四川省綿陽東辰國際學校2025-2026學年高二上學期開學分班檢測英語試卷一、閱讀理解（本大題共5小題）FundraisingSupportVolunteersAboutthisopportunityIfyouarelookingforavolunteerpositionatthistimeandarelocatedinQueensland,thisrolecouldbeperfectforyou!ArthritisQueenslandislookingforsomewarmandengagingFundraisingSupportVolunteers.Thesevolunteerswillcallourdonorsandsupporterstoletthemknowhowmuchweappreciatetheirhelp!Thereisnoaskingfordonationsinthisrole.Thisisanonlineroleandwillbedonefromyourownhome.Theshiftsareflexibleandwillbeonanagreedschedule.Fulltrainingwillbeprovidedbeforeyoubegin.AllthatyouwillneedforthisroleisareliabletelephoneandacomputerwithareliableInternetconnection.PleasereadtheArthritisQueenslandpositiondescriptionandfillinourapplicationform(thelinkwillbesenttoyouafteryouexpressyourinterest).Fromtherewe’llreviewyourapplicationandyoumaybeinvitedforaphoneinterviewtodiscusstherole.Welookforwardtohearingfromyou!Additionalrequirements●Excellentcommunicationskills●ComfortablewithusingMicrosoftITpackages●WillingtoobtainaPoliceCheck(organisedthroughArthritisQueensland)●StrongcustomerserviceskillsandafriendlyphonemannerTimeRequired●Upto15hoursovertwodaysperweekSuitablefor●Online&RemoteVolunteers●Peoplewithdisability1．WhatdoesArthritisQueenslandaskthevolunteerstodo?A．Providefinancialsupport.C．Organizefundraisingevents.2．Whatisrequiredofapplicants?B．Makethank-youcalls.D．Askfordonationsonline.A．BeingskilledatusingMicrosoftITpackages.B．Attendingaface-to-faceinterview.C．Havingalargecustomerbase.3．Whoaremostlikelytoapply?A．Thosewhocan’taffordacomputer.D．Beingavailableonweekends.B．ThosewholiveoutsideQueensland.C．Thosewhoprefertoworkfromhome.D．Thosewhodon’tlikeengagingwithpeople.Myaffairwithsugarbeganinnocentlyenoughinmychildhood,whenIindulged(沉迷)insweettreatsasrewardsforgoodbehaviorbyoverworkedbutlovingparents,orasameanstocelebratespecialoccasions.AsIgrewolder,mycraving(渴望)intensified,leadingmetoseekthesweetcomfortofchocolate,Coke,andCheeseCheetos.Thesesugarydelightsbecamemyescapefromthestressandworriesinmylife.Itwasn’tuntilmyreflectioninthemirrornolongermatchedthelively,intelligentpersonIfeltinsidethatIrealizedtheseverityofmysituation.Clothesthatoncefitmeperfectlyarenowuncomfortablytight,andclimbingaflghtofstairsleavesmebreathless.Nottomentionthat,inthepasttwotothreeyears,myweightgainhasinfluencedmyself-esteem,confidence,andoverallwell-being.Inmysearchforahealthierlifestyle,Idecidedtoturntozero-caloriedrinks,believingtheywouldbeahealthieralternativetomybelovedsugarydrinks.However,myresearchledmetoanalarmingdiscoveryofthedangersofaspartame,acommonlyusedartificialsweetenerfoundinmanyzero-caloriedrinks.Despiteitslackofcalories,aspartamehasbeenlinkedtomanyhealthconcernsincludingheadaches,dizziness,andevenmoresevereconditions.Morestudiesareneededtolearnaboutartificialsweeteners’long-termeffectsonourhealth.Still,knowingthisputmeoffzero-caloriedrinksforawhile!Withnewfoundknowledgeanddetermination,Ibeganmyjourney,tobreakfreefromsugaraddiction.Thejourneywaschallenging,withpersistentcravingsandconstanttemptations(誘惑).However,armedwithhealthiersnackalternatives,suchasfruitandnuts,andthesupportoflovedones,Igraduallyweanedmyselfoffthesugarrollercoaster.Iamrediscoveringsomeofthejoysofamorebalancedlifestyle.Regularexercisebecamemycompanion,boostingmyenergylevelsandreducingstress.4．Whatinitiallyattractedtheauthortosugar?A．Sugarydelights.B．Childhoodrewards.C．Stressfulsituations.D．Personalachievements.5．Whatcanbelearnedaboutzero-caloriedrinks?A．Theyarefreeofartificialsweeteners.B．Theycancontributetoweightloss.C．Theyarehighlyfavoredbythemarket.D．Theyposeapotentialthreattohealth.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedpartmeaninthelastparagraph?A．Stoppedconsumingsugar.C．Monitoredmysugarlevels.B．Switchedtosugarreplacements.D．Learnedthetricksofsugarcontrol.7．Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor?A．Self-awareandreflective.B．Inquiringbutcareless.C．Determinedbutimpatient.D．Self-disciplinedandambitious.We’veallhadtheexperience.We’rereadingalongandsuddenlyrealizethatalthoughoureyesarescanningthewordsonthepage,nothingisactuallyregistering.Minutespassbeforewerealizethatwe’velosttheplotentirely.Inclassrooms,studentstendtoexperiencethisdrift(偏移)inattentionwhilereadingtextsthatarechallengingorhighlytechnical—thesortsofpassagesmiddleschoolersandhighschoolersmightencounterinscience,math,orhistory.Ina2024studyof“mindlessreading,”researchersfromtheUniversityofWürzburgtrackedthereadingspeedandattentionofundergraduatesstudyingacomplexsciencetext.Atmultiplepointsduringtheexercise,prompts(提示)appearedaskingstudents“Wasyourmindwanderingwhenyoureadthelastsentence?”Studentsconfirmedmultipleinstancesoflossofattention.Researchersfoundthatvariationsinreadingspeed,lingering(逗留)onthesamepassageforlongperiods,andskippingwordsweresignalsthatstudentswerestrugglingtoremainfocusedortounderstandthematerial,andalsopredictedpoorerperformanceonlatertests.Buttheseproblemsarenotinsolvable.TheUniversityofWürzburgresearchersalsoconcludedthatwhenstudentsweretrainedtorecognizewhentheylosttrackofsentence-levelinformationorgotstuckonpassages—andweretaughtstrategiesto“plan,monitor,andregulatetheirreading”—theywereabletosuccessfullyre-routetheirattention.Toconvincestudentsoftheimportanceofeffectivereadingstrategies,it’simportanttoexplainthelong-termbenefitsofstickingthroughcomplextexts.Forexample,learninghowtomakesenseofatechnicalsciencetextmayhelpifstudentsdecidetoworkinengineering.Theskillstheyusetomakesenseofahistorytextmayhelpinfuturelegalcareers.Trytomakeitclear,literacyexpertTimothyShanahansays,thatwhenweteachstudentshowtopushthroughdifficulttexts,“whatwe’rereallydoingisshowingthemhowtogainaccesstoallofthesedifferentfieldsinoursociety.”8．Studentstendtolosetheirfocuswhilereadingif________.A．thereadingtextislongB．theyareinaclassroomC．thereadingmaterialiscomplexD．theyaremiddleorhighschoolers9．Whichofthefollowingisasignalof“mindlessreading”?A．Readingtooquickly.B．Poorperformanceontests.D．Spendingmuchtimereading.C．Changesinreadingspeed.10．Whatshouldstudentsdoiftheyexperience“mindlessreading”?A．Changethereadingmaterials.B．Gettoknowwhytheygetstuckonpassages.C．Learntonoticewhentheirattentionwanders.D．Paymoreattentiontosentence-levelinformation.11．WhatisShanahan’sattitudetohelpingstudentspushthroughdifficulttexts?A．Favorable.B．Cautious.C．Doubtful.D．Unclear.Anewstudyrevealsthatpigeons(鴿子)cantacklesomeproblemsjustlikeartificialintelligence,enablingthemtosolvedifficulttasksthatmightchallengehumans.Previousresearchhastheorizedthatpigeonsemployaproblem-solvingstrategy,involvingatrial-and-errorapproach,whichissimilartotheapproachusedinAImodelsbutdiffersfromhumans’relianceonselectiveattentionandruleuse.Toexamineit,BrandonTurner,apsychologyprofessorattheOhioStateUniversity,andhiscolleaguesconductedthenewstudy.Inthestudy,thepigeonswerepresentedwithvariousvisualimages,includinglinesofdifferentwidthsandangles,anddifferenttypesofrings.Thepigeonshadtopeck(啄)abuttonontherightorlefttoindicatethecategorytowhichtheimagebelonged.Iftheygotitcorrect,theyreceivedfood;iftheywerewrong,theyreceivednothing.Resultsshowedthat,throughtrialanderror,thepigeonsimprovedtheiraccuracyincategorizationtasks,increasingtheircorrectchoicesfromabout55%to95%.Researchersbelievedpigeonsusedassociativelearning,whichislinkingtwophenomenawitheachother.Forexample,itiseasytounderstandthelink.between“water”and“wet”.“Associativelearningisfrequentlyassumedtobefartooprimitiveto.explaincomplexvisualcategorizationlikewhatwesawthepigeonsdo,”Turnersaid.Butthat’sexactlywhattheresearchersfound.Theresearchers’AImodeltackledthesametasksusingjustthetwosimplemechanismsthatpigeonswereassumedtouse:associativelearninganderrorcorrection.And,likethepigeons,theAImodellearnedtomaketherightpredictionstosignificantlyincreasethenumberofcorrectanswers.Forhumans,thechallengewhengiventaskslikethosegiventopigeonsisthattheywouldtrytocomeupwithrulesthatcouldmakethetaskeasier.Butinthiscase,therewerenorules,whichupsetshumans.What’sinteresting,though,isthatpigeonsusethismethodoflearningthatisverysimilartoAIdesignedbyhumans,Turnersaid.“Wecelebratehowsmartwearethatwedesignedartificialintelligence:atthesametime,weregardpigeonsasnotcleveranimals,”hesaid.12．Whatisthepurposeofthenewstudy?A．Totestatheory.B．Toevaluateamodel.C．Toemployastrategy.D．Toinvolveanapproach.13．Whatwerethepigeonsexpectedtodointheexperiment?A．Drawcircles.B．Correcterrors.C．Copygestures.D．Identifyimages.14．WhatdopigeonsandAIhaveincommonaccordingtothestudy?A．Theyareofequalintelligence.B．Theyaregoodatmakingrules.C．Theyrespondrapidlytoordersfromhumans.D．Theyemploysimplewaystogetthingsdone.15．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Pigeons’trial-and-errormethodisrevealedB．PigeonsoutperformhumansintoughtasksC．“Notsmart”pigeonsmaybeassmartasAID．AImodelsafterpigeons’learningapproachHowmuchtimedoyouspenddoingresearchbeforeyoumakeadecision?Therearepeoplewhogoovereverydetailexhaustivelybeforemakingachoice.16Psychologistscallthiswayofthinkingacognitivebias(認知偏見),atendencytowardaspecificmentalmistake.Tostudy“jumping”,weexamineddecision-makingpatternsamongmorethan600peoplefromthegeneralpopulation.Wefoundthatjumpersmademoreerrorsthannon-jumpersonproblemsthatrequirethoughtfulanalysis.17InaquizaboutUScitizens,theyoverestimatedthechancethattheiranswerswererightsignificantlymorethanotherparticipantsdid—evenwhentheiranswerswerewrong.Sowhatisbehind“jumping”?Psychologicalresearcherscommonlydistinguishbetweentwopathwaysofthought:automaticsystem,whichreflectsideasthatcometothemindeasilyandwithouteffort,andcontrolledsystemincludingconsciousandeffortfulreasoning.Jumpersandnon-jumpersareequallyinfluencedbyautomaticthoughts.18Itisthecontrolledsystemthathelpspeoplecounterbalancementalbiasesintroducedbytheautomaticsystem.Asaresult,jumpersweremorelikelytoaccepttheconclusionmadeatfirstsightwithoutfurtherquestioning.Alackofcontrolledthinkingisalsomorebroadlyconnectedtotheirproblematicbeliefsandfaultyreasoning.19Amethodcalledcognitivetrainingcanbeusedtotargettheirbiases,whichcanhelppeoplethinkmoredeliberatively.Inthistraining,participantsarefacedwiththeirownbiases.Theycanlearnaboutthemisstepsandotherwaysofthinkingthroughtheproblemathand.Ithelpstograduallygetridofparticipants’overconfidence.Ineverydaylife,thequestionofwhetherweshouldthinkthingsthroughorinsteadjumptoaconclusionisafrequentandimportantone.timebeforemakingachoice.20SometimesthemostimportantdecisionwemakecanbetotakesomemoreA．Happily,theremaybesomehopeforjumpers.B．Also,jumpershadproblemswithoverconfidence.C．Weplantotraceotherproblemsintroducedbyjumping.D．Butafairnumberofindividualsarequicktojumptoconclusions.E．Itiscertainlypossibleforthemtooverthinkthingstotakeadecision.F．Thejumpers,however,didnotengageincontrolledreasoningtothesamedegreeasnon-jumpers.G．Recentstudiesshowthatevengatheringjustalittlebitmoreevidencemayhelpusavoidamajormistake.二、完形填空（本大題共1小題）IwasonvacationinCubaandduringanafternoon,Iwenttoadolphincove(小海灣)whereyoucouldhaveacloselookatdolphinsandevenswimwiththem.Atfirst,myexpectationswerequitebeena(n)22ofcaptive(圈養(yǎng)的)animalssoIdon’tgotothezoo.Therewereabout6cagesunderwatersurroundingthedockwheretheswimwiththem.Thesecageshadno24part.Theyroseoutofthegoodamountofdepth.Thesedolphinscouldeasilyjumpoverthecages.21forthis.I’venever2325wereandwhereyoucouldaboutafootandhadafairlyAsthetourstarted,startedoffthetourbysurehowtheystartedthe26,ourCubanguideoverheardeveryonetalkingaboutthecages.Therefore,hetheintelligenceofdolphinsandthedeal28peoplemadewiththem.Not,butbasicallyitfollowsasthis.Thesedolphinsarecompletely30.They31intheseas.Theywillandliveinthedolphinparkandgetfedwithreallygoodfood.Whenhurricaneseasonstarts,theygobackto33andstaythereuntiltheseasonchanges.2729arriveinlandduringacertainpartoftheseasonwhentheyfinditdifficulttofind32theThedolphinsaretherebytheirownfreewillbecauseit34them.Iwishedotherfacilitiescouldestablisha35likethis.21．A．normal22．A．observer23．A．dolphins24．A．strong25．A．roofB．lowC．unrealisticC．fanD．positiveD．ownerD．boatsB．victimB．fishermenB．topC．touristsC．flatD．largeB．houseC．dockD．water26．A．luckily27．A．explaining28．A．localB．a(chǎn)mazinglyB．exploringB．primitiveB．experimentB．wildC．obviouslyC．testingC．braveD．eventuallyD．a(chǎn)dmiringD．tough29．A．research30．A．reliable31．A．funC．a(chǎn)dventureC．stress-freeC．helpD．processD．self-willedD．foodB．land32．A．hideB．huntC．diveD．performD．cage33．A．island34．A．relaxesB．oceanC．parkB．benefitsC．inspiresD．cures35．A．standardB．relationshipC．programD．regulation三、翻譯（本大題共5小題）漢譯英36．儀式n.37．基本上地adv.38．謹慎的adj.39．突破n.40．歧視n.41．澄清；闡明v.42．應得v.43．批評n.44．減少；謝絕v.45．抱怨n.46．寫出加黑部分的詞性和漢語意思①Thegovernmentexpresseditsresolveanddeterminationtouncoverthetruth.②Heisengagedinabitterstrugglewithhisrival(對手)togetcontrolofthecompany.③Fortheconvenienceofhertwindaughters,shefurnishedthebathroomwithtwoshowers,andtwosinks.④Thebarkoftheyoungtreewasremovedandsoonitdied.47．recordv．n．48．speciesn．49．identificationn．50．forecastv．51．presentationn．52．a(chǎn)dditionaladj.53．performv．54．a(chǎn)ssessv．55．charityn．56．starvationn．57．fundn．v．58．uploadv．59．frequentadj.60．enthusiasmn．61．facilityn．62．shelterv．n．63．dutyn．64．reliefn．65．a(chǎn)dmitv．66．tutorv．n．67．potentialadj.n．68．restrictv．69．equaladj.v．n．70．districtn．71．devotionn．72．enthusiasticadj.73．deservedadj.74．a(chǎn)ssumptionn．75．a(chǎn)cademicadj.76．complexadj.77．a(chǎn)ppealingadj.78．crashv．n．79．externaladj.80．internaladj.81．minimizev．82．a(chǎn)ttendv．83．a(chǎn)lternativeadj.n．84．surroundingadj.85．________________關(guān)/開(電燈、機器等)86．________________日常生活87．________________在初期；早先88．________________著火89．________________從這種(某種)意義上來講90．a(chǎn)longwith________________91．respondto________________92．keeptrackof__