江西2025自考[老年醫(yī)學與健康]英語（二）模擬題及答案一、選擇題（共20題，每題1分，計20分）1.Inthecontextofgeriatriccare,whichofthefollowingtermsbestdescribestheprocessofadaptingtheenvironmenttomeettheneedsofelderlypatients?A.EnvironmentalmodificationB.GeriatricassessmentC.PolypharmacymanagementD.Fallpreventionstrategy2.Whatistheprimarygoalofthe"5S"methodinelderlycarefacilities,ascommonlyimplementedinChinesehospitals?A.TominimizemedicationerrorsB.ToenhancepatientmobilityC.ToimprovecleanlinessandorganizationD.Toreducestaffworkload3.WhichoftheseisacommonsignofmalnutritioninelderlypatientsinJiangxiProvince?A.ExcessiveweightgainB.DryskinandbrittlenailsC.HighbloodpressureD.Frequenturination4.AccordingtotheChineseNationalElderlyHealthSurvey,whatpercentageofelderlypeopleinruralareasofJiangxireportdifficultyaccessingmedicalservices?A.15%B.25%C.35%D.45%5.Whichmedicationisclassifiedasafirst-linetreatmentforosteoporosisinelderlyChinesepatients?A.LisinoprilB.AlendronateC.MetforminD.Simvastatin6.Inthemanagementofchronicpainintheelderly,whichnon-pharmacologicalapproachiswidelyrecommendedinJiangxihealthcaresettings?A.DailystretchingexercisesB.High-doseopioidadministrationC.ImmediatesurgicalinterventionD.Isolationfromfamilymembers7.The"GoldenPeriod"ofelderlycarerefersto:A.ThelaststageofliferequiringhighmedicalinterventionB.AperiodofactiveagingwithpotentialforimprovementC.TheagewhendementiatypicallybeginsD.Thetimewhenelderlypatientsaremostresistanttotreatment8.WhichoftheseisakeycomponentoftheChinesegovernment's"ActiveAging"policy?A.Mandatoryretirementat60B.ExpansionofgeriatrichospitalsC.Promotionofcommunity-basedcareD.Restrictionofelderlyparticipationinsocialactivities9.WhatisthemostcommoncauseofhipfracturesinelderlywomeninJiangxiProvince?A.TrafficaccidentsB.FallfromheightsC.Osteoporosis-relatedcomplicationsD.Surgicalcomplications10.WhichoftheseisarecommendeddietaryfiberintakeforelderlyChinesepatientswithconstipation?A.10-15gramsperdayB.20-25gramsperdayC.30-35gramsperdayD.40-50gramsperday11.Intheassessmentofcognitivefunctionintheelderly,theMoCAscaleispreferredovertheMMSEbecause:A.ItisshorterindurationB.ItismoreculturallyadaptedforChinesespeakersC.ItfocusesexclusivelyonmemoryD.Itrequiresfewermedicalinstruments12.WhichoftheseisatypicalsymptomofdepressioninelderlypatientswithchronicillnessesinJiangxi?A.ExcessivesleepinessB.LackofappetiteandweightlossC.IncreasedenergylevelsD.Frequentlaughter13.The"3D"approachinelderlycare(Detection,Diagnosis,andDecision-making)isprimarilyusedfor:A.ManagingdiabetesB.EarlydetectionofcognitivedeclineC.TreatingacuteinfectionsD.Administeringvaccinations14.WhichtraditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)practiceisoftenintegratedintogeriatriccareinJiangxi?A.HerbalsupplementationB.AcupunctureC.TaiChiD.Qigong15.The"RightMedication,RightDose,RightTime"principleismostrelevantto:A.GeriatricpolypharmacymanagementB.PediatricdosingC.EmergencymedicineD.Surgicalanesthesia16.IntheeventofanelderlypatientfallinginanursinghomeinJiangxi,whatisthefirststepintheresponseprotocol?A.CallingfamilymembersB.Conductingafull-bodycheckupC.ImmediatereportingtothemedicalteamD.Offeringcomfortmeasureswithoutassessinginjury17.Whichoftheseisacommonsideeffectoflong-termcorticosteroiduseinelderlypatients?A.WeightgainB.HairlossC.HearingimpairmentD.Visionloss18.The"OneHealth"approachingeriatriccareemphasizes:A.IsolatingelderlypatientstopreventdiseasespreadB.Integratinghuman,animal,andenvironmentalhealthC.ReducinghealthcarecoststhroughearlydischargeD.Focusingsolelyonmedicaltreatment19.WhichoftheseisakeychallengeinprovidingmentalhealthservicestoelderlypatientsinruralJiangxi?A.LimitedavailabilityofpsychiatristsB.HighcostofmedicationC.CulturalstigmaagainstmentalillnessD.Lackoftransportationfacilities20.The"Family-centeredcare"modelinelderlycareprioritizes:A.Hospital-basedtreatmentonlyB.IndependenceofelderlypatientsC.Involvementoffamilymembersindecision-makingD.Minimalmedicalintervention二、填空題（共10題，每題1分，計10分）1.TheChinesegovernment's"HealthyChina2030"initiativeincludesafocuson_______toimproveelderlyhealthoutcomes.2.AcommonnutritionaldeficiencyinelderlyChinesepatientsis_______.3.The"GoldenRule"ofelderlycareinJiangxihospitalsisto_______atalltimes.4._______isawidelyusedscreeningtoolforcognitiveimpairmentintheelderly.5.TheChinesetermfor"geriatricassessment"is_______.6.Elderlypatientswithchronicpainshouldbeevaluatedfor_______beforestartingmedication.7.The"5S"methodhelpsreduce_______inhealthcaresettings.8.Akeyaspectoffallpreventionintheelderlyisensuring_______inlivingspaces.9.TheMoCAscalehas_______itemstoassesscognitivefunction.10.TraditionalChinesemedicinepracticeslike_______areoftenusedtoenhanceelderlymobility.三、判斷題（共10題，每題1分，計10分）1.Polypharmacyisanormalpartofelderlycareandrequiresnointervention.(×)2.OsteoporosisismoreprevalentinruralareasofJiangxithaninurbanareas.(√)3.TheChinesegovernmentprovidesfreehealthcaretoallelderlycitizens.(×)4.TaiChiisaneffectiveexerciseforimprovingbalanceintheelderly.(√)5.Depressionintheelderlyisoftenmisdiagnosedduetostigma.(√)6.The"3D"approachisprimarilyusedforinfectiousdiseasemanagement.(×)7.Herbalsupplementsarealwayssafeforelderlypatientswithchronicillnesses.(×)8.TheMoCAscaleissuitableforallelderlypatients,regardlessofeducationlevel.(√)9.Familymembersshouldbeexcludedfromgeriatriccarediscussions.(×)10.The"OneHealth"approachisnotrelevanttoelderlycareinChina.(×)四、簡答題（共5題，每題2分，計10分）1.DescribethreecommonchallengesinprovidinggeriatriccareinruralJiangxi.2.Explaintheimportanceofenvironmentalmodificationinelderlycarefacilities.3.Listfournon-pharmacologicalmethodsformanagingchronicpainintheelderly.4.HowdoestheChinesegovernmentsupportactiveaginginitiatives?5.DiscusstheroleoftraditionalChinesemedicineinmoderngeriatriccare.五、論述題（共2題，每題5分，計10分）1.Analyzetheimpactofthe"HealthyChina2030"initiativeonelderlyhealthcareinJiangxiProvince.2.Compareandcontrastthebenefitsandlimitationsofcommunity-basedcareversushospital-basedcarefortheelderlyinChina.參考答案及解析一、選擇題1.A解析：Environmentalmodification（環(huán)境改造）是指調整居住或醫(yī)療環(huán)境以適應老年人需求，符合題意。2.C解析：5S方法（整理、整頓、清掃、清潔、素養(yǎng)）的核心是提升環(huán)境整潔度，減少安全隱患，適用于醫(yī)院管理。3.B解析：老年人營養(yǎng)不良常表現(xiàn)為皮膚干燥、指甲脆弱，江西地區(qū)調查也顯示此現(xiàn)象普遍。4.C解析：根據(jù)江西省農村老年人健康調查，約35%的農村老人反映就醫(yī)困難。5.B解析：阿侖膦酸鈉是治療骨質疏松的一線藥物，在中國老年人中常用。6.A解析：適度伸展運動可緩解慢性疼痛，非藥物干預首選。7.B解析："GoldenPeriod"指積極老齡化階段，仍有改善空間。8.C解析：中國政策鼓勵社區(qū)養(yǎng)老，減少機構依賴。9.C解析：骨質疏松是江西女性髖部骨折主因，與地域缺鈣及生活習慣相關。10.B解析：20-25克/天纖維攝入量有助于預防便秘。11.B解析：MoCA對中文人群更友好，更適用于中國老年人評估。12.B解析：抑郁常表現(xiàn)為食欲不振、體重下降，需警惕。13.B解析：3D方法強調早期識別認知問題，降低誤診率。14.D解析：氣功在江西老年人中廣受歡迎，改善平衡與體質。15.A解析：多重用藥管理需遵循此原則，避免不良反應。16.C解析：跌倒后應立即上報醫(yī)療團隊，再進行評估。17.A解析：長期激素使用易導致庫欣綜合征，體重增加常見。18.B解析："OneHealth"強調人畜共患病及環(huán)境健康關聯(lián)。19.C解析：文化觀念導致老年人不愿談論心理健康問題。20.C解析：家庭參與決策可提高治療依從性。二、填空題1.Activeaging2.VitaminB12deficiency3.Respectpatients4.MoCAscale5.老年評估(Lǎoniánpínggū)6.Comorbidities7.Medicalerrors8.Lighting9.3010.Qigong三、判斷題1.×解析：多重用藥需嚴格管理，避免藥物相