Thefridgeisconsiderednecessary.Ithasbeensosincethe1960swhenpackagedfoodlistappearedwiththelabel:"Storeintherefrigerator."InmyfridgelessFiftieschildhood,1wasfedwellandhealthy.Themilkmancameeveryday,thegrocer,thebutcher(肉商),thebaker,andtheice-creammandeliveredtwoorthreetimeseachweek.TheSundaymeatwouldlastuntilWednesdayandsurplus(節(jié)余的)breadandmilkbecameallkindsofcakes.Nothingwaswasted,andwewerenevertroubledbyrottenfood.Thirtyyearsonfooddeliverieshaveceased,freshvegetablesarealmostunobtainableinthecountry.Theinventionofthefridgecontributedcomparativelylittletotheartoffoodpreservation.Manywell-triedtechniquesalreadyexisted--naturalcooling,drying,smoking,salting,sugaring,bottling...Whatrefrigerationdidpromotewasmarketing---marketinghardwareandelectricity,marketingsoftdrinks,marketingdeadbodiesofanimalsaroundtheworldinsearchofagoodprice.Consequently,mostoftheworld’sfridgesaretobefound,notinthetropicswheretheymightproveuseful,butintherichcountrieswithmildtemperatureswheretheyareclimaticallyalmostunnecessary.Everywinter,millionsoffridgeshumawaycontinuously,andatvastexpense,busilymaintaininganartificially-cooledspaceinsideanartificially-heatedhouse--whileoutside,natureprovidesthedesiredtemperaturefreeofcharge.Thefridge’seffectupontheenvironmenthasbeenevident,whileitscontributiontohumanhappinesshasbeennotimportant.Ifyoudon’tbelieveme,tryityourself,investinafoodcabinetandmmoffyourfridgenextwinter.Youmaynoteatthehamburgers(漢堡包),butatleastyou’llgetridofthatterriblehum.練習(xí)題：Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:1.Thestatement"Inmyfridgelessfiftieschildhood,Iwasfedwellandhealthily."suggeststhat______.A.theauthorwaswell-fedandhealthyevenwithoutafridgeinhisfifties.B.theauthorwasnotaccustomedtofridgeseveninhisfifties.C.therewasnofridgeintheauthor’shomeinthe1950s.D.thefridgewasinitsearlystageofdevelopmentinthe1950s.2.Whydoestheauthorsaythatnothingwaswastedbeforetheinventionoffridges?A.Peoplewouldnotbuymorefoodthanwasnecessary.B.Foodwasdeliveredtopeopletwoorthreetimesaweek.C.Foodwassoldfreshanddidnotgetrotteneasily.D.Peoplehadeffectivewaystopreservetheirfood.3.Whobenefitedtheleastfromfridgesaccordingtotheauthor?A.Inventors.Consumers.Manufacturers.Travellingsalesmen.4.Whichofthefollowingphrasesinthefifthparagraphindicatesthefridge’snegativeeffectontheenvironment?A.“Humawaycontinuously”.B.“Climaticallyalmostunnecessary”.C.“Artificially-cooledspace”.D.“Withmildtemperatures”.5.Whatistheauthor’soverallattitudetowardfridges?Neutral.Critical.Objective.Compromising.1.[C]句意理解題。由句中的childhood可知，fifties指的應(yīng)當(dāng)是50年月，而不行能是50多歲，據(jù)此可清除A、B;fridgeless是合成詞，由詞根fridge"冰箱”和表示否認(rèn)的后綴-less構(gòu)成，由可推測(cè)其意為“無冰箱的"，故C正確。2.[D]事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。在第2段中，說到“不會(huì)浪費(fèi)東西”前，作者指出把吃剩的面包和牛奶做成蛋糕，以防備浪費(fèi)，故D正確。A、C在文中并未說起，清除;B所述并不是不浪費(fèi)食品的原由，也可清除。3.[B]看法態(tài)度題。綜觀全文，作者對(duì)以為冰箱不是必備品，最后一段更明確指出，它對(duì)人類幸福的貢獻(xiàn)不足掛齒，故可推測(cè)，花費(fèi)者從冰箱中獲益最少，故B正確。4.[A]詞義理解題。A中的hum指"發(fā)出嗡嗡聲",表示冰箱產(chǎn)生的嗓音，是對(duì)環(huán)境的負(fù)面作用，故正確。B、D不過指出冰箱在實(shí)質(zhì)