1、Unit 1I don t put much stock in the idea of luck. I think that usually things go well or not so well for people based on their actions. I believe that for the most part you create your own luck by working hard, practicing self-discipline, remaining persistent, and making personal growth a daily prio

2、rity. 我不相信幸運這一類事情.我認為大多數(shù)時候事情發(fā)展地順利或不順利主要因為人們自己的行為 .我相信大多數(shù)的情況下你可以通過努力工作,自我約束,堅持不懈,把個人的發(fā)展作為每天必考慮的事情等方面創(chuàng)造自己的幸運.Most careers involve other people. You can have great academic intelligence and still lack social intelligence the ability to be a good listener, to be sensitive toward others, to give and take

3、 criticism well許多的職業(yè)都包含其他人（的參與）. 你可能具有超強的學術能力,然而缺少社交能力,即有能 TOC o 1-5 h z 力傾聽別人,對其他人（的反應）敏感,甚至游刃有余地給出或吸納批評.If your circumstances constantly get you down, then maybe itfor a change-s- ntiomt ein yoursituation, but in your attitude. If you can learn to make the best of any situation, you can remove a f

4、ormidable obstacle that stands between you and your dreams如果你周邊的環(huán)境經(jīng)常讓你意志消沉,也許你的確該改變一下了,可能不是改變你的位置,但至少是你的態(tài)度.如果你能學會很好地利用任何情況,你就能消除掉擋在你和你夢想之間的可怕的障礙.Anybody can make an honest mistake when things are hectic. But people lacking focus have trouble not because they re too busy, but because their priorities

5、 are out of whack. And that wastes their time and resources.任何人在忙忙碌碌的時候都會犯錯誤.但是注意力不集中的人經(jīng)常遇到麻煩不是因為他們太忙了,而是因為他們?nèi)狈?yōu)先考慮的事情.這樣,不僅浪費了他們的時間,也浪費了資源.If you resist change, you re really resisting success. Learn flexibility, or learn to like living withyour failures.如果你拒絕變化,你就是拒絕成功.學會靈活,否則就得學會習慣忍受失敗.The greate

6、r your talent, the more likely you are to lean heavily on it and skip the hard day-to-day work of improving it. If you possess this negative tendency, put yourself on a growth plan so that you can make the most of your God-given talent.你的天分越大,你就有可能越倚賴于天分,甚至跳過日復一日完善它的工作.如果你有了這樣消極的傾向,給自己定一個進步計劃,這樣你就能充

7、分利用好上帝給你的天賦.Unit 2Today, many institutions seem to be ignoring the liberal arts in favor of a curriculum that leans more and more toward vocational careers in some trade or occupation.現(xiàn)在， 很多院校似乎忽視文科，課程的設置越來越偏重那些面向某一行業(yè)或某一職業(yè)的教育。. Teachers and professors too often are portrayed as idealists living in a

8、n ivory tower who are out of touch with real world. They are accused of emphasizing academic skills or studies that do not relate directly to helping a person move closer to a prospective job or career.老師、 教授常被描述成生活在象牙塔中的理想主義者，他們不諳世事，只強調(diào)理論知識的學習，而這些知識對人們進一步走向未來的工作或職業(yè)并沒有直接關系。The problem is that most s

9、tudents now view higher education as a particular means to a particular end.問題是現(xiàn)在很多學生把高等教育看成是達到某種目的的某種手段。. The justification for a university is that it preserves the connection between knowledge and the zest of life, by uniting the young and the old in the imaginative consideration of learning.大學之所

10、以存在是因為它維系了學習知識和熱愛生活二者間的聯(lián)系。這種結(jié)合是在對學習充滿想象的思考中，通過把現(xiàn)在和過去聯(lián)系起來而得以實現(xiàn)。.The student has foeuarsy to discover himself a space between the intellectual wasteland he has left behind and the inevitable dreary professional training that awaits him after the baccalaureate.學生“有四年的時間來發(fā)現(xiàn)他已經(jīng)越過的知識荒漠與畢業(yè)后必然面對的單調(diào)的職業(yè)培訓之間還有

11、多大的距離。”.We must make each student begin to see his or her place as a small, but vital, link in a continuous chain of humanity that began thousands of years ago and stretches on well into the future.我們必須使每個學生開始明白：他 / 她在人類連綿不斷的鏈條上只是其中的一環(huán)，這一環(huán)雖小，卻至關重要。這鏈條的前面有數(shù)千年的歷史，并向無限的未來延伸。.Life does not consist of ta

12、king courses in small segments. A productive life consists of finding huge tasks and mastering them with whatever tools of intelligence and energy we have.We are going to turn you loose on some huge tasks. Lets see what you can do with them.人生不是孤立地學習一些課程，充實的人生應該是找到艱巨的任務，然后盡我們所能用我們的知識、力量來完成。我們準備放手讓你們

13、來完成一些艱巨的任務。讓我們拭目以待看看你們?nèi)绾蝸硗瓿伞?Let us create environments where our students can grow and emerge as creative and thinking persons individuals who know history, philosophy, religion, literature, etc. After all, these are the liberalizing arts, the studies that liberate the mind and send it questing on

14、strange and alluring adventures.讓我們?yōu)閷W生營造環(huán)境，使他們成長為有創(chuàng)造性、有思想的人懂歷史、哲學、宗教、文學等等的個體。畢竟，這些學科是“自由的藝術”，學習它們可以解放思想，有助于學生對陌生、神秘事物的探求。. If we accept what Upham says, and we are committed to preparing our students for the real world beyond graduation, then there can be a promising future for the liberal arts in t

15、his growing age of technology.如果我們可以接受烏帕姆所講的話，我們就有義務幫助學生面對他們畢業(yè)后所接觸的真實的世界。那么在這個技術日益發(fā)展的時代，文科才可能有光明的未來。Unit 3Indeed, globalization became the grands trategy o f the Clinton administration, which envisioned the U.S. elite being the primus inter pares - first among equals of a global coalition leading th

16、e way to the new, benign world order.的確， 全球化成為克林頓政府的 “大戰(zhàn)略”，視美國精英為能建立新的良性世界秩序的全球聯(lián)盟中的首席同等者之首。 Trade liberalization has stalled, aid is less coherent than it should be, and the next financial conflagration will be managed by an injured fireman.“貿(mào)易自由化陷入停頓， 援助也未按計劃貫穿始終，撲救下次金融大火的將是一位自身負傷的消防員?！盩here has be

17、en too much dissonance between the promise of globalization and free trade and the actual results of neoliberal policies, which have been more poverty, inequality, and stagnation. 全球化和自由貿(mào)易許諾的美好前景與新自由主義貿(mào)易政策的實際結(jié)果有著太多的不一致，新 自由主義貿(mào)易政策帶來的是加倍的貧困、更高程度的不平等和更嚴重的經(jīng)濟停滯。These agreements are in many ways more dang

18、erous than the multilateral negotiations at the WTO since they often require greater concessions in terms of market access and tighter enforcement of intellectual property rights.這些協(xié)議常要求就市場準入做出更大的讓步、對知識產(chǎn)權實施更嚴格的保護，因此在許多方面比世貿(mào)組織的多邊談判更加危險.Fifteen years since it was trumpeted as the wave of the future, g

19、lobalization seems to have been a brave new phase of the capitalist adventure than a desperate effort by global capital to escape the stagnation and disequilibria overtaking the global economy in the 1970s and 1980s. The collapse of the centralized socialist regimes in Central and Eastern Europe def

20、lected people s attention from this reality in the early 1990s.自從全球化被鼓吹為大勢所趨以來，時間已經(jīng)過去了十五個年頭。全球化似乎并不是資本家探索開拓的 “大膽的新階段”， 更多的倒是全球資本為擺脫上世紀七八十年代席卷全球經(jīng)濟的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的停滯和不均衡所做的孤注一擲的努力。二十世紀九十年代早期中東歐中央集權的社會主義國家的解體把人們的注意力從這一事實上轉(zhuǎn)移開去。The urgent task is not to steer corporate- driven globalization in a social democratic

21、directionbut to manage its retreat so that it does not bring about the same chaos and runaway conflicts that marked its demise in that earlier era.迫切的任務并非將受公司驅(qū)動的全球化轉(zhuǎn)為 “社會民主”方向， 而是要妥善應付它的衰退趨勢，使其不再引起與其早期消亡標志相同的混亂和失控的沖突。Unit 4THE long-run value of all paper currencies is zero. So why should the dollar

22、be any different?Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, Irans president decried the dollar as a worthless piece of paper 所有紙幣的長期價值為零，因此，為什么美元就應該與眾不同呢？伊朗總統(tǒng)哈邁迪內(nèi)賈德詆毀美元是“一文不值的廢紙”。We should be concerned, but if the administration, the Federal Reserve and the Congress act responsibly, the dollar should be near its bottom a

23、nd begin to rise against most foreign currencies. 我們應該擔憂，但如果政府、美聯(lián)儲和國會采取負責任的行動，美元就應該已接近谷底并對大多數(shù)外幣開始升值。Many believe and some evidently hope that the greenback might be on its way out as an international currency. Worrying parallels are seen between the dollars recent fall and the decline of sterling as

24、 a reserve currency half a century ago.許多人認為（部分人顯然希望）美元作為國際貨幣或許正在減弱。美元近來的走弱和半個世紀前英鎊作為國際儲備貨幣的落敗之間，人們看到同樣令人擔憂的事情。That currencies rise and fall and test records is hardly unusual. What lends the dollars decline anair of crisis is that the worlds bloated currency reserves are crammed with depreciating d

25、ollar assets.貨幣價格的漲落以及壓力位的創(chuàng)新幾乎不是罕見的。給美元走弱添加危機氛圍的原因是，全球龐大的外匯儲備充斥著這種貶值的美元資產(chǎn)。What lends the dollars decline an air of crisis is that the worlds bloated currency reserves are crammed with depreciating dollar assets.美元下滑是危機之所在，全球臃腫的外匯儲備受到美元資產(chǎn)貶值的影響。The dollar has weathered these storms. But now it faces a

26、 nasty squall that combines both cyclical and structural blasts. Its decline in the past five years has imposed a huge capital loss on foreign-exchange reserves. If this becomes too painful, central banks may be tempted to cut their losses and dump their dollars, causing a slump in the currencys val

27、ue.美元安然度過了這三次風暴。然而， 美元當下面臨的強大風暴卻是眾多周期性氣流和結(jié)構(gòu)性氣流的結(jié)合體。過去 5 年之中，美元的下跌令全球外匯儲備遭受了龐大的資本損失。如果這種損失造成的痛苦過于嚴重，各國央行可能會考慮止損、拋售美元，這勢必會導致美元暴跌。Reserves are held to buttress confidence in a countrys own currency, not as a float for global trading. As a backstop, reserves need to be easily convertible （so they can be

28、 used as an emergency source of liquidity） and a good store of value.各國持有外匯儲備則是為了支持對本幣的信心，而不是為了將其作為外貿(mào)支付手段。因此，儲備貨幣應易于兌換（以便在緊急情況下提供流動性），并應具備良好的保值能力。Despite the anxiety and gloom, some straws in the wind suggest that the dollars decline may soon slow. In the past few weeks it has regained ground agains

29、t a handful of important currencies, including the pound and the Australian dollar.盡管焦慮萬分，憂心忡忡，但有跡象表明，美元的跌勢或許很快就會減速。在過去幾周中，在和包括英鎊和澳元在內(nèi)的幾種主要貨幣的兌換中，美元已經(jīng)回穩(wěn)獲利。On the eve of the first world war, when Britain was the greatest trading power, the pounds share in official currency reserves was all but matche

30、d by the combined share of the French franc and German mark. After the war a three-way split was maintained, with the dollar replacing the mark.一戰(zhàn)前夜，英國是頭號貿(mào)易強國，而英鎊在官方外匯儲備中的份額則與法國法郎、德國馬克的份額之和大致相當。一戰(zhàn)全球儲備依然維持了三分天下的局面，只是美元取代了馬克的地位。Unit 7There is today, quite rightly, a growing concern for our environment

31、 and a genuine fear that, if we do not change our ways right now, the damage we will inflict on our planet will render it incapable of sustaining-for future generations-the economy we have grown accustomed to over the better part of the past two centuries.今天， 人們越來越關心環(huán)境，而且真正擔憂，如果我們現(xiàn)在不改變我們的方式，我們對這顆行星造

32、成的破壞，將會使它無法位我們的后代持續(xù)發(fā)展經(jīng)濟，而這種經(jīng)濟是我們在過去的二百年里發(fā)展更好年份中已經(jīng)習慣了的。That the earth and its resources do not belong to us and are not ours to squander without thought for the future is not proving an easy lesson for us to learn, but we are gradually succeedingor, at least, waking up to the enormity of the task tha

33、t confronts us.地球及其資源不屬于我們，也不是我們可以不考慮將來就能任意揮霍的東西，這一點并沒有被證明是我們可以容易接受的教訓，但是我們正在逐漸走向成功或者說， 至少我們正在明白我們所面臨的任務的艱巨性。The pressure is mounting for every potential polluter, every user of energy and every conspicuous contributor to climate change and global warming to clean up their act and adopt greener prac

34、tices. The transport industry is no exception to such scrutiny and pressure; indeed, it seems to attract more than its fair share of attention in this regard-certainly enough to ensure that environmental concerns are now high on the agenda in all of its sectors.每一個可能帶來污染的企業(yè)（行業(yè)），每一個能源使用者，每一個顯而易見的致使導致

35、氣候變化和全球變暖者，需要是自己行為變得清潔，采取環(huán)保事件做法的壓力正在增加。對于這樣的檢查和壓力，運輸行業(yè)也不例外。在這一點上，運輸行業(yè)似乎受到了格外關注，這些關注足以確保環(huán)境問題被提到各個部門的最高日程上。IMO s environmental work in recent years has covered a remarkably broad canvas, embracing everything, from the quality of our atmosphere to the microscopic aquatic life-forms that can be transpor

36、ted around the world in ships ballast water and deposited in alien locawl ehceores,y stemsby disrupting their delicate balance, they can cause immense damage.近年來，國際海事組織的環(huán)保工作已經(jīng)包括了從大氣層的質(zhì)量到水生微生物相當大的領域（范圍）。水聲微生物可以在壓載水中被帶到世界各地，并且排放到異樣的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中，在當?shù)厣鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)中，通過破壞其脆弱的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，可以造成極大的破壞。5.IMO s work in this respect mus

37、t be part of a broad-based effort in which everyone has a responsibility and everyone has a role to play, a concept precisely reflected in the well-known environmental call to action thinkg lobally act locallyAn.d in the long term, society willneed to address its own priorities and understand that n

38、othing comes for nothing and that there will be prices and sacrifices that we must be prepared to pay and make, for the greater good of all. 在這方面，國際海事組織的工作是無限努力的一部分。其中，每個人都有其責任，又都發(fā)揮作用。 這是一個在呼吁人們行動起來的口號中明確反映出來的：從全球考慮，從本地做起。在很長時間內(nèi)，社會將需要解決優(yōu)先考慮的事情這個問題，并且要明白沒有白給的東西，還要明白，為了給所有人獲得等大的利益，我們必須準備好支付和付出。6. And

39、in the long term, society will need to address its own priorities and understand that nothing comes for nothing and that there will be prices and sacrifices that we must be prepared to pay and make, for the greater good of all.從長遠來看，社會需要解決自身的重點問題并理解不勞則無獲/天上不會掉餡餅/每一分成果都需要付出代價，為了全體的更大利益，我們必須準備好付出代價并做出

40、犧牲。Unit 8When dusk had fallen, I should experience the double delight of being able to see by artificial light which the genius of man has created to extend the power of his sight when Nature decrees darkness.當黃昏降臨，我將由于憑借人為的光明看見外物而感到喜悅，當大自然宣告黑暗到來時，人類天才地創(chuàng)造了燈光，來延伸他的視力。Hear the music of voices, the son

41、g of a bird, the mighty strains of a orchestra, as if you would be stricken deaf tomorrow. Touch each object you want to touch as if tomorrow your tactile sense would fail. Smell the perfume of flowers, taste with relish each morsel, as if tomorrow you could never smell and taste again.聆聽樂曲的妙音，鳥兒的歌唱

42、，管弦樂隊的雄渾而鏗鏘有力的曲調(diào)吧，猶如明天你將遭到耳聾的厄運。撫摸每一件你想要撫摸的物品吧，猶如明天你的觸覺將會衰退。嗅聞所有鮮花的芳香，品嘗每一口佳肴吧，猶如明天你再不能嗅聞品嘗。Such an attitude would emphasize sharply the values of life. We should live each day with a gentleness, a vigor, and a keenness of appreciation which are often lost when time stretches before us in the consta

43、nt panorama of more days and months and years to come.這樣一種態(tài)度會突出生命的價值。我們應該滿懷溫柔，充滿活力，帶著敏銳的鑒賞力渡過每一天。而當時間在我們面前綿延不斷時，這些卻恰恰被失去了。It is the same old story of not being grateful for what we have until we lose it, of not being conscious of health until we are ill.老生常談的故事：失去了，才知道珍惜，生病了，方知健康可貴。The first day I d

44、evote to my friends, animate and inanimate. The second revealed to me the history of man and Nature. Today I shall spend in the workday world of the present, amid the haunts of men going about the business of life.第一天我獻給了我的朋友們，有生命的和無生命的。第二天向我展示了人類和自然的歷史。今天我將在當今的平凡世界里度過，在為生活事務忙碌的人們常去的地方度過。It is human

45、, perhaps, to appreciate little that which we have and to long for that which we have not, but it is a great pity that in the world of light the gift of sight is used only as a mere conveniences rather than as a means of adding fullness to life.或許， 不去欣賞我們所擁有的，而去渴望得到我們沒有的是人之常情，然而， 令人遺憾的是，在這光明的世界里，天賜與

46、人們的視覺只被用作一種方便，而不被用作使生活更加完美的手段。Court records reveal every day how inaccurately eyewitnesses see. A given event will be seen in several different ways by as many witnesses. Some see more than others, but few see everything that is within the range of their vision.法庭的記錄每天都透露出 “目擊者”看得多么不準確。某一事件會被幾個見證人以幾

47、種不同的方式“看見”。有的人比別人看得更多，但沒有幾個人看見他們視線以內(nèi)一切事物。Some sights are pleasant, filling the heart with happiness; but some are miserably pathetic. To these latter I do not shut my eyes, for they, too, are part of life. To close the eye on them is to close the heart and mind.有些景像令人愉快，使人陶醉；但有些則是極其凄慘，令人傷感。對于后者，我絕不閉

48、上我的雙眼，因為它們也是生活的一部分。在它們面前閉上眼睛，就等于關閉了心房，關閉了思想。Unit 9.Acquaintances recount his uncanny ability to calculate columns of numbers off the top of his head a feat Warren still amazes business colleagues with today.數(shù)人們敘述他張口就來計算一組組數(shù)字的時候我能起能力他的這個能力至今仍然使生意上的同事驚嘆不已。.Warren Buffett approached graduate studies wi

49、th the same resistance he displayed a few years earlier.巴菲特以幾年以前表現(xiàn)出來的反抗力進行研究生學習。.One of his best known calls was the Northern Pipe Line, an oil transportation company managed by the Rockefellers.他最著名的是對北方管道公司的拜訪，這是洛克菲勒經(jīng)營的石油運輸公司。Shortly thereafter, he waged a proxy war and secured a spot on the Board

50、 of Directors.此后不久，他進行了一場獲得代理權的戰(zhàn)爭，并且在董事會得到了一席之地。Absolutely determined, Buffett offered to work for the Graham partnership for free. Ben turned him down. He preferred to hold his spots for Jews who were not hired at Gentile firms at the time. Warren was crushed.巴菲特下定了決心，要求免費為格洛漢姆合股公司效力。巴菲特橫下一條心，提出為格雷

51、厄姆合伙人公司免費打工，本拒絕了他。本寧愿把公司的職位提供給當時不被非猶太人公司雇傭的猶太人。沃倫很消沉。Small, to say the least, but he had much bigger plans for that pool of money.盡管這筆合作資金很小，但是至少可以說，巴菲特對這筆資金有著更大的計劃。A somewhat-celebrity in his hometown, Warren never gave stock tips despite constant requests from friends and strangers alike.盡管沃倫在家鄉(xiāng)小有

52、名氣，除了朋友們和陌生人不斷要求之外，他從不給人以股市上的建議。Warren said he must have been in the bathroom when the dividend was declared. 沃倫說宣布紅利的時候他一定視在浴室里。Unit 101.She has an extremely tough job, which she happens to do very well. My wifes the one who, on occasion, has to bring the NASA chief back to Earth. She kind of shook

53、 her head. She told me that MITs past commencement speakers have been some of the worlds most powerful people. 她的工作不簡單，可她恰恰能做好。我妻子就是偶爾將航天局局長接回地球的那個人。她稍稍搖了搖頭。她告訴我說以前在麻省理工畢業(yè)典禮上講話的都是世界上最有英系那個的人 物。.You know NASA is famous for fitting a square peg into a round hole. Well, at MIT those outstanding technol

54、ogists somehow managed to precariously balance an eight-foot anvil weighing 48 units on top of the Great Dome. I said, Dont worry, honey. These are MY people. “你知道， 航天局以與外界格格不入而著稱的。在麻省理工，那些杰出的科學家就是癡迷于將重達 48 單位的八腳平臺懸懸乎乎地安放到大樓的圓頂上。這就是我手下的航天人。.Contrary to what many of you are thinking, Im not wearing t

55、his because I lost some cruel bet.And Im not wearing it because Im the victim of the latest MIT hack. At least not yet. 與你們許多人所認為的相反，我穿這件學袍，不是因為我打賭輸了，也不是我是因為最新的惡作劇得受害者才穿這件學袍的，至少到目前為止還不是。.More than that, I hope that each and every one of you remembers Galileo. Not necessarily his lectures, but his le

56、ssons and his life. For as grand as all of Galileo s discoveries and contriwere, I think his example what motivated him to live his life the way he did was really quite simple. He was committed to lifelong learning.不僅如此，我希望你們每個人都記住伽利略，不必記住他講的課，而是他的經(jīng)驗教訓和人生。因為伽利略所有的發(fā)現(xiàn)和貢獻都如此偉大，他的榜樣其實很簡單，也正是激勵著他以自己的方式度過

57、一生，他致力于終身學習。.Because if you meet that challenge and I know MIT grads can, and I know MIT grads will you will be responsible for perhaps the most dramatic revolution in the history of humankind. It is a revolution that will surpass the one that started when Galileo himself first came to cast his gaze

58、 skyward. I believe that with all my heart.因為如果你們接受挑戰(zhàn)， 我知道麻省理工的學生會接受挑戰(zhàn)，我知道你們將接受挑戰(zhàn)你們將引起人類歷史上最富戲劇性的革命。這是一場超越當伽利略將目光投向星空時就開始的革命，我真行的相信這一點。Are these goals lofty, the dreams big, the missions risky? You bet. And the chances are you will meet your share of detractors. And no doubt, you will encounter some

59、 failure along the way. But remember that Galileo was put under house arrest for his beliefs. People thought he was a heretic. Certainly if you take risks and come up short, it wont compare to that. Dont be afraid, get up, dust yourself off and move on.這些目標高遠嗎？這些夢想很大嗎？這些使命冒險嗎？這是肯定的。你們很可能會遇到貶低你們的人，毫無

60、疑問，在征程上，還會遇到失敗。但是要記?。嘿だ砸驗樽约旱男叛鍪艿杰浗藗冋J為他是異教徒。當然了，如果你去冒險，而失敗了，那與伽利略的遭遇也是無法比的。別害怕，爬起來，撣掉灰塵，繼續(xù)前進。. The real mark of your character comes from not how you react to your successes, of which I know there will be many. How you react to your failures, of which there will be, if you are bold, a number in yo