1、翻譯不僅要求真更要求美例一：A thousand moustaches can live together, but not four breasts.千條漢子能相處；兩個(gè)婆娘不相容。1例二：-What flower does everybody have?-Tulips (=two lips) -人人都有什么花？-淚花。2例三：Some fishing boats were becalmed just in front of us. Their shadows slept, or almost slept, upon that water, a gentle quivering alone

2、showing that it was not complete sleep, or if sleep, that it was sleep with dreams.漁舟三五，橫泊眼前，檣影倒映水面，仿佛睡去，偶爾微顫，似未深眠，恍若驚夢。3作業(yè)11. Translation consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closet natural equivalent of the source language, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style.

3、( Eugene, Nida )42. Translation may be defined as follows: The replacement of textual material in one language by equivalent textual material in another language.3. A translation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work. The style and manner of writing should be the same c

4、haracter as that of the original. A translation should have all the ease of the original composition. (Tytler 1791)5參考譯文1：所謂翻譯，是在譯語中用最切近的自然的對等語再現(xiàn)原語的信息，首先就意義而言，其次就文體而言。參考譯文2：翻譯可作如下界定：用一種語言的文本材料對等地再現(xiàn)另一種語言的文本材料。參考譯文3：譯文應(yīng)完全復(fù)寫出原作的意思。譯文的風(fēng)格和筆調(diào)應(yīng)與原文的性質(zhì)相同。譯文應(yīng)和原作同樣流暢。6翻譯與美學(xué)一、音韻美 (music value) 1）The electronic

5、devices are used in computers as switches that simply turn on and off. 7譯文1、這些電子器械在計(jì)算機(jī)中起著開關(guān)的作用，只是為了打開和關(guān)掉。 2、這些電子器械在計(jì)算機(jī)中起著開關(guān)的作用，只是開開關(guān)關(guān)而已。 82）Only a very slight and very scattering ripples of half-hearted hand-clapping greeted him. 9譯文1、歡迎他的只有輕微的、分散的、三心二意的掌聲。 2、歡迎他的只有輕輕的、零零落落的、半心半意的掌聲。 10 二、節(jié)奏美（rhythm

6、 value）1）One of my friends is lucky enough to be housed in a building constructed in the age of Henry VIII. Almost every other day, groups of tourists will congregate outside his window, peering in curiously, as if he were part of the history. 11譯文1、有一位朋友有幸住在一幢亨利八世時(shí)代的古老建筑里，隔三差五窗外就有一批指指點(diǎn)點(diǎn)的游客，把他當(dāng)成古董一并

7、參觀了。 2、有一位朋友有幸住在一幢亨利八世時(shí)代的古老建筑里，隔三差五，窗外就駐足成批游客，指指點(diǎn)點(diǎn)，把他，連同這古屋，一并當(dāng)古董參觀了。 122）In the doorway, lay at least 12 umbrellas of all sizes and colors. 13譯文1、在門口至少放著尺寸不同、顏色各異的12把傘。 2、門口放著一堆雨傘，少說也有12把，五顏六色，大小不一”。 14三、簡約美（conciseness value） 1）Any person not putting litter in this basket will be liable to a fine

8、of $5. 15譯文1、任何不把凌亂的東西放入這個(gè)筐內(nèi)而任意亂扔的人將處以罰款5美元。2、垃圾不入籃，罰款5美元”。 16 四、豐潤美 (full-grownness value)1）Previously, if I had been really interested in a book, I would race from page to page, eager to know what came next. Now, I decide, I had to become a miser with words and stretch every sentence like a poor m

9、an spending his last dollar. 17譯文1、以前，假如我對一本書真的有了興趣，我就會(huì)一頁一頁往下趕，迫切地想知道接下去發(fā)生了什么。現(xiàn)在，我決定我對詞匯應(yīng)該變得像小氣鬼一樣，并且拉長每一句句子，就像一個(gè)窮人花費(fèi)他的最后一美元一樣。 2、以前，假如我對一本書真的有了興趣，就會(huì)一頁一頁的往下趕，迫切地想知道接下去發(fā)生了什么。現(xiàn)在，我決定對詞匯要像守財(cái)奴那樣，不輕易放過，也要像窮人過日子，把每個(gè)句子，當(dāng)作身邊的最后一塊錢，省吃儉用，慢慢花費(fèi)”。 18五、意境美（artistic conception value）1）Illness brought her a strange

10、restlessness and made her all the more eager to cling to life and squeeze from it the last drop of happiness. It made her envy health, but it also made her sentimental over a leaf that the wind had blown into her room. 19譯文1、疾病帶給她一種奇怪的煩亂不寧，使她更加迫切地抓住人生，從中擠出最后一滴幸福。疾病還使她羨慕健康，可是，也同樣使她看見一片被風(fēng)吹進(jìn)房間的樹葉而感傷。 2

11、、這種病使她特別敏感不安，她越發(fā)急切于抓住人生不放，似乎是要把人生的甜蜜幸福擠到最后的一滴而后已。這病使她多么羨慕人家的健康，也使她多愁善感，見一葉飄零，隨風(fēng)入室，便愁緒滿懷，無以自解 。20 六、口吻美（tone value） A thousand moustaches can live together, but not four breasts.21 七、形象美 (image value) 1）The magic spades of archaeology have given us the whole lost world of Egypt 22譯文1、考古學(xué)家們的工作讓我們了解整個(gè)古

12、埃及的情況。 2、考古學(xué)家手中的魔鏟為我們重現(xiàn)了古埃及失落的世界”。 232）My Heynes Tibullus was grasped at such a moment. It lay on the stall of the old bookshop in Goodge Street a stall where now and then one found an excellent thing among quantities of rubbish. 24譯文1、我的那本海涅編寫的狄巴拉斯詩選就是在這樣的情況下得到手的。它躺在古畿大街一家舊書屋的書攤上，你在這個(gè)書店可以時(shí)不時(shí)地在大量的垃圾

13、貨中找到絕妙的東西。 2、我的那本海涅編寫的狄巴拉斯詩選就是在這樣的情況下得到手的。它躺在古畿大街一家舊書屋的書攤上，這家書屋是一個(gè)可以沙里淘金的去處 。25 八、整飭美（parallelism value）1）They are aware that there is a difference between being loving and acting loving, between being stupid and acting stupid, between being knowledgeable and acting knowledgeable. （2002年TEM8英譯漢） 26譯

14、文1、他們清楚地知道可愛和假裝可愛，愚蠢和大智若愚，知識淵博和假裝博學(xué)間是有區(qū)別的。2、他們明白，愛與裝愛、傻與裝傻、博學(xué)和裝博學(xué)之間的區(qū)別。 272） It begins when a feeling of stillness creeps into my consciousness. Everything has suddenly gone quiet. Birds do not chirp. Leaves do not rustle. Insects do not sing. 28譯文1、起初，有一種平靜的感覺悄然襲上我的心頭。剎那間，萬物都沉寂無聲。鳥兒不再啁啾，樹葉不再沙沙作響，昆蟲

15、也停止了歡唱。 2、起初，有一種平靜的感覺悄然爬上我的心頭。世間萬物，頓時(shí)沉寂。鳥兒不再啁啾，樹葉不再婆娑，昆蟲不再吟唱。 29 九、朦朧美（mistiness value）1） Aside from damaging the islands international image, Liao said the skimpily clad women caused car accidents and spurred juvenile crime. He said they attracted the attention of teenagers who got into fights, eve

16、n though sex isnt generally on offer. 30譯文1、除了有損此島的國際形象之外，廖說，這些穿“三點(diǎn)式”服裝的女子常誘發(fā)小轎車的交通事故，導(dǎo)致少年犯罪。他說，這些女子對十幾歲的青少年頗具誘惑力，而常引起斗毆，即使這些女子通常不出賣其肉體。 2、除了有損此島的國際形象之外，廖說，這些穿著暴露的女子常誘發(fā)交通事故，他說，這些女子對十幾歲的青少年頗具誘惑力，而常引起斗毆，即使這些女子通常不從事色情交易 31十、創(chuàng)造美（creativity value） 1）If my mother had known of it, shed have died a second t

17、ime. 32譯文1、如果我母親知道這事，她一定會(huì)氣得死第二次的。 2、假如我的母親知道這件事情，她一定會(huì)氣得從棺材里面跳出來”。 332）為女民兵題照（毛澤東）颯爽英姿五尺槍，曙光初照演兵場。中華兒女多奇志，不愛紅裝愛武裝。34Militia Women -Inscription on a PhotoSo bright and brave, with rifles five feet long,At early dawn they shine on a drilling place.Most Chinese daughters have desire so strong,To face th

18、e powder and not to powder the face.353）When I was as young as you are now, towering in confidence of twenty- one, little did I suspect that I should be at forty-nine, what I now am. 36譯文1、我在你這個(gè)年紀(jì)，二十出頭，充滿自信，意氣風(fēng)發(fā)，哪里會(huì)想到49歲今天的我呢？2、我在你這個(gè)年紀(jì)，二十出頭，小荷尖尖，意氣風(fēng)發(fā)，哪里會(huì)想到49歲今天的我呢？ 37我有你這么年輕的時(shí)候，二十一歲，壯志凌云，半點(diǎn)沒有想到，四十九歲，這個(gè)年齡的樣子。38作業(yè)2翻譯下列材料，注意劃線部分1. The best friend a man has in this world may turn against him and become his enemy. His son or daughter whom he has reared with loving care m