willseelO.arearewatching解析:.本題考查therebe句型,bread為不可數(shù)名詞,所以要用單數(shù)is。.祈使句的構(gòu)成就是動(dòng)詞原形位于句首。.1dbetter的完整形式是hadbetter,翻譯為“最好......"是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,后面+動(dòng)詞原形。注意‘dlike的完整形式是wouldlikeo.wouldlike后面+todo=wanttodo想要做 .If引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中,當(dāng)主句和從句都表示將來意思,時(shí)態(tài)要遵從“主講從現(xiàn)”.根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語now判斷時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),要用cleaning,后面也要用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。.根據(jù)前一句的lastSunday可以判斷為過去時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語,所以后面have要用過去式。.Sun為第三人稱,后面動(dòng)詞為三單結(jié)構(gòu)。.時(shí)間狀語可以判斷為將來時(shí),所以用willsee。.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)?？嫉末`個(gè)考點(diǎn),學(xué)生要注意用進(jìn)行時(shí)。四、【課堂運(yùn)用】【基礎(chǔ)】【練習(xí)1]Hebackamonthago.(come)Mymotheroftentellsmeinbed.(notread)musttakeitbackthedayaftertomorrow.Youcanonlyitfor24hours,(keep)Whyhaveyoukeptmeherefbrsolongatime?(wait)Pleasecometoourmeetingifyoufreetomorrow,(be)答案:1.came2.nottoread3.keep4.waiting5.are【練習(xí)2】ShetotheGreatWallseveraltimes,(go)Inhisletter,hesaidthatheusverymuch,(miss)Hewenttoschoolinsteadofhome,(go)Hesaidhebecameinphysics,(interest)Thisfilmisworth.(see)答案:6.erestedlO.seeing【鞏固】【練習(xí)1】Wefoundthewindow.(break)Intheolddaysitwasdifficultforthepoortoajob.(find)It'scoldoutside,soyou'dbetteryourcoat,(puton)Heishungry.Pleasegivehimsomething.(eat)Pleasedon'twastetimeTVeveryevening.YoushouldwordhardatEnglish,(watch)答案:11.broken12.find13.puton14.toeat15.watching【練習(xí)2】Greatchangesinourcountrysince1978.(takeplace)1mydaughtersincelastmonth,(hearfrom)1didn'trememberherthebookbefore,(give)Don'ttouchthatchild,(sleep).1willLiMingthegoodnewsassoonasIseehim.(tell)答案:16.havetakenplace17.heardfrom18.giving19.sleeping2O.tell【拔髙】【練習(xí)!]YesterdayMarycouldn'tfinishherhomework,soshehastogoonitthisafternoon,(do)Wefootballwhenitbegantorain.Wehadtostopandgohome,(play)XiaoLinfromhereforabouttwohours,(beaway)Lastnightwebackhomeuntiltheteacherleftschool,(notgo)ComradeLiDazhaoinprisonin1927.(put)答案:21.doing22.wasplaying23.hasbeenaway24.didn,tgo25.wasput【練習(xí)2]—WhereisprofessorLee?—Hetothelibrary.He'llcomebacksoon,(go)WouldyoupleasemeanEnglish-Chinesedictionarywhenyoucome?(bring)Tiltellhimthenewsassoonasheback,(come)Theboybythedoorismybrother,(stand)Doyourememberthefilmlastyear?(see)答案:26.es29.standing3O.seeing五、【課后鞏固】【習(xí)題1]一.按要求填詞例:writewriteswritingwrotewrittenwalk study wish play rain go die run come do fly stop see swim buy 答案:略二,用所給的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Canyou(speak)English?We(have)amathstesttomorrow.John(know)thatmaninblack?Peter(ride)hisnewbicycleinthegarden.He'shappy.Tomwants(drink)somejuice.6.1like(collect)stampsverymuch.Jackoften(go)toschoolatseven.you(go)swimminglastweek?He(open)thedoorjustnow.10.1amgoodat(sing).答案:1speak2willhave3Does...know4isriding5todrink6collecting7goes 8Did...go 9opened10singing三.用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.IfsthefirsttimeI(travel)byplane.2?You(catch)acoldifyou(notput)onyourovercoat.WhileI(mop)thefloor,mymother(do)thewashing.Bylastyear,he(change)threejobs.Allworkandnoplay(make)Jackadullboy.He(be)awayfromhomeforthreeyears.—you(be)toShanghaiGrandTheater?-Yes,Ihave.I(go)therelastmonth.Hetoldusthathe(ask)forleavethenextweek.9.1feltsickwhenI(take)theexam.10.Motherdidn'tleavethebabyuntilhe(fall)asleep.答案:1havetravelled 2willcatch...don'tput3wasmopping...wasdoing4.hadchanged5makes6.hasbeen7.Have..been...went8.wouldask9.wastakinglO.fell/hadfallen四.單項(xiàng)選擇填空Ididn'tseeyouatthemeeting.Ithoughtyounotthere.A.wereB.was C.hadD.areWeweregladtoknowthatheinShanghaiforanotherweek.A.willstayB.wouldstayC.arestayingD.hadstayedIsurethatyoutheexam.A.am...pass B.am...willpassC.was...passD.was...willpassOurteachertoldusthatwaterat0℃.A.freezeB.frozeC.freezesD.wouldfreezeGuangzhouinthesouthofChina.A.locates B.islyingC.islocating D.liesWealltheworkbylastweek.A.finishedB.havefinishedC.hadfinishedD.willfinishIseehimwhenIwaswalkinginthestreet.A.happentoB.washappeningtoC.happenedtoD.happenstoIthewindowassoonasittorain.A.closed...started B.closed...wasstartingC.wasclosing...started D.hadclosed...startedThereanEnglishcontestnextweek.Willyoutakepartinit?A.ishavingB.isgoingtohaveC.willhaveD.willbeWeclosefriendsformorethantenyears.A.becameB.wereC.havebecomeD.havebeen答案:1A2B3B4C5D6C7C8A9D10D【習(xí)題2】Fillintheblankswiththeproperform.already(see)thefilm.I(see)itlastweek.he (finish)hisworktoday?Notyet.Myfatherjust(come)backfromwork.Heistirednow.Where'sLiMing?He(go)totheteacher'soffice.5.1(work)heresinceI(move)herein1999.SofarI(make)quiteafewfriendshere.HowlongtheWangs(stay)here?Fortwoweeks.8.1just(finish)myhomework.He(go)toschoolonfooteveryday.you(find)yoursciencebookyet?Ifit(be)finetomorrow,Filgowithyou.Thestudents(read)Englishwhentheteachercamein.Look!Themonkey(climb)thetree.

Mymother(come)toseemenextSunday.I'velostmypen.you(see)itanywhere?答案:have,seen,saw2.Has,finished3.has,come 4.hasgone5.haveworked,moved6.havemade*7.have,stayed8.have,finished 9.goes10.have,found11.is 12.werereading13.isclimbing14.iscoming15.Have,seenChoosethebestanswer.Howlonghaveyouhere?C.arrivedD.beenB.for2yearsD.myagewas6.A.come C.arrivedD.beenB.for2yearsD.myagewas6.Mygrandpadied.A.attheageofmy2C.whenIwas2.JanehastoBeiJing.Shewillcomebacktomorrow.A.been B.gone C.went D.neverbeenItistenyearsIlastsawher.A.after B.since C.for D.that—WhowillgotothestationtomeetLorry?—Iwill.Iherseveraltimes.A.met B.havemetC.hadmetD.willmeet—Whatanicedress!Howlongyouit?—Just2weeks.A.will,buyB.did,buyC.are,having.—A.will,buyB.did,buyC.are,having.—DoyouknowLydiaverywell?—Yes,SheandIfriendssincewewereveryyoung.A.havemade B.havebecome C.havebeen.TheSmithsinChinafor8years.A.haslived B.lived C.havebeenD.have,hadD.haveturnedD.live—Hello,thisisMr.Greenspeaking.CanIspeaktoMr.Black?—Sorry.HetheBainiaoPark.

A.hasbeentoB.hasgonetoC.wenttoD.willgotoA.hasbeentoB.hasgonetoC.wenttoD.willgoto—youever totheUS?—Yes,twice.A.Have,goneB.Have,beenC,Do,go D.were,goingIII.Rewritethesentences.1.1havebeentoMacaubefore.（改為否定句）IbeentoMacaubefore.Hehasn'tcometoschoolbeeausgJigwa&ill.（就劃線部分提問）hecometoschool?Iboughtanewbikejustnow.（用just改寫）Ijustanewbike.WebegantolearnEnglishthreeyearsago.（改為同義句）WeEnglish threeyearsHehasneversurfed,?（改成反意疑問句）Theyhavebeenhere就￡紀(jì)2QQQ.（對(duì)劃線部分提問）havetheybeenhere?Theoldmanlastyear.Hehasforayear,（die）（動(dòng)詞填空）MissGaoleftanhourago.（同義句轉(zhuǎn)換）MissGaohasanhourago.答案:1.havenot2.Whyhasn't3.havehad4.havelearnedfor5.hashe6.Howlong7.diedbeendead8.beenawaysinceAskthequestionsIhavebeentherefortwodays. you?Myfatherhaslivedheresince2000.yourfather?Helefthereyesterday.he?4）rfheyboughtabooktwohoursago. theyabook?答案:1.Howlonghave,beenthere2.Howlonghas,livedhere3.Whendid,leavehere4.Whendid,buyUse"never,ever,already,just,yet,for,since“tofillintheblanks.1.1haveseenhimbefore,soIhavenoideaabouthim.Jackhasfinishedhishomework.Mr.Wanghastaughtinthisschooltenyears.“Haveyouseenthefilm?^^"No,Ihaveseenit.""Hasthebusleft?""Yes,ithasleft."答案:1.never2.just,already3.for4.ever,never5.yet,just/already第五講:時(shí)態(tài)三、【考點(diǎn)解讀】英語中,人們?cè)诰渥颖磉_(dá)的過程中,隨著時(shí)間的變化,謂語動(dòng)詞的形式會(huì)發(fā)生相應(yīng)的變化，稱之為時(shí)態(tài)。動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)共有十六種,小升初?？嫉臅r(shí)態(tài)有五種:一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);一般將來時(shí);一般過去時(shí)；現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。小升初考試中要求掌握五種時(shí)態(tài)的概念、動(dòng)詞變化規(guī)則、標(biāo)志詞、句型變化等,重點(diǎn)民辦學(xué)校在分班考中都會(huì)涉及五種時(shí)態(tài)的用法。四、【知識(shí)講解】五大時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別:\定義時(shí)間狀語或標(biāo)志性詞句型結(jié)構(gòu):肯定句一般疑問句否定句主語主語+系動(dòng)詞+isn,t/aren,tis/are+表語Are/Is+主語+表語?+表語Iam+表語Iamnot+表1.表頻率的副詞表示習(xí)語一般慣性（often）主語現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作2.every+n+don't+v時(shí)或狀態(tài)3.onceaday主語+V（原形）Do+主語+v（原形）.…？（原形）4.insummerShe/He/It+vsDoes+she/he/it+v（原She（動(dòng)詞三單形式）形）….？/He/It+doesn't+V（原形）

l.now主語現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)2.atthemoment主語+am/isare+isn't/aren5t進(jìn)行生的3.atthis+ving（動(dòng)詞的Is/Are+主語+ving....?+ving...時(shí)動(dòng)作Time現(xiàn)在分詞形式）Iamnot4.祈使句開頭+ving...將來某個(gè)l.next+n主語+will+VWill+主語+V.......?主語+woo't+V..._般將來時(shí)時(shí)刻發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)2.in+段時(shí)間3.含有tomorrow的詞組主語+am/is/are+goingto+VIs/Are+主語+goingto+v...?主語+isn't/aren't+goingto+v 一般過去時(shí)過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)l.last+n.段時(shí)間+ago.帶有yesterday的詞組.justnow主語+was/were+表語主語+VedWas/Were+主語+表語?Did+主語+V（原）..…?主語+wasn*t/weren't+表語主語+didn't+V（原）..…1.already,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或者動(dòng)作的持續(xù)2.just,yet3.never,ever4.數(shù)詞+times5.since+過去時(shí)間點(diǎn).for+段時(shí)間.bynow.uptonow9.sofar主語+have/has+doneHave/Has+主語+done....?主語+haven't/hasn't+done..…

lO.inthepast+段時(shí)間動(dòng)詞變第三人稱單數(shù)方法動(dòng)詞變過去式或過去分詞方法動(dòng)詞變現(xiàn)在分詞方法1.一般在詞尾直接加S.want-wantslike-likes1.一般在詞尾直接加ed。want-wantedplay-played1.一般直接加ing。read-readingfly-flying2.以sshchxo結(jié)尾的單詞加escatch-catchesgo-goesdo-does3.以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的單詞加dlive-livedlove-lovedlike-liked2.以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的單詞,去e加ingomake-makingcome-coming★注意:see中ee字母組合發(fā)音,see-seeing,snow中ow組合發(fā)雙元音,snow-snowing3.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的單詞,變y為i,再加es。study-studies carry-carries4.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的單詞,變y為i,再加edocry-criedtry-triedstudy-studies3.以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾,構(gòu)成一元一輔結(jié)構(gòu)，雙寫尾字母，再加ingoswim-swimmingrun-runningshop-shopping4.特殊變化ha