MyFavouriteSubjectWhydoyoulikethis

subject?(P43-P46,biology-reason)O○○●○○Unit4

Section

AMathsgeogaphylearn

/3:n/il

vi&vtDo

youlearn

English

byreadingaloud?你通過朗讀學英語嗎?You

canlearnabout

historyas

well

astechnology.你可以學習歷史和技術(shù)。learn(wh-)todosth:

Iwantto

learn

to

drive.我想學開車。It

is

very

important

for

us

teenagersto

learn

howto

takecare

ofourselves.我們青少年學會如何照顧自己很重要。二

ル

mk①

學習；學會：

by+方式learn/l3:n/il

vi&vtlearn(sth)from

sb

/sth從某人/某物處學習(某事):I

can

learn

a

lot

from

my

father.

我能從父親那里學到很多。②

獲悉；得知

to

get

some

informationI

learned

about/of

her

arrival

from

a

close

friend.

我從一位好友那里得知她

到了

。about

sth:learn

about/of:learn/l3:n/

vi&vt③

領(lǐng)悟；認識到

to

understand

orrealise:The

importantthing

istolearnfromyour

mistakes.重要的是要從錯誤中吸

取教訓。learn

/l3:n/ll

vi&vtlearn

...by

heart

記熟；把……背下來：

Ourteacher

asked

us

to

learn

thenew

words

by

heart.老師讓我們把這

些生詞背下來。learn

/l3:n/ilvi&vt?learned

/'l3:nid/

adj

有才華的；博學的learner

/'l3:n?(r)/

n[C]學者；學習者?learning/'l3:ni?/

n

[U]學習；學問；知識hard

/ha:d/■

adj①

硬的；堅固的；結(jié)實的

反soft

:lce

is

very

hard

and

you

can

skate

on

it.冰很結(jié)實，你可以在上面滑冰。②困難的；難對付的；費力的(difficult)

反

easy

:I

had

a

hard

time

findinga

job.我當時很難找到工作。birthplace

is.●

我們發(fā)現(xiàn)很難跟他們交流。We

find

it

hard

to

communicate

with

them.

2014長沙●

很難跟他打交道。hard

/ha:d/■adj①

(be)hard

to

do

sth

做某事很難：●很難說足球的發(fā)源地是哪里。He

is

hard

to

get

along

with.It'shardtosay

where

sOCcer's③

艱難的；難以忍受的

反easy

:They

liveda

hard

life.

他們過著艱難的

生

活。④

努力的：拼命的：He

ishardatworkon

a

robot

guide

dog.

他在努力研發(fā)機器導盲犬。hard/ha:d/

■

adj②(be)hardfor

sb(to

do

sth)某人(做某事)很難：我們很難看到自己身后的問題。It'shardforusto

see

ourproblems

behind

us.hard/ha:d/iadj

⑤

嚴厲的；苛刻的：(be)hard

on

sb/sth:Don't

be

too

hard

on

yourself

formaking

mistakes.不要因為犯錯誤而對自己太苛刻。

冀教八上

U8hard還可作副詞，但要注意區(qū)分hard

和hardly?！鯽dv①努力地；艱苦地：Work

hard

and

you'll

pass

the

exam.刻苦學習你就能通過考試。hardly

/ha:dlli/il

adv

[常與can,could

連用]幾乎不；簡直丕：I

can

hardly

breathe.It's

too

hot.(×

+cannot

hardly…)我?guī)缀醪荒芎粑?，天太熱了。hardly

常放在can,could之后，實義動詞之前②

猛烈地；重重地(heavily):●

雨下得很大。Itis

raining

hard.hard

作副詞，常放實義動詞之后1.I

have

to

work

hard

today.2.I

can

hardly

wait

for

my

birthday.3.It

is

hard

for

him

to

get

to

school

on

time,because

it

is

raining

hard.4.I

can

hardly

see

the

words

on

the

blackboard.Ineed

apair

ofglasses.練

習past/pa:st/

il■adj過去的；以往的；結(jié)束了的：Winteris

pastand

spring

hascome.

冬去春來。Inthepastthree

years,you

havegiven

me

much

helpwith

my

study.

在

過去的三年里，你在學習上給予了我很

多幫助。

2014吉林past

/pa:st/l■n

[the

past]過

去

；[C](過去的)經(jīng)歷：Running

wasn't

so

popularin

thepast.

過去跑步不是很流行。2014呼和浩特Wedon'tknow

anything

about

hispast.我們對他過去的經(jīng)歷一無所知。past/pa:st/iprep①

經(jīng)

過

：Hewalkedpastapark.他走過了一個

公

園

。②

(時間)過：It's

a

quarterpast

seven.現(xiàn)在是7點1

5

分

。past

/pa:st/l■adv

經(jīng)過；(時間)逝去：Willyoubegoingpast

myhouseonyourwayhome?

你回家的路上會經(jīng)過我家嗎?Thehoursseemedtofly

past.幾個小時一晃而過。reason/ri:zn/iln

[C]原因；理由：reason

for(doing)sth(做)某事的理由：One

good

reason

for

reading

is

thatit

is

useful.要讀書的一個充分的理由就

是它很有用。forsomereason不知什么原因：For

some

reason

he

looked

unhappytoday.

不知什么原因，今天他看上去不高

興。

difficult

/'difik?lt/l

adj(困)難的；難懂的反easy

;(人)難相處的；難應(yīng)付的：They

helpedeachother

indifficulttimes.

他們在困難時期互相幫助?！?/p>

保羅發(fā)覺學英語很難。Paul

finds

it

difficult

to

learn

English.difficult

/'difik?lt/l

adj(困)難的；難懂的反easy

;(人)難相處的；難應(yīng)付的：Theyhad

a

very

difficult

passenger.他們遇到了一個很難纏的乘客。difficult/'dfik?lt/

ladj①itisdifficult(forsb)to

dosth(

某

人)做某事很難：●

(我)記生詞很難。It's

difficult

(for

me)to

remember

newwords.

外研八上

M1difficult/'difik?lt/

l

adj②

(be)difficult(forsb)to

do(某

人)難以

……Thestory

is

a

little

difficultfor

childrento

understand.這個故事孩子

們理解起來有點難。difficulty

/'difik?lti/

i

n①

[U]

困難；艱難：●

那位老太太吃力地從椅子上站起來。The

old

lady

got

out

of

her

chair

withdifficulty.difficulty/'dfikalti/il

nhave

difficulty(in)doing

sth

在做某事方面有困難：l

have

difficulty(in)sleeping.I

worryso

much

about

my

schoolwork.我無法

入睡，很擔心我的功課。difficulty/'drfik?lti/il

n②[C]

[常用復(fù)數(shù)]難事；難題：When

you

meet

difficulties,don't

give

up.

當你遇到困難時，不要放棄。注

difficulty泛指“困難”時是不可數(shù)

名詞；指具體的“難事；難題”時，

是可數(shù)名詞，常用復(fù)數(shù)形式sure/?u?(r);??:(r)/

il■

adj①

[不用于名詞前]肯定的；確信的

(certain)

反unsureIfyou're

not

sure

how

to

do

it,askyour

teacher.要是你不確定該怎么做，

就問老師。sure/?u?(r);??:(r)/■

adj(be)sure

about

/of

sth肯定/確定某事：

Myparents

wantmetobeadoctor,butI'mnotsure

aboutthat.我父母想讓我當醫(yī)生，但對此我還不確定。sure/?u?(r);??:(r)/i■

adj②

一定會；準會：①(be)sure

to

do

sth

一定會做某事：

Believein

yourself.You

are

sure

towin

the

match.相信自己，你一定會贏得比賽。sure/?u?(r);??:(r)/■

adj②[用于祈使句](be)sure(not)todo

sth

一定(不)要做某事：Besure

nottotouch

anything

in

thelab.

千萬別碰實驗室里的任何東西。sure/?u?(r);??:(r)/■adj

for

sure

肯定地；毫無疑問地：—I

think

we'll

enjoy

the

film.

我認為我們會喜歡這部電影?！猅hat's

for

sure.那是肯定的。make

sure弄清；查明；設(shè)法確保：I

want

to

make

sure

you

are

all

right.我想確認一下你是否一切都好。sure/?u?(r);??:(r)/■

adv

[主要用于口語]肯定地；當然：—CanIhavealookatyourphotos,please?

我可以看看你的照片嗎?—Sure,here

you

are.

當然可以，給你。

2014天津useful

/'ju:sfl/il

adj

有用的；有益的

反useless

:To

learn

how

to

use

money

is

a

usefullifeskill.(×…an

useful…)學會如何使

用金錢是一項有用的生活技能。useful的第一個音節(jié)以輔音音素/j/開頭，

因此前面應(yīng)該加a

而不是anuseful/ju:sfl/

il

adj

有用的；有益的①

be

useful

to

do

sth

做某事是有用1

有益的：●做早操對我們有益。It'susefulforus

to

do

morningexercises.useful

/ju:sfl/iladj

有用的；有益的②

be

useful

to

sb

對某人是有用

I

有

益的

：Treesaregreatlyuseful

toman.樹木

對人類大有益處。

2014吉林excited

/ik'sartid/il

adj興奮的；激動

的

：exciting

/1k'saitr?/

iladj

令人興奮

的；使人激動的：指人、物對……感到興奮，是主動感到興奮的指人、事、物本身讓人興奮、激動It

is

to

takeatrip

in

thecountrysidein

springtime.春天去鄉(xiāng)