專題02動詞和連詞目錄考點聚焦：核心考點+小考考點，有的放矢重點速記：知識點和關(guān)鍵點梳理，查漏補(bǔ)缺難點強(qiáng)化：難點內(nèi)容標(biāo)注與講解，能力提升學(xué)以致用：真題感知+提升專練，全面突破動詞動詞就是表示動作或狀態(tài)的詞。按照動詞的意思及其在句子中的作用來劃分，可以分為系動詞(小學(xué)階段主要是指be動詞)、行為動詞(實義動詞)、助動詞和情態(tài)動詞等?？键c一考點一系動詞系動詞，也稱連系動詞，通常用于連接主語與表語，說明主語的狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)、特征等。小學(xué)階段學(xué)習(xí)的系動詞主要指的是be動詞。(1)be動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時的形式是am,is,are;過去形式單數(shù)用was,復(fù)數(shù)用were。這幾個單詞一般都表示“是”，在句子中充當(dāng)謂語。(2)在一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)中,be動詞am,is,are的運(yùn)用根據(jù)主語的人稱和數(shù)的不同有所區(qū)別。巧記口訣巧記口訣我(I)用am,你(you)用are;is連著他(he)、她(she)、它(it);單數(shù)、不可數(shù)用is；遇見復(fù)數(shù)就用are。如:WhoamI?Guess.我是誰?猜一猜。Areyoucleaningyourroom,Mike?邁克，你正在打掃你的房間嗎?Thewaterisgreen.水是綠色的。Hewasastudentlastyear.去年他是一名學(xué)生。Werethereanytreesaroundyourhousefiveyearsago?五年前你家周圍有樹嗎?(2023淮安淮安區(qū))單項選擇。()________theboys________inthemusicroomnow?A.Is;singing B.Are;singing C.Does;sing思路點撥：由now可知此句需用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時，這是一般疑問句,句式為“be動詞+主語+doing+其他?”,theboys是復(fù)數(shù)形式,be動詞要用are。答案B考點二考點二行為動詞行為動詞一般指實義動詞，即表示具有一定意義的動作的詞。如:skate,swim,listen,clean。行為動詞有及物動詞與不及物動詞之分。常見的容易混淆的行為動詞辨析：①look,see,watch和reada.look意為“看”，是不及物動詞，后面接名詞時，要加上介詞at。如：lookatthebird看那只鳥b.see意為“看見，看到”，表示看的結(jié)果，不能用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時。如：seeaman看見一個男人c.watch意為“觀看,注視”,表示專注地看某項節(jié)目或活動。如：watchTV看電視watchafootballmatch看一場足球比賽d.read意為“讀,閱讀”,表示看書刊類。如:readabook看書readnewspapers看報紙②say,speak,talk和tella.say意為“說”。如:saytosb對某人說(后跟引語)sayitagain再說一遍b.speak意為“講,發(fā)言”。如:speakatthemeeting在會上發(fā)言learntospeak學(xué)會說speakEnglish講英語c.talk意為“談話”(不及物動詞)。如:talkaboutsth談?wù)撃呈聇alkwithsb與某人交談d.tell意為“告訴,講”(及物動詞)。如:tellsbtodosth/tellsbnottodosth告訴某人做/不做某事tellsbaboutsth告訴某人某事tellastory講一個故事③puton,wear和dressa.puton意為“穿上”(強(qiáng)調(diào)動作)。如:It'scoldoutside.Pleaseputonyourjacket.外面很冷。請穿上你的夾克衫。b.wear意為“穿著”(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài))。如:MissLiiswearingabluedresstoday.李老師今天穿了一條藍(lán)色的連衣裙。c.dress意為“打扮,給······穿衣服”;dressup意為“打扮，穿上盛裝”。如：TheydressupincostumesonHalloween.他們在萬圣節(jié)穿上戲裝。(2023南通崇川區(qū))單項選擇。()—Howcanwe________there?—Byship.A.getto B.get C.goto思路點撥：there是副詞，前面不加介詞。答案B考點三考點三助動詞助動詞本身無詞義或意義不完整，不能單獨作謂語。它必須和主要動詞連用，幫助構(gòu)成各種時態(tài)、語態(tài)、否定句和疑問句等結(jié)構(gòu)。常見助動詞有三個,分別為:do,does和did。do,does用于一般現(xiàn)在時;did用于一般過去時。它們通常用在疑問句和否定句中。其否定形式是:donot(don’t),doesnot(doesn't),didnot(didn't)。如:Doyouhaveanygrapes?你有一些葡萄嗎?Whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends?你通常在周末做什么?Mysisterdoesn'tdoshoppingontheInternet.我的姐姐不在網(wǎng)上購物。(淮安清江浦區(qū))按要求完成句子。Hedoeswellathome.(改為否定句)He________________wellathome.思路點撥：原句是以實義動詞do為謂語的一般現(xiàn)在時，變?yōu)榉穸ň湟柚鷦釉~don't/doesn't,且主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，故要用doesn't，實義動詞does變成原形do。答案doesn'tdo考點四考點四情態(tài)動詞(1)情態(tài)動詞是一種本身有一定的詞義，表示說話人的情緒、態(tài)度或語氣的動詞。(2)在小學(xué)階段，我們接觸的情態(tài)動詞主要有:can(could),may(might),must,need,shall(should),will(would)。還有一些如:oughtto,dare(dared)等。(3)情態(tài)動詞的常見考點：①情態(tài)動詞后面接動詞原形，不受人稱和數(shù)的變化影響。如：Hecouldn'tplaybasketballtwoyearsago.他兩年前不會打籃球。②在否定句和一般疑問句中的變化。有情態(tài)動詞的句子，改為否定句時，在情態(tài)動詞后加not即可；改為一般疑問句時，則將情態(tài)動詞提前，首字母大寫。如：Thelightisred.Youmustn'tcrosstheroadnow.是紅燈。你現(xiàn)在不能過馬路。Shallwegotothezoobybus?我們乘公共汽車去動物園好嗎?(2023昆山)用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Wemust________(help)theteachercarryit.思路點撥：must是情態(tài)動詞，情態(tài)動詞后跟動詞原形。答案help考點五考點五?？紕釉~短語askfor請求;詢問 agreewith同意cleanthehouse打掃房屋 cleanthefloor掃地collectstamps集郵 comeback回來comefrom來自······ comehere來這里comein進(jìn)來 comeon過來;加油comedown落下來 comealong隨同digahole挖坑;挖洞 dohousework做家務(wù)dosports做運(yùn)動 domorningexercises晨練dosomereading讀書 doone’shomework做作業(yè)drawapicture畫畫 driveacar駕車drinksomewater喝些水 falldown落下getoff下車 geton上車getto到達(dá) getup起床getoutof走出(……之外) growup長大goandhavealook去看一看 goback回去goboating去劃船 gofishing去釣魚goforawalk去散步 gohome回家goonadiet節(jié)食 goout出去goshopping去購物 goskating去滑冰goskiing去滑雪 gostraighton直走goswimming去游泳 gotobed去睡覺gotoschool去上學(xué) gotothecinema去看電影gotowork去上班 haveabath洗澡hurryup快點 hadbetter最好……h(huán)aveaChineselesson上語文課 haveacold感冒haveafever發(fā)燒 haveaheadache頭痛havealook看一看 haveagoodtime=enjoyoneself玩得開心haveatoothache牙痛 havearest休息haveapicnic舉行野餐活動 haveatry試一試haveatrip去旅游 haveastomachache胃痛havelunch吃午飯 havebreakfast吃早餐havesomeCoke喝些可樂 havetime有時間havefun玩得開心 havealook=takealook看havesupper/dinner吃晚飯 holdup舉起keepon(doingsth.)繼續(xù)(反復(fù))做某事 keepadiary記日記listentomusic聽音樂 listentotheCDs聽CDlistentotheradio聽收首機(jī) laughat嘲笑lookfor尋找 letmesee讓我想一想;讓我看一看lookat=havealookat看 lookafter=takecareof照顧lookaround=lookabout環(huán)顧四周 lookout=becareful當(dāng)心;小心lookup向上看;(在詞典中)查閱 makefriends交朋友makeclothes做衣服 makethebed整理床鋪makemoney賺錢 makeanoise吵鬧makeaface做鬼臉 maketrouble惹麻煩makefriendswithsb.與某人做朋友 makeamistake犯錯誤bemadein由(某產(chǎn)地)制造 bemade(up)of由······組成(構(gòu)成)pickup撿起 planttrees種樹playbasketball打籃球 playbadminton打羽毛球playcards打牌 playfootball踢足球playgames玩游戲 playtennis打網(wǎng)球playtheguitar彈吉他 playtabletennis打乒乓球playthepiano彈鋼琴 putaway放好;收起來putdown放下;撲滅;平息 putinto添加;投資;輸入;使進(jìn)入putoff延期 puton穿(衣);戴(帽)putonperformances演出 putup掛起;張貼;舉起;抬起;建造rideabike騎自行車 seeafilm看電影takeamessage傳遞信息 takeexercise進(jìn)行鍛煉takemedicine服藥 takephotos照相talkwith與······談話 thinkof認(rèn)為;想起turndown關(guān)小;調(diào)低 takeaway拿走takeataxi乘出租車 takepartin參加;參與takeback帶回;收回 takedown拿下takealook(at)看一下 takeoff脫下;起飛take…out把……拿出來 turnto轉(zhuǎn)到;翻到turn...into...把······變成······ turnoff關(guān)上(燈、收音機(jī)、煤氣、自來水等)turnon開;旋開(電燈、無線電等) waitamoment稍等一下waitfor等候washclothes洗衣服 washdishes洗碟子watchTV看電視 watchafootballmatch看足球賽watertheflower澆花 waterthetree澆樹writealetter寫信單項選擇。()1.Myaunt________herbabycarefully.A.looksout B.looksat C.looksafter()2.Heoftengoestotheplaygroundand________games.A.plays B.looks C.makes思路點撥：1.本題要結(jié)合句子提供的情景和所給動詞短語的意思來思考。lookout表示“當(dāng)心;小心;朝外看”,lookat表示“看”,lookafter表示“照顧”。由baby和carefully可推斷出用looksafter恰當(dāng)。2.本題要結(jié)合句子提供的情景和所給動詞的意思來思考。由goestotheplayground和games可知到操場上是去做游戲，所以用動詞plays。答案1.C2.A連詞連詞的特點是不能獨立擔(dān)任句子成分，它只能起連接詞與詞、短語與短語、句與句以及引導(dǎo)從句的作用?？键c一考點一并列連詞并列連詞用來連接平行的單詞、詞組和句子，這種關(guān)系是對等關(guān)系。(1)并列關(guān)系①and意為“和”,表示并列。如:I'vegotafeverandaheadache.我發(fā)燒并且頭疼。②or意為“或者”，表示選擇的含義。如：Whosebikeisnewer,yoursormine?誰的自行車更新，你的還是我的?(2)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系but意為“但是”,表示轉(zhuǎn)折。如:Themanisshort,buthe'sverystrong.這位男士個子矮，但他很強(qiáng)壯。單項選擇。()Icansing,________Ican'tdance.A.and B.but C.with思路點撥：and意為“和”;but意為“但是”;with是介詞,意為“和??一起”，后面不能接句子。根據(jù)句意可知，前后兩句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選B。答案B考點二考點二從屬連詞從屬連詞用于引導(dǎo)復(fù)合句中的從句，起連接主句與從句的作用。(1)after意為“……之后”。如:Hestartedthejobsoonafterhelefttheuniversity.他大學(xué)畢業(yè)之后就開始做這份工作。(2)before意為“……之前”。如:Turnoffthelightsbeforeyouleave.在你離開之前請關(guān)燈。(3)because意為“因為”。如:—Whyisthebabycrying?那個嬰兒為什么哭?—Becauseshe’shungrynow.因為她現(xiàn)在餓了。(4)so意為“所以”。如:Itrainedalldayyesterday,sowecouldn'tgocamping.昨天一整天都在下雨，所以我們不能去露營。(2023湖北襄陽)單項選擇。()Ilikespring________it'swarmandflowersareeverywhere.A.so B.after C.because思路點撥：根據(jù)句意可知，“我”喜歡春天，是因為春天很溫暖,到處都是花兒。so意為“所以”,after意為“??之后”,because意為“因為”。故選C。答案C1．______Mike______TVlastnight?(

)A．Did,watch B．Does,watch C．Did,watched2．IlikesummerbestbecauseI______gowaterskiing.(

)A．can B．can’t C．do3．—_________yourideabiketwoyearsago?(

)—No,I_________.A．Can;can’t B．Could;could C．Could;couldn’t4．HelenKeller______seeorhear,butshewroteabookaboutherself.(

)A．couldn’t B．can C．could5．I_____shortbefore,butnowI_____tall.(

)A．a(chǎn)m;was B．was;was C．was;am6．_____youhappyatthepartyyesterday?(

)A．Are B．Were C．Did7．—______thosesignsinteresting?(

)—No,I______thinkso.A．Do;didn’t B．Is;don’t C．Are;don’t D．Does;didn’t8．—______yourbrother______afilmlastweekend?(

)—Yes,hedid.A．Did;saw B．Did;see C．Does;see9．—Why____theysohungry?(

)—Becausethey____havetheirdinner.A．a(chǎn)re;didn’t B．do;didn’t C．were;don’t D．a(chǎn)re;don’t10．I______likewinterbefore.NowIlikewinter.(

)A．don’t B．doesn’t C．didn’t11．Ican______aboatintheWestLake.(

)A．row B．rowed C．rows12．—Willyou_____noodlesforbreakfasttomorrowmorning?(

)—No,Iwon’t.A．have B．has C．having13．Iwant_____buyagiftformymother.(

)A．/ B．tobe C．to14．Sarah________somedeliciousfruitslastnight.(

)A．eats B．eating C．a(chǎn)te15．Whoseisthinner,Lucy_____Amy?(

)A．is B．a(chǎn)nd C．or16．—Howwasyourholiday?(

)—Itwasabadday______alsoagoodday.A．so B．but C．/17．—Whyareyouwearingraincoat?(

)—________it’sgoingtorainsoon.A．Because B．So C．But18．Hemadeavideoofspace,______lotsofpeoplewatchedthevideo.(

)A．but B．or C．a(chǎn)nd19．Heisridingabike,______itstartstorain.(

)A．a(chǎn)nd B．but C．with20．______eat______drinktoomuch.It’sbadforyourhealth.(

)A．Don’t;and B．Don’t;but C．Don’t;or21．Iliketogoswimming,__________hedoesn’t.(

)A．a(chǎn)nd B．or C．but22．Doyoulikethisball_______thatball?()A．or B．to C．for23．Therewillnotbebluesky______freshair.(

)A．with B．or C．so24．—______areyoulateagain?(

)—______Imissed(錯過)thebus.A．Why;So B．When;Because C．Why;Because25．Icouldn’trunfast,_____Ididn’tlikePEclassverymuch.(

)A．but B．so C．or真題感知1．（2022·江蘇南京·小升初真題）—________thewaterclean?(

)—Yes,thewaterwasclean.A．Does B．Is C．Was2．（2022·浙江寧波·小升初真題）There______somejuiceandfruitsinthefridge.(

)A．is B．a(chǎn)m C．a(chǎn)re D．be3．（2022·廣東惠州·小升初真題）I______shorterthanyoulastyear,butnowI______tallerthanyou.(

)A．a(chǎn)m;am B．was;am C．a(chǎn)m;was4．（2023·浙江溫州·小升初真題）—DoesJohn______inCanberra?(

)—No.He______inBeijingnow.A．live;lives B．lives;lives C．live;lived5．（2023·浙江杭州·小升初真題）Theyogurt______goodwiththeicecream.(

)A．taste B．tasting C．tastes D．istasted6．（2023·湖南懷化·小升初真題）Itwill_____tomorrowinHuaihua.(

)A．raining B．rains C．rain7．（2023·江西吉安·小升初真題）Mikelikes_____basketballverymuch.(

)A．play B．plays C．playing8．（2023·海南三亞·小升初真題）Thedoctoroftentellshim________moreexercise.(

)A．totake B．takes C．talking9．（2023·江西吉安·小升初真題）_________you_________TVlastweekend?(

)A．Did;watched B．Does;watch C．Did;watch10．（2022·江蘇南京·小升初真題）Mygrandpa________strong.Nowheisweak.(

)A．is B．does C．was11．（2022·江蘇南京·小升初真題）—Whatareyoudoing?(

)

—Iam________acard.A．makes B．making C．make12．（2022·江蘇南京·小升初真題）Yesterdaywe________apairofrunnersandaT-shirtforLiMing.(

)A．buy B．bought C．isbuying13．（2022·廣東中山·小升初真題）Theteachertoldus______somephotostotheclass.(

)A．bring B．bringing C．tobring D．brought14．（2022·浙江寧波·小升初真題）Fiveyearsago,Timwasshort,buthe_______playbasketballwell.(

)A．couldn’t B．could C．can15．（2022·浙江寧波·小升初真題）SarahandI______afilmnextSunday.We______horseslastSunday.(

)A．a(chǎn)mgoingtosee;rode B．a(chǎn)regoingtosee;rode C．willsee;ride16．（2022·河北廊坊·小升初真題）Mymotherwantsme______mylittlesisterwithherEnglish.(

)A．help B．tohelp C．helps D．helping17．（2022·山東濱州·小升初真題）She________gocyclingbefore.Butnowshecan________abikewell.(

)A．can’t;ride B．couldn’t;riding C．couldn’t;ride18．（2022·江蘇南通·小升初真題）—Mum,canIwatchTV?(

)—No,youcan’t.It’stoolate.You______gotobed.A．can B．hasto C．must19．（2022·江蘇南通·小升初真題）—_____IwatchTV?(

)—No.It’stoolate.You_____gotobednow.A．Can;must B．May;mustn’t C．Can;can’t20．（2022·山東青島·小升初真題）WhenI________born,I________talk.(

)A．a(chǎn)m;can’t B．were;could C．was;can D．was;couldn’t21．（2022·河北廊坊·小升初真題）LiMing______aT-shirttomorrow.(

)A．buys B．bought C．buy D．willbuy22．（2022·吉林白山·小升初真題）Ilike________stories.(

)A．watching B．reading C．read23．（2022·吉林白山·小升初真題）They________onthatSaturdaymorning.(

)A．seeafilm B．watchesTV C．readabook D．gotothepark24．（2022·吉林白山·小升初真題）He________bysubwayyesterday.(

)A．wenttowork B．goingC．goestowork25．（2022·山東濱州·小升初真題）There________nodininghallinmyschooltwentyyearsago.(

)A．is B．was C．were D．a(chǎn)re26．（2022·山東濰坊·小升初真題）—Didyou______mysweater?(

)—No,Ididn’t.A．washed B．wash C．washing D．washes27．（2022·山東濰坊·小升初真題）Willit______inNewYorktomorrow?(

)A．windy B．bewindy C．winding28．（2022·山東濰坊·小升初真題）Look!Theballoons______away!(

)A．flies B．flew C．a(chǎn)reflying29．（2022·廣東惠州·小升初真題）Mydadisadriver.He______ataxieveryday.(

)A．drive B．drives C．driver30．（2022·湖北十堰·小升初真題）Ican_______applesinautumn.(

)A．pick B．picks C．picked D．picking提升專練1．Theysatonthechairand_________achat.(

)A．had B．have C．got D．met2．—______ZhangPengdowordpuzzleseveryday?(

)—Yes.Helikes______wordpuzzlesverymuch.A．Do;doing B．Does;do C．Does;doing3．ItwasMike’sbirthdayyesterday.Hismother______manygiftsforhim.(

)A．buy B．buys C．bought4．I_______lotsofpeopleintheparkyesterdayafternoon.(

)A．saw B．see C．a(chǎn)mseeing5．—Yourmother________veryyoung.(

)—Thankyou.A．looksat B．looks C．lookslike D．look6．I________gotoschoolnow.It’s7:30.Classwillbeginat8:00.(

)A．can B．may C．must D．would7．Mikeusually_______upatsixthirtyinthemorning,buthe_______upatseventhismorning.Hewaslateforschool.(

)A．got;got B．got;gets C．gets;gets D．gets;got8．Look!Here’sthe_______man.We_______walknow.(

)A．green;mustn’t B．red;must C．red;mustn’t D．yellow;must9．MrLiwenttothelibraryand________backsomebooks.(

)A．bring B．brought C．bringing10．Look!Therearealotofcloudsinthesky.Itisgoingto_______soon.(

)A．rains B．rainy C．beraining D．berainy11．__________anenvironmentprotectionworker,Iwillprotectnaturefromnowon.(

)A．Being B．Become C．Tobe D．Be12．—Ourlibraryisbrightandbeautiful.(

)—Yes.Willyou__________us__________it?A．shows;to B．show;aroundC．shows;around D．show;to13．—Whatdidyoudolastnight?—Ididmyhomeworkand________TV.(

)A．watch B．watched C．a(chǎn)mwatching14．—Where__________Lilyandhersisteryesterdayevening?(

)—Inthepark.A．was B．were C．a(chǎn)re D．did15．Thecat______angrywiththemouse.(

)A．does B．a(chǎn)re C．do D．is16．NowDavid_____veryactiveinclass.(

)A．is B．was C．a(chǎn)re17．Oliver_____gocyclingwhenhewassixyearsold.(