高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河南省某中學(xué)2025屆高三下學(xué)期沖刺（三）英語(yǔ)試卷第一部分聽(tīng)力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFrequentlyAskedQuestionsaboutLondonTheatresLondonhasaworld-leadingtheatrescene,andit’sparticularlystrongwhenitcomestofamilyshows.ReadtheFAQtomakeyourfamilytheatretripapleasantone.Canchildrengotoalltheatres?Mostshowsaresuitableforpeopleaged12orolder.Someproductionsmighthavematerialthatistoomatureforyoungertheatregoers.However,therearealsofantasticfamilyshowswhichareappropriateforallages,orwhicharespecificallyaimedatkids.Arechildrenboosterseatsavailable?Sometheatres,thoughnotall,provideboosterseats-forexample,Nederlandertheatresrentheight-adjustableseatsfor￡1ifyouaskamemberofstaff.Theyareavailableonafirst-come,first-servedbasis.Somevenueswillalsohaveheightrestrictionssothataudiencesittingbehindyoucanstillsee.Aretherefrequentbreaksthroughoutthedurationofaperformance?Ifit’sashowforageneralaudience,therewillusuallybeoneortwointervalsbasedontherunningtime.Mostshowsdesignedspecificallyforyoungeraudienceswillhaveshortrunningtimes,likeanhourorless.CanIbringmyownsnacksanddrinksintothetheatre?Mosttheatreswon’tallowyoutobringyourownsnacksanddrinks.Theysellfoodanddrinkinthetheatreandthat’spartofhowtheybringinprofit.Ifyouhaveconcernsaboutdietaryrequirements,youcancontactthetheatrebeforehandtomakearrangements.FindallthelatestrecommendationsandmoreinformationabouttherulesonTelegraphTickets,orcheckwiththeboxoffice.1.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Atheatreguide. B.Adramareview.C.Ashowadvertisement. D.Aperformanceschedule.2.Whichbestdescribesboosterseats?A.Foundineverytheatre. B.Providedfreeofcharge.C.Requiredbysafetyrules. D.Offeredinlimitednumber.3.Whatarethetheatres’concernsbehindtheirfoodpolicies?A.Financialgain. B.Foodsafety.C.Cleaningcost. D.Audienceexperience.【答案】1.A2.D3.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是關(guān)于倫敦劇院的常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題解答。【1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“ReadtheFAQtomakeyourfamilytheatretripapleasantone.(閱讀常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題解答，讓你的家庭劇院之旅愉快)”以及后文對(duì)倫敦劇院各種常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題的詳細(xì)解答可知，文章旨在為去劇院的人提供相關(guān)信息和指導(dǎo)?！癆theatreguide(劇院指南)”符合文章的性質(zhì)和用途。B項(xiàng)“Adramareview(戲劇評(píng)論)”主要是對(duì)戲劇內(nèi)容、表演等方面進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)；C項(xiàng)“Ashowadvertisement(演出廣告)”側(cè)重于宣傳演出；D項(xiàng)“Aperformanceschedule(演出時(shí)間表)”主要呈現(xiàn)演出的時(shí)間安排，均不符合文章內(nèi)容。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Sometheatres,thoughnotall,provideboosterseatsforexample,Nederlandertheatresrentheightadjustableseatsfor￡1ifyouaskamemberofstaff.Theyareavailableonafirstcome,firstservedbasis.(一些劇院，并非所有劇院，提供增高座椅。例如，如果你向工作人員提出要求，Nederlander劇院會(huì)以1英鎊的價(jià)格出租可調(diào)節(jié)高度的座椅。這些座椅是先到先得的)”可知，并不是每個(gè)劇院都有增高座椅，且是收費(fèi)出租的，也未提及是安全規(guī)則要求的，而先到先得，說(shuō)明數(shù)量是有限的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Mosttheatreswon’tallowyoutobringyourownsnacksanddrinks.Theysellfoodanddrinkinthetheatreandthat’spartofhowtheybringinprofit.(大多數(shù)劇院不允許你自帶零食和飲料。他們?cè)趧≡簝?nèi)出售食品和飲料，這是他們盈利的一部分)”可知，劇院的飲食政策是為了獲得經(jīng)濟(jì)收益。故選A項(xiàng)。BAgardenconstructedwith“humble”clayfashionedinto3D-printedbrickshasclaimedthefirstgreenmedalattheChelseaFlowerShowforbeingthemostenvironmentallysustainabledesign.TheChelseaFlowerShow,acelebratedglobaleventheldannuallyatChelsea,London,hasbeenafoundationofthegardeningcalendarsince1913.Itbeganasawaytoshowthelatesttrendsingardeningandplantvarieties.TheEnvironmentalInnovationAwardisthefirstofitssortandgoesalongwiththegold,silverandbronzemedalsawardedtothemostattractiveandinterestinggardens.GiulioGiorgi,afirst-timeChelseadesigner,statedhecreatedthegreen-medal-winninggardenwithnoconcrete.Mostgardenscontainconcreteinsomeformandthematerialstheyarebuiltfromoftengeneratethehighestcarbonfootprint.Whiletheemploymentofpollinator-friendlyplants,wildareasandsensibleuseofwaterarewell-knowneasywaystomakeagardenmoresustainable,Giorgisaiditwascrucialtofocusonthebuildingmaterialsastheircarbonfootprintwasoftenoverlooked.“Wetypicallyusealotofmetal,cement(水泥)andthenalltheenergywehavetoputintobuildthegardens.Thematerialinourgardenislow-temperature-firedclay,aresourcethatcanbefoundprettymucheverywhere.Wemadethisclayinto3D-printedbricks,connectingancienttraditionwithnovelpracticessocarbonemissionsarethelowestpossible,ifany.Thebrickskeepwaterlikeaspongeandreleaseitwhendroughtstrikesplants,”saidGiorgi.Judgesconsideredend-of-lifeplansforthegardensandwhethermaterialscouldbereused.The3D-printednatureofGiorgi'sgardenmeansitcaneasilybetakenapartandputtogetheragain.Asaresult,whenitisrelocatedtoRHSGardenWisley,whereitwillliveonaftertheshowasaneducationalfacility,thecarbonemissionswillbelowasnomaterialswillbewasted.4.WhatdoweknowabouttheChelseaFlowerShow?A.Itvaluessustainabilityandappeal.B.Itaimedtoencourageoutdoorfitness.C.Itprohibitsconcreteincompetinggardens.D.Ithasatraditionofadvocatingforgreenness.5.WhatadvantagedoesclayhaveoverotherbuildingmaterialsaccordingtoGiorgi?A.Itcatchesfirelesseasily.B.It'smoredurableandabsorbent.C.Ittakeslesslabortoproduce.D.It'seco-friendlyandmoreavailable.6.WhatwillbecomeofGiorgi'sgardenaftertheshow?A.It'llbesoldpublicly.B.It'llserveasanurbanlandmark.C.It'llbeturnedintoaschool.D.It'llcomeintoplayinanotherspot.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ClayBricks:RecyclableBuildingMaterialB.ChelseaFlowerShow:CelebrationofGardeningC.GardenwithClayBricks:WinnerofGreenMedalD.GiulioGiorgi:DesignerEnthusiasticaboutHigh-Tech【答案】4.A5.D6.D7.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了在切爾西花展上，一座由“不起眼”的黏土制成的3D打印磚塊建造的花園因其最具環(huán)境可持續(xù)性的設(shè)計(jì)獲得了首個(gè)綠色獎(jiǎng)?wù)?，還介紹了該花園的設(shè)計(jì)理念以及優(yōu)勢(shì)等?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Agardenconstructedwith“humble”clayfashionedinto3D-printedbrickshasclaimedthefirstgreenmedalattheChelseaFlowerShowforbeingthemostenvironmentallysustainabledesign.(一座由“不起眼”的黏土制成的3D打印磚塊建造的花園因其最具環(huán)境可持續(xù)性的設(shè)計(jì)在切爾西花展上獲得了首個(gè)綠色獎(jiǎng)?wù)?”以及第二段“TheEnvironmentalInnovationAwardisthefirstofitssortandgoesalongwiththegold,silverandbronzemedalsawardedtothemostattractiveandinterestinggardens.(環(huán)境創(chuàng)新獎(jiǎng)是此類獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)中的第一個(gè)，與頒發(fā)給最具吸引力和趣味性花園的金、銀、銅牌一同頒發(fā))”可知，切爾西花展既重視可持續(xù)性，又重視花園的吸引力。A選項(xiàng)“Itvaluessustainabilityandappeal.(它重視可持續(xù)性和吸引力。)”符合文意，故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Thematerialinourgardenislow-temperature-firedclay,aresourcethatcanbefoundprettymucheverywhere.Wemadethisclayinto3D-printedbricks,connectingancienttraditionwithnovelpracticessocarbonemissionsarethelowestpossible,ifany.(我們花園里的材料是低溫?zé)频恼惩粒@種資源幾乎隨處可見(jiàn)。我們將這種粘土制成3D打印磚，將古老的傳統(tǒng)與新穎的做法相結(jié)合，從而盡可能降低碳排放，如果有的話)”可知，與其他建筑材料相比，粘土更環(huán)保且更容易獲取。故選D項(xiàng)。【6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Asaresult,whenitisrelocatedtoRHSGardenWisley,whereitwillliveonaftertheshowasaneducationalfacility,thecarbonemissionswillbelowasnomaterialswillbewasted.(因此，當(dāng)它被搬遷到英國(guó)皇家園藝學(xué)會(huì)威斯利花園（RHSGardenWisley），在展覽結(jié)束后作為一個(gè)教育設(shè)施繼續(xù)存在時(shí)，碳排放將很低，因?yàn)椴粫?huì)浪費(fèi)任何材料)”可知，展覽結(jié)束后，Giorgi的花園將被搬遷到另一個(gè)地方繼續(xù)發(fā)揮作用。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。文章第一段“Agardenconstructedwith"humble"clayfashionedinto3D-printedbrickshasclaimedthefirstgreenmedalattheChelseaFlowerShowforbeingthemostenvironmentallysustainabledesign.(一個(gè)由“普通”粘土制成3D打印磚建造的花園，因其是最環(huán)保的設(shè)計(jì)而在切爾西花展上獲得了第一枚綠色獎(jiǎng)?wù)隆?”、第二段“TheEnvironmentalInnovationAwardisthefirstofitssortandgoesalongwiththegold,silverandbronzemedalsawardedtothemostattractiveandinterestinggardens.(環(huán)境創(chuàng)新獎(jiǎng)是此類獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)中的第一個(gè)，與頒發(fā)給最具吸引力和趣味性花園的金、銀、銅牌一同頒發(fā))”、第五段“Thematerialinourgardenislow-temperature-firedclay,aresourcethatcanbefoundprettymucheverywhere.Wemadethisclayinto3D-printedbricks,connectingancienttraditionwithnovelpracticessocarbonemissionsarethelowestpossible,ifany.(我們花園里的材料是低溫?zé)频恼惩?，這種資源幾乎隨處可見(jiàn)。我們將這種粘土制成3D打印磚，將古老的傳統(tǒng)與新穎的做法相結(jié)合，從而盡可能降低碳排放，如果有的話)”以及最后一段“Asaresult,whenitisrelocatedtoRHSGardenWisley,whereitwillliveonaftertheshowasaneducationalfacility,thecarbonemissionswillbelowasnomaterialswillbewasted.(因此，當(dāng)它被搬遷到英國(guó)皇家園藝學(xué)會(huì)威斯利花園（RHSGardenWisley），在展覽結(jié)束后作為一個(gè)教育設(shè)施繼續(xù)存在時(shí)，碳排放將很低，因?yàn)椴粫?huì)浪費(fèi)任何材料)”可知，文章介紹了用粘土磚建造的花園獲得了切爾西花展的綠色獎(jiǎng)?wù)?，隨后的段落圍繞這個(gè)花園展開(kāi)介紹，包括其建造材料粘土的優(yōu)勢(shì)、花園的可持續(xù)性以及展覽結(jié)束后的去向等。所以C項(xiàng)“GardenwithClayBricks:WinnerofGreenMedal(用粘土磚建造的花園：綠色獎(jiǎng)?wù)芦@得者)”最適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。CImagineancientmathematicianscarvingsymbolsontowoodenblocks.Withoutaconceptofzero,howwouldtheircalculationsoperate?ForcivilizationslikeEgyptandGreece,zerohadnoplaceintheirframeworkandtheyreliedoncontextualunderstandingintheirmathematicalexpressions.GreekmathematicianssuchasAristotleevenquestionedtheverynatureofzero,strugglingtodefine“nothing”inamathematicalsense.Theabsenceofzeromeantthatancientarithmetic(算術(shù))wasfarmorecomplexandrestrictedinitscapabilities.ThefirstclearrecordeduseofzeroasafigureappearedinancientIndiaaroundthe5thcenturyCE.Brahmagupta,anIndianmathematician,formalizedtheconceptofzeroinhisworkBrahmasphutasiddhanta(628CE).Hedescribedzeroasanumberandestablishedrulesforarithmeticoperationsinvolvingzero.Forexample,hedefinedaddingzerotoanumberdoesnotchangeitsvalue,andmultiplyinganynumberbyzeroresultsinzero.Indianscholarsrecognizedzero’spotentialasanumber,pavingthewayformodernmathematicalsystems.Followingfromthis,theadoptionofzerorevolutionizedmathematicsandzeroextendsbeyondpuremathematics.Inthe1600s,IsaacNewtonandGottfriedWilhelmLeibniz,thefoundersofcalculus(微積分),builttheirtheoriesaroundthefundamentalroleofzero.Laterinphysics,theconceptofabsolutezerorepresentsthelowestpossibletemperature.IntheDigitalAge,zeroiskeytocomputerscienceanddigitaltechnology.Binarycode,thefoundationofallcomputingsystems,isbasedonsequences(序列)ofOsand1s.Withoutzero,thedigitalrevolution,includingeverythingfromsmartphonestoartificialintelligence,wouldnotbepossible.Zeromayappeartobeasimpleconcept,butitsjourney—fromanancientIndianinnovationtoaglobalcornerstone—revealshow“nothing”transformedcivilization.Ithasreshapedmathematics,science,andtechnology,provingthatevenemptinessholdslimitlesspower.8.Whatdidtheabsenceofzerobringaboutinancienttimes?A.Theslowdevelopmentofmaths.B.Doubtsaboutancientcivilisations.C.Thelowlevelofhumanintelligence.D.Misreadingsaboutmathematicallanguage.9.WhatcontributionsdidBrahmaguptamakeconcerningzero?A.Recordingitsfirstuse. B.Promotingitsfurtherspread.C.Settingupitsoperationrules. D.Changingitsoriginalconcept.10.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Thefutureofzero. B.Thenatureofzero.C.Theinfluenceofzero. D.Thehistoryofzero.11.Whatcanwelearnfromthejourneyofzero?A.Zeroishero. B.Everythingisnothing.C.Zerorulestheworld. D.Mathscomesfromnothing.【答案】8.A9.C10.C11.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了零從古至今的發(fā)展歷程以及其對(duì)人類文明的重要影響?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“ForcivilizationslikeEgyptandGreece,zerohadnoplaceintheirframeworkandtheyreliedoncontextualunderstandingintheirmathematicalexpressions.GreekmathematicianssuchasAristotleevenquestionedtheverynatureofzero,strugglingtodefine“nothing”inamathematicalsense.Theabsenceofzeromeantthatancientarithmeticwasfarmorecomplexandrestrictedinitscapabilities.(對(duì)于埃及和希臘等文明來(lái)說(shuō)，零在它們的體系里沒(méi)有一席之地，它們?cè)跀?shù)學(xué)表達(dá)上依靠上下文理解。像亞里士多德這樣的希臘數(shù)學(xué)家甚至質(zhì)疑零的本質(zhì)，在數(shù)學(xué)意義上難以定義“無(wú)”。零的缺失意味著古代算術(shù)要復(fù)雜得多，且能力受限。)”可知，零的缺失使古代算術(shù)復(fù)雜且能力受限，也就意味著數(shù)學(xué)發(fā)展緩慢，所以古代零的缺失帶來(lái)了數(shù)學(xué)發(fā)展的緩慢。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Brahmagupta,anIndianmathematician,formalizedtheconceptofzeroinhisworkBrahmasphutasiddhanta(628CE).Hedescribedzeroasanumberandestablishedrulesforarithmeticoperationsinvolvingzero.Forexample,hedefinedaddingzerotoanumberdoesnotchangeitsvalue,andmultiplyinganynumberbyzeroresultsinzero.(印度數(shù)學(xué)家婆羅摩笈多在公元628年的著作《婆羅摩修正體系》中正式提出了零的概念。他將零描述為一個(gè)數(shù)字，并建立了涉及零的算術(shù)運(yùn)算規(guī)則。例如，他定義了一個(gè)數(shù)加零不改變其值，任何數(shù)乘以零結(jié)果為零。)”可知，婆羅摩笈多將零描述為一個(gè)數(shù)字，并建立了涉及零的算術(shù)運(yùn)算規(guī)則，也就是設(shè)定了零的操作規(guī)則。故選C?！?0題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Followingfromthis,theadoptionofzerorevolutionizedmathematicsandzeroextendsbeyondpuremathematics.Inthe1600s,IsaacNewtonandGottfriedWilhelmLeibniz,thefoundersofcalculus,builttheirtheoriesaroundthefundamentalroleofzero.Laterinphysics,theconceptofabsolutezerorepresentsthelowestpossibletemperature.IntheDigitalAge,zeroiskeytocomputerscienceanddigitaltechnology.Binarycode,thefoundationofallcomputingsystems,isbasedonsequencesof0sand1s.Withoutzero,thedigitalrevolution,includingeverythingfromsmartphonestoartificialintelligence,wouldnotbepossible.(由此，零的采用使數(shù)學(xué)發(fā)生了革命性變化，且零的作用超越了純數(shù)學(xué)。在17世紀(jì)，微積分的創(chuàng)始人艾薩克·牛頓和戈特弗里德·威廉·萊布尼茨圍繞零的基礎(chǔ)作用構(gòu)建了他們的理論。后來(lái)在物理學(xué)中，絕對(duì)零度的概念代表了可能的最低溫度。在數(shù)字時(shí)代，零是計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)和數(shù)字技術(shù)的關(guān)鍵。二進(jìn)制代碼是所有計(jì)算系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)，基于0和1的序列。沒(méi)有零，從智能手機(jī)到人工智能等一切數(shù)字革命都不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)。)”可知，第四段主要講述了零在不同領(lǐng)域(數(shù)學(xué)、物理、計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)等)發(fā)揮的重要作用，也就是零的影響。故選C?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Zeromayappeartobeasimpleconcept,butitsjourney—fromanancientIndianinnovationtoaglobalcornerstone—revealshow“nothing”transformedcivilization.Ithasreshapedmathematics,science,andtechnology,provingthatevenemptinessholdslimitlesspower.(零可能看似是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的概念，但它從古代印度的一項(xiàng)創(chuàng)新發(fā)展成為全球基石的歷程，揭示了“無(wú)”如何改變了文明。它重塑了數(shù)學(xué)、科學(xué)和技術(shù)，證明了即使是虛無(wú)也蘊(yùn)含著無(wú)限的力量。)”可知，零起到了關(guān)鍵重要作用，如同英雄一般。故選A。DNeedles,thoughessentialfordeliveringmanyvitalmedicines,arenotpopularamongpatients.Manypeopleexperiencediscomfortoranxietyatthesightofaneedle,makinginjections(注射)anunpleasantexperience.Now,newresearchledbyGiovanniTraversoattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)offersawaytogivemedicinewithoutthisdiscomfort—bycopyinghowsquids(魷魚)shootinkandwater.Dr.Traverso’stinyautomatedinjectorsarepackagedincapsulesthatpatientscanswallow.Onceinsidethedigestivesystem,thecapsulesbreakdown,releasingtheinjectors,whichthendeliverdrugsthroughthesurfacelayerofstomachorotherdigestiveorgansandintothesubsurfacetissuesbelow.Thismethodallowspatientstoreceivetreatmentwithoutseeingorfeelinganeedle.Althoughthetechniqueispromising,itisnotyetentirelyreliable.Foraninjectortoworkeffectively,itmustbepositionedalmostperfectlyuprightagainstthetargettissue.Withskininjections,amedicalprofessionalcanadjusttheanglebyhand,butinsidethedigestivesystem,thisismuchmoredifficult.Tosolvethisproblem,Dr.Traversoturnedtosquids,whichcanshootinkandwaterathighpressureinmultipledirections.Inspiredbythisnaturalability,heandhisteamworkedwithamedicalcompanytodeveloptinyspring-loadeddevicesthatreleasefaststreamsofmedicinewhenactivated.Testsondigestivetissuesfrompigsanddogsshowedthatthedevicescaneffectivelygiveinjectionsevenatanglesbelow70°.Whilehumantrialshaveyettobegin,Dr.Traversohopesthetechnologywillsoonhelppeoplewithdiabetes,adiseasethatrequiresthepatientstogetmultipleinjectionsdaily.Amoreconvenientdeliverysystemcouldmaketreatmenteasierandlessstressful.Butthepotentialapplicationsextendbeyonddiabetes—similardevicesmayonedaybeusedtoadministervaccines,makingimmunization(免疫接種)moreaccessible.Ifallgoeswell,fearofneedlescouldbecomeathingofthepast.12.Whatcanwelearnaboutthenewinjectorsfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Theyaremadefromsquidink. B.Theyareinvisibletohumaneyes.C.Theyenjoypopularityamongpatients. D.Theyoperatewithinthedigestivesystem.13.WhatchallengedoesTraverso’stechniqueface?A.Keepingtheinjectoratacorrectangle. B.Findingapropersitefordrugdelivery.C.Havingreliablemedicalprofessionals. D.Accessingthedeepdigestivesystem.14.Whatcanweinferaboutthetechnologyfromthelastparagraph?A.Itproveseffectiveinhumantrials. B.Itmaycurepeopleofneedleanxiety.C.Itshowspromisesforfutureapplications. D.Itwillreducethecostofdiabetestreatment.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheSecretofSquidInkShooting B.PainlessInjection:AGiftfromSquidC.Nature:AGuideforMedicalInnovation D.TheDevelopmentofInjectionTechniques【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。本文介紹了一種新型無(wú)痛注射技術(shù)，靈感來(lái)源于魷魚噴射墨水的機(jī)制?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Dr.Traverso’stinyautomatedinjectorsarepackagedincapsulesthatpatientscanswallow.Onceinsidethedigestivesystem,thecapsulesbreakdown,releasingtheinjectors,whichthendeliverdrugsthroughthesurfacelayerofstomachorotherdigestiveorgansandintothesubsurfacetissuesbelow.Thismethodallowspatientstoreceivetreatmentwithoutseeingorfeelinganeedle.(Traverso博士的微型自動(dòng)注射器被包裝在膠囊中，病人可以吞下。一旦進(jìn)入消化系統(tǒng)，膠囊就會(huì)分解，釋放出注射器，然后注射器通過(guò)胃或其他消化器官的表層將藥物輸送到下面的皮下組織。這種方法可以讓患者在看不到或感覺(jué)不到針頭的情況下接受治療)”可知，注射器在消化系統(tǒng)內(nèi)操作。故選D項(xiàng)。【13題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Althoughthetechniqueispromising,itisnotyetentirelyreliable.Foraninjectortoworkeffectively,itmustbepositionedalmostperfectlyuprightagainstthetargettissue.Withskininjections,amedicalprofessionalcanadjusttheanglebyhand,butinsidethedigestivesystem,thisismuchmoredifficult.(雖然這項(xiàng)技術(shù)很有前途，但還不是完全可靠。為了使注射器有效地工作，它必須幾乎完全垂直地放置在目標(biāo)組織上。通過(guò)皮膚注射，醫(yī)學(xué)專業(yè)人員可以手動(dòng)調(diào)整角度，但在消化系統(tǒng)內(nèi)，這要困難得多)”可知，技術(shù)面臨的主要挑戰(zhàn)是保持注射器的正確角度。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Whilehumantrialshaveyettobegin,Dr.Traversohopesthetechnologywillsoonhelppeoplewithdiabetes,adiseasethatrequiresthepatientstogetmultipleinjectionsdaily.Amoreconvenientdeliverysystemcouldmaketreatmenteasierandlessstressful.Butthepotentialapplicationsextendbeyonddiabetes—similardevicesmayonedaybeusedtoadministervaccines,makingimmunization(免疫接種)moreaccessible.Ifallgoeswell,fearofneedlescouldbecomeathingofthepast.(雖然人體試驗(yàn)尚未開(kāi)始，但特拉弗博士希望這項(xiàng)技術(shù)能很快幫助糖尿病患者，這種疾病需要患者每天多次注射。一個(gè)更方便的輸送系統(tǒng)可以使治療更容易，壓力更小。但潛在的應(yīng)用范圍不僅限于糖尿病——類似的設(shè)備可能有一天會(huì)被用于接種疫苗，使免疫接種更容易獲得。如果一切順利，對(duì)針頭的恐懼可能會(huì)成為過(guò)去)”可推知，該技術(shù)在未來(lái)具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景，故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Needles,thoughessentialfordeliveringmanyvitalmedicines,arenotpopularamongpatients.Manypeopleexperiencediscomfortoranxietyatthesightofaneedle,makinginjections(注射)anunpleasantexperience.Now,newresearchledbyGiovanniTraversoattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)offersawaytogivemedicinewithoutthisdiscomfort—bycopyinghowsquids(魷魚)shootinkandwater.(盡管針頭對(duì)于輸送許多重要藥物至關(guān)重要，但在患者中并不受歡迎。許多人一看到針頭就感到不適或焦慮，這使得注射成為一種不愉快的經(jīng)歷?，F(xiàn)在，麻省理工學(xué)院（MIT）的喬瓦尼·特拉弗索（GiovanniTraverso）領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一項(xiàng)新研究提供了一種不用這種不適就能給藥的方法——模仿魷魚噴射墨水和水的方式)”以及縱觀全文可知，本文主要介紹了一種基于魷魚噴射機(jī)制的無(wú)痛注射技術(shù)，強(qiáng)調(diào)了其創(chuàng)新性和對(duì)患者的潛在益處，所以B項(xiàng)“無(wú)痛注射：來(lái)自烏賊的禮物”是本文最好的標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ifrequentlyseeonlinevideoswhereagroupofgirlstraveltoadestinationasfriendsbutleaveasenemies.It’sgenerallyassumedthatthesefriendshipbreakupsresultfromdifferenttravelpreferencesorlackofconflictresolutionskills.___16___Luckily,therearewaystominimizeargumentsandensureyourfriendshipssurviveyournextgrouptrip.___17___Regardingaccommodations,forinstance,you’drathercheckintoaYouthHostelthanafive-starhotelsothatyoucanspendmoreongoodmeals.Whatneedyouprioritizeshouldgetacrosstoyourfriends,inwhichcasethere’llbenosurpriseswhenyou’retryingtopickoutanAirbnbormakedinnerreservations.Doyourfriendspreferastructureditinerary(行程)thatstartsat7a.m.,orwouldtheyliketoriseattheirleisureandwingitfortheday?Aretheydowntopartyuntildawn,ordotheywanttocallitanightby10p.m.?___18___Thesamegoesforboundaries.Bettertoknowwhatmakesthemuncomfortablebeforehandthanhavetonegotiatemid-trip.Areyouonewhorigidlystickstoatravelitineraryandallowszeroflexibility?___19___Ifindithelpfultohavealooseitinerarysharedbeforethetrip.Youcanalwaysreviseyourdailyschedule,butsomestructureiskey,orelseyou’respendinghalfyourvacationresearching.Somepeopleneedabreaktorechargeorsleepandothersmaywanttoworkoutorreadabook.___20___It’severyone’svacation,soeveryoneshouldgetindependentperiodstouseastheywish.A.Itpaystotourwithfriends.B.Ibelieveit’samixtureofboth.C.Don’tforgettoblockoutalonetime.D.Befrankaboutyourbudgetandpreferences.E.Iftheanswerisyes,you’llhavetomakeachange.F.Thereisnopointincomplainingaboutexternaldisturbance.G.Settingscheduleexpectationshelpsyouplanthetripeffectively.【答案】16.B17.D18.G19.E20.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章介紹了可以減少旅游時(shí)發(fā)生爭(zhēng)吵導(dǎo)致友誼破裂的方法?！?6題詳析】上文“It’sgenerallyassumedthatthesefriendshipbreakupsresultfromdifferenttravelpreferencesorlackofconflictresolutionskills.(人們普遍認(rèn)為，這些友誼的破裂是由于不同的旅行偏好或缺乏解決沖突的能力)”是描述對(duì)于旅行結(jié)束后友誼破裂人們普遍認(rèn)為的原因，B項(xiàng)“我認(rèn)為這是兩者的結(jié)合”作者提出自己的看法，B項(xiàng)中“both”指代上文“differenttravelpreferences”和“l(fā)ackofconflictresolutionskills”，故選B?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Regardingaccommodations,forinstance,you’drathercheckintoaYouthHostelthanafive-starhotelsothatyoucanspendmoreongoodmeals.Whatneedyouprioritizeshouldgetacrosstoyourfriends(關(guān)于住宿，例如，你寧愿入住青年旅館而不是五星級(jí)酒店，這樣你可以花更多的錢在美食上。你優(yōu)先考慮的需求應(yīng)該告訴你的朋友)”可知，本段是說(shuō)要和朋友說(shuō)清楚預(yù)算和需求，D項(xiàng)“坦白你的預(yù)算和喜好”適合作為本段主旨句，故選D?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Doyourfriendspreferastructureditinerary(行程)thatstartsat7a.m.,orwouldtheyliketoriseattheirleisureandwingitfortheday?Aretheydowntopartyuntildawn,ordotheywanttocallitanightby10p.m.?(你的朋友們是喜歡早上7點(diǎn)開(kāi)始的有組織的行程，還是喜歡在空閑的時(shí)候起床，然后自由地度過(guò)一天？他們是準(zhǔn)備派對(duì)到天亮，還是想在晚上10點(diǎn)前結(jié)束？)”可知，此處是講設(shè)定行程的重要性，G項(xiàng)“設(shè)定行程預(yù)期可以幫助你有效地計(jì)劃旅行”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G?！?9題詳析】上文“Areyouonewhorigidlystickstoatravelitineraryandallowszeroflexibility?(你是一個(gè)嚴(yán)格遵守旅行計(jì)劃，不允許任何靈活性的人嗎？)”提出問(wèn)題：你是一個(gè)嚴(yán)格遵守旅行計(jì)劃，不允許任何靈活性的人嗎？下文“Ifindithelpfultohavealooseitinerarysharedbeforethetrip.Youcanalwaysreviseyourdailyschedule(我發(fā)現(xiàn)在旅行前有一個(gè)自由的行程安排是很有幫助的。你可以隨時(shí)修改你的日程安排)”提到自由、靈活的行程安排，和上文“嚴(yán)格遵守計(jì)劃、不允許任何靈活性”相反，故E項(xiàng)“如果答案是肯定的，你將不得不做出改變”符合語(yǔ)境，E項(xiàng)中的“answer”呼應(yīng)上文問(wèn)題，故選E。【20題詳析】根據(jù)下文“It’severyone’svacation,soeveryoneshouldgetindependentperiodstouseastheywish.(這是每個(gè)人的假期，所以每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該有自己的假期)”可知，每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該有屬于自己的時(shí)間，C項(xiàng)“別忘了留出獨(dú)處的時(shí)間”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Inmystudentdays,aNon-GovernmentalOrganization(NGO)invitedmetoteachdancetochildrenfromdisadvantagedbackgrounds.I____21____it,thinkingIwouldputmyfreeafternoonstogooduse.Uponarrivingattheclassroom,Iwas____22____byabout40children,agedbetween7and12,allstandinginrowsand____23____tolearntodance.Ilookedatthe____24____ontheirfacesandaskedaboyinthefront,“What’syourname?”Herepliedveryproudly,“Ankit!”O(jiān)nebyoneI____25____abouttheirnames.Theyresponded____26____.Afewevenfoughttotellmefirst.BythetimeIfinishedInoticedthesmileontheirfaceshad____27____.Istartedourdancingclasswithsomesimple____28____andtheyfollowedperfectly.AndI____29____theclassbyplayingasongandtellingthemtodanceastheypleased.Theywentwildwithjoy.Asthekidsdanced,oneoftheNGOassistants____30____meandsaid,“Doyouknowwhythey’reso____31____?”Iguessed,“Becausetheyalllovetodance?”Hereplied,“No.It’sbecauseyoushowedthem____32____byaskingtheirnames.Manywhocometoteachthemseethemmerelyaspoorkids.Yougavethemafeelingthattheyhaveasenseof____33____.Thankyou.”NeverbeforehadIthoughtaskingsomeone’snamecan____34____somuch.Itaughtthosekidsforafewmoremonths.Andtheyweresucha____35____.21.A.confirmed B.assessed C.managed D.accepted22.A.greeted B.informed C.asked D.invited23.A.eager B.content C.nervous D.hesitant24.A.concern B.fear C.smile D.relief25.A.commented B.inquired C.wondered D.wrote26.A.shyly B.calmly C.thoughtfully D.enthusiastically27.A.widened B.returned C.changed D.appeared28.A.steps B.questions C.dives D.strategies29.A.workedon B.wrappedup C.putoff D.learnedabout30.A.employed B.contacted C.approached D.recognized31.A.sensitive B.cheerful C.shallow D.intelligent32.A.support B.strength C.honesty D.respect33.A.community B.security C.identity D.direction34.A.take B.mean C.explain D.handle35.A.challenge B.burden C.surprise D.joy【答案】21.D22.A23.A24.C25.B26.D27.A28.A29.B30.C31.B32.D33.C34.B35.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述作者受邀教貧困兒童跳舞及從中收獲的感悟。【21題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我接受了這個(gè)邀請(qǐng)，想著可以好好利用我的空閑下午時(shí)間。A.confirmed確認(rèn)；B.assessed評(píng)估；C.managed管理；D.accepted接受。根據(jù)后文“thinkingIwouldputmyfreeafternoonstogooduse”可知，作者認(rèn)為可以充分利用空閑的下午時(shí)間，由此可推斷，此處指的是作者接受邀請(qǐng)。故選D。【22題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一到教室，我受到了大約40名孩子的歡迎，他們的年齡在7到12歲之間，全都站成排，渴望學(xué)習(xí)跳舞。A.greeted迎接；B.informed通知；C.asked詢問(wèn)；D.invited邀請(qǐng)。根據(jù)后文的“about40children,agedbetween7and12,allstandinginrows”可知，孩子們站成一排，由此可推斷，此處指的是孩子迎接作者的到來(lái)。故選A。【23題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一到教室，我受到了大約40名孩子的歡迎，他們的年齡在7到12歲之間，全都站成排，渴望學(xué)習(xí)跳舞。A.eager渴望的；B.content滿足的；C.nervous緊張的；D.hesitant猶豫的。根據(jù)后文“BythetimeIfinishedInoticedthesmileontheirfaceshad______.”可知，孩子們都是面帶微笑，由此可知，孩子們對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)舞蹈充滿熱情和期待。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我看著他們臉上的微笑，問(wèn)前排的一個(gè)男孩：“你叫什么名字？”A.concern關(guān)心；B.fear恐懼；C.smile微笑；D.relief安慰。根據(jù)后文“BythetimeIfinishedInoticedthesmileontheirfaceshad_____.”可知，此處指出孩子們臉上帶著笑容。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我一個(gè)接一個(gè)地詢問(wèn)他們的名字。A.commented評(píng)論；B.inquired詢問(wèn)；C.wondered想知道；D.wrote寫。根據(jù)上文“Ilookedatthe______ontheirfacesandaskedaboyinthefront,“What’syourname?””以及下文的“Onebyone”可知，作者在逐一詢問(wèn)孩子們的名字。故選B?！?6題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他們熱情地回應(yīng)。A.shyly害羞地；B.calmly冷靜地；C.thoughtfully深思熟慮地；D.enthusiastically熱情地。根據(jù)后文“Afewevenfoughttotellmefirst”可知，孩子們爭(zhēng)先恐后地回答問(wèn)題，表現(xiàn)出極大的熱情。故選D?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我結(jié)束時(shí)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)他們臉上的笑容更加燦爛了。A.widened變寬；B.returned返回；C.changed改變；D.appeared出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)前文的“Afewevenfoughttotellmefirst.”可知，孩子們爭(zhēng)先恐后地回答問(wèn)題，表現(xiàn)出極大的熱情，結(jié)合后文“Theywentwildwithjoy.”可知，此處指的是孩子們的笑容在逐漸擴(kuò)大。故選A?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我用一些簡(jiǎn)單的步伐開(kāi)始了我們的舞蹈課，他們跟得非常完美。A.steps步驟，舞步；B.questions問(wèn)題；C.dives潛水；D.strategies策略。根據(jù)后文“theyfollowedperfectly”可知，孩子們跟的非常完美，由此可推斷，此處指的是舞蹈課的一些簡(jiǎn)單舞步。故選A。【29題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我播放了一首歌曲并讓他們自由跳舞，以此結(jié)束了課程。A.workedon致力于；B.wrappedup結(jié)束；C.putoff推遲；D.learnedabout了解。根據(jù)上文的“Istartedourdancingclasswithsomesimple______andtheyfollowedperfectly.”可知，作者是用一些簡(jiǎn)單的步伐開(kāi)始的舞蹈課，結(jié)合下文的“byplayingasongandtellingthemtodanceastheypleased”可知，此處是課程的最后一部分，所以此處表示“結(jié)束”課程與上文呼應(yīng)，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)孩子們跳舞時(shí)，一名非政府組織的助手走