2024年高考英語一輪復習夯實基礎(北師大版)

必像BooklUnit2詞也講解

1.prefer”更喜歡

［先做］一單句語法填空

①(2022?全國乙卷滿分作文)Halfofthestudentssurveyedprefertoleam(learn)

EnglishbywatchingEnglishmovies.

②(2022?全國乙卷滿分作文)Moststudents,thatistosay65%,haveapreference(prefer)

forEnglishsongs,withhalfofthestudentskeenonwatchingEnglishmovies.

［后教］

(l)prefertodosth.更喜歡做某事

prefersth.tosth.相比某物更喜歡某物

preferdoingsth.todoingsth.

寧愿做某事而不愿做某事

prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.l寧愿做某

'乙'woulddosth.ratherthandosth.＞事而不愿

wouldratherdosth.thandosth.,做某事

(3)preferencen.偏愛；優(yōu)先權；偏愛的事物

haveapreferencefor偏愛；特另汁喜愛

［佳句背誦］ThereasonwhyIprefertheclassicalmusicisthatitalwaysremindsmeof

thesplendidtraditionalChineseculture.我更喜歡古典音樂的原因是它總是讓我想起燦

爛的中國傳統(tǒng)文化。

［名師點津］prefer不用于進行時；不可與比較級連用。

2.desiren.&彩￡?渴望

［先做］——單句語法填空

①Youngpeoplehaveastrongerdesireforabetterlifeandaremoreskilledinusingthe

Internettolookforbusinessopportunities.

②Wedesirethatimmediatehelp(should)begiven(give)tothelocalvillagerswhohave

beentrappedbytheflood.

［后教］

Jtodosth.迫切想要做某事

⑴haveastrongdesir%rsth.渴望得到某物

(2)desiretodosth.渴望做某事

desiresb.todosth.希望某人做某事

desirethat...(should)dosth.希望....做某事

［佳句背誦］KnowingyouhaveastrongdesiretolearnChinesewell,I'dliketooffer

yousomesuggestions.

=KnowingyoudesiretolearnChinesewell,I'dliketoofferyousomesuggestions.

得知你很想學好漢語，我想給你提供一些建議。

背誦點書面表達之建議信

3.defence〃.防守隊員，后衛(wèi)；保衛(wèi)，防御；辯護

［先做］一單句語法填空/單句改錯

①Itisthenatureofamothertodoallshecantodefendherchildfrom/againstharmand

danger.

②Shesteppedbackappearingsurprisedandputupherhandsasifdefence.在defence

前加in

［后教］

(l)indefence(of)保護；保衛(wèi)；（為……）辯護

inone'sdefence為某人辯護

(2)defendvt.保護；保衛(wèi)；防守；辯解

defend...from/against保護……以免受

defendoneself為自己辯護；自衛(wèi)

［佳句背誦］Thelawyersareallowedtodefendthemselvesincourtaccordingto

Chineselaw.

根據(jù)中國法律，律師被允許在法庭上為自己辯護。

4.relieve”.減輕，緩解

［先做］一單句語法填空

①(2020?天津卷5月)一Youseemtobeinareallygoodmood.

一Ifinishedmylasttesttoday.Whatarelief!NowI'mfree.

②(2020?浙江卷7月)Thankgoodness!Wesucceededinclimbingontothehelicopter,

gaspingwith/inrelief.

③(2020?江蘇卷)Qualitycountslessthanattitudeandeffort—evenastupidjokecan

relieveothersofriskandembarrassment.

［后教］

(l)relievesb.of...緩和/減輕某人的……

(2)reliefn.減輕，緩解；安慰；救濟

toone'srelief令某人感到欣慰的是

with/inrelief欣慰地，寬慰地

Itisarelieftodosth.做某事是放心的/舒心的。

(3)relievedadj.寬慰的；欣慰的

［佳句背誦］Afterhisterrifyingadventure,Macfeltrelievedwhenhereachedhomesafe

tohislovingfamily.在經歷了可怕的冒險之后，麥克安全地回到了親愛的家人身邊，感

到如釋重負。

5.particular〃.尤其，特別

特定的

［先做］一單句語法填空/單句改錯

①Tomisaveryopen-mindedman,andwon'tbeparticularaboutsmallthings.

②IamparticulargoodatspokenEnglishandhaveadeepunderstandingofculturesof

ourcity,whichwillgreatlyhelpmedothejob.particularfparticularly

［后教］

(l)beparticularabout/over...對……講究/挑剔

beparticulartodosth.特地做某事

(2)inparticular=particularly尤其；特別

［佳句背t甬］AsfarasIknow,thiskindoffoodisrichinnutrition,anditcontainsalotof

mineralsinparticular.

據(jù)我所知，這種食物營養(yǎng)豐富，特別是含有大量的礦物質。

［聯(lián)想發(fā)散］表示“尤其；特別”的副詞還有specially、especially等。

6.benefit加好處，益處

Q(使)受益；得益于

［先做］——單句語法填空

①Youcanalsogoovertheknowledgeatthesametimeandyouaresuretobenefitfrom

it.

②(譯林選必三U2)Thesescientificandtechnologicaladvancescanprovide

benefits(benefit)tosocietiesontheEarthinmanyareasincludinghealth,energyand

informationtechnology.

［后教］

(l)forthebenefitof...為了……的利益

(2)benefitfrom/by...從……中受益；得益于……

(3)beneficialadj.有利的；有幫助的

beofgreatbenefitto...=beverybeneficialto...

對...非常有益（to為介詞）

［佳句背誦］Regulationsplacedclearobligationsonthelandlordforthebenefitofthe

tenant.

為了租戶的利益，條例給房東規(guī)定了明確的義務。

［名師點津］benefitsb./sth.=beofbenefittosb./sth.=bebeneficialtosb./sth.對某人/

某物有益；有益于某人/某物

7.equipment〃?設備，裝備

［先做］一單句語法填空/單句改錯

①Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.

②Thecompanyhasboughtalotofnewequipmentssincethenewmanagercameto

power,equipmentsfequipment

［后教］

(l)apieceofequipment一件設備

(2)equipv.裝備；配備

equip...with...用……來裝備……

beequippedwith...配有...

equipsb.forsth./todosth.使某人為（做）某事而準備；

使某人具備（做）某事的條件

［佳句背誦］Inmyview,educationisaboutlearningandthemoreyoulearn,themore

equippedforlifeyouare.在我看來，教育就是學習，你學得越多，你就越能適應生活。

背誦點書面表達之建議信

8.prevent"預防；阻止，阻擋

［先做］——單句語法填空

①(2022?新高考全國卷I)TheelderlyresidentsincarehomesinLondonarebeing

givenhenstolookaftertostopthemfeeling(feel)lonely.

②(2020?天津卷7月)Itpreventspeoplewhoarecutofffromsocietyfalling(fall)victim

tocheaters.

［后教］

(1)prevent/stop...(from)doingsth.=keep...fromdoingsth.

阻止……做某事

(2)preventionn,預防，防止

［佳句背誦］Topreventsofttissueinjury,makesurethatyouwearproperclothesand

equipmentwhenexercising.為避免軟組織損傷，你要確保鍛煉時穿合適的衣服，戴合

適的裝備。（譯林必修二U2）

［名師點津］prevent/stop/keep...fromdoingsth.用于被動語態(tài)時，其中的from均不可

省略。

9.amount〃?數(shù)量；總額

心等于；合計；發(fā)展成為

［先做］一單句語法填空/單句改錯

①Theamountofmoneyinhisbankaccountwas（be）sohugethattheauthorgot

oveijoyed.

②（2021?浙江卷6月）Itwastiringwork,butIlookedforwardtothepay,eventhoughI

wasn'tsurehowmuchitwouldamountto.

③Hugeamountsofinformationhaveupdatedinthepastminutes.在updated前加been

［后教］

（l）theamountof............的數(shù)量

alarge/smallamountof+〃.［U］+o.（單數(shù)）

large/smallamountsof+〃.［U］+o.（復數(shù)）

（2）amountto共計，總計；等于，相當于

［佳句背誦］Theamountofjunkfoodteenagerseatgoesupyearbyyear,which

graduallyruinstheirhealth.

青少年吃垃圾食品的數(shù)量逐年上漲，這逐漸損害了他們的健康。

［名師點津］只修飾不可數(shù)名詞的詞匯及短語還有agreatdealof>much等。

10.satisfaction〃.滿足，滿意；令人滿意的事

［先做］——單句語法填空

①(2022?浙江卷1月)Finally,myhardworkpaidoff—wewereawardedanA,which

gavemegreatsatisfoction(satisfy).

②Tomysatisfaction,Igotasatisfying/satisfactoryresultoftheexam,whichmademy

motherquitesatisfied,(satisfy)

③(2020?天津卷7月)1thinkofonefriendwhocouldn'tarrangeflowerstosatisfy(satisfy)

herself.

［后教］

(l)withsatisfaction滿意地

toone'ssatisfaction令某人滿意的是

(2)satisfyvt.使?jié)M意；使?jié)M足

satisfyone'sneeds/demands滿足某人的需要

(3)satisfiedadj.（感到）滿意的；滿足的

besatisfiedwith...對...感到滿意

(4)satisfyingadj.令人滿意的

satisfactoryadj.滿意的

［佳句背t甬］Tosatisfymyneeds,myfathercreatedagoodlearningatmosphereforme.

Lookingatmyreportcard,myfathernoddedwithsatisfaction,asmilespreadingacrosshis

face.為了滿足我的需要，爸爸為我創(chuàng)造了一個良好的學習氛圍?？粗业某煽儐?，

我爸爸滿意地點了點頭，臉上綻開了微笑。

11.sight〃.視野；視力；景象

洗做］——用sight的相關短語填空

①Atthesightoftherescuedboy,hisparentswereseizedwithhappiness.

②(2022?新高考全國卷I)Astimewenton,otherrunnersfinishedtherunbutIcouldn't

catchsightofDavid.

(3)Attherailwaystation,themotherwavedgoodbyetoherdaughtertillthetrainwasout

ofsight.

［后教］

(l)catchsightof看見；瞥見

losesightof看不見

loseone'ssight失明

comeintosight進入視野

(2)atfirstsight乍一看；初看時

atthesightof一看見

outofsight看不見

(3)acommonsight一個常見的現(xiàn)象

［佳句背誦］Assoonasyouentertheuniversitygate,youwillcatchsightofmanyold

treesandbuildings.

一踏進這所大學的校門，你就會看見許多古老的大樹和建筑。

背誦點書面表達之地點介紹

12.amazed。力;大為驚奇的，驚訝的

［先做］一單句語法填空

CDAmazedfamaze)andembarrassed,shefeltasifalltheairweretodisappearand

peoplearoundtheworldwerewatchingher.

②(2022,全國甲卷)Fromseeingewildlifetowitnessingsunrises,thewhole

experiencewasamazing(amaze).

［后教］

(l)beamazedat...對...感到驚訝

beamazedtodosth.吃驚地做某事

amazementn.驚奇

(2)inamazement驚奇地

toone'samazement令某人驚奇的是

(3)amazevt.使驚訝

amazesb.使某人吃驚

(4)amazing令人驚奇的；令人驚喜的

［佳句背1■甬］Itisreallyamazingthatweshouldhavesomuchincommon.HowIwishI

couldhavemoreopportunitiestocommunicatewithyou!

我們竟然有這么多共同點，真是太神奇了。我多么希望能有更多的機會和你交流！

(2022?浙江卷1月滿分作文)

［名師點津］表示“驚奇”的詞語，程度由強到弱依次為：shock-astonish-

amaze--surprise□

13.ingood/badshape健康狀況良好/不佳

［先做］—補全句子

①Hekeepstoomanythingsinhispockets,sohissuitlooksbadlyoutofshape(變形).

(2)Afterthesurgery,myfellowclassmatewasgraduallyingoodshape(逐漸地健康了).

③Tomalwaysgoesjogginginthemorningandheusuallydoespush-upstokeepin

shape（保持體形）.

［后教］

(l)intheshapeof...以....形狀

outofshape健康狀況不好；變形

keepinshape保持體形

(2)shapesth.影響/決定某物

beshapedlike形狀像

［佳句背誦］Thehouseisunusualforitsroofintheshapeofstairs.

這座房子的獨特之處在于階梯形的屋頂。

14.tryoutfor參加選拔；爭取成為(團隊的一員)

［先做］一單句語法填空/單句改錯

①Thesalesgirlwaspatientandaskedmetotryonasmallercoat.

②Itriedtopersuade(persuade)himtogiveuptheplan,butinvain.

?Conceptcarsareawayfordesignerstotrytheirideasonthepublicwithcomplete

freedom.在try后加out

［后教］

tryout試驗；測試；試用（某人）

tryforsth.試圖獲得；爭取

tryon試穿

trytodo...努力/試圖做……

trydoing...嘗試做……

［佳句背誦］IknewfromtheInternetthatyouwantsomestudentstoserveasspokesmen

fortheanimalstheylike.Iwouldliketotryoutfortheactivity.

我從網上得知你們想招募一些學生作他們喜歡的動物的代言人，我愿意報名參加。

背誦點書面表達之申請信

15.payoff成功；有回報；奏效；達到目的；還清；解雇

［先做］——單句語法填空/單句改錯

①（2022?全國乙卷）Howmuchwouldacouplewithtwochildrenunder12payfor

admission?

?Borrowingmoneyfromfriendswouldn'taffectyourrelationships,ifyourememberto

payoffassoonaspossible.offfback

［后教］

payforsth.付錢（買）；支付

payback還錢；償還；報復

payavisitto參觀；拜訪

payattentionto注意；留心

［佳句背誦］Isuggestyoushouldpaymoreattentiontoyourhandwriting,whichcan

helpyouimproveyourgrades.

我建議你多注意書寫，這會幫助你提高成績。

背誦點書面表達之建議信

16.takeadvantageof利用

［先做］---補全句子

①（2021?全國乙卷滿分作文）However,onlinelearninghasbothadvantagesand

disadvantages（有利也有弊）.

②OnceyouhaveagoodcommandofEnglish,youwillhaveanadvantageover

others（比其他人有優(yōu)勢）whenyouhuntforajob.

［后教］

（l）advantagesanddisadvantages利與弊

haveanadvantageover勝過，優(yōu)于

（2）makeuseof利用

makethemostof充分利用

［佳句背誦］Takingadvantageoffreetimetorideabikeisofgreatbenefittoourhealth

aswellastheenvironment.

利用空閑時間騎自行車對我們的健康和環(huán)境都有很大的好處。

背誦點書面表達之環(huán)境保護

單元重點句型

1.狀語從句的省略

（教材原句）Anddon'tdrinktoomuchwhilerunning,orit'llmakeyoufeelsick.

在跑步期間不要喝太多水，否則你會感到不舒服。

［先做］——單句語法填空

①Whilekept（keep）withinitsduebounds,itisbothbeautifulanduseful.

②（2021?全國甲卷）Inmyopinion,when/wheneverintrouble,weshouldseekhelpfrom

thosewetrustmost.

［后教］

狀語從句省略的條件：

(1)狀語從句中的主語與主句主語一致或是代詞it;

(2)狀語從句謂語中含有be動詞。

［佳句背誦］Althoughyoung,shewascalmandconfidentonthestage.

雖然很年輕，但她在舞臺上冷靜自信。

［名師點津］對狀語從句的省略的考查主要是判斷連詞后面用哪種非謂語形式，做

題時關鍵是要弄清楚省略結構中的動詞與其邏輯主語之間的關系：主謂關系用現(xiàn)在分

詞，動賓關系用過去分詞。

2.with復合結構

(教材原句)Estebanhadbeencyclingashardashecouldforhoursandwiththe

finishinglineinsightallthecyclistsbegantospeeduptocrossit.

埃斯特班已經盡最大努力駒?了好幾個小時，終點線就在眼前，所有的自行車運動員

開始加速通過終點。

［先做］一單句語法填空/單句改錯

①Withsomuchworkto_do(do),IwassoanxiousthatIhadtroublesleeping.

②Withmoreandmoreforestsdamaging,someanimalsandplantsarefacingthedanger

ofdyingout.damagingfdamaged

后教］

with復合結構在句中作狀語和定語，其結構為：

(l)with+賓語+介詞短語/形容詞/副詞；

(2)with+賓語+