高考英語高中英語閱讀理解及其解題技巧及練習(xí)題(含答案)一、高中英語閱讀理解1．閱讀理解

TwoofthesaddestwordsintheEnglishlanguageare"ifonly".Ilivemylifewiththegoalofneverhavingtosaythosewords,becausetheyconveyregret,lostopportunities,mistakes,anddisappointment.

Myfatherisfamousinourfamilyforsaying"Taketheextraminutetodoitright."Ialwaystrytolivebythe"extraminute"rule.Whenmychildrenwereyoungandlikelytocauseaccidents,IalwaysthoughtaboutwhatIcoulddotoavoidan"ifonly"moment,whetheritwassomethingminorlikemovingacupfullofhotcoffeeawayfromtheedgeofacounter,orsomethingthatrequiredalittlemoreworksuchastapingpadding(襯墊)ontothesharpcornersofaglasscoffeetable.

Idon'tonlyavoidthose"ifonly"momentswhenitcomestosafety.It'sequallyimportanttoavoid"ifonly"inourpersonalrelationships.Weallknowpeoplewholostalovedoneandregrettedthattheyhadforegoneanopportunitytosay"Iloveyou"or"Iforgiveyou."WhenmyfatherannouncedhewasgoingtotheeyedoctoracrossfrommyofficeonGoodFriday,ItoldhimthatitwasaholidayformycompanyandIwouldn'tbehere.ButthenIthoughtaboutthefactthathewas84yearsoldandIrealizedthatIshouldn'tgiveupanopportunitytoseehim.IcalledhimandtoldhimIhaddecidedtogotoworkonmydayoffafterall.

IknowtherewillstillbeoccasionswhenIhavetosay"ifonly"aboutsomething,butmylifeisdefinitelybetterbecauseofmypolicyofdoingeverythingpossibletoavoidthateventuality.Andeventhoughittakesanextraminutetodosomethingright,oritoccasionallytakesanhourortwoinmybusyscheduletomakeapersonalconnection,IknowthatI'mdoingtherightthing.I'mbuyingmyselfpeaceofmindandthat'sthebestkindofinsuranceformyemotionalwell-being.（1）Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofthe"extraminute"rule?A.

Startthecarthemomenteveryoneisseated.

B.

Leavetheroomforaminutewiththeironworking.C.

Moveanobjectoutofthewaybeforeittripssomeone.

D.

Waitforanextraminutesothatthesteaktastesbetter.（2）Theunderlinedword"foregone"inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto______..A.

abandoned

B.

avoided

C.

lacked

D.

taken（3）TheauthordecidedtogotoherofficeonGoodFridayto________.A.

joinintheholidaycelebrationofthecompany

B.

keepherappointmentwiththeeyedoctorC.

finishherworkbeforethedeadlineapproached

D.

meetherfatherwhowasalreadyanoldman（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.

TheTwoSaddestWords

B.

TheMostUsefulRuleC.

ThePeaceofMind

D.

TheEmotionalWell-being【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，作者認(rèn)為英語中最悲傷的兩個詞語是"ifonly"．因為他們表達了遺憾，父親在我小的時候經(jīng)常讓我提前做一些能防止意外發(fā)生的事，因此我懂得珍惜現(xiàn)在所擁有的一切，而且我知道我正在做對的事。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一、二段的內(nèi)容可知，作者所說的"extraminute"rule是指在遇事時多思考一分鐘，從而可以避免以后遺憾、犯錯或失望。C項“在絆倒別人之前把障礙物挪走”,屬于“extraminute”規(guī)則。故選C。（2）考查詞義猜測。劃線詞所在句and前后連接語意相似成分，由其前"失去一個心愛的人或物"可推知此處是指“后悔放棄一個機會”，foregone意為“放棄”與abandoned同義，故選A。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“ButthenIthoughtaboutthefactthathe's84yearsoldandIrealizedthatIshouldn'tgiveupanopportunitytoseehim.”可知父親說在周五去看眼科醫(yī)生時經(jīng)過作者的辦公室，雖然那天是假日，但作者想到父親84了，自己不應(yīng)該放棄每一次見父親的機會，于是又改口說那天上班。故選D。（4）考查主旨大意。通讀文章可知，本文主要敘述了作者通過"extraminute"rule來避免以后說"ifonly"的情況。"ifonly"作為線索貫穿了整篇文章，且第一段也提到了thesaddestwords，TheTwoSaddestWords適合作為標(biāo)題，其他選項比較籠統(tǒng)，不能涵蓋本文內(nèi)容。故選A?！军c評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測，推理判斷和主旨大意四個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解

Sportsarethebaseofmylife,nexttomymotherwhoraisedmewhenmydadleftus.IhavebeenintosportssinceIwassixyearsold.Ihaveknownmanycoachesandheardhundredsoftheirtips,buttheyusuallyfocusedondrillstodevelopmyskillsandreachthenextlevelofplay.

WhenIwasinSeniorTwo,Imetthenewschoolbasketballcoach,BrianPawloski.IthoughtIwascertaintobeselectedfortheschoolteamsinceIhadbeeninittheyearbefore.Ishoweduptothetryoutsandputoutabout90%effortsinceIthoughtI'dmakeitwithnoproblem.Thatwasabigmistake.

BrianPawloskiisthehardest-workingcoachIhaveevermet.Hedidn'texpect100%effort,heexpected200%effort.Oneexample:heoncemadeusdo40suicidedrillsforthe40lay-ups(投籃)wemissedinagame.Somethinkthisiscrazy,butitisn't.Afterthisconditioningpractice,asweweregettingacupofcoldwatertodrink,Isaid,"coach,thatwasthebestpracticeIeverhad."Iwascompletelysincere.Thismanwasandisthepersonwhoinfluencedmemostatmyhighschool.Heexpectsustobeexcellentnotjustonthecourtbutintheclassroom.IfIamnotworkingonbasketball,Iamreadingabookthathethinkswillhelpusbetterunderstandlife'schallenges,includingWooden,Coach,andTheScrewtapeLetters.

InthefirsttwoyearsIslackedoff,notputtingforthmyfullpotential.Now,unlikethecoachesofmyyouth,thismanwasinterestedinhowhedidoffthecourt.HealwaysmadesureIkeptupwithmystudiesandwasabletobetrusted.Icanhonestlysaythatonothercoachhasgivenmesomuchadviceonhowtosucceedinbasketball,butmoreimportantly,inlife.Myschoolisluckytohavesuchagreatpersontoteach,coachandinfluencetheirstudents.Iwillalwaysremembermyhigh-schoolbasketballdaysasoneofthehardesttimesIhaveeverworkedinmylifenotonlyinbasketballbutinmygrowthasanindividual.（1）Differentfromothercoaches,CoachBrian________.A.

concentratedonskilltraining

B.

trainedtheteamtotheedgeofdeathC.

expectedtheteamtodowellintheirstudies

D.

askedtheteamtodomorereadingthantraining（2）Theunderlinedphrase"slackedoff"inthelastparagraphprobablymeans________.A.

paidnoattention

B.

showednointerest

C.

hadlesspassion

D.

madelesseffort（3）Intheauthor'seye,CoachBrianis________.A.

strictandhelpful

B.

hardworkingandhonestC.

skilledandcruel

D.

professionalandserious【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，作者喜歡籃球，新學(xué)校的籃球教練布萊恩對自己的學(xué)生嚴(yán)格要求，全文敘述了對布萊恩教練的描述以及他和作者之間發(fā)生的事情。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Heexpectsustobeexcellentnotjustonthecourtbutintheclassroom”，他希望我們不僅在運動場上而且在教室里要優(yōu)秀?？芍xC。（2）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)最后一段中的“notputtingforthmyfullpotential”沒有盡我的全部力量，可知D選項的意思與此句相符，故選D。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)全文對布萊恩教練的描述以及他和作者之間發(fā)生的事情，可知他對自己的學(xué)生很嚴(yán)格要求，但與此同時，根據(jù)第四段中的“Icanhonestlysaythatnoothercoachhasgivenmesomuchadviceonhowtosucceedinbasketball,butmoreimportantly,inlife，”可充分體現(xiàn)布萊恩教練helpful這一品質(zhì)，故選A?！军c評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。3．閱讀理解

Flyingforalongtime,youfinallyarriveattheplacewhereyoucanrelax—yourhotelroom.Nowyouthrowyourbagonthebed,turnontheTVandwatchaninternationalnewsprogrammeonasatellitechannelprobablyfromUKortheUSA.

ThemaininternationalbroadcastersareBBCWorldandCNN.Withanaudienceofover1.5billionpeople,thesearepopularchannelsthatoffergood-qualitynewsprogrammes.Inbothcompanies,thejournalistsareexperiencedwritersthatproducejournalismofahighstandard.

However,therearealternativenewschannelswhichpeoplewatchbecausetheywantalesstraditionalornon-Westernviewonworldevents.RussiaTodayandAlJazeeraInternational,anArabiccompany,areinternationalchannelsthatbroadcastinEnglish.Bothcompaniessaytheygiveafreshviewonbigstories,andtheirexperiencedjournalistsoftenreportfromplaceswhereWesternjournalistsdonotwork,andsotheygiveusstoriesthatwedon'tnormallysee.

TheInternetoffersmorevariety.OneWorldTVisanInternetsitewhereyoucanfindstoriesaboutthedevelopingworldandhumanrights,ratherthantheusualstoriesaboutUSpoliticsandbusiness.Thewritersforthiscompanyareoftenlocalpeoplewhowritethestoriesforfree.Thisnon-professionaljournalismisincreasing,anditcertainlyoffersmorechoices.

Thisincreaseincitizenjournalismmeansthatyoucanwritethenews,too.Mainnewsbroadcastersoftenusephotographsandstoriesthatmembersofthegeneralpublicsendtothem,especiallywhenthereisadramaticbreakingnewsstory.Besidesthis,someblogsarepopularsourcesofnews,andthewebsiteNowPublicletsyouwritestoriesusinginformationyoucangetfromanywhere,includingsiteslikeYoutube,FlickrandTwitter.（1）Thefirstparagraphismeantto

.A.

offerasuggestion

B.

giveawarning

C.

explainareason

D.

introducethetopic（2）Itcanbelearnedfromthetextthatmoreandmorepeoplewill

.A.

prefertoreadlocalnews

B.

paymoreattentiontoworldnewsC.

startacareerincitizenjournalism

D.

giveupwatchingTVnewsprogrammes（3）Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.

TheLatestLocalNews

B.

MoreChoicesforNewsC.

TheEndofTVNews

D.

TraditionalWorldNews【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了市民可以觀看的新聞媒體。有些新聞來自國家（正式新聞）;有些新聞來自民間，這種民間的非正式媒體新聞?wù)噬仙厔?；市民還可以在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布一些新聞。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“watchaninternationalnewsprogramonasatellitechannelprobablyfromUKortheUSA.”和第二段中的“ThemaininternationalbroadcastersareBBCWorldandCNN”可以推斷出第一段是引子，是為了引出下文的話題（介紹BBCWorld和CNN）。故選D。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“Thisisnon-professionaljournalismisincreasinganditcertainlyoffersmorechoices”和第三段中的“Thisincreaseincitizenjournalismmeansthatyoucanwritethenews,too”可知越來越多的人寫新聞，故而可推斷出更多的人開始了新聞工作。故選C。（3）考查主旨大意。本文主要講述的是觀看新聞可以有很多選擇。故選B?！军c評】本題考點涉及推理判斷和主旨大意兩個題型的考查，是一篇生活類閱讀，考生需要根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，概括歸納，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解

Thesummerbeforemydaddied,wemovedhouse.Upuntilthatpoint,ourfamilyhadourownspacetospreadout.Moneywastight,sotherewasnotelevisionset,butweownedaturntableonwhichmydad'srecordsplayedconstantly.Mostly,itplayedBobDylan.TracksfromTheBasementTapesandDesirebecameanimportantpartofournewlife.MybrotherandI,aged8and10,climbedtrees,builthideawaysandlearnedthewordsofClothesLineSaga.Wewouldchantoverthe,lostinourownjoy.

ItwasJanuarywhenmydadleftusforeverbecauseofthecancer.Hewas36goingon37then,thesameageasDylan.Afterwards,ourlaughterdisappeared,butwekeptonplayingtherecords,whichbecameouronlyritualofremembrance.Thetwomenbecamesointertwinedinmyhead,Istruggledtotellthemapart.

Dylanwasmydad'sgifttome.Whatchildwouldn'tbefascinatedbysongsfullofpiratesandseasicksailors?HowdiditfeeltohaveNodirectionhome?Farewell,Angelinabecamemyparty-piece.Iwouldsingthisatchurchcheeseandwinestotheassembledaudience.Alotofdonationsweremade.

Growingup,Iremainedafanofthemusic,butIwasn'tobsessedwithDylanuntilonedayinearly1995,mybrotherboughtusbothticketstoseehimplayatBrixtonAcademy.Londonfeltlikealongwaytogo.ButfinallyseeingDylanstepoutontothestagebroughtasuddenrushofexcitement.

IhaveseenDylanacoupleoftimessince.Mybrotherisnotaroundsomuchthesedays.Buthewasupforavisitrecently.Wepassedahappyeveninglaughinganddrinking,whilehisson,agednine,performedhisparty—pieceSubterraneanHomesickBluesforus.Hesangitword-perfect.Andsoitgoeson:Dylan'smusicasagift,passeddownthegenerations.（1）What'stheauthor'spurposedofwritingthepassage?A.

Topraisehislatefather.

B.

Totellabouthisfamilyhistory.C.

Toexpresshislongingforfamilyreunion.

D.

ToshowhisloveforBobDylan.（2）Theunderlinedword“ritual”inthesecondparagraphmeans“________”.A.

passion

B.

ceremony

C.

memory

D.

belief（3）Howdidtheauthorraisemoneyinhischildhood?A.

BysingingaDylan'ssongatchurchgatherings.

B.

Byprovidingcheeseandwinestochurchprayers.C.

Byplayingaprivateinchurchperformances.

D.

Byacceptingdonationsfromthechurch.（4）Therecentvisitoftheauthor'sbrotherindicatesthat________.A.

hisnephewwaseverinvitedtoplayinDylan'sconcert

B.

hisbrotherhasneverseenaliveperformanceofDylanC.

Dylan'smusichasinfluencedthreegenerationsofhisfamily

D.

SubterraneanHomesickBluesisalwayshisfavouritesong【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，作者表達自己對BobDylan的愛．BobDylan的音樂影響了很多代人，作者曾經(jīng)在教堂聚會上唱迪倫的歌來籌集錢。(1)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“TracksfromTheBasementTapesandDesirebecameanimportantpartofournewlife.”；第二段中的“wekeptonplayingtherecords,whichbecameouronlyritualofremembrance.”以及第三段中的“Dylanwasmydad'sgifttome.”和最后一段中的“Dylan'smusicasagift,passeddownthegenerations”等信息講述了作者從小到大一直以來對BobDylan的喜歡和熱愛，故選D。(2)考查詞義猜測。此處指父親去世后我們的笑聲消失了，但我們繼續(xù)播放BobDylan的唱片，這成了我們唯一的記憶儀式。“ritual”指儀式，與ceremony同義，故選B。(3)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Iwouldsingthisatchurchcheeseandwinestotheassembledaudience.Alotofdonationsweremade.”可知作者在童年的時候通過在教堂聚會上唱迪倫的歌來籌錢，故選A。(4)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Buthewasupforavisitrecently.Wepassedahappyeveninglaughingandrinking,whilehisson,agednine,performedhisparty—pieceSubterraneanHomesickBluesforus.和Dylan'smusicasagift,passeddownthegenerations.”可知哥哥帶著兒子拜訪BobDylan及兒子演唱他的歌表明BobDylan對作者一家三代人的影響。故選C?！军c評】本題考點涉及詞義猜測和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解

Scientistshavebeenstudyinghowpeopleusemoneyforlong.Nowthey'refindingsometheoriesmayapplytoonegroupofmonkeys.

Researchersrecentlytaughtsixmonkeyshowtousemoney.Theygavethemonkeyssmallmetaldisks(圓片)thatcouldbeusedlikecashandshowedthemsomeyummyapplepieces.Themonkeyssoonfiguredoutthatiftheygaveoneofthediskstoascientist,they'dreceiveapieceofappleinreturn.

Ifyouthinkthatisallthemonkeyscanfigureout,youarewrong.Tworesearchers,JakeandAllison,actedasapplesellersintheexperiments.Themonkeysweretestedoneatatimeandhad12diskstospendineachexperiment.Jakealwaysshowedthemonkeysoneapplepiece,whileAllisonalwaysshowedtwopieces.Butthat'snotnecessarilywhattheygavethemonkeys.Thenumberofapplepiecesgivenforadiskwasdeterminedatrandom.

ExperimentOne:Allisonshowedtwopiecesofapplesbutgavebothpiecesonlyhalfthetime.Theotherhalf,shetookonepieceawayandgavethemonkeyjusttheremainingpiece.Jake,ontheotherhand,alwaysgaveexactlywhatheshowed:onepieceforeachdisk.ThemonkeyschosetotrademorewithAllison.

ExperimentTwo:Allisoncontinuedtosometimesgavetwopiecesandsometimesonepiece.Butnow,halfthetime,Jakegavetheoneapplepiecehewasshowing,andhalfthetimeheaddedabonus.Guesswhat?ThemonkeyschosetotrademorewithJake.

Inthefirstexperiment,themonkeyscorrectlyfiguredoutthatiftheytradedwithAllison,they'dendupwithmoretreats.Inthesecondone,whenamonkeyreceivedtwopiecesfromJake,itseemedlikeagain.WhenAllisongavethemonkeyonlyonepieceinsteadofthetwosheshowed,itseemedlikealoss.ThemonkeyspreferredtradingwithJakebecausethey'drathertakeachanceofseemingtowinthanseemingtolose.

Wealsosometimesmakesillybusinessdecisionsjusttoavoidthefeelingthatwe'regettingless,evenwhenwerenot.Wouldyouhavemadethesamechoices?（1）Whatconclusionmightexpertsdrawfromthefirstexperiment?A.

Themonkeysshowcertainbusinesssense.

B.

Businesstheoriescanapplytoallmonkeys.C.

Peoplearesmarterintermsoffinance.

D.

It'seasytoteachmonkeyshowtotrade.（2）Whatdoesabonusinparagraph5referto?A.

Ametaldisk.

B.

Anapplepiece.

C.

Achance.

D.

Acoin.（3）WhydidthemonkeyschoosetotrademorewithJakeinthesecondexperiment?A.

BecauseJakealwaysgavethemtwoapplepieces.

B.

BecausetheapplepiecesfromJakewereyummy.C.

Becausetheydidn'tlikethefeelingoflosing.

D.

BecausetheygetmoreapplepiecesfromJake.（4）Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.

People'sBusinessDecision:LoseorGain?

B.

Moneky'sBusinessSense:SmartorSilly?C.

ShoppingforBargain:Sameordifferent?

D.

DiskforApple:WhotoTradewith?【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，科學(xué)家們通過實驗來說明，“猴子的商業(yè)意識：聰明還是愚蠢？”(1)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“ThemonkeyschosetotrademorewithAllison.”可知，專家們從第一個實驗中得出的結(jié)論是“猴子表現(xiàn)出一定的商業(yè)意識?！惫蔬xA。(2)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“halfthetime,Jakegavetheoneapplepiecehewasshowing,andhalfthetimeheaddedabonus.可知，abonus指代的是“一塊蘋果”，故選B。(3)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“ThemonkeyspreferredtradingwithJakebecausethey'drathertakeachanceofseemingtowinthanseemingtolose.”可知，猴子在第二個實驗中會選擇與杰克進行更多的交易是因為他們不喜歡失去的感覺。故選C。(4)考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第二段中的“Researchersrecentlytaughtsixmonkeyshowtousemoney....Themonkeyssoonfiguredoutthatiftheygaveoneofthediskstoascientist,theydreceiveapieceofappleinreturn.”和最后一段中的“Wealsosometimesmakesillybusinessdecisionsjusttoavoidthefeelingthatwe'regettingless,evenwhenwerenot.Wouldyouhavemadethesamechoices?”可知，本文說的是，猴子的商業(yè)意識：聰明還是愚蠢？故選B。【點評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解

Regardlessofhowfarwe'dliketobelievegender(性別)equalityintheworkplacehascome,there'sstillayawninggapbetweenmaleandfemaleleadersintheprofessionalworld.A2018statisticshowsthatwomennowadaysholdjust5.8percentofCEOspositionsatS&P500companies,accordingtoCatalyst.

Whileit'snotahugeshockthatwomenaresomewhatunderrepresentedinleadershippositions,whatissurprisingthough,isthefactthatfemalesmayactuallybebettersuitedtoleadinalmosteveryarea,atleastaccordingtonewfindingsfromtheBINorwegianBusinessSchool.

Intheirresearch，ProfessoryvindL.MartinsenandProfessorLarsGlassurveyed(調(diào)查)2,900managerswithaspecialfocusonpersonalitytypes.Theresultswereclear:Womenscoredhigherthanmeninfourofthefivemajorleadership-centriccategories.

Whilesomepeoplebelievethatmeninherentlymakebetterleaders—probablybecausetheypicturealeaderwithacommandingvoice,whichismoretypicalofmenthanwomen—thispieceofresearchsuggeststhatwomenarebetteratmethodicalmanagementandgoal-setting,openness,sociabilityandsupportiveness,aswellasabilitytocommunicateclearly.

Therewasoneareainwhichmenscoredhigherthanwomen,though,andthatwasonemotionalstabilityandabilitytofacejob-relatedpressureandstress.Theresultssuggestthatwomenaremoresensitivetotheeffectsofhigh-pressureorhighlyemotionalsituations.

Obviously，it'simportanttoconsiderindividual(個人的)differences.Anyone,regardlessofgender,maybeaninspiringleaderandacompetentboss.Butnexttimeyou'rehiringforamanagementposition,youjustmightwanttogivetheresumes(簡歷)fromfemalecandidatesaharderlook.（1）Whatmakesusshockedmuchatleadershippositions?A.

Womenareworsethanmen.

B.

Mentakealmostallhighpositions.C.

Thereisahugegapbetweengenders.

D.

Womenmightbehavebetterineveryfield.（2）Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword''inherently”inparagraph4?A.

properly

B.

potentially

C.

naturally

D.

normally（3）Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleofthistext?A.

HowWeCanFigureOutTheBoss.

B.

WhyWomenAreBetterThanMen.C.

WhyWomenMakeTheBestBosses.

D.

HowWeCanTellGenderDifference.（4）Whomighthavespecialinterestinthisarticle?A.

Jobhunters.

B.

Employers.

C.

Employees.

D.

Malebosses.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，在工作領(lǐng)域男性領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人和女性領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人地位存在不平等現(xiàn)象，作者指出在領(lǐng)導(dǎo)位置上，女性可能在各個領(lǐng)域表現(xiàn)更好，倡議雇主在招聘領(lǐng)導(dǎo)崗位員工時應(yīng)多考慮女性。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“whatissurprisingthough,isthefactthatfemalesmayactuallybebettersuitedtoleadinalmosteveryarea,atleastaccordingtonewfindingsfromtheBINorwegianBusinessSchool.”可知讓人驚訝的是，在領(lǐng)導(dǎo)位置上，女性可能在各個領(lǐng)域表現(xiàn)更好。故選D。(2)考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第四段中的“Whilesomepeoplebelievethatmeninherentlymakebetterleaders—probablybecausetheypicturealeaderwithacommandingvoice,whichismoretypicalofmenthanwomen”可知人們認(rèn)為男性自然能成為更好的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，劃線詞是自然地。故選C。(3)考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第四段中的“thispieceofresearchsuggeststhatwomenarebetteratmethodicalmanagementandgoal-setting,openness,sociabilityandsupportiveness,aswellasabilitytocommunicateclearly.”可知本文強調(diào)了女性在管理層的地位，因此“為什么女性是最好的老板”符合題意。故選C。(4)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Butnexttimeyou'rehiringforamanagementposition,youjustmightwanttogivetheresumes(簡歷)fromfemalecandidatesaharderlook.”下次你雇傭管理崗位員工時，得知雇主們會對這篇文章感興趣。故選B。【點評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測，推理判斷和主旨大意四個題型的考查，是一篇社會現(xiàn)象類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解

WhatTheresaLoeisdoingprovesthatalargefarmisn'taprerequisiteforamoderngrow-your-ownlifestyle.Onamere1/10ofanacreinLosAngeles,Loeandherfamilygrow,can(裝罐)andpreservemuchofthefoodtheyconsume.

Loeisamasterfoodpreserver,gardenerandcanningexpert.Shealsooperatesawebsite,wheresheshareshertipsandrecipes,withthegoalofdemonstratingthateveryonehastheabilitytocontrolwhat'sontheirplate.

Loeinitiallywenttoschooltobecomeanengineer,butshequicklylearnedthatherenthusiasmwasmainlyaboutgrowingandpreparingherownfood.“gotintocookingmyownfoodandstartedgrowingmyownherbs(香草)andfoodsforthatfreshflavor,”shesaid.Engineerbyday,Loelearnedcookingatnightschool.Sheultimatelypurchasedasmallpieceoflandwithherhusbandandbegangrowingtheirownfoods.

“Iteachpeoplehowtolivefarm-freshwithoutafarm,”Loesaid.ThroughherwebsiteLoeemphasizesthat''anybodycandothisanywhere.”Gotanapartmentwithabalcony(陽臺)?Plantsomeherbs.Awindow?Perfectspotforgrowing.Startwithherbs,sherecommends,because“they'reveryforgiving.”Justalittleoftheherbs“cantakeyourregularcookingtoawholenewlevel,”sheadded.“Ithinkit'sagreatplacetostart.”Then?Trygrowingsomethingfromaseed,shesaid,likeatomatoorsometea.

Canningisanaturalextensionoftheplantingshedoes.Witheveryplantedfood,Loenoted,there'samomentwhenit'sburstingwithitsabsolutepeakflavor.“Itryandkeepitinatimecapsuleinacanningjar,”Loesaid.“Canningformeisaboutknowingwhat'sinyourfood,knowingwhereitcomesfrom.”

Inadditiontobeingmoreintouchwiththefoodshe'seating,anotherjoycomesfrompassingthisknowledgeandthisdesireforgoodfoodtoherchildren:“Influencingthemandtellingthemyouropiniononnotonlybeingcarefulwhatweeatbutunderstandingthebiggerpicture,”shesaid,“thatifwedon'ttakecareoftheearth,noonewill.”（1）Theunderlinedword“prerequisite”(Para.1)isclosestinmeaningto“

”.A.

recipe

B.

substitute

C.

requirement

D.

challenge（2）WhydoesLoesuggeststartingwithherbs?A.

Theyareuseddaily.

B.

Theyareeasytogrow.C.

Theycangrowverytall.

D.

Theycanbeeatenuncooked.（3）AccordingtoLoe,whatisthebenefitofcanningherplantedfoods?A.

Itcanpreservetheirbestflavor.

B.

Itcanpromoteheronlinesales.C.

Itcanbetterhercookingskills.

D.

Itcanimprovetheirnutrition.（4）Whatisthe“thebiggerpicture”(Para.6)thatLoewishesherchildrentounderstand?A.

Theknowledgeaboutgoodfood.

B.

Thewaytoliveagrow-our-ownlife.C.

Thejoyofgettingintouchwithfoods.

D.

Theresponsibilitytoprotectourearth【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了一個名叫Loe的女性的故事。Loe是“自己種植”現(xiàn)代生活方式的實踐者，她熱衷于自己種植香草和味道新鮮的食物，并將食物裝入密封罐中保持以保持最佳的風(fēng)味，更想通過自己的舉動影響孩子們，讓他們意識到保護地球的責(zé)任。(1)考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第一段中的“Onamere1/10ofanacre…andpreservemuchofthefoodtheyconsume”可知面積并不是硬要求。Loe在那里所做的一切證明，一個大農(nóng)場對“自己種植”現(xiàn)代生活方式來說并不是一個硬要求。故選C。(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“Startwithherbs…Justalittleoftheherbs…”可知香草很容易生長。故選B。(3)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第五段中的“thereisamomentwhenit'sburstingwithitsabsolutepeakflavor.'Itrytokeepitinatimecapsuleinacanningjar,'”可知將種植的事物裝入密封罐中保存的好處是能夠保持最佳的風(fēng)味。故選A。(4)考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)最后一段中的“thatifwedon'ttakecareoftheearth,noonewill”可知thebiggerpicture指的是保護地球的責(zé)任。故選D?！军c評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和詞義猜測兩個題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行推理歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解

Canexerciseduringchildhoodprotectyouagainstmemorylossmanydecadeslater?Exerciseearlyinlifeseemstohavelifelongbenefitsforthebrain,inratsatleast.

"Thisisananimalstudy,butitshowsthatphysicalactivityatayoungageisveryimportant一notjustforphysicaldevelopment,butforthewholelifelongtrackofcognitive（認(rèn)知的）developmentduringageing,"saysMartinWojtowiczoftheUniversityofToronto,Canada."Inhumans,itmaydelaytheappearanceofAlzheimer'ssymptoms（阿茲海默氏癥）,possiblytothepointofpreventingthem."

Wojtowicz'steamdivided80youngmaleratsintotwoequalgroups,andplacedrunningwheelsinthecagesofonegroupforaperiodofsixweeks.Aroundfourmonthslater—whentheratshadreachedmiddleage—theteamtaughtalltheratstoconnectanelectricshockwithbeinginaspecificbox.Whenplacedinthebox,theyfrozewithfear.

Twoweekslater,theteamtestedtheratsinthreesituations:exactlythesameboxinthesameroom,thesameboxwiththeroomarrangeddifferently,andacompletelydifferentboxinadifferentroom.

Theratswithoutaccesstoarunningwheelwhentheywereyoungnowfrozethesamepercentageoftimesineachofthesesituations,suggestingtheycouldn'trememberwhichonewasdangerous.Butthosethathadbeenabletorunintheiryouthfroze40to50percentlessinbothchangedboxsettings.

“Theresultssuggest