第15講Module7語法篇

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)

一、?英語語態(tài)有主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)兩種。主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，叫主動(dòng)語態(tài)。

如：Wecleantheclassroom.我們打掃教室。,主語是動(dòng)作的承受者，叫被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

如：Theclassroomiscleaned（byus）.教室被（我們）打掃。

二、被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+（by+賓語）

?其中by意為“被,,,,；由,，廣，表動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。

如：Theglassisbrokenbythatboy.玻璃杯是那個(gè)男孩打破的。

?be有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化，其肯定式、否定式、疑問式的變化規(guī)則與be作為連系動(dòng)詞時(shí)完全一

樣。

如：Englishiswidelyspokenaroundtheworld.（肯定式）

Englishisnotwidelyspokenaroundtheworld.（否定式）

IsEnglishwidelyspokenaroundtheworld?（疑問式）Yes,itis./No,itisn't.

三、被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法：

?在沒有指明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者或者不知道動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者的情況下可用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

如：Thiscoatismadeofcotton.這件大衣是棉制的。

?要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者而不是執(zhí)行者時(shí)，用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

如：Herbikeisstolen.她的自行車被偷了。

四、主、被動(dòng)語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換:

第1頁

主動(dòng)語態(tài)：主語+及物動(dòng)詞謂語動(dòng)詞+賓語（+其它）

被動(dòng)語態(tài)：主語+be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+by+賓語(+其它)注意：

1.主動(dòng)、被動(dòng)互轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變，但有人稱和數(shù)的變化。

?主動(dòng)句的主語是代詞的主格形式，變成被動(dòng)態(tài)by的賓語時(shí)，要用賓格形式。?主動(dòng)句的賓語是

代詞的賓格形式，變成被動(dòng)時(shí)，要轉(zhuǎn)換為主格。

如：⑴Peoplegrowriceinthesouth.Riceisgrown(bypeople)inthesouth.

(2)Shetakescareofthebaby.Thebabyistakencareof(byher).

2.含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+(by+賓語)

如：Theworkcanbedone.這項(xiàng)工作很容易做。

Otherplanetsmaybevisitedinthefuture.將來其他的星球也會(huì)有人登陸。

3.主動(dòng)句中的賓語補(bǔ)足語如果是不帶to的不定式，在變被動(dòng)句時(shí)，要加上to.使役動(dòng)詞

make/have/letsbdosth及感官動(dòng)詞see/hear/feel/noticesbtodosth如：

theyheardagirlsinginthenextroom(bythem).

—>agirlwasheardtosinginthenextroom(bythem).

被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)：

肯定句：主語+am/is/are+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+(by+人代賓格)+其他

eg.Englishisstudied(byus)everyday.

否定句：：主語+am/is/are+not+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+(by+人代賓格)+其他

eg.Englishisnotstudied(byus)everyday.

疑問句：IsEnglishnotstudied(byus)everyday.?

特殊疑問句：What/Where/When+am/is/are+主語+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+其他？

1.Everyyearmillionsoftreestopreventflood,droughtsandsandstorms.

A.plantB.areplantedC.areplantingD.wereplanted

2.ThebeautifulkitewasmadeUncleWang.

A.inB.byC.atD.to

第2頁

3.——Don'tyouseethesign"NoParking!5,ontheright?

一Sorry,Ididn't.ButnowIknowparkinghere.

A.wasn'tallowedB.isn'tallowedC.won'tallowD.doesn,tallow

4.Thechildren__________bythenurse.

AwerelookedB.lookafterC.arelookedafterDlookedafter

5.—theInternetinyourschool?

——Yes,butthecomputerinourofficehasbrokendown.

AIs,usedBIs,usingCHas,usedD.Does,use

解析：

l.B由時(shí)間狀語everyyear可知用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)；主語trees是動(dòng)作plant“種植”的承受者，因此用被

動(dòng)語態(tài)。

2.Bby用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)，表示動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者里得到一份不好的成績單，我不驚訝。分析選項(xiàng)可知B

項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.B考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，選B

4.Clookafter照顧，照料。孩子們被照料，用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。選C

5.A以為因特網(wǎng)被使用，用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，beused.選A

基礎(chǔ)演練

I用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

l.Thestudentsoften(ask)toobeytherules.

2.1'mvery(please)tohearthenews.

3.Oneofmy(neighbor)isfromNorthChina.

4.Areyou(surprise)toseeyouroldfriendonthestreet?

5.TheAdventuresofTomSawyeris(think)tobeoneofthegreatestAmericanstories.

6.Thestoriesinthenewspaper(write)byafamouswriter.

第3頁

n.單選選擇

1.Expertstomakesuggestionstohelphimdevelop.

A.willinviteB.areinvitedC.haveinvited

2.HanHan'sbooksarepopular.Theybymanyteenagers.

A.arereadingB.arereadC.wereread

3.—Atpresent,oneofthebestwaystostudyisworkingingroups.

一Morechancestostudentstolearnfromeachother.

A.offerB.areofferedC.haveoffered

4.manychildrenlikesugar,Ithinktheyhadbettertrynottoeatittoooften.

ABecauseBWhenCAlthoughDIf

5.EnglishinCanada.

AspeaksBarespokenCisspeakingDisspoken

答案：

I.areaskedpleasedneighborssurprisedthoughtarewritten

II.BBBCD

鞏固提高

I.單項(xiàng)選擇

l.TheOlympicGameseveryfouryears.

A.holdB.isheldC.areholdingD.areheld

2.Theskirtismadeofsilk.Itsosoft.Ilikeit.

A.washesB.iswashedC.isfeltD.feels

3.—Howoftenyourschoolsportsmeeting?

---Onceayear.

A.does,holdB.washoldC.isheldD.didhold

第4頁

4.MarkTwainagreatwriter.

AisknownasB.isknownforC.isknownD.known

5.Confucius,worksarestillbymanypeopletoday.

A.readB.readingC.readsD.toread

6.Middleschoolstudentsnottosmoke.

AisalwaystoldB.alwaystellC.arealwaystoldD.alwaystold

n.句型轉(zhuǎn)換

1.Hisbrotherdiedthreeyearsago.（改為同義句）

Hisbrotherhasforthreeyears.

2.Doestheboyusuallysweepthefloorinthemorning?（改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)）

Isthefloorusuallytheboyinthemorning?

3.Heisacleverandlivelyboy.（對(duì)畫線部分提問）

Whattheboy?

4.Tonyisafraidofbeingaloneathome.（改為同義句）

Tonyisafraidaloneathome.

5.Lucydoesn'tgotoschoolbybusanylonger.（改為否定句）

Lucytoschoolbybus.

答案:

LBDCBAC

II.beendead,sweptby,islike,tobe,doesn'tgoto

I.單項(xiàng)選擇

1.Thisbridgethreeyearsago.Nowifsaniceviewinthetown.

AbuildBbuiltCisbuiltDwasbuilt

2.—Isthereasportsmeetinginyourschool?

第5頁

—Yes.ItinNovembereveryyear.

AholdsBheldCwillbeheldDisheld

3.—ThereisasmileonMissGao'sface.ShemustbewithSam'swork.

——Ithinkso.Noonedidasashiminourclass.

Aangry,wellBpleasing,goodCstrict,goodDpleased,well.

4.Theboybecausehisfatherwanttobeathim.

AranawayBtookawayCgaveawayDputaway

5.Ahappyfamilyistobeimportantforthegrowthofchildren.

AthinkBthoughtCthinkingDthinks

n.完形填空

Asweallknow,CharlesDickensisconsideredtobeagreatEnglishwriter.He'sveryfamousnotonly

inBritain,butalsoinmanyother1intheworld.Hewasbomin1812andhelivedinLondon.Hewrote

lotsofbooks,andhealsoliked2Hewasanactor.Maybeifsinterestingtohearthatandthafs3

hisbooksweresogood.Hegavepublicreadingsofhisstoriesthatwereverypopular.Hisstoriesfirst

appearedinamagazine,inparts.Peoplealwayswanted4part.Hewrotealot,andmostofthemare

popular.Therearefilmsandplaysofthem5:OliverTwistbecameafamousmusicalplay,andGreat

Expectationswasawonderful6Dickens'earlylifewasveryhard.Hisfamilywaspoor,andhis

mothersenthimouttoworkinafactorywhenhewas12.He7it,butheusedhisexperiencesinhis

writing.HemarriedCatherineHogarthandtheyhadabigfamily.Hecontinuedtowrite8hedied.

Whenhediedin1870,hewas9astory.Butwhatapity!We'llneverknow10itended.

1.A.citiesB.countriesC.townsD.villages

2.A.readingB.writingC.actingD.playing

3.A.whatB.howC.whenD.why

4.A.thenextB.nextC.nexttoD.nexttime

5.A.tooB.aswellC.aswellasD.also

6.A.bookB.storyC.playD.film

7.A.hatedB.enjoyedC.wantedD.shamed

第6頁

8.A.asB.whileC.untilD.since

9.A.drawingB.singingC.writingD.Making

10.A.whatB.howC.whoD.which

答案：

I.DDDAB

II.BCDABDACCB

I.詞匯

A）根據(jù)語境及首字母提示補(bǔ)全所缺單詞。

1.Thepresenteriswtothelocalpeople.Almosteveryoneknowsher.

2.Mynext-doornareverynoisy.Ican'tsleepwellsometimes.

3.Theworkerstookaimmediatelytostopthefire.

4.TheInternethasbecomepartofelife.

5.1becomewaftertenyearsinthebusiness.

B）根據(jù)語境從方框中選出恰當(dāng)?shù)亩陶Z填空，每個(gè)短語限用一次。

Ijoinin,getintotrouble,runaway,takeaway,bytheway|

6.2from4andyouget2.

7.Youmustn'ttellothers,orwe'll.

8.We'regoingtoplayfootball.Doyouwantto?

9.,haveyouseenJohnlately?

10.Whenhetriedto?thepolicemanranupandcaughthim.

II.單項(xiàng)選擇

1.Thewomanhadacaraccidentandshemanagedtoescapetheburningcar.

第7頁

（2019-2019甘肅期中考試）

A.withB.toC.fromD.at

2.Thismedicinewilllast,butaftersixmonthsyou'llneedtochangeit.

（2019-2019甘肅期中考試）

A.foratimeB.intimeC.atthattimeD.fromtimetotime

3.Themanwasbomin1895.Wecanalsosayhewasbominthecentury.

（2019-2019甘肅期中考試）

A.eighteenB.eighteenthC.nineteenD.nineteenth

4.Thewriterisveryfamoushehaswrittenlotsofgreatbooks.

（2019-2019甘肅期中考試）

A.soB.ifC.butD.and

5.Thisbookisgreat.I'mgoingtowriteaofitandthenputitontheInternet.

（2019-2019甘肅期中考試）

A.dialogueB.reviewC.reasonD.rule

6.Hecutdownalltheplantsinhisgardenexceptsomeflowers

A.aliveB.asleepC.livelyD.sleepy

7.WearealltoseePaulattheparty.Wehaven'theardfromhimforthreeyears.

A.surprisingB.surprisedC.boringD.bored

8.1don'twanttothisproblemwithJimonthephone.

A.provideB.satisfyC.discussD.show

9.1thepricesoftheeggswillgoupagain.Doyouthinkso?

A.hopeB.decideC.rememberD.suppose

10.Hisbooksareverypopularandhavelotsofpeople.

A.influencedB.hugC.hurtD.fed

第8頁

11.Whydon'tyoutothepartyandenjoyyourself?

A.comeB.tocomeC.comingD.came

12.Theoldman_______forovertwodays.

A.bedeadB.diedC.hasbeendeadD.dies

13.——HowoftentheWhitesbytheirchildren?

——Onceamonth,becausetheirchildrenliveabitfarfromthem.

A.do;visitB.are;visitingC.have;visitedD.are;visited

14.Theplants________onthefarmsinmanyareas.

A.growsB.growC.isgrownD.aregrown

15.一Youlookworried.

一Ican'tfindmynewdress.Itisapresentfrommymum.

A.Thafsashame.B.Whafsup?C.Thafsnogood!D.WhatcanIdoforyou?

III.完形填空

SunLiwasnothappyatschoollastmonth.Itwasnotbecause]didn'tlikeschool.Itwasbecause

ofher2.

SunstudiesinAnhui.Herschoolhasa3ruleabouthair:nochangingyourhaircolour,nocurly

hair;boysshouldhaveacrewcut（平頭），4girls'haircan'thangpasttheirears.

Sunandtheothergirlsinherclassdon'tlikethehairstyle.They5it"mushroomhead（蘑菇頭）

Sun'sstoryisnotthe6_one.Inmanyotherschools,thereisalsoahairstylerule.Lastweekina

schoolinBeijing,somestudentswere7tocuttheirlonghair.

MrXuistheheadmaster（男校長）oftheschool.Inhisschool,girlscan'thavehairpasttheir

shoulders.Hesaysthehairruleisthereforagood8_."Everybodyneedstohavealookthatmatcheshisor

herjob,“saysMrXu."Thosehairstylesareforadults（成年人）.Studentsare9fromadults.”

Thestricthairruleisnotonlymadeforstudents.Teachersalsohaveto10it."Whilestudentscan't

changetheirhaircolour,neithercantheirteachers,saysMrXu.

l.A.IB.sheC.heD.they

第9頁

2.A.marksB.ageC.hairD.clothes

3.A.strictB.luckyC.personalD.natural

4.A.orB.soC.andD.if

5.A.pronounceB.callC.guessD.forget

6.A.sameB.oldC.onlyD.clear

7.A.allowedB.helpedC.stoppedD.asked

8.A.historyB.futureC.promiseD.reason

9.A.differentB.safeC.brightD.wise

10.A.introduceB.followC.completeD.improve

IV.閱讀理解

A

We'dlovetosaytherearenoruleshere—butforeveryonessafetyandfun,wedohavejustafew...

FIRST,THEDON9TS

?Adults,DON'Tleaveyourkidsathome.Noadultsareallowedinthemuseumwithoutkids.

?Kids,DON'Tleaveyourparentsathome.Nooneunder18isallowedwithoutanadult.

?Adults,DON'Tthinkthatolderkidscanvisitthemuseumalone.Kids,nomatterhowold,shouldbe

watchedatalltimes.Infact,yourkidswillenjoyspendingtimewithyou!

?DON'Tbringfoodordrinksintotheexhibit（展覽）areas.EnjoyyoursnacksatourTinyBitesCafe,

oroutsideinthepark.

?DON'Tsmoke（吸煙）whileatthemuseum.

?DON'Trunaroundorshoutatthemuseum.

?Andlast,DON'Tbesurprisedifweaskyoutopleasebenice,walkslowlyandplaygently（文雅地）.

Weareheretokeepyousafeandmakesureeveryonehasagoodtime.

ANDNOW,THEDO'S

?DOtouch,explore（探索）andplay!

第10頁

,DOasklotsofquestions!

?DOtalktoourstaff!Weweargreenshirtsandlovetalkingtovisitors!

?DOgiveusyourfeedback(反饋意見)一good,badorwhatever!Thatishowwelearn!

RULESFORGROUPS

?Oneadultisneededforevery10kids.

?Adultsmuststaywithkidsatalltimeswhileatthemuseum.

根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。

1.Wecanlearnfromthematerialthat.

A.adultscanvisitthemuseumalone

B.olderkidscanvisitthemuseumalone

C.visitorsareaskedtoweargreenclothes

D.visitorscan'thavesnacksattheexhibitareas

2.Visitorsareallowedtoatthemuseum.

A.smokeB.runaroundC.speakloudlyD.touchtheexhibits

3.VisitorsareencouragedtodothefollowingEXCEPTto.

A.buygiftsB.askquestionsC.givefeedbackD.talktothestaff

4.Foragroupof30childvisitors,atleastadult(s)is(are)needed.

A.1B.2C.3D.5

5.Thematerialismainlyabout.

A.rulesofamuseum

B.howtohavefunatamuseum

C.howtokeepkidssafeatamuseum

D.thingswecanlearnfromvisitingmuseums

B

第11頁

Bill:MyfavouritebookisTheChroniclesofNarnia:TheLion,theWitch（女巫）andthe

Wardrobe（衣櫥）byC.S.Lewis.Ifsaboutfourchildrenwhofindamagical（神奇的）landinside

awardrobe.Awitchmakesthelandwinterforever.Thechildrenhelpsavethemagicallandfrom

thewitchwiththehelpofAslan,agreattalkinglion.Thechildrenbecomeleaders.Butthenthey

comebacktoourworld...untiltheirnextjourneyinNarnia.

Eric:IlikereadingTheMagicSchoolBuswrittenbyJoannaColebest.Themagicschoolbuscan

goeverywhere,eveninsidethehumanbody.IlikeArnold,aboyinMsFrizzle'sclass.He'sreally

funnyandhe'salwaysafraid.

Grace:Oneofmyall-timefavouritebooksisUglybyDonnaJoNapoli.It'sthestoryofanugly

youngduck.It'salittlesad,butafteryoufinishreadingit,you911wanttoreaditagainandagain.

ThewayDonnaJoNapoliwritesisspecial,andyoucanreallygetinsidethecharacters9heads.It

soundslikemusicwhenit'sbeingreadtoyou.

Sally:MyfavouritebookisBloomabilitybySharonCreech.It'saboutagirlwhoseparentsare

alwaysonthemove.ThensheissuddenlytakentoSwitzerlandbyherauntanduncle,awayfrom

herfamily.Interested?Thenreadthisbook!

Jane:MyfavouritebookisNancyDrewMystery（疑案）Stories:TheWhisperingStatue（低語的

雕塑）byCarolynKeene.Ihavereaditaboutfourtimes!Itisaboutagirlwholovessolving

mysteries,andshefindsastatuethatwhispers.Well,I'mnotgoingtotellyouthestory.Tilletyou

readitforyourself.

根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。

1.InBiirsfavouritebook,fourchildrenfightagainst.

A.alionB.awitch（二awardrobeD.aduck

2.AfterfinishingreadingUgly,readersmayfeel_

A.afraidB.sad（3.excitedD.nervous

3.Sally'sfavouritebookiswrittenby________.

A.C.S.LewisB.JoannaCole（2.DonnaJoNapoliD.SharonCreech

4.Tinaisinterestedinspecialjourneys,soshemayliketoread.

A.UglyB.Bloomability

第12頁

C.TheMagicSchoolBusD.NancyDrewMysteryStories:TheWhisperingStatue

5.BloomabilityandNancyDrewMysteryStories'.TheWhisperingStatuebothtellastoryabout.

A.agirlB.amagicallandC.ayoungduckD.aschool

C

Dolphinshavealwaysmadepeopleinterested.（1）Sailors（whoworkonaship）believe

thatdolphinsswimmingnexttotheirshipsmeansgoodluckonthelongjourney.

Dolphinsarenotfish;infact,theyeatfish.Theyareseamammals（口甫孚L動(dòng)物）.Whenfishswim,they

movetheirtailsfromsidetoside.（2）Fishbreathe（口乎吸）inwater,butdolphinshavetorise

tothewatersurface俵面）sometimestotakeabreath.

Dolphinsusesoundstofindthings.Theysendoutsounds,andthesoundshitanobjectandreturnback

tothedolphins.Theyusethesoundstotelltheobject5slocation.（3）

Ifyougotoazoo,youmayseebottle-noseddolphins.Theylookliketheyarealwayssmiling.（4）

Theycanevenbetrainedto"walk"onthewaterusingtheirstrongtails.

Dolphinsseemtobeinterestedinhumans.Therehavebeenlotsofreportsofdolphinssaving

swimmers.In2019,amanwasattacked（襲擊）byashark（鯊魚）.（5）

根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容，將A—E五個(gè)句子填入材料空白處，使材料完整、通順。

A.Whendolphinsswim,theymovetheirtailsupanddown.

B.Thensomedolphinsswamaroundtheman,keepingthesharkawaysohecouldreachthelan