九年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)單元核心素養(yǎng)培優(yōu)卷仁愛(ài)科普版Unit4AmazingScience本試卷共10頁(yè)，滿分120分，考試用時(shí)120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1．答卷前、考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在試卷和答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)條形碼粘貼在答題卡上指定位置。2．選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。寫(xiě)在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無(wú)效。3．非選擇題的作答：用黑色簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)，寫(xiě)在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無(wú)效。4．考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將試卷和答題卡一并交回。一、完形填空（共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）Sometimesdreamsaresurprisinglyuseful.Hereisastoryabouthowadreamhelpedsolveadifficultproblem.DoyouknowEliasHowe?You1haveneverheardofhim.Butyoumustknowthesewing(縫紉)machine.Yes,hewasthe2.Andthesewingmachineisalso3usedthroughouttheworldnow.Beforethesewingmachinewasinvented,sewingbyhandwashardwork.EliasHowe4todesignamachinetomakethesewingeasyandquick.5hemadesomeprogress,hemetaproblem.Itseemed6togetthethread(線)torunaroundtheneedle(針)withoutanyproblems.Oneday,hewastired,andsleptbadly.Thenhehadadream.Inthedreamhewas7byaking.Thekingorderedhimtobuildaperfectsewingmachine,8hewouldbekilled.Whenhetriedtodoso,Howemetthesameproblem.Thekingwasso9thatheorderedhissoldierstokillHowewithaspear(長(zhǎng)矛).Justbeforethespearsstucktohisbody,10henoticedsomething.Therewasaholeinthetip(尖端)ofthespear.Howewokeupfromthedream.Andhe11thathefoundthewaytosolvetheproblem,heshouldmakeitrunthroughasmallholeinthetipoftheneedleinsteadof12thethreadtorunaroundtheneedle.AsimpleideafinallycameintoHowe’smind.13,heinventedthefirstsewingmachine.LikeHowe,manyscientistsfoundthewaytosolvetheirproblems14thisway.ThomasEdisonsaidhisbest15cameintohimindreams.SodidAlbertEinstein.1．A．can B．may C．must2．A．inventor B．composer C．musician3．A．exactly B．totally C．widely4．A．decided B．chose C．made5．A．Because B．Until C．Although6．A．impossible B．impolite C．uncomfortable7．A．praised B．honored C．caught8．A．or B．a(chǎn)nd C．so9．A．sad B．a(chǎn)ngry C．happy10．A．suddenly B．however C．immediately11．A．researched B．realized C．a(chǎn)chieved12．A．get B．got C．getting13．A．Asusual B．Asaresult C．Forinstance14．A．on B．in C．for15．A．method B．ideas C．thoughts二、閱讀理解（共20小題，每小題2分，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀以下三篇短文，從每小題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出一個(gè)與短文內(nèi)容相符的最佳選項(xiàng)。AThethirdChinaInternationalImportExpowasheldfromNov.5to10inShanghai.Morethan2,600companiesgatheredandshowedtheiradvancedproducts.Let’shavealookatsomeofthem.Portable(便攜式的)kayak(皮劃艇)①Aportable,18-kilogram“backpack”,madebyDecathlon,aFrenchsportsgoodsgroup,canbechangedintoakayakwhenfilledwithair.Thesafe,lightweightITIWITX500Kayakmakeskayakracing,anextremesport,knowntocommonpeople.Itincludesfive“airchambers(氣囊)”,soeveniftwoofthemdon’twork,theinflatablekayakwillhelppassengersreturntolandsafely.QuickcoronavirustestmachineNucleicacid(核酸)testingcouldbefasterinthefuture.②KingFisherApex,madebytheFinnishtechcompanyThermoFisherScientific,cansaveresearchers’timespentonadditionalsteps,makingnucleicacidtestingfaster.Itusesaspecialtechnologytomoveotherobjectsawayfromsamplestomakesurethatthetestresultsarequiteright.Also,withit,doctorsandnursesneedn’tdothedangerousworkofcollectingpeople’snucleicacidsamples,sothesystemgreatlyreducestheirriskoftouchingharmfulsamples.Myopic(近視)preventionglassesHerecomesalifesaverforteenagerswithpooreyesight—amyopiccontrollens.Whetherit’saclassroomblackboardoratablet,anoutdooractivityoramobilephonegame,thelensfromEssilor,aFrenchcompany,keepthesamecontroleffect,withchangeableviewingangles(角度)andclearsight.Aftermorethantwoyearsofhardresearch,theresultsshowthattheStellestlenshaveagreatinfluenceonslowingdownmyopiaprogressioninchildrenbyslowingdowntheincreaseofeyeaxes(軸).16．Howmany“airchambers”doesaportablekayakhave?A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.17．Wheredoesthecompanythatmadethequicknucleicacidtestmachinecomefrom?A．China. B．France. C．Finland. D．America.18．WhycanKingFisherApexreducetheriskofdoctorsandnurses’touchingharmfulsamples?A．Becauseitcanhelpsavetheirtime. B．Becauseitdoesthedangerouswork.C．Becauseitusesaspecialtechnology. D．Becauseitmakesthetestresultsright.19．WhatcanweknowabouttheStellestlens?A．Theycanslowdownchildren’smyopicprogression.B．Theycanincreasechildren’seyeaxes.C．Theycangreatlysaveteenagers’lives.D．Theycancontrolpeople’smyopicprogressioncompletely.20．Whatmaybethebesttitleofthepassage?A．ExtremeSports B．AdvancedProductsC．MyopicPreventionGlasses D．TheNucleicAcidTestingMachineBWorkagainstthecoldChinesescientistsresearchinAntarctica風(fēng)雪中的艱辛：他在南極研究氣候Inthewhite,icyworldofAntarctica(南極),Chinesescientistsworkedhardinthefreezingcoldtodoresearch.OnApril10,thecountry’s40thAntarcticscientificexpedition(考察)teamreturnedhomeafterfinishingtheirtasks.“OurmainjobsinAntarcticaweretowatchtheweatherandtobuildweatherstations,”saidZhuKongju.The33-year-oldwasamemberoftheexpeditionteamandisanengineerattheChineseAcademyofMeteorologicalSciences(CAMS,中國(guó)氣象科學(xué)研究院).Zhuandhisteammatesdidtestsongreenhousegasesandtheozone(臭氧層)inAntarctica.Theywantedtoseehowclimatechangeisaffecting(影響)thearea.Theyalsosetuptwoweatherstationsthatcanworkinextremely(極度地)coldconditionsandfixedtheonesalreadythere,increasingtheareatheycouldwatch.ThehardestpartofworkinginAntarcticawasdealingwith“surprises”fromtheweather,Zhusaid.uTheytraveledandmovedsupplies(物資)everydayusingsnowmobiles(雪地摩托)andsleds(雪橇).“Oneday,becauseofabigsnowstorm,wecouldbarelyseethreemetersahead,andifweleftthesnowmobile,we’dgetlostrightaway.Wehadtoyellthroughtheintercom(對(duì)講機(jī))anduseGPStotelleachotherwherewewere,”hesaid.“Ittookusfourhoursthatdayjusttogetthesnowmobilesparkedtogether.”Althoughtheworkwasverytough,thescientistsmanagedtocollectimportantdata(數(shù)據(jù))fortheirresearch.“Thefrozen(冰凍的)partsofEartharereallyimportantfortheworld’senergyandwater.Antarcticaisabigplayerintheworld’sclimate,”Zhusaid.Eventhoughfewpeoplelivethere,itsweatherchangesalotwiththeworld’sclimate,whichmakesitakeyplacetostudyclimatechange.HaoFeifeicontributedtothisstory.Choosetheanswer:21．WhatwasthemaintaskofZhu’steaminAntarctica?A．Doingexperimentsonoceanlife.B．Buildingweatherstationsanddoingweatherobservations.C．Collectingsamplesofgreenhousegases.D．Testingnewtechnologiesinextremecoldconditions.22．WhatwastheirbiggestchallengeinAntarctica?A．Thelackofspacetoparksnowmobiles.B．Thelackoftransportation.C．Havinglimitedfoodandwater.D．Theunpredictableweatherconditions.23．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tough”mean?A．Risky. B．Busy. C．Hard. D．Simple.24．WhyisAntarcticaconsideredanimportantareaforresearch?A．Becausetherearenopeoplelivingthere.B．BecauseAntarcticaplaysanimportantroleintheworld’sclimate.C．Becauseit’stheonlyplacetocollectimportantclimatedata.D．Becauseitishometouniquespeciesofplantsandanimals.25．Whichpartisnotincludedinthepassage?A．TheorganizationoftheAntarcticscientificexpedition.B．ThedifficultiesoftheAntarcticscientificexpedition.C．ThetasksoftheAntarcticscientificexpedition.D．TheimportanceoftheAntarcticscientificexpedition.CWuxiCityineasternChina’sJiangsuProvinceisknownasthe“Homeoftheerhu”becauseitisthebirthplaceofmanyerhumasters.LookingaroundWuxi,youcanoftenhearthebeautifulsoundoftheerhu.Theerhuwascalledthehuqinatfirst,amusicalinstrumentofethnic(種族的)groupsinnorthernChina,anditdatesmorethanathousandyearsbacktotheTangDynasty.Inmoderntimes,withthedevelopmentofoperas,thehuqinwasrenamedtheerhuanditslowlyspreadthroughoutChina.TheerhuplaysaleadingroleinmanyChinesefolkorchestras(管弦樂(lè)隊(duì))justastheviolindoesinWesternorchestras.Theyarebothmadeupofabody,abridge,strings(弦)andabow(弓).Theperformerusuallyholdstheerhustraightlyontheleg,▲andpressingthestringswithhisfingers,whiledrawingthebowwithhisrighthand.Asthebowrunsagainstthestringsandtouchesandshakesthem,beautifulmusiccomes.Notlimited(限制)byjusttwostrings,agoodplayercangivetheerhuamazingemotionalexpressions.Itcanpresentbothsoft,lovelysongsandsadmusic.Sometimesitgivesahumancryingvoice,andsometimesagreathorse-runningsound.Today,asafolkinstrument,theerhuhasbeenusedmorewidelybycommunicatingwithWesternmusicalinstruments.Inmanyinternationalconcerts,theerhucanbeseenplayingwithdifferentWesterninstruments,suchasthepiano,violinandguitar.Thisperformanceformnotonlyaddsnewpossibilitiestomusiccreation,butalsobringsricherenjoymenttothelisteners.26．WhyisWuxiknownasthe“Homeoftheerhu”?A．Becauseitisthebirthplaceofmanyerhumasters.B．Becausewecanhearthebeautifulsoundoftheerhuthere.C．Becausetheerhuwasinventedthere.D．Becauseithasalonghistoryofplayingtheerhu.27．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“l(fā)eading”inParagraph2mean?A．Verycommon. B．Verystrange. C．Veryinteresting. D．Veryimportant.28．Whichwordscanbeputintothe“▲”inParagraph3?A．Showingbeautifulsounds B．SpreadingaroundtheworldC．Holdingtheneckwithhislefthand D．PlayingwithWesterninstruments29．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Thehuqinisdifferentfromtheerhu.B．Theerhuhasahistoryofover1,000years.C．Wecan’tseetheerhuinanyinternationalconcerts.D．Theerhuismadeupofabody,abridgeandstrings.30．What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A．TheintroductiontoWuxi. B．ChineseandWesternorchestras.C．Theintroductiontotheerhu. D．Internationalconcerts.第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的A~F六個(gè)句子中選出能填入文中空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，使短文內(nèi)容完整、正確。選項(xiàng)中有一個(gè)多余選項(xiàng)。The15thChinaInternationalAviationandAerospaceExhibition(航空航天展覽)washeldinZhuhai,GuangdongProvinceonNovember12,2024.31ManyvisitorsfromallovertheworldcametoZhuhaitoseetheairshow.32Fromthenon,ithasbecomeaveryimportantinternationalevent.ItisheldeverytwoyearsinZhuhai.Attheairshow,peoplecanseeamazingaircraft(飛行器)andlearnaboutthelatesttechnologyinaviation.OneofthemostexcitingpartsoftheZhuhaiAirshowwastheflightperformances.33Theseperformanceswerenotonlyfuntowatch,butalsoshowedthegreatabilitiesofmodernplanes.34Thecompanies(公司)fromaroundtheworldcameheretotradeorlookfortheirbusinesspartners.Manystudentsandfamiliesattendedandenjoyedtheairshow.Theythoughtitwasagreatchancetolearnmoreaboutaviationandaerospace.35Itcouldhelpthestudentsintheirfuturejobs.Atthesametime,italsoencouragedyoungpeopletoexplore(探索)intheaviationandaerospacefields.A．ItisChina’slargestairshow.B．Thepilotsperformedexcellentflyingskills.C．ThefirstZhuhaiAirshowtookplacein1996.D．Theycouldalsotalktosomeengineersandpilots.E．TheZhuhaiAirshowwasalsoanimportantbusinessevent.F．ManypeoplewatchedthewonderfulairshowonTVathome.三、詞匯應(yīng)用（本大題共10小題，每小題1分，共10分）36．Theoldbridgeinmyhometownisgoingto(rebuild)nextmonth.37．High-speedtrainisagreat(invent)tohelppeopletraveleasilybetweenbigcities.38．It(cover)liveonBeijingTVandBeijingRadio&TelevisionNetwork.39．Lilydrewseveralcircles(mark)someimportantpointsinthenotebook.40．Themorecarefulyouare,themore(success)theworkwillbedone.41．Michealbecamean(電子的)engineerwhenhewastwentyfiveyearsold.42．Themandidagreatjobintraditionalartclay.Hewas(采訪)onTVandthathelpedmorepeoplelearnabouthim.43．Whenandwherewilltheresultbe(報(bào)道)live?44．Hethinks(掌握)asecondforeignlanguageisveryuseful.45．Somepeoplebelievethattraditionalbankswillbe(取代)byonlineonessoon.四、完成句子（本大題共5小題，每小題2分，共10分）46．上周，李華被邀請(qǐng)參加學(xué)校的旅游知識(shí)競(jìng)賽。Lastweek,LiHuatojoininatravelquizshowatschool.47．愛(ài)麗絲及時(shí)阻止了狐貍。野兔得救了，開(kāi)心地蹦跳離開(kāi)了。ThefoxbyAliceintime.Therabbitwassafeandhoppedawayhappily.48．京杭大運(yùn)河是在不同地區(qū)、不同朝代分段修建而成的。TheGrandCanalsectionbysectionindifferentareasanddynasties.49．卡拉更喜歡那種帶給她思考的電影。Carlaprefersmovieshersomethingtothinkabout.50．那位老太太很有表演天賦，在昨天的義演上受到了人們的注意。Theoldladythatsheatyesterday’scharityshow.五、短文選詞填空（共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分）閱讀短文，從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使短文通順、意思完整。每空限填一詞，每詞限用一次。one

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showChinaannouncedthenamesofitsmanned(載人的)moonlanderandnewcrewspaceshiponFebruary24,2024.AccordingtotheChinaMannedSpaceAgency,themoonlanderisnamedLanyue.Itfirst51inapoemwrittenbythelateChairmanMaoZedongin1965.Theword“Lanyue”pointsouttheChinese52confidenceintheirexplorationoftheuniverseandjourneytothemoon.ThenameofthenewcrewspaceshipisMengzhou.Thename53itsresponsibilityofachievingtheChinesenation’sdreamoflandingonthemoontostarta54journeyofspaceadventure.Thenameswere55byagroupofexpertsfromnearly2,000namesprovidedbythepublic.TherewillbetwomodelsoftheMengzhouspaceship.56willbeusedtotransportastronautstothemoonandtheotherwillreplacethepresentspaceshipShenzhoutocarryastronauts57EarthandtheTiangongspacestation.TheMengzhouspaceshipwillbenearly958longandweigh22tons.TheLanyuemoonlanderwillhavetwobasicparts—alandingpartandapropulsion(推進(jìn))part,andwillweighnearly26tons.It59carrytwoastronautsanda200-kilogramrover(月球車).Now,theresearchanddevelopmentoftheLanyueandtheMengzhouareprogressing60withthehelpofexperts.六、短文語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)所給漢語(yǔ)注釋寫(xiě)出單詞的正確形式(每空一詞)。Paperwasfirstcreatedabout2.000yearsagoinChina.Afterits61(發(fā)明),peoplestartedtowriteonpapertomakebooks.In62(那些)days,bookswereonly63(生產(chǎn))oneatatimebyhand.Asaresult,therewerenotmanybooksandtheywereexpensive.So,64(很少的)peoplehadthechancetolearntoread.PrintingwasinventedinChinaduringtheSuiandTangDynasties.Laterdevelopmentsinprintingmadeitpossibletoproducebooksmorequicklyand65(便宜地).Atradeinbooksresulted,andmorepeoplelearnttoread.66(知識(shí))andideas67(傳播)fasterthaneverbefore.Inaway,wecancomparetheinventionofpaperandprintingtotheintroductionoftheInternetinthe68(第二十)century.AlthoughtheInternetisstill69(年輕的),itisgrowingveryfast,andmaybecomemuchmorepowerfulthanprinting.ComputersandtheInternetare70

(使用)inclassroomsnow,andnewspapersandmagazinesarealreadyreadonline.Sowhatdirectionwilltraditionalprintingtakeinthefuture?WillbooksbereplacedbytheInternet?Let’swaitandsee.七、讀寫(xiě)結(jié)合（共兩節(jié)，滿分25分）第一節(jié)任務(wù)型閱讀（共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）Areelectriccars(電車)goodfortheEarth?Manyofuswouldprobablysayyes.ButRobertSansoneknowstheanswerisn’tthatsimple.Sansoneiscalledanatural-bornengineer.Itisnotsurprisingifyouknowthe17-year-oldhascompletednearly60engineeringprojects.Acoupleofyearsago,Sansonewatchedavideoabouttheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofelectriccars.Thevideoexplainedhowthemotors(發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī))ofthesecarsaremade.Mostofthemuserare-earthmetals(稀土金屬).Thesematerialsareveryexpensive.Evenworse,theyareoftencollectedinwaysthatareharmfultotheEarth.“Mustweusethesemetals?Isthereamoreenvironmentally-friendlyway?”Sansonethought.Hehadheardofthesynchronousreluctancemotor(同步電動(dòng)機(jī))before.Butitsperformanceshouldbeimproved.Overthefollowingyear,Sansoneputonedesignafteranothertothetest.Thingsdidn’tgowellatfirst.Hefailedfourteentimesbeforecomingupwithaworkingmodel.Themodelisabout40%morepowerfulthanatraditionalone.Anditdoesn’tuserare-earthmetals.TheseeffortshavehelpedSansonewinabigaward.Hetookpartinthisyear’sRegeneronInternationalScienceandEngineeringFair(大獎(jiǎng)賽)withhismotor.It’stheworld’slargestpre-collegesciencecompetition.Hestoodoutfrommorethan1,800competitorstowinfirstprize.Sansone,however,isn’tyetdonewithhisinventionbecauseitisfarfromperfect.Itisdifficulttomake.Thismeansit’shardtobecomewidelyused.SoSansonehascontinuedtoimproveandtesthismotor.HopefullySansone’sdesignwillcompletelychangetheelectriccarindustryoneday.71．HowmanyengineeringprojectshasSansonecompletedattheageof17?72．Arerare-earthmetalsexpensive?73．Whatistheworld’slargestpre-collegesciencecompetition?74．WhatprizedidSansonewininthesciencecompetition?75．Whyisn’tSansonedonewithhisinventionyet?第二節(jié)書(shū)面表達(dá)（共1題，滿分15分）76．發(fā)明無(wú)處不在，各種各樣的發(fā)明(如computers,robots,Internet……)不斷地改變著我們的生活。什么發(fā)明改變了你的生活？請(qǐng)以“The________HasChangedMyLife”為題，用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇短文，談?wù)勥@個(gè)發(fā)明物是怎樣改變你生活的。要求：1.用適當(dāng)?shù)陌l(fā)明物補(bǔ)全題目，寫(xiě)一篇短文，詞數(shù)不少于80個(gè)；2.語(yǔ)言流暢，書(shū)寫(xiě)規(guī)范，卷面整潔；3.文中不得使用真實(shí)姓名，校名。The________HasChangedMyLifeInventionsarearoundus.Amongtheinventions,參考答案及試題解析1．B2．A3．C4．A5．C6．A7．C8．A9．B10．A11．B12．C13．B14．B15．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了伊萊亞斯·豪如何通過(guò)一個(gè)夢(mèng)解決了縫紉機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)中的難題，從而發(fā)明了第一臺(tái)縫紉機(jī)的故事。1．句意：你可能從未聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)他。can能夠；may可能；must必須。由“You...haveneverheardofhim”可知，你也許聽(tīng)過(guò)，也許沒(méi)聽(tīng)過(guò)，此空表示可能性。故選B。2．句意：是的，他就是發(fā)明者。inventor發(fā)明者；composer作曲家；musician音樂(lè)家。由“Butyoumustknowthesewing(縫紉)machine.”可知，他是縫紉機(jī)的發(fā)明者。故選A。3．句意：而且現(xiàn)在縫紉機(jī)在全世界被廣泛使用。exactly確切地；totally完全地；widely廣泛地。由“usedthroughouttheworld”可知，縫紉機(jī)被廣泛使用。故選C。4．句意：伊萊亞斯·豪決定設(shè)計(jì)一種機(jī)器，使縫紉變得輕松快捷。decided決定；chose選擇；made制作。由“sewingbyhandwashardwork”可知，手工縫紉很辛苦，由“todesignamachinetomakethesewingeasyandquick.”可知，使縫紉變得輕松快捷是他的決定。故選A。5．句意：盡管他取得了一些進(jìn)展，但他遇到了一個(gè)問(wèn)題。Because因?yàn)?；Until直到；Although盡管。由“hemadesomeprogress”可知，他取得了進(jìn)步，由“hemetaproblem”可知，他到了問(wèn)題，二者是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選C。6．句意：似乎不可能讓線毫無(wú)問(wèn)題地繞著針運(yùn)行。impossible不可能的；impolite不禮貌的；uncomfortable不舒服的。由“hemetaproblem”可知，他遇到了問(wèn)題，由“getthethread(線)torunaroundtheneedle”可知，他遇到的問(wèn)題是不可能讓線毫無(wú)問(wèn)題地繞著針運(yùn)行。故選A。7．句意：在夢(mèng)中，他被一個(gè)國(guó)王抓住了。praised贊揚(yáng)；honored尊敬；caught抓住。由下文“hewouldbekilled”可知，他可能被殺死說(shuō)明被抓住了。故選C。8．句意：國(guó)王命令他制造一臺(tái)完美的縫紉機(jī)，否則他就會(huì)被殺死。or否則；and并且；so所以。由“Thekingorderedhimtobuildaperfectsewingmachine...hewouldbekilled.”可知，國(guó)王命令他制造一臺(tái)完美的縫紉機(jī)，造不出來(lái)就殺死他，此處用“or”引出一種否定的結(jié)果或后果。故選A。9．句意：國(guó)王非常生氣，以至于他命令他的士兵用長(zhǎng)矛殺死豪。sad悲傷的；angry生氣的；happy高興的。由“Whenhetriedtodoso,Howemetthesameproblem.”可知，他遇到了問(wèn)題，沒(méi)有制造出完美的縫紉機(jī)，國(guó)王很生氣。故選B。10．句意：就在長(zhǎng)矛刺向他的身體之前，他突然注意到了一些東西。suddenly突然地；however然而；immediately立即。由“Justbeforethespearsstucktohisbody”可知，在長(zhǎng)矛刺向他之前，他突然注意到了什么，這是猛然發(fā)生的。故選A。11．句意：他意識(shí)到他找到了解決問(wèn)題的方法，他應(yīng)該讓線穿過(guò)針尖端的一個(gè)小孔，而不是讓線繞著針運(yùn)行。researched研究；realized意識(shí)到；achieved實(shí)現(xiàn)。由“hefoundthewaytosolvetheproblem”可知，找到了解決問(wèn)題的方法是他意識(shí)到的。故選B。12．句意：他意識(shí)到他找到了解決問(wèn)題的方法，他應(yīng)該讓線穿過(guò)針尖端的一個(gè)小孔，而不是讓線繞著針運(yùn)行。get得到，動(dòng)詞原形；got得到，過(guò)去式；getting得到，動(dòng)名詞。由“of”可知，“of”是介詞，其后接動(dòng)名詞。故選C。13．句意：結(jié)果，他發(fā)明了第一臺(tái)縫紉機(jī)。Asusual像往常一樣；Asaresult結(jié)果；Forinstance例如。由“heinventedthefirstsewingmachine”可知，他發(fā)明了第一臺(tái)縫紉機(jī)是經(jīng)歷重重困難之后的結(jié)果。故選B。14．句意：像豪一樣，許多科學(xué)家也以這種方式找到了解決問(wèn)題的方法。on在……上；in在……里；for為了。由“solvetheirproblems...thisway”可知，用這種方法解決問(wèn)題，inthisway表示“用這種方法”。故選B。15．句意：托馬斯·愛(ài)迪生說(shuō)他最好的主意是在夢(mèng)中出現(xiàn)的。method方法；ideas主意，表示新的、創(chuàng)造性的概念；thoughts想法，表示思考、思維的過(guò)程或結(jié)果。由“ThomasEdison...cameintohimindreams”可知，愛(ài)迪生是科學(xué)家，他的很多創(chuàng)造性的思想來(lái)自夢(mèng)中。故選B。16．D17．C18．B19．A20．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了上海進(jìn)口博覽會(huì)上的三種黑科技產(chǎn)品。16．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Itincludesfive‘a(chǎn)irchambers(氣囊)’,soeveniftwoofthemdon’twork,theinflatablekayakwillhelppassengersreturntolandsafely.”可知，它包含五個(gè)“氣囊”。故選D。17．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由“…madebytheFinnishtechcompanyThermoFisherScientific,”可知，這個(gè)機(jī)器是由一家芬蘭科技公司制作的，故選C。18．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Also,withit,doctorsandnursesneedn’tdothedangerousworkofcollectingpeople’snucleicacidsamples,sothesystemgreatlyreducestheirriskoftouchingharmfulsamples.”可知，這個(gè)機(jī)器替醫(yī)生和護(hù)士做了危險(xiǎn)的工作（采集核酸樣本），因此它極大地降低了他們接觸有害樣本的危險(xiǎn)，故選B。19．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Aftermorethantwoyearsofhardresearch,theresultsshowthattheStellestlenshaveagreatinfluenceonslowingdownmyopiaprogressioninchildrenbyslowingdowntheincreaseofeyeaxes(軸).”可推知，通過(guò)減緩眼軸的增加速度，該產(chǎn)品在減緩孩子們的近視進(jìn)程方面有很大效果，即該產(chǎn)品可以減緩孩子們的近視，故選A。20．最佳標(biāo)題題。結(jié)合全文，尤其是第一段中的“Morethan2,600companiesgatheredandshowedtheiradvancedproducts.Let’shavealookatsomeofthem.”可知，本文是講述幾種進(jìn)口博覽會(huì)上的先進(jìn)產(chǎn)品，因此B項(xiàng)作為標(biāo)題最佳。故選B。21．B22．D23．C24．B25．A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，報(bào)道了中國(guó)第40次南極科考隊(duì)的任務(wù)與挑戰(zhàn)?？茖W(xué)家們?cè)跇O寒環(huán)境中建立氣象站、監(jiān)測(cè)溫室氣體和臭氧層，以研究氣候變化對(duì)南極的影響。盡管暴風(fēng)雪等極端天氣增加了工作難度，團(tuán)隊(duì)仍成功收集關(guān)鍵數(shù)據(jù)，凸顯南極作為全球氣候研究核心區(qū)域的重要性，并贊揚(yáng)了科研人員在艱苦條件下的奉獻(xiàn)精神。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“OurmainjobsinAntarcticaweretowatchtheweatherandtobuildweatherstations”可知，團(tuán)隊(duì)的主要任務(wù)是氣象觀測(cè)和建立氣象站，故選B。22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thehardestpart...wasdealingwith‘surprises’fromtheweather”和以暴風(fēng)雪導(dǎo)致能見(jiàn)度極低為例，說(shuō)明不可預(yù)測(cè)的天氣是最大挑戰(zhàn)，故選D。23．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“couldbarelyseethreemetersahead”可知，科學(xué)家們?cè)跇O寒和惡劣天氣中堅(jiān)持工作，且最終完成研究，說(shuō)明工作很艱難，故選C。24．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Antarcticaisabigplayerintheworld’sclimate...akeyplacetostudyclimatechange”可知，南極洲在世界氣候中扮演著重要的角色，故選B。25．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。結(jié)合全文可知，文章提及了團(tuán)隊(duì)任務(wù)、遇到的困難和研究的重要性，但未涉及科考隊(duì)的組織架構(gòu)，故選A。26．A27．D28．C29．B30．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了中國(guó)江蘇省無(wú)錫市作為二胡的發(fā)源地，以及二胡的歷史、結(jié)構(gòu)和在現(xiàn)代音樂(lè)中的應(yīng)用。26．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第1段“WuxiCityineasternChina’sJiangsuProvinceisknownasthe‘Homeoftheerhu’becauseitisthebirthplaceofmanyerhumasters.”可知，無(wú)錫被稱為“二胡之鄉(xiāng)”是因?yàn)樗窃S多二胡大師的出生地。故選A。27．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第2段“TheerhuplaysaleadingroleinmanyChinesefolkorchestras(管弦樂(lè)隊(duì))justastheviolindoesinWesternorchestras”可知，二胡在中國(guó)民間管弦樂(lè)隊(duì)中扮演著重要的角色，就像小提琴在西方管弦樂(lè)隊(duì)中一樣。因此，“l(fā)eading”意為“非常重要的”。故選D。28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第3段“Theperformerusuallyholdstheerhustraightlyontheleg,...andpressingthestringswithhisfingers,whiledrawingthebowwithhisrighthand.”可知，演奏者通常將二胡直立放在腿上，左手按住琴弦，右手拉弓，此處介紹拉二胡的動(dòng)作，C項(xiàng)“用左手按住琴頸”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。29．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第1段“Theerhuwascalledthehuqinatfirst,amusicalinstrumentofethnicgroupsinnorthernChina,anditdatesmorethanathousandyearsbacktotheTangDynasty.”可知，二胡最初被稱為胡琴，距今已有1000多年的歷史，可追溯到唐朝。故選B。30．主旨大意題。全文主要介紹了二胡的歷史、結(jié)構(gòu)及其在現(xiàn)代音樂(lè)中的應(yīng)用，因此文章的主旨是對(duì)二胡的介紹。故選C。31．A32．C33．B34．E35．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了第15屆中國(guó)國(guó)際航空航天展覽會(huì)在珠海的舉辦情況。涵蓋了展覽會(huì)的歷史、重要性、飛行表演、商業(yè)活動(dòng)以及學(xué)生和家庭的參與等方面。31．根據(jù)“ManyvisitorsfromallovertheworldcametoZhuhaitoseetheairshow.”可知，此處在介紹展覽會(huì)的規(guī)模。選項(xiàng)A“這是中國(guó)最大的航展?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選A。32．根據(jù)“Fromthenon,ithasbecomeaveryimportantinternationalevent.”可知，此處在介紹航展的起始年份，選項(xiàng)C“第一屆珠海航展于1996年舉行?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選C。33．根據(jù)“OneofthemostexcitingpartsoftheZhuhaiAirshowwastheflightperformances.”可知，此處在介紹珠海航展飛行員們的表現(xiàn)，選項(xiàng)B“飛行員們展示了出色的飛行技能?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，故選B。34．根據(jù)“Thecompaniesfromaroundtheworldcameheretotradeorlookfortheirbusinesspartners.”可知，此處在介紹珠海航展的商業(yè)活動(dòng)，選項(xiàng)E“珠海航展也是一次重要的商業(yè)活動(dòng)?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選E。35．根據(jù)“Itcouldhelpthestudentsintheirfuturejobs.”可知，此處在介紹航展的幫助。選項(xiàng)D“他們還可以與一些工程師和飛行員交談?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，故選D。36．berebuilt【解析】句意：下個(gè)月我家鄉(xiāng)的那座舊橋?qū)⒈恢亟?。根?jù)“Theoldbridgeinmyhometownisgoingto…nextmonth.”及提示詞可知，此處表達(dá)那座舊橋?qū)⒈恢亟?，begoingtodosth.“打算做某事”，固定搭配，空處應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)begoingtobedone”，rebuild“重建”，動(dòng)詞。故填berebuilt。37．invention【解析】句意：高鐵是一項(xiàng)方便人們?cè)诖蟪鞘兄g旅行的偉大發(fā)明。invent“發(fā)明”，動(dòng)詞；分析句子成分可知，設(shè)空處需填寫(xiě)提示詞的名詞形式作表語(yǔ)，invention“發(fā)明”，a后接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。故填invention。38．wascovered【解析】句意：它在北京電視臺(tái)和北京廣播電視網(wǎng)絡(luò)上被現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播了。根據(jù)“It”是第三人稱單數(shù)且作為被直播的對(duì)象，可知此處應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，且描述的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，即“wascovered”。故填wascovered。39．tomark【解析】句意：Lily畫(huà)了幾個(gè)圓圈來(lái)標(biāo)記筆記本中的一些重要點(diǎn)。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式，在句子做目的狀語(yǔ)，句中“Lily畫(huà)了幾個(gè)圓圈”的目的是“標(biāo)記重點(diǎn)”，因此使用動(dòng)詞不定式“tomark”來(lái)表示目的，故填tomark。40．successfully【解析】句意：你越仔細(xì)，工作就越成功。根據(jù)題干可知是“the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)表示“越……，越……”。根據(jù)句意可知用副詞successfully“成功地”來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞done(do的過(guò)去分詞)。故填successfully。41．electronic【解析】句意：邁克爾25歲時(shí)成為了一名電子工程師。electronic“電子的”，形容詞作定語(yǔ)。故填electronic。42．interviewed【解析】句意：這個(gè)人在傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)粘土方面做得很好。他被電視臺(tái)采訪，這幫助更多的人了解了他。采訪：interview，動(dòng)詞；根據(jù)“...thathelpedmorepeoplelearnabouthim”可知，此處指的是被電視臺(tái)采訪，此處為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式。故填interviewed。43．covered/reported【解析】句意：結(jié)果將在何時(shí)何地現(xiàn)場(chǎng)報(bào)告？根據(jù)句子的主語(yǔ)“theresult”與“報(bào)道”之間屬于動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以需要使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，根據(jù)句中的“will”可知，空格所在句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：willbe+過(guò)去分詞?！皥?bào)道”對(duì)應(yīng)的英文cover和report，動(dòng)詞，其過(guò)去分詞為covered和reported。故填covered/reported。44．mastering【解析】句意：他認(rèn)為掌握第二外語(yǔ)是非常有用的。master“掌握”，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填動(dòng)名詞形式在從句中作主語(yǔ)。故填mastering。45．replaced【解析】句意：有些人認(rèn)為傳統(tǒng)銀行很快會(huì)被線上銀行取代。replace“取代”，與主語(yǔ)之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)“bedone”，故填replaced。46．wasinvited【解析】對(duì)比中英文可知，空處缺少“被邀請(qǐng)”；根據(jù)英文題干和漢語(yǔ)提示可知，主語(yǔ)“LiHua”和動(dòng)詞“invite”是被動(dòng)關(guān)系；又根據(jù)“Lastweek”可知，句子時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所以這里是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為was/weredone；主語(yǔ)為“LiHua”，be動(dòng)詞用was，動(dòng)詞invite的過(guò)去分詞為invited。故填was；invited。47．wasstopped【解析】“阻止”stop。主語(yǔ)Thefox與stop之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以擁被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，結(jié)合“Therabbitwassafeandhoppedawayhappily.”可知，時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)（was/weredone）。主語(yǔ)是Thefox，所以用was，后跟stopped。故填was；stopped。48．wasbuilt【解析】根據(jù)題干，缺少的信息為“修建”，此處主語(yǔ)“京杭大運(yùn)河”和“修建”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；因?yàn)榇耸掳l(fā)生在過(guò)去，所以要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用was，build的過(guò)去分詞是built。故填was；built。49．that/whichgive【解析】句子是定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞movies指物，用that或which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，“帶給”give，根據(jù)“prefers”可知用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，movies是復(fù)數(shù)，從句中謂語(yǔ)用動(dòng)詞原形。故填that/which；give。50．hadsuchagiftforactingwastakennoticeofbypeople【解析】根據(jù)中英文對(duì)照可知，空處缺“很有表演天賦”、“受到了人們的注意”的英文翻譯。根據(jù)“yesterday”可知句子是一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)是theoldlady，是第三人稱單數(shù)；havesuchagiftfor“對(duì)……很有天賦”，動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式had；acting“表演”；takenoticeof“注意”，動(dòng)詞與主語(yǔ)是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用wastakennoticeof；bypeople“被人們”。故填hadsuchagiftforacting；wastakennoticeofbypeople。51．a(chǎn)ppeared52．people’s53．shows54．new55．chosen56．One57．between58．meters59．will60．well【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了“攬?jiān)隆痹虑蛑懫骱汀皦?mèng)舟”載人飛船。51．句意：它首次出現(xiàn)在1965年已故的毛澤東主席寫(xiě)的一首詩(shī)中?？諆?nèi)缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)后面的“inapoem”可知，appear“出現(xiàn)”，根據(jù)“in1965”可知，時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)