03間讀理解詞句猜■題

命題趨勢(shì)簡(jiǎn)析

閱讀文章時(shí)，常常會(huì)遇到一些過(guò)去未見(jiàn)過(guò)的詞，但這類生詞的詞義大都可以通過(guò)上下文推斷出來(lái),這是閱

讀理解中經(jīng)常檢測(cè)的一種能力。詞句猜測(cè)題要求學(xué)生根據(jù)閱讀材料提供的信息,結(jié)合學(xué)習(xí)中積累的常識(shí)和經(jīng)

驗(yàn)對(duì)生詞的含義、熟詞生義和短語(yǔ)、句子的含義加以猜測(cè)，以及對(duì)代詞的指代對(duì)象準(zhǔn)確定位。命題人要求猜

測(cè)詞義的詞一般是實(shí)詞及其詞組。

詞句猜測(cè)題傾向于從以下方面進(jìn)行考查：

(1)考查對(duì)語(yǔ)篇針對(duì)性的解釋的信息的挖掘：針對(duì)性解釋是作者為了更好的表達(dá)思想，在文章中對(duì)一

些重要的概念、難懂的術(shù)語(yǔ)或高深的詞匯等所做的通俗化的解釋。這些解釋提供的信息明確具體，所使用

的語(yǔ)言通俗易懂，利用它們來(lái)猜測(cè)詞義就非常簡(jiǎn)單。例如，如果生詞有一個(gè)句子或段落來(lái)定義，那么理解

這個(gè)句子或段落本身就是推斷詞義。再如，雖然復(fù)述不如定義那樣嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、詳細(xì)，但是它提供的信息可以為

閱讀者猜測(cè)詞義提供依據(jù)，至少讀者可以根據(jù)復(fù)述猜測(cè)生詞的大致“義域”(意義范圍)。復(fù)述部分可以是詞、

短語(yǔ)、或從句。

(2)考查對(duì)詞句內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系的理解：根據(jù)內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系推測(cè)詞義是指應(yīng)用語(yǔ)言知識(shí)分析和判斷相關(guān)信

息之間存在的邏輯關(guān)系，然后根據(jù)邏輯聯(lián)系推斷生詞詞義或大致義域。例如，在一個(gè)句子或段落中，有對(duì)

兩個(gè)事物或現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行對(duì)比性的描述，我們可以根據(jù)生詞的反義詞猜測(cè)其詞義。表示對(duì)比關(guān)系的詞匯和短語(yǔ)

主要有:unlike,not,but,however,despite,inspiteof,incontrast等。表示對(duì)比關(guān)系的句子結(jié)構(gòu)：while引導(dǎo)的

并列句。再如，同對(duì)比關(guān)系相反，比較關(guān)系表示意義上的相似關(guān)系。表示比較關(guān)系的詞和短語(yǔ)主要有:similarly,

like,justas,also,aswellas等。

題型特征總覽

詞句猜測(cè)題基本上是閱讀理解每年必考的題型。閱讀文章時(shí)，常常會(huì)遇到一些過(guò)去未見(jiàn)過(guò)的詞，但這

類生詞的詞義大都可以通過(guò)上下文推斷出來(lái)，這是閱讀理解中經(jīng)常檢測(cè)的一種能力。

(一)命題方式

(l)Thephrase"inthesentencecouldbereplacedby.

(2)Thewordintheparagraphrefersto.

(3)Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordintheparagraph?AVhatdoestheunderlinedwordmean?

(4)Whichofthefollowingistheclosestinmeaningtothephrase"…”？

(5)Theword"...”mostnearlymeans.

(6)Theunderlinedsentenceinthesecondparagraphimpliesthat.

(二)考查角度

(1)猜測(cè)生詞或熟詞生義；

(2)猜測(cè)短語(yǔ)的意義；

(3)猜測(cè)替代詞所替代的內(nèi)容(如it,one,they,this,that,these,those等)；

(4)猜測(cè)句意。

(三)解答技巧

考生除了必須熟練掌握大綱中規(guī)定的詞匯外，要注意積累生詞和短語(yǔ)，掌握構(gòu)詞法的知識(shí)，還要學(xué)會(huì)根據(jù)上

下文語(yǔ)境進(jìn)行合理推測(cè)，掌握一定的做題技巧。常見(jiàn)的技巧有：

(1)利用例證進(jìn)行猜測(cè)

(2)利用邏輯關(guān)系進(jìn)行猜測(cè)

(3)利用同位關(guān)系進(jìn)行猜測(cè)

(4)利用上下文的指代關(guān)系進(jìn)行猜測(cè)

(5)利用構(gòu)詞法進(jìn)行猜測(cè)

(6)利用同義或近義關(guān)系進(jìn)行猜測(cè)

(7)利用反義、轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系進(jìn)行猜測(cè)

題型突破攻略

詞義猜測(cè)題的解答需要考生根據(jù)詞、詞組、句子所在的語(yǔ)境上下文來(lái)判斷其意義。因此熟練掌握一些

猜詞技巧是做好這類題的關(guān)鍵。命題者在出這類題時(shí)慣用常規(guī)詞義來(lái)麻痹考生，我們要特別注意熟詞生義，

切不可脫離語(yǔ)境主觀臆斷。

1.構(gòu)詞法猜詞

閱讀中常常會(huì)遇到一些由熟悉的單詞派生或合成的新詞。掌握構(gòu)詞法對(duì)猜測(cè)詞義很有幫助。如：

unforeseeable.這個(gè)詞，可以根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法把它拆成un,fore,see,able；其中see是詞根，fore是“先，前，預(yù)''

的含義，un是否定,able是“能...的，可....的”,因此unforeseeable是“未能預(yù)見(jiàn)到的“意思。

【典例示例】

...Bakerconcludesthatpeopledonothavetheabilitytosensewhenthey'rebeingstaredat.Ifpeopledoubt

theoutcomeofhistwoexperiments,saidBaker,4tIsuggesttheyrepeattheexperimentsandseefor

themselves.9,...

70.Theunderlinedword“outcome“inthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans.

A.valueB.result

C.performanceD.connection

【答案】B

【解析】運(yùn)用“構(gòu)詞法”進(jìn)行猜測(cè)。動(dòng)詞詞組comeout的意義為“露出、出現(xiàn)、顯露出“。再根據(jù)句子的語(yǔ)境，

可猜測(cè)出其意義是：（實(shí)驗(yàn)的）結(jié)果。

2.利用同義近義詞猜詞

在生詞所出現(xiàn)的上下文中，有時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)與之同義或近義的詞語(yǔ)或結(jié)構(gòu)，這時(shí)可從熟悉的詞語(yǔ)中推知生

詞的含義。統(tǒng)稱在詞或短語(yǔ)之間有并列連詞and或or,這些詞語(yǔ)或短語(yǔ)在句中作相同的成分，并且and或

or連接的兩項(xiàng)內(nèi)容在含義上是接近的或遞進(jìn)的，由此確定同等關(guān)系中的某個(gè)生詞所屬的義域，甚至推出它

的大致詞義。

【典例示例】

...FermafsLastTheorem（定理）,firstputforwardbytheFrenchmathematicianPierredeFermatinthe

seventeenthcentury,thetheoremhadbaffledandbeatenthefinestmathematicalminds,includingaFrenchwoman

scientistswhomadeamajoradvanceinworkingouttheproblem,andwhohadtodresslikeamaninordertobe

abletostudyattheEcolePolytechnique....

65.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainsthemeaningoftheword“baffle“asitisusedinthetext?

A.Toencouragepeopletoraisequestions.

B.Tocausedifficultyinunderstanding.

C.Toprovideapersonwithanexplanation.

D.Tolimitpeople'simagination.

【答案】B

【解析】由句中不難看出Fermat的定理使得最具有數(shù)學(xué)頭腦的科學(xué)家絞盡腦汁（beat）,并且在句中beaten

和baffled處于同等的并列關(guān)系，根據(jù)這一信息可以推出baffle表示“使困惑、難倒、難以理解”的意思。

3.利用反義詞猜詞

對(duì)比是描述，說(shuō)明事物的常用方式。在對(duì)比中，對(duì)比的事物是互為相反的，因此根據(jù)反義或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系

可從已知推出未知。利用反義詞來(lái)說(shuō)明生詞的意義，如反義詞hotandcold,perfectandimperfect,甚至前、

后句為肯定與否定或是與不是等，在句內(nèi)詞與詞之間，在段內(nèi)句與句之間的關(guān)系上起著互為線索的作用。

【典例示例】

...Achild'sbirthdaypartydoesn'thavetobeahassle;itcanbeabasketoffun,accordingtoBethAnaclerio,an

Evastonmotheroftwo,ages4and18months....

74.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"hassle“probablymean?

A.Apartydesignedbyspecialists.

B.Aplanrequiringcarefulthought.

C.Asituationcausingdifficultyortrouble.

D.Ademandmadebyguests.

【答案】c

【解析】根據(jù)前句的否定doesn't與后句的肯定canbe這一對(duì)比關(guān)系，可以判斷出，為了慶祝孩子的生日，

又不至于麻煩，可以買(mǎi)一個(gè)生日開(kāi)心包。Hassle的意思應(yīng)該與fun相反，而與difficulty,trouble相近。答案

為C。

4.利用上下文語(yǔ)境猜詞

任何一篇文章中的句子在內(nèi)容上都不是絕對(duì)孤立的，都跟句子所在的段落及整整篇文章有關(guān)。利用上

下文提供的情景和線索，進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的綜合分析進(jìn)而推測(cè)詞義，是閱讀過(guò)程中的一大關(guān)鍵，這也是近年

來(lái)高考考查的熱點(diǎn)。

【典例示例】【2019?天津卷，D】

WouldyouBETonthefutureofthisman?Heis53yearsold.Mostofhisadultlifehasbeenalosingstruggle

againstdebtandmisfortune.Awarinjuryhasmadehislefthandstopfunctioning,andhehasoftenbeeninprison.

Drivenbyheaven-knows-whatmotives,hedeterminestowriteabook.

Thebookturnsouttobeonethathasappealedtotheworldformorethan350years.Thatformerprisonerwas

Cervantes,andthebookwasDonQuixote（《堂吉訶德》）.Andthestoryposesaninterestingquestion:whydosome

peoplediscovernewvitalityandcreativitytotheendoftheirdays,whileothersgotoseedlongbefore?

We'veallknownpeoplewhonmoutofsteambeforetheyreachlife'shalfwaymark.Tmnottalkingaboutthose

whofailtogettothetop.Wecan'tallgetthere.I'mtalkingaboutpeoplewhohavestoppedlearningongrowing

becausetheyhaveadoptedthefixedattitudesandopinionsthatalltoooftencomewithpassingyears.

52.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph3probablymean?

A.Endone'sstruggleforliberty.

B.Wasteone'senergytakingrisks.

C.Misstheopportunitytosucceed.

D.Losetheinteresttocontinuelearning.

【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文屬于議論文，講述要成功，就需要不斷的學(xué)習(xí)，這樣的生活才會(huì)有意義。

52.D

［解析］詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段rmtalkingaboutpeoplewhohavestoppedlearningongrowingbecausethey

haveadoptedthefixedattitudesandopinionsthatalltoooftencomewithpassingyears.故可知，作者談?wù)摰牟皇?/p>

那些沒(méi)有到達(dá)巔峰的人，而是談?wù)撃切┎辉賹W(xué)習(xí)成長(zhǎng)的人，故可知runoutofsteam可知，停止學(xué)習(xí)，故選D。

5.利用定義和解釋猜詞

有些文章，特別是科技文章，通常會(huì)對(duì)一些關(guān)鍵詞給予定義，我們可以利用定義來(lái)猜測(cè)這些詞的意思。

釋義法就是根據(jù)文章中的字里行間，對(duì)生詞以定語(yǔ)（從句）、表語(yǔ)甚至用逗號(hào)、破折號(hào)等標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)引出并加

以解釋說(shuō)明的方式。

【典例示例】

“Organicproduceisalwaysbetter,9,Goldsaid."Thefoodisfreeofpesticides（農(nóng)藥），andyouaregenerally

supportingfamilyfarmsinsteadoflargefarms.Andmoreoftenthannotitislocally（本地）grownandseasonal,so

itismoretasty."Goldisoneofagrowingnumberofshoppersbuyingintotheorganictrend,andsupermarkets

acrossBritainarecountingonmorelikehimastheygrowtheirorganicfoodbusiness.

62.Whatisthemeaningof"theorganictrend^^asthewordsareusedinthetext?

A.Growinginterestinorganicfood.

B.Betterqualityoforganicfood.

C.Risingmarketfororganicfood.

D.Higherpricesoforganicfood.

【答案】A

［角軍析］由Goldisoneofagrowingnumberofshoppersbuyingsomething可以推斷出，越來(lái)越多的顧客像Gold

一樣開(kāi)始購(gòu)買(mǎi)有機(jī)食物，其實(shí)也就是對(duì)這類食物產(chǎn)生了越來(lái)越濃厚的興趣。答案為A。

6.根據(jù)語(yǔ)義轉(zhuǎn)折猜詞

有時(shí)文章的作者為了增強(qiáng)表達(dá)效果，會(huì)用一些含有表示意思轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞，副詞或短語(yǔ)。如：though,

although,still,but,yet,instead,insteadof,however,while,onthecontrary,ontheotherhand,unlike,ratherthan,

foronething,foranother等，我們可以根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折意思猜測(cè)詞義。

【典例示例】

...Howeverobviousthesefactsmayappearatfirstglance,theyareactuallynotsoobviousastheyseem

exceptwhenwetakespecialpainstothinkaboutthesubject.

71.InParagraph3,“takespecialpains^^probablymeans"

A.tryveryhardB.takeourtime

C.areveryunhappyD.feelespeciallypainful

【答案析】A

【解析】由However從句當(dāng)中的atfirstglance（乍一眼看上去），與下文中的takespecialpains進(jìn)行對(duì)比，

既然不是一眼就看出那么簡(jiǎn)單，那么自然要費(fèi)力去想了。由此可以推斷出A項(xiàng)為最佳選項(xiàng)。

7.利用經(jīng)驗(yàn)和常識(shí)猜詞

【典例示例】

...“Iwasonthewaytoapersonal-injuryaccidentinWestNashville.AsIgotontoHighway40,bluelights

andsirens（警笛）going,IfellinbehindagoldPontiacFirebirdthatsuddenlyseemedtotakeoffquicklydownthe

highway.Thedriversomehowpanickedatthesightofme.Hewasgoingmorethanahundredmilesanhourand

beganpassingcarsontheshoulder.^^

63.Themeaningof“panicked"inParagraph2isrelatedto.

A.shameB.hateC.angerD.fear

【答案】D

【解析】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容描述，可以知道panicked意思是“驚慌”，相當(dāng)于fear。

名校資源學(xué)練

1

（2023?廣東?華南師大附中南海實(shí)驗(yàn)高中校考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Badnewssells.Ifitbleeds,itleads.Nonewsis

goodnews,andgoodnewsisnonews.Thosearetheclassicrulesfortheeveningbroadcastsandthemorning

papers.Butnowthatinformationisbeingspreadandmonitored（監(jiān)控）indifferentways,researchersare

discoveringnewrules.Bytrackingpeople'se-mailsandonlineposts,scientistshavefoundthatgoodnewscan

spreadfasterandfartherthandisastersandsobstories.

“The'ifitbleeds'ruleworksformassmedia,“saysJonahBerger,ascholarattheUniversityofPennsylvania.

“Theywantyoureyeballsanddon'tcarehowyou'refeeling.Butwhenyoushareastorywithyourfriends,you

carealotmorehowtheyreact.Youdon'twantthemtothinkofyouasaDebbieDowner.9,

Researchersanalyzingword-of-mouthcommunication——e-mails,Webpostsandreviews,face-to-face

conversations-foundthatittendedtobemorepositivethannegative（消極的），butthatdidn'tnecessarilymean

peoplepreferredpositivenews.Waspositivenewssharedmoreoftensimplybecausepeopleexperiencedmore

goodthingsthanbadthings?Totestforthatpossibility,Dr.Bergerlookedathowpeoplespreadaparticularsetof

newsstories:thousandsofarticlesonTheNewYorkTimes9website.HeandaPenncolleagueanalyzedthe"most

e-mailed^^listforsixmonths.Oneofhisfirstfindingswasthatarticlesinthesciencesectionweremuchmore

likelytomakethelistthannon-sciencearticles.HefoundthatscienceamazedTimes'readersandmadethemwant

tosharethispositivefeelingwithothers.

Readersalsotendedtosharearticlesthatwereexcitingorfunny,orthatinspirednegativefeelingslikeanger

oranxiety,butnotarticlesthatleftthemmerelysad.Theyneededtobearoused（激發(fā)）onewayortheother,and

theypreferredgoodnewstobad.Themorepositiveanarticle,themorelikelyitwastobeshared,asDr.Berger

explainsinhisnewbook,"'Contagious:WhyThingsCatchOn.^^

1.Whatdotheclassicrulesmentionedinthetextapplyto?

A.Newsreports.B.Researchpapers.

C.Privatee-mails.D.Dailyconversations.

2.WhatcanweinferaboutpeoplelikeDebbieDowner?

A.They'resociallyinactive.

B.They'regoodattellingstories.

C.They'reinconsiderateofothers.

D.They'recarefulwiththeirwords.

3.Whichtendedtobethemoste-mailedaccordingtoDr.Berger?sresearch?

A.Sportsnew.B.Sciencearticles.

C.Personalaccounts.D.Financialreviews.

4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.SadStoriesTravelFarandWide

B.OnlineNewsAttractsMorePeople

C.ReadingHabitsChangewiththeTimes

D.GoodNewsBeatsBadonSocialNetworks

2

（2023?吉林長(zhǎng)春?高三?？茧A段練習(xí)）Haveyoueverbeenfacedwithtryingtostaypositivewhenothers

aroundyouarenegative?Anegativepersoncanbringyoudownandthrowyourpositiveplansoutofthewindow.

Whetheryoudealwithafamilymember,friendorco-workerwhoisnegative,therearethingsyoucandotoremain

positiveinthefaceofnegativity?

Whateveryoudo,don'targuewithanegativeperson.Arguingonlyaddsfueltothefire.Ihavenoticedwhen

mychildrenarecrabby,itisbesttoavoidtryingtoconvincethemtoanalyzeandadjusttheirattitude.AssoonasI

taketheapproachofbeinginoppositiontothem,thesituationgetsworsebeforeitgetsbetter.Sometimesthebest

thingtodoisremainsilentandletnegativitypass.

Youknowhowdifficultitcanbetogiveloveandpositiveattentiontonegativepeople.Unfortunately,thatis

oftenexactlywhattheyneed.Anegativepersonisusuallyafraidheisunlovable.Howdoyoushowlovewhen

someoneisnegative?Youmustlistentowhatheistryingtotellyou.Acknowledgethefeelingshehasbysaying

somethinglike,6tYousoundveryangryrightnow.^^Howmightyouhelpanegativeperson?Offerahugevenifyou

getrejected.Anegativepersonoftenhasdifficultyacceptinglovefromothers.

Ifyouhavenegativepeopleonyourlifewhoareaffectingyourmentalandphysicalhealth,youneedtodecide

whetherornotyouwantthesepeopleinyourlife.Somepeoplearesonegativethatyouhavenootherchoicebutto

removethemfromyourlife.However,somepeople,suchasyourchildren,aredifficulttoremovefromyourlife,in

thiscase,professionalcounseling（咨詢）maybetheanswer.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“crabby“inPara.2mean?

A.Quiteexcited.B.Verylonely.

C.Easilyannoyed.D.Highlyoptimistic.

6.WhafsthemainideaofPara.3?

A.Negativepeopleneedcare.

B.Negativepeoplemakeushappy..

C.Negativepeoplecanbehurteasily.

D.Negativepeoplearehardtogetalongwith.

7.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestdoing?

A.Focusingonpositivethings.

B.Tryingtochangenegativethoughts.

C.Controllingourownnegativethoughts.

D.Stayingawayfromsomenegativepeople.

8.Inwhichsectionofamagazinecanwemostprobablyreadthetext?

A.HealthB.Relationships

C.LifestylesD.Entertainment.

3

（2023?內(nèi)蒙古阿拉善盟?統(tǒng)考一模）Somepeoplethinkthatsuccessisonlyforthosewithtalentorthosewho

growupintherightfamily,andothersbelievethatsuccessmostlycomesdowntoluck.I'mnotgoingtosayluck,

talent,andcircumstancesdon'tcomeintoplaybecausetheydo.Somepeoplearebornintotherightfamilywhile

othersarebomwithgreatintelligence,andthafsjusttherealityofhowlifeis.

However,tosucceedinlife,onefirstneedstosetagoalandthengraduallymakeitmorepractical.And,in

additiontothat,inordertogetreallygoodatsomething,oneneedstospendatleast10,000hoursstudyingand

practicing.Tobecomegreatatcertainthings,it'llrequireevenmoretime,timethatmostpeoplewon'tputin.

Thisisabigreasonwhymanysuccessfulpeopleadviseyoutodosomethingyoulove.Ifyoudon'tenjoywhat

youdo,itisgoingtofeellikeunbearablepainandwilllikelymakeyouquitwellbeforeyoueverbecomegoodat

it.

Whenyouseepeopleexhibitingsomegreatskillsorhavingachievedgreatsuccess,youknowthattheyhave

putinahugepartoftheirlifetogetthereatahugecost.It'ssometimeseasytothinktheygotluckyortheywere

bomwithsomeraretalent,butthinkingthatwaydoesyounogood,andthere'sahugechancethatyou'rewrong

anyway.

Whateveryoudo,ifyouwanttobecomegreatatit,youneedtoworkdayinanddayout,almosttothepoint

ofaddiction,andoveralongperiodoftime.Ifyou'renotwillingtoputinthetimeandwork,don'texpectto

receiveanyrewards.Consistenthardworkwon'tensureyouthelevelofsuccessyoumaywant,butitwillensure

thatyouwillbecomereallygoodatwhateveritisyouputallthatworkinto.

9.Paragraph1mainlytalksabout.

A.themeaningofsuccessB.thereasonsforsuccess

C.thestandardsofsuccessD.theimportanceofsuccess

10.InParagraph2,theunderlinedword"that"refersto.

A.settingapracticalgoalB.beinggoodatsomething

C.puttinginmoretimeD.succeedinginlife

11.Successfulpeoplesuggestdoingwhatonelovesbecause.

A.ittakesalotoftimetosucceed

B.workmakesonefeelpain

C.onegivesuphisworkeasily

D.onetendstoenjoyhiswork

12.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph4?

A.Successfulpeopleliketoshowtheirgreatskills.

B.Peoplesometimessucceedwithoutluckortalent.

C.Peopleneedtoachievesuccessatthecostoflife.

D.Ithelpstothinkthatluckortalentleadstosuccess.

4

（2023秋?湖北黃石?高三校聯(lián)考期末）Theword"sport"firstmeantsomethingthatpeopledidintheirfree

time.Lateritoftenmeanthuntingwildanimalsandbirds.Aboutahundredyearsagothewordwasfirstusedfor

organizedgames.Thisistheusualmeaningofthewordtoday.Peoplespendalotoftimeplayingfootball,

basketball,tennisandmanyothersports.Suchpeopleplaybecausetheyleantto.Afewpeoplearepaidforsport

theyplay.Thesepeoplearecalledprofessionalsportsmen.Theymaybesportsmenforonlyafewyears,butduring

thattimethebestonescanearnalotofmoney.Forexample,aprofessionalfootballplayerinEnglandearnsmore

than300,000dollarsayear.Thestarsearnalotmore.Internationalgolfandtennischampionscanmakemorethan

500,000dollarsayear.Ofcourse,onlyafewsportsmencanearnasmuchasthat.

Perhapsthemostsurprisingthingaboutsportsmenandmoneyisthatthestarscanearnmoremoneyfrom

advertisingthanfromsports.Anadvertisementforsportsequipmentdoesnotsimplymean,"Buyourthings^^.It

says,“Buythesameshirtandshoesas...^^Famoussportsmencanevenadvertisethingslikewatchesandfood.

Theyallowthecompaniestousetheirnamesoraphotoofthemandtheyarepaidforthis.Sportisnolongerjust

somethingforpeople'ssparetime.

13.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat

A.famouspeoplespendtoomuchmoneyandtimeonsports

B.thedevelopmentofsportsisslowerthananyotheractivity

C.mostpeopleenjoysportsbecausetheycanearnalotofmoney

D.nowsportsisnotonlyanamusementforpeople

14.Inthispassage"'professionalsportsmen^^meanspeople"

A.whoteachothershowtomakemoneyinsports

B.whotakesportsastheirjobs

C.whoareveryfondofsports

D.whoteachothersportsmenhowtoplaysports

15.Now,the“sport“means_.

A.whatmostofthepeopledointheirsparetime

B.huntingwildanimalsandbirdsintheforests

C.organizedgames

D.somethingthatpeoplearepaidto

16.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?

A.Mostpeopleplaysportsonlyformoney.

B.Thosewhoplaysportsearnmorethanthosewhodonot.

C.Peopleplaysportsfordifferentpurposes.

D.Thosewhoplaysportswanttokeepstrongandfit.

5

（2023秋?廣東深圳?高三統(tǒng)考期末）Ontheoutside,12-year-oldLunaseemslikeyouraveragekid.It'snot

untilyougettoknowherthatyoulearnthatLunaisanythingbutaverage.

Bomwithaheartdefect（缺陷）calleddextrocardia,Lunahashadthreeopen-heartoperationsandcontinuesto

pursueherinterestsinartandfashion.ButwhenLunawasapproachedbyathleticshoecompanySauconytodesign

ashoeforsaleacrossthecountry,itcameasquiteasurprise.

“Thisissoincredible.IgottousemyartandcreativityforsomethingnewthatPdneverthoughtI'dbeableto

design,64Lunasaid.SheisoneofsixpatientsfromBostonChildren'sHospital（BCH）whohavepartneredwith

SauconytodesigntheirownshoetolaunchtheShoeswithSoulcampaign.

“Ratherthanjustadonation,wewantedtocreateanexperienceandamomentthatwouldnotonlyraise

money,butalsoawarenesstohighlightalltheamazingworkthafsbeingdoneatBCH,“saysChris,Saucony*svice

president.""Specifically,wewantedtogivesomeoftheBCHkidsanopportunitytosharetheirstoryandtheir

talentswiththeworld.9,

Luna'sdesignisfashion.uOnthetongue,theydigitalizedoneofmydrawings,andthenonbottomit*sareally

brightpinkcolor,andontheinside,thesoleoftheshoeisactuallyanotherdrawingIdidofasunset,64shesaid.

"Thinkingaboutkidseverywherearoundtheworldwearingmyshoeisamazing.Itblowsmymind.”

TheincomefromtheshoesaleswillbenefittheBostonChildren'sHospitalCardiacFitnessProgram,which

encourageskidsto"findyourpossible**throughpersonalizedexerciseprogramstailoredforeachindividual

patient*sheartcondition.

“Itfeelsreallygoodtohelppeopleandit*sreallysomethingIcanrelateto,“saysLuna."TheadviceIwould

giveakidorsomeonelikemeisnevergiveup.Therearealotofkidsouttherewithyourconditionandyou'renot

alone.^^

17.WhatcanwelearnfromChris*words?

A.It'sunwisetoraisemoney.

B.It'soptionaltoseekdonations.

C.It'swonderfultostudyart.

D.It'snecessarytoshowkids*talents.

18.WhatdoesLunameanby"Itblowsmymind"inparagraph5?

A.I'moveijoyed.B.['mveryserious.

C.Mymindgoesblank.D.Mymindisracing.

19.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLuna?

A.Giftedanddetermined.B.Generousandserious.

C.Gratefulandhelpful.D.Creativeandsensitive.

20.Whatisthetextmainlyintendedtodo?

A.Tellusastoryofadisabledgirl.

B.Setagoodexampletothedisabled.

C.LaunchSaucony*snewbrandshoes.

D.Introduceacampaignwithkidpatients.

6

（2023春?四川綿陽(yáng)?高三四川省綿陽(yáng)南山中學(xué)校考開(kāi)學(xué)考試）AmusictalentshowlaunchedbyMangoTV

hascaughttheattentionofdomesticTVchannelviewersrecently.Thisentertainmentprogram,whoseChinese

nametranslatesto"SistersWhoBraveWindsandWaves”,invited30establishedactressesintheirthirties,putthem

upinanapartmentwheretheycompetedagainsteachotherandthenselectedfiveamongthemtoformanewstar

group.

Whileyounghopefulsarecommonlyconsideredtobetheprotagonistsofmusictalentshow,"SistersWho

BraveWindsandWaves,,turnsouttobeanoutlier.Apartfromshowcasingfemalestarsmusicaltalent,thisshow

triestodeliverapositivemessagethatageshouldnotbethebarrierforfemaleentertainerstochasetheirdreams.

Therealitythatmostfemaleentertainershaveashort"shelfliffe“needstobechanged.

AttractedbytheuniquethemeofMangoTV'snewshow,manyChineseviewersweredesperatefortheshow's

debut.Thefirstepisodeairedlastweekreceived10millionviewswithinthefirst20minutes.Followingtheinitial

success,MangoExcellentMedia'sstockrosebynearly9%onFridayandanother7%onMonday.Thecompany's

marketvaluehasnowsurpassed100billionyuan($14billion).

Thevalueofthisshowwasnotonlyrecognizedbythemarket,butalsothemajorityofChineseviewers.Many

netizensmadegoodcommentsonthenewshowasitencouragedthemtoexploretheirinnerpotentialnomatter

howoldtheyare.Onewrote,6tOfcourse,youngstarsintheirlateteensandearly20sarebeautiful.ButIfeelmore

impressedbythesecelebritiesovertheageof30.“Shewentontosaythattheirconfidenceandambitionmake

themshine,andthatageisjustanumber.

TheMangoTV'snewshowcomesasawelcomerelief,whichdemonstratesthatcharmandambitionisnot

limitedtotheyoungage.Infact,suchageequalityshouldextendtoallprofessionstoensurethatpeoplewithall

agescouldbetreatedequallyinpursuitoftheircareergoals.

21.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“outlier“inparagraph2mean?

A.Surprise.B.Success.

C.Failure.D.Exception.

22.HowdidtheentertainmentmarketreactafterMangoTV'snewshowwasreleased?

A.Thecompany'smarketvaluehasnowexceeded14billiondollars.

B.MangoExcellentMedia'sstockrosebynearly16%overtheweekend.

C.Nearly10millionviewerswatchedthefirstepisodewithinthefirsthour.

D.Thedebutofthenewshowdidnotaffectthecompany*smarketvalue.

23.Whatdoweknowfromthenetizen'scommentonthenewlyreleasedshow?

A.Shethinksyoungcelebritiesarenotattractivetotheaudience.

B.SheholdstheviewthatMangoTV'snewshowisconventional.

C.Shebelievescharmcouldmakethecelebritiesshinenomattertheirage.

D.Shecomplainsaboutagediscriminationintheentertainmentindustry.

24.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?

A.He/Sheaimstopursegenderequality.

B.He/Sheprotestsagainstagediscrimination.

C.He/Sheisafanofmusicalshows.

D.He/Shedreamsaboutbeinganactor/actress.

7

（2023春?四川成都?高三樹(shù)德中學(xué)?？奸_(kāi)學(xué)考試）

RoundandRoundTheyGo

Spaceisbecomingmorecrowded.Quiteafewlow-Earth-orbit（LEO）satelliteshavebeenlaunchedintothe

sky,whicharedesignedtomovearoundtheEarthonlyafewhundredkilometresaboveitssurface.SpaceXand

OneWebplantolaunchLEOsatellitesintheirthousands,nothundreds,todoublethetotalnumberofsatellitesin

orbit（軌道）by2027.

ThatpromisestochangethingsonEarth.LEOsatellitescanbringInternetconnectivitytoplaceswhereitis

stillunavailable.Thiswillalsobeasourceofnewdemandforthespaceeconomy.MorganStanley,abank,projects

thatthespaceindustrywillgrowfrom$350billionin2016tomorethan$1.1trillionby2040.NewInternet

satelliteswillaccountforhalfthisincrease.

Forthattohappen,however,threeworriesmustbeovercome.Debris（碎片）isthemostfamiliarconcern.

Whenenoughsatelliteswerepackedintolow-Earthorbits,anycollision（碰撞）couldcauseachainreactionwhich

wouldeventuallydestroyallspaceships.Onesolutionistograbthesatelliteswithproblemsandpullthemdown

intotheEarth?satmosphere.Anotheristomonitorspacemorecloselyfordebris.Buttechnologyisonlypartofthe

answer.Rulesareneededtodealwitholdsatellitessafelyfromlow-Earthorbits.

Cyber（網(wǎng)絡(luò)的）-securityisasecond,long-standingworry.Hackers（黑客）couldtakecontrolofasatelliteand

stealintellectualproperty,redirectdataflowsorcauseacollision.Thesatelliteindustryhasbeenslowtorespondto

suchconcerns.Butasmoreoftheworld'spopulationcomestorelyonthespaceforaccesstotheInternet,theneed

foractionwillintensify.Measureswillsurelybetakentoprotectnetworksecurity.

Thethirdissuefollowsfromthefirsttwo.Ifthereisasimple